ライフサイエンスコーパス: stimulus

1 ral responses are increased for the attended stimulus.

2 EGFR dynamics in response to an acute ligand stimulus.

3 onse genes that are activated by the primary stimulus.

4 straction from the temporal structure of the stimulus.

5 stimulus (CS) with an aversive unconditioned stimulus.

6 antigenic properties and localization of the stimulus.

7 cortices, mnemonically encode the remembered stimulus.

8 on a triggering event induced by an external stimulus.

9 ly from cells after washing to remove excess stimulus.

10 at approximately one-third the radius of the stimulus.

11 objective, physical properties of the visual stimulus.

12 ponse of each pixel during the period of the stimulus.

13 film nematic polymer networks under external stimulus.

14 dependent upon the nature of the autophagic stimulus.

15 he activity of sensory neurons driven by the stimulus.

16 these two cell types respond to a common TLR stimulus.

17 response following cessation of a red light stimulus.

18 gated along the blood vessel with increasing stimulus.

19 ll as soften, depending on the exact type of stimulus.

20 pressure-monitoring guidewire and hyperemic stimulus.

21 reflexive eye movements induced by a moving stimulus.

22 l patterning is critical to interpreting the stimulus.

23 de the amount of reward associated with each stimulus.

24 visual cortex activity in anticipation of a stimulus.

25 o participate in the trace of the percept of stimulus 1 as the rat awaited stimulus 2.

26 the percept of stimulus 1 as the rat awaited stimulus 2.

27 eater than that with the maximal hypercapnic stimulus (2.00 vs. 0.86 mL/min/g; P < 0.0001).

28 onstrate that presentation of a novel visual stimulus (a single oriented grating) causes immediate, i

29 chronic cervical SCI responded to a startle stimulus, a test that engages the reticulospinal tract,

30 When such a situation first presents itself, stimulus-action contingencies and their relative value m

31 e identified and selectively labeled noxious-stimulus-activated PBL neurons and performed comprehensi

32 learned the temporal relationship between a stimulus and a reward and reported their response with a

33 Our findings reveal decoupled stimulus and choice signals in the VIP area, and challen

34 nships, and phylogeny of Microgastrinae as a stimulus and foundation for further study.

35 brain activity at rest, independently of any stimulus and of any paroxysmal electroencephalographic a

36 li that sustain through the interval between stimulus and outcome.

37 ms; their reproductions were fed back as the stimulus and over time became dominated by internal bias

38 These neuronal signals also represent the stimulus and relevant second-order combinations of past

39 The encoding of choice, stimulus and second-order past state variables resides,

40 emotion beyond what could be predicted from stimulus and self-report variables.

41 cally, to express the delay between a visual stimulus and the reward that it portends.

42 animal's certainty about the presence of the stimulus and the temporal expectation of sensory cues.

43 r genes associated with myelination, hormone stimulus, and abnormal hormone levels.

44 ticular stimulus increases selection of that stimulus, and this effect was stimulus dependent and act

45 brous skin of the hand to any spatiotemporal stimulus applied to the skin.

46 ther a physiologically tolerable hypercapnic stimulus ( approximately 25 mm Hg increase in PaCO2) can

47 with our fingertip, physical features in the stimulus are concatenated in a particular order.

48 custom (especially around instruction to low stimulus areas); knowledge of the patient; time-efficien

49 ategorical recognition memory for hue onto a stimulus array used previously to document the color lex

50 posite to optimal, preferring the blind-spot stimulus as the better example of a collinear stimulus,

51 den appearance within the visual field) of a stimulus at any one location, and thus decrease response

52 rast thresholds were conducted using a novel stimulus, based on the use of chromatic and spatial nois

53 task that had randomly interleaved blocks of stimulus-based and action-based reinforcement learning (

54 rocular suppression of an ordinarily visible stimulus being viewed by one eye is sufficient to produc

55 rs, based on their expression profiles after stimulus, belong to different transcription response sub

56 attended, adding a suppressive, nonpreferred stimulus beside a preferred stimulus increased spike-cou

57 ly in the retinotopic location of the visual stimulus, but also at the occipital pole (OP), correspon

58 clear information about the location of the stimulus, but they provided little or no information abo

59 Animals adaptively respond to a tactile stimulus by choosing an ethologically relevant behavior

60 Sound vibration (SV), a mechanical stimulus, can trigger various molecular and physiologica

61 ption temporarily exaggerates abrupt thermal stimulus changes revealing a mechanism for nociceptive t

62 By interleaving various stimulus combinations, we separated the components and i

63 use fired more action potentials for a given stimulus compared with wild-type neurons.

64 ndividual and shared features of cross-modal stimulus constituents, such as contrast, frequency, cong

65 ousal fluctuations opposed to differences in stimulus content.

66 Any change in the stimulus context alters which inputs are suppressed, lea

67 modulation through stimulus intensity cues (stimulus context) during functional magnetic resonance i

68 neuron's receptive field can be modulated by stimulus context, and the strength of these contextual i

69 atio systematically declines with increasing stimulus contrast or size.

70 ive similarities with that for a decrease in stimulus contrast, but differs quantitatively from decre

71 high-level visual properties of the adapting stimulus contributed to the changes in apparent speed.

72 dorsal striatum at the center of the neural stimulus-control learning machinery.

73 y structure involved in selectively updating stimulus-control state associations.

74 the non-response of muscle to a hypertrophic stimulus could be modulated by epigenetic mechanisms, in

75 and magnetic resonance imaging, we monitored stimulus-coupled glandular secretion into the flytrap.

76 iquid reward associated with one conditioned stimulus (CS) was manipulated by changing the reward amo

77 s learn to associate an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) with an aversive unconditioned stimulus.

78 g sessions in which one auditory conditioned stimulus (CS+) was paired with 15% ethanol and a second

79 ed with 15% ethanol and a second conditioned stimulus (CS-) was not.

80 revealed that the contribution of an applied stimulus current exceeded that of the chemical signals.

81 It was also found that effective spike-stimulus delays are consistent with experimentally deriv

82 ection of that stimulus, and this effect was stimulus dependent and action independent.

83 eling of protein dynamics, we classified the stimulus-dependent changes in protein abundance into two

84 b2, it enabled the photocapture of EGFR in a stimulus-dependent manner.

85 inhibition of the MAPK pathway abrogates the stimulus-dependent recruitment of Integrator at immediat

86 ral spatial displacements, indicating that a stimulus-dependent timer exploits arousal to time gaze-s

87 results reveal the dynamic landscape of the stimulus-dependent transcriptional changes occurring acr

88 ation abnormalities for a given hypoglycemic stimulus despite comparable sympathoadrenal responses.

89 Furthermore, we found that the same visual stimulus did not affect performance in auditory control

90 s that bound the robust encoding of separate stimulus dimensions in the context of multidimensional s

91 es performance of a model output neuron on a stimulus discrimination task.

92 visual objects with similarly-sized external stimulus displacements.

93 We used an immersive visual stimulus dome that allowed us to present spatiotemporall

94 a spatial attention task preceded subsequent stimulus-driven gamma-band activity.

95 in a treatment context compared with a more stimulus-driven processing of expectations with stimulus

96 theories of peripheral pitch coding involve stimulus-driven spike timing, or phase locking, in the a

97 occasion" for drug taking (a discriminative stimulus, DS) would reinstate cocaine seeking more readi

98 avioural surprise signals to the conditioned stimulus during subsequent re-learning, and already late

99 s and/ or changes in response to an arousing stimulus (e.g. food) alone.

100 e discrete time-varying features tied to the stimulus, each of which has Markov (or semi-Markov) dyna

101 the proposal that information related to the stimulus edges underlies orientation decoding.

102 ates spatial discrimination and detection of stimulus edges.

103 or activity following an unexpected negative stimulus, electric shock.

104 y increased evoked responses relative to pre-stimulus electroencephalogram.

105 We show that this probe stimulus elicited a stronger BOLD response, and allowed

106 his collective state is robust to changes in stimulus ensemble and adaptive state.

107 timulus as the better example of a collinear stimulus, even though no relevant veridical information

108 ed to decode the remembered orientation of a stimulus, even when the orientation of the stimulus vari

109 dition, the reproducibility and stability of stimulus-evoked activation locations within and across b

110 that a primary function of the unconditioned stimulus-evoked activity of BLA neurons is to maintain t

111 ation and on-chip monitoring and analysis of stimulus-evoked calcium responses of intact C. elegans a

112 lved question is how STRF maturation affects stimulus-evoked correlated activity between pairs of LGN

113 s is an important question to answer because stimulus-evoked correlated activity likely plays a role

114 ory processing at short RSIs, indexed by the stimulus-evoked P1 component, was predicted by an ERP me

115 sing electroencephalography (EEG) to measure stimulus-evoked visual responses from human subjects whi

116 through the same mechanisms and suggest that stimulus expectation alters the decision criterion but n

117 e enhancers for a target gene independent of stimulus exposure.

118 ormance suggesting it might reflect enhanced stimulus-feature representations in auditory memory.

119 ceptive fields) that extract the most useful stimulus features for estimating a user-specified latent

120 rate that beta power in MPC is reflective of stimulus features in a supramodal, context-dependent man

121 tage-gated conductances can extract distinct stimulus features into parallel channels.

122 activity as driven by multiple simultaneous stimulus features rather than intrinsic neural dynamics.

123 nd memory) and bottom-up processes (based on stimulus features) interact in sensory coding.

124 primary receptors are selective for specific stimulus features, and they derive their selectivity bot

125 Tissue CO2/H(+) also functions as the main stimulus for breathing by activating chemosensitive neur

126 icularly calcium, appears to be an important stimulus for Longus production.

127 The strongest stimulus for vitiligo repigmentation is narrow-band UVB

128 cs of afferent-evoked input at physiological stimulus frequencies.

129 linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow.

130 Removing the desensitizing stimulus from the media following desensitization allowe

131 pproach first models neural responses to the stimulus from which fMRI responses are derived.

132 the environment to autonomously move down a stimulus gradient.

133 est this hypothesis, we used a novel intense stimulus (high-intensity exercise) to demonstrate two cl

134 tive dependencies simultaneously from recent stimulus history when making perceptual decisions.

135 Orientation was decodable across the stimulus; however, peak decoding performance occurred fo

136 In contrast, a tactile stimulus (i.e. vibration on the skin) did not lead to a

137 The ability to represent both stimulus identity and intensity is fundamental for perce

138 In the visual system, the response to a stimulus in a neuron's receptive field can be modulated

139 after numerous repetitions of the very same stimulus in the absence of interference.

140 gher number of action potentials for a given stimulus, in fmr1(-/y) mice.

141 urea-sensitive hydrogel subject to the urea stimulus, including the distribution patterns of the ele

142 ve, nonpreferred stimulus beside a preferred stimulus increased spike-count correlations between pair

143 te that stimulation paired with a particular stimulus increases selection of that stimulus, and this

144 nding in this extensive body of work is that stimulus information is distributed over many fibers.

145 atment context) with pain modulation through stimulus intensity cues (stimulus context) during functi

146 mulus-driven processing of expectations with stimulus intensity cues.

147 vious finding in which individual TMS SI1mV (stimulus intensity for 1 mV MEP amplitude) sensitivity c

148 cular stimuli beyond the predictive value of stimulus intensity or self-reports of emotion.

149 ensory regions nor to rescaling of monotonic stimulus intensity tuning curves, but may rather represe

150 trains of action potentials (spikes) encode stimulus intensity within the onset time of the first ev

151 ding model, whereas posterior insula encoded stimulus intensity.

152 gth of these contextual influences vary with stimulus intensity.

153 n how task constraints, such as the response-stimulus interval (RSI), influence post-error adjustment

154 rior midgut might represent an environmental stimulus involved in the transformation of this importan

155 When only one stimulus is attended, the neural response to that stimul

156 of adjacent stimuli, a continuous, periodic stimulus is more resistant to biological artifacts.

157 Consequently, when the same visual stimulus is presented repeatedly, postsynaptic currents

158 lus is attended, the neural response to that stimulus is selectively enhanced in prefrontal and parie

159 remodeling during the first week of a growth stimulus is sufficient to ensure long-term myofiber hype

160 vior by rejecting theories based on discrete stimulus items.

161 CCL2 and CXCL10, correlated with the median stimulus length in the 5-CSRTT.

162 ifferentially regulated by a proinflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] from Porphyromonas gi

163 imuli regardless of prior familiarisation or stimulus location, though responses were more variable f

164 efining feature of a habit) was shown by the stimulus-locked P1 component, reflecting activity in the

165 Gaussian stimuli, we show that ORNs adapt to stimulus mean and variance, and that adaptation and satu

166 ion test in which the difference between two stimulus mixtures can be altered stepwise.

167 expanded the sensory representation of that stimulus, not exclusively within the somatosensory corti

168 f TH(VTA) neuronal activation with a forepaw stimulus of a particular frequency expanded the sensory

169 es in BOLD signal during the dynamic warming stimulus on the control site, they remained silent durin

170 spontaneous brain activity pattern prior to stimulus onset also influences unconscious perceptual ma

171 al signature of the unique hues 230 ms after stimulus onset at a post-perceptual stage of visual proc

172 ntaneous spiking and the precise encoding of stimulus onset in afferent neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMEN

173 d that, while the response latency to visual stimulus onset was earlier for V1 neurons than superior

174 represented much earlier (<100 ms following stimulus onset) than previously estimated.

175 Gain was apparent within 100 ms of stimulus onset, and a quantitative model based on signal

176 Between approximately 50 and 400 ms after stimulus onset, face-selective sources in right lateral

177 compensation starting at around 350 ms after stimulus onset, indicating that noise compensation is mo

178 different times over the first 500 ms after stimulus onset.

179 wer evoked spikes with longer latencies from stimulus onset.

180 tional to the projection of an incoming face stimulus onto a single axis in this space, allowing a fa

181 ts, such as the frequency of occurrence of a stimulus or the coincidence of multiple stimuli.

182 bearing on the idea that OFC specializes in stimulus- or object-based choices in contrast to action-

183 eased firing-rate responses to the presented stimulus orientation (relative to other orientations).

184 local or global motion, direction of motion, stimulus orientation, contrast or uniformity, or the pre

185 ore, play less of a primary role in learning stimulus-outcome associations in RL than previously sugg

186 We trained young chickens to discriminate a stimulus (paper cone) placed at two locations in an aren

187 ovides a model system that uses a controlled stimulus paradigm to understand the mechanisms by which

188 an individual mechanoreceptor to an applied stimulus (parameterised as strain energy density).

189 ts would expend to smell or avoid smelling a stimulus, patients with behavioural variant frontotempor

190 stresses, where the signals from the site of stimulus perception are transmitted to distal organs to

191 ximizing the effects of large-scale economic stimulus policies.

192 ng an ERP marker of cognitive control (i.e., stimulus preceding negativity).

193 However, stimulus presentation alone does not affect primary visu

194 rial-to-trial spike count variability during stimulus presentation and decision formation.

195 While reward-based effects required long stimulus presentation, the influence of contrast was str

196 odorants in females compared to males during stimulus presentation.

197 s in 24 neurosurgical patients during visual stimulus presentation.

198 c) to ensure that subjects have control over stimulus presentation.

199 ly predicted by EEG flicker responses during stimulus processing than during preparation for the upco

200 l, whereas the gamma-band mediates bottom-up stimulus processing.

201 These experiments reveal how stimulus properties [13], individual differences [14], a

202 roups of neurons (channels) tuned for visual stimulus properties.

203 The stimulus pulse shape further influences parameters such

204 utor to actual eye movements over the tested stimulus range.

205 ven by various forms of depolarizing current stimulus, Re neurons display considerable diversity in t

206 We performed dynamic stimulus reconstructions based on neural population resp

207 Stimulus-related neural responses are increased for the

208 Our study has implications for the antigenic stimulus required for antilatency strategies and/or ther

209 itical network entrainment is a slow process stimulus response adapts gradually over multiple repetit

210 processes allow us to override well-learned stimulus-response (S-R) associations.

211 ngly challenge accounts of learning based on stimulus-response associations.

212 and smooth pursuit eye movements to measure stimulus-response correlations across space and time, co

213 ehavior in mice that would otherwise express stimulus-response habits.

214 rs that determine how participants learn new stimulus-response mappings by trial-and-error.

215 rrent theory suggests that drug use enhances stimulus-response processing at the expense of response-

216 rchical rule sets containing one lower-level stimulus-response rule and one higher-level selection ru

217 ot too far from what has come to be known as stimulus-response theory.

218 ects visuomotor response as indicated by the stimulus-response-compatibility (SRC) effect: When subje

219 The magnitudes of stimulus responses in area 3b were stronger than those i

220 We exploit this feature by using stimulus responsive polymers to introduce a paradigm for

221 Viruses with stimulus-responsive capabilities, either nature-evolved

222 cribe a discovery platform that can identify stimulus-responsive enhancers for a target gene independ

223 Stimulus-responsive viral vector design considerations a

224 r to make these therapies more controllable, stimulus-responsive viral vectors capable of sensing and

225 Accepting reward coupled to a nociceptive stimulus resulted in decreased perceived intensity, whil

226 amygdala contributes to the ability to learn stimulus-reward associations rapidly by shaping encoding

227 l frontal cortex (MFC), and amygdala mediate stimulus-reward learning, but the mechanisms through whi

228 sized that such reward-related modulation of stimulus salience is conceptually similar to an "attenti

229 vocellularis (Ipc)-key nodes in the midbrain stimulus selection network-in chickens trained to perfor

230 rons implicated in navigation-display visual stimulus selection.

231 tically subserves the attentional control of stimulus selection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Contemporary r

232 ptors (PRRs) (i.e., TLR3; TLR4), revealing a stimulus-selective role for TBK1 in mTORC1 regulation.

233 87 human participants of both sexes during a stimulus-selective stop-signal task and performed strate

234 re essential cellular signaling elements for stimulus sensing, propagation, and transmission inside c

235 ompletion in early visual cortex, in which a stimulus sequence is recreated after only a subset of th

236 activity wave in V1 that resembles the full stimulus sequence.

237 igate second-hand stress, we first created a stimulus set of videos, which featured participants spea

238 pitch and intensity for sound-and assemble a stimulus set that systematically varies along these dime

239 is to decode more general information about stimulus shape from the ring neuron population codes.

240 l responses made immediately after viewing a stimulus show evidence of adaptation, but not attractive

241 ith neurons most responsive to the presented stimulus showing greater SFC.

242 Control subjects responded to a startle stimulus similarly across tasks.

243 us (LGN) of the dorsal thalamus, influencing stimulus size tuning, response gain control, and tempora

244 enabling them to occupy different niches in stimulus space.

245 eas excitatory neurons are more sensitive to stimulus specific bottom-up inputs.

246 cal content is largely unknown hence whether stimulus specific populations exist is unclear.

247 This causes a stimulus-specific and long-lasting deficit in the abilit

248 ues into distinct signaling dynamics through stimulus-specific network architectures.

249 Recent fMRI studies have revealed stimulus-specific patterns of activation in sensory cort

250 vity of hippocampal and amygdala neurons was stimulus-specific, formed stable attractors and was pred

251 g, we show that prediction errors underlying stimulus-stimulus learning can be blocked behaviorally a

252 eurons across the transition prevents normal stimulus-stimulus learning.

253 ibit reconfigurable responses under external stimulus, such as electric fields and light radiation, h

254 ing than during preparation for the upcoming stimulus, suggesting that 10 Hz flicker interfered more

255 oth modalities with similar firing patterns (stimulus-synchronized or nonsynchronized).

256 We developed a novel stimulus that can be adjusted parametrically to be large

257 e action potentials in response to a current stimulus that depolarizes the membrane above an excitati

258 escribe a circuit mechanism by which a novel stimulus that initially interests a fruit fly turns into

259 We devised a stimulus that targeted melanopsin separately from the co

260 RI that predicts responses directly from the stimulus, the encoding approach first models neural resp

261 By a metal coordination stimulus, the tweezers can be mechanically switched from

262 elief state about the perceptually ambiguous stimulus; this model generates an estimate of the probab

263 following injury induced by the inflammatory stimulus thrombin.

264 that rats overestimated the longer-duration stimulus-thus, perceived intensity of a vibration grew o

265 ns, different cells often experience diverse stimulus time courses, which is a situation likely to oc

266 form better than standard tools such as peri-stimulus time histograms and kernel smoothing.

267 ng deficit in the ability of the conditioned stimulus to be learned about or control fear responses.

268 ment or ATI can provide sufficient antigenic stimulus to boost HIV-1-specific functional antibodies t

269 ls weigh positive and negative features of a stimulus to determine whether they will pursue or avoid

270 may provide a global and near instantaneous stimulus to measure the need for cooling, for example, i

271 Although simple rules that link a sensory stimulus to one response may suffice in some situations,

272 nanocrystals, where crystal slip serves as a stimulus to surface diffusional creep.

273 produce a prolonged synaptic signal after a stimulus train and does not contribute to short-term pla

274 te, asynchronous postsynaptic current during stimulus trains.

275 er, they likely do these employing different stimulus transduction mechanisms to sense the diverse ch

276 ckwise primary oblique (45 degrees ) for two stimulus types (spatially filtered noise textures and si

277 onic decline, whereby repeated exposure to a stimulus typically reduces the hedonic response (e.g., e

278 ructural change upon exposure to an external stimulus-underpins their design as responsive materials

279 Here, we used a novel unconditioned-stimulus (US) reactivation paradigm to interfere with th

280 The electrochemical stimulus used for luminescence generation does not suffe

281 so can be controlled by a dynamic mechanical stimulus using a new supramolecular surface-pressure-con

282 ty in this network was further predictive of stimulus value updating indicating a comparable contribu

283 as best modeled as resulting from changes in stimulus value.

284 microstimulation can differentially increase stimulus values independent of action, and unilateral ma

285 obe the impact on neural encoding of natural stimulus variability, the prior over the latent variable

286 voxels (i.e., voxels selective for different stimulus variables) contribute to the success of MVPA.

287 a stimulus, even when the orientation of the stimulus varied independently of its location.

288 alues), directional selectivity, and optimal stimulus velocity.

289 response following cessation of a blue light stimulus was compared with the photoreceptor-mediated pu

290 Next, this stimulus was delivered using two thermodes, one deliveri

291 o learn that choosing a particular action or stimulus was more likely to lead to reward.

292 st, we asked participants to judge whether a stimulus was oriented closer to vertical or the clockwis

293 assemblies could be well-retained after the stimulus was removed.

294 o the foveal representation, even though the stimulus was unseen and located peripherally.

295 gents with an external near-infrared optical stimulus, we can further suppress the background signals

296 ed to the filtered motion energy in a motion stimulus, we compare measured and predicted eye accelera

297 erence to engage with a top-heavy, face-like stimulus when contrasted with all other forms of stimuli

298 uring which a person is more likely to see a stimulus, whether or not it is actually present.

299 ys: TGFbeta1 delivered a potent pro-fibrotic stimulus, which was reduced by TGFbeta antibody or the a

300 from a malignant, infectious, or autoimmune stimulus without an identifiable underlying genetic trig