ライフサイエンスコーパス: sub-Saharan

1 esent-day Egyptians, who received additional sub-Saharan admixture in more recent times.

2 illion individuals as second-line therapy in sub Saharan Africa by 2020.

3 n; 95% CI: $19.2 billion, $74.6 billion) and sub-Saharan Africa ($34.2 billion; 95% CI: $24.4 billion

4 countries across contrasted agroecologies in sub-Saharan Africa (>13,000 farm households) and analyze

5 he highest mortality rates were estimated in sub-Saharan Africa (2.8-16.5 per 100 000 individuals), s

6 h the largest number of affected children in sub-Saharan Africa (29.4.1 million; 43.8% of children ag

7 Proportions were significantly lower in sub-Saharan Africa (41.1%; 225/547), East Asia and the P

8 n-industrial societies including tribes from Sub-Saharan Africa (Hadza, Datoga, and Isanzu), Western

9 30,618 pregnancies were included; four from sub-Saharan Africa (n = 6,666 pregnancies, six sites) an

10 es were completed in South East Asia (n=13), Sub-Saharan Africa (n=6) and South America (n=2).

11 ths, HIV incidence, and ART program costs in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) for a range of program situatio

12 and agriculture productivity assessments in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) require a better understanding

13 d housing compared to traditional housing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

14 2005/2007, the rise will be much greater in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

15 e major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA).

16 oduction of PMI and child mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

17 Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 73% of the estimated cr

18 ity in children in warm dry climates such as Sub-Saharan Africa and accounts for about 3 % of serious

19 keri are sympatric sibling species common in sub-Saharan Africa and also found in Oceania and Asia.

20 r spirometry are appropriate for children in sub-Saharan Africa and assess the impact of malnutrition

21 f investments in malaria-related research in sub-Saharan Africa and compare investment with national

22 ultiple setting scenarios mimicking those in sub-Saharan Africa and considered the prevalence of pret

23 sions range from 20% to 40% lower throughout sub-Saharan Africa and Eastern Europe, to >120% greater

24 he dual epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa and evidence suggesting a disproporti

25 to assess outcomes of acute kidney injury in sub-Saharan Africa and identify barriers to care.

26 owth faltering remains common in children in sub-Saharan Africa and is associated with substantial mo

27 ak disease has to date been reported only in sub-Saharan Africa and is caused by two distinct ipomovi

28 ld promise to reduce malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa and keep areas malaria-free after eli

29 climates, and a primary source of protein in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the developing wor

30 n screening for sickle cell disease (SCD) in sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited areas worl

31 5 deaths, the leading cause was pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa and preterm birth complications in so

32 o control of Anopheles malaria mosquitoes in sub-Saharan Africa and requires an improved understandin

33 effective, such as western and central Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and South America, waterbird declines

34 the causes of moderate-to-severe diarrhea in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

35 Cassava mosaic disease occurs in sub-Saharan Africa and the Asian subcontinent and is ass

36 Many of the challenges faced are unique to sub-Saharan Africa and the development of strategies is

37 ype 4 infection is most commonly reported in sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East; however, prevale

38 ears, an increase of 31 countries (mostly in sub-Saharan Africa and the Pacific Islands) since a revi

39 diatric protease inhibitor-based regimens in sub-Saharan Africa and underscore the need to accelerate

40 er, several issues related to hepatitis C in sub-Saharan Africa are addressed, including prevalence,

41 the 1 059 700 stillbirths in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa are attributed to P falciparum malari

42 However, institutional testing activities in sub-Saharan Africa are currently limited.

43 revention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in sub-Saharan Africa are needed to inform intervention str

44 Neurology training programs in sub-Saharan Africa are relatively limited in number and

45 ent of protease inhibitor (PI) resistance in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce.

46 ence data for invasive salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce.

47 deliverable cancer care and cancer trials in sub-Saharan Africa as well as a potential framework for

48 and cost-effective in low-income settings in sub-Saharan Africa at any prevalence of pre-ART NNRTI re

49 INTRODUCTION: Sub-Saharan Africa bears more than two-thirds of the wor

50 enrolled in a large study in 3 countries of sub-Saharan Africa because they had danger signs prevent

51 -level information on child mortality across sub-Saharan Africa between 1980-2010.

52 d Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys) across sub-Saharan Africa between 2003 and 2015.

53 tropical diseases, leaving many millions in sub-Saharan Africa blind and/or with chronic disabilitie

54 African rice is rarely grown outside sub-Saharan Africa but is of global interest because of

55 on) is a major cause of illness and death in sub-Saharan Africa but little is known about the role of

56 rom 90 Demographic and Health Surveys for 30 sub-Saharan Africa countries on births reported between

57 gy only included subject-level data from one sub-Saharan Africa country.

58 Most patients with ESKD starting dialysis in sub-Saharan Africa discontinue treatment and die.

59 Across sub-Saharan Africa during the past 15 years, we estimate

60 TaqMan (CAP/CTM) systems are widely used in sub-Saharan Africa for early infant diagnosis of HIV fro

61 Only nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa had care continua with viral suppress

62 s with high HIV incidence, but its uptake in sub-Saharan Africa has been below targets.

63 h the annual number of new HIV infections in Sub-Saharan Africa has decreased lately, new HIV infecti

64 RPRETATION: Scale-up of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa has public health implications for se

65 Sub-Saharan Africa has the world's highest under-5 and n

66 of these problems in preschool children from sub-Saharan Africa have been published.

67 and P falciparum infection increased across sub-Saharan Africa in 2003-15, but even in 2015, only 19

68 ptase inhibitor drugs has been identified in sub-Saharan Africa in patients with virological failure

69 nd Health Surveys (DHS) conducted throughout sub-Saharan Africa indicate there is widespread acceptan

70 Malnutrition during pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with poor birth outcome

71 The population of sub-Saharan Africa is currently estimated to be 1245 mil

72 sting among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa is essential for the success of combi

73 Increased uptake of HIV testing by men in sub-Saharan Africa is essential for the success of combi

74 versity among smallholder farm households in sub-Saharan Africa is key for the design of policies tha

75 INTERPRETATION: The fate of twins in sub-Saharan Africa is lagging behind that of singletons.

76 mycobacterial (NTM) disease epidemiology in sub-Saharan Africa is not as well described as for pulmo

77 nized emerging infectious disease problem in sub-Saharan Africa is NTS in children and immunocompromi

78 ity of RVFV to expand geographically outside sub-Saharan Africa is of concern, particularly to the Am

79 However, the burden of PAD in sub-Saharan Africa is poorly understood.

80 The population of sub-Saharan Africa is projected to increase by > 120%.

81 The incidence of breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is relatively low, but as survival fr

82 Acute kidney injury in sub-Saharan Africa is severe, with 1042 (66%) of 1572 ch

83 key to achieving these elimination goals in sub-Saharan Africa is the effective prevention of new in

84 al disease and stillbirth, but its burden in sub-Saharan Africa is uncertain.

85 burden of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown but is probably high.

86 ted, self-limiting enterocolitis, whereas in sub-Saharan Africa it is a major cause of invasive nonty

87 n a resource-constrained environment such as Sub-Saharan Africa it is not possible to do everything,

88 iology and antimicrobial susceptibility, but sub-Saharan Africa lacks diagnostic capacity and antimic

89 dy thought to be one of the few countries in sub-Saharan Africa likely to meet the MDG 4 target of re

90 As antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in sub-Saharan Africa mature, increasing numbers of persons

91 The prevalence of PAD in sub-Saharan Africa may be equal to or higher than that i

92 e Study to estimate malaria mortality across sub-Saharan Africa on a grid of 5 km(2) from 1990 throug

93 ve cohort study of diabetic retinopathy from Sub-Saharan Africa over 24 months.

94 Under-5 mortality has declined in sub-Saharan Africa over the last decades.

95 57% in the rate of death from malaria across sub-Saharan Africa over the past 15 years and identified

96 ajority of deaths from malignancies occur in sub-Saharan Africa primarily as a result of lack of publ

97 Crop yields in sub-Saharan Africa remain stagnant at 1 ton ha(-1) , and

98 HIV incidence among young women in sub-Saharan Africa remains high and their inclusion in v

99 ience for articles in English or French from sub-Saharan Africa reporting dialysis outcomes in patien

100 8% of the reduction in the malaria burden in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000.

101 f antimicrobial resistance among children in sub-Saharan Africa since 2005.

102 tors of present-day humans living outside of sub-Saharan Africa than the previously sequenced Neander

103 e has been little experimental evidence from sub-Saharan Africa that can be brought to bear on this i

104 For 12 countries in sub-Saharan Africa that were off-track to achieve the Mi

105 The task that lies ahead for sub-Saharan Africa to achieve elimination is substantial

106 Government of Malawi was among the first in sub-Saharan Africa to adopt evidence-based policies and

107 is on stage at diagnosis of breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa to examine trends over time, and inve

108 rescribed in pediatric primary healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa to improve nutritional status and app

109 was one of the first low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa to introduce rotavirus vaccine into i

110 As sub-Saharan Africa transitions to a new era of universal

111 ith late-stage breast cancer at diagnosis in sub-Saharan Africa were compared with similar estimates

112 hest HIV burden, national care continua from sub-Saharan Africa were less likely to be in the public

113 leading cause of mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where it accounts for up to 1 million

114 tive public health responses in countries in sub-Saharan Africa where the prevalence of pretreatment

115 AT) are confined to spatially stable foci in Sub-Saharan Africa while tsetse distribution is widespre

116 t change, we estimate that the population of sub-Saharan Africa will probably lose 2.3 million disabi

117 nfected children receiving first-line ART in sub-Saharan Africa with limited access to virological mo

118 study, children receiving first-line ART in sub-Saharan Africa without real-time VL monitoring had g

119 ial quality of all improved water sources in sub-Saharan Africa would cost 16.0 million USD per year,

120 eliveries, 2.4 (South Asia) to 54.0 (Central sub-Saharan Africa) per 1000 appendectomies, and 0.3 (An

121 0.3 (Andean Latin America) to 25.5 (Southern sub-Saharan Africa) per 1000 hernia repairs.

122 ogroup A epidemics in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa, a meningococcal serogroup A conjugat

123 91% of HIV-positive pregnant women reside in sub-Saharan Africa, a region that also has very poor per

124 rden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in sub-Saharan Africa, absence of widespread screening and

125 For migrant populations from sub-Saharan Africa, adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD)

126 In sub-Saharan Africa, among patients with advanced human i

127 first-line tenofovir-containing regimens in sub-Saharan Africa, and are associated with multidrug re

128 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and despite the introduction of univ

129 on stunting globally and in the South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and East Asia and Pacific regions, w

130 n honey buzzards between the Netherlands and sub-Saharan Africa, and find that they make large wester

131 aper reflects a supranational perspective of sub-Saharan Africa, and recommends several priority elim

132 erica, North Africa and Middle East, western sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest DALYs

133 e non-typhoidal salmonella (iNTS) disease in sub-Saharan Africa, and the antimicrobial susceptibility

134 Here, we modeled tree cover in sub-Saharan Africa, as a proxy for vegetation structure

135 Africa, and more specifically, sub-Saharan Africa, carries a substantial portion of the

136 the HIV infection and malaria coepidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, clinical studies aimed at determinin

137 lly diverse population of C. neoformans from sub-Saharan Africa, commonly isolated from mopane trees,

138 Moreover, by sharing experiences from across sub-Saharan Africa, countries can create supranational s

139 studies that better define the PAD burden in sub-Saharan Africa, health systems should consider studi

140 ed access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV mortality has decreased, yet lif

141 in the more generalised HIV epidemics across sub-Saharan Africa, including Malawi.

142 are high among HSV-2-seropositive adults in sub-Saharan Africa, including persons with and those wit

143 ion farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa, India and South Asia.

144 In infants and young children in Sub-Saharan Africa, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is comm

145 etes is rapidly growing in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, nationally representative estimates

146 In sub-Saharan Africa, robust routine data sources and hist

147 greatest increases are predicted to occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, South America and Southeast Asia.

148 contrasting lifestyles across the Old World (sub-Saharan Africa, south-eastern Asia, Siberia).

149 are important and have local significance in sub-Saharan Africa, southeast Asia, and south Asia, wher

150 ce more than 75% of most food commodities in sub-Saharan Africa, southeast Asia, south Asia, and Chin

151 In sub-Saharan Africa, successful operational IVM experienc

152 Search strings included sub-Saharan Africa, the countries therein, and permutati

153 ce of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in sub-Saharan Africa, the natural history of infection amo

154 tremely challenging conditions can be met in sub-Saharan Africa, the WHO's global elimination strateg

155 In this study in sub-Saharan Africa, we found that HIV burden and stigma

156 populations, including 1269 individuals from sub-Saharan Africa, we identify a diverse array of large

157 loping vaccines that would be efficacious in sub-Saharan Africa, where clade C infection is dominant.

158 In sub-Saharan Africa, where HBsAg prevalence is higher tha

159 a parasitic infection that is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, where it represents a major health p

160 t its safety and efficacy in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa, where the greatest sickle-cell burde

161 e large terrestrial birds of prey endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, which feed on snakes, lizards and sm

162 south-west Europe against those migrating to sub-Saharan Africa, while Grist et al. () measure reprod

163 easing in Kenya, as is the case elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa, while measures for control and preve

164 children with SCA living in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan Africa, without increased severe malaria, in

165 a common cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, yet few facilities are able to maint

166 children with stunting continues to rise in sub-Saharan Africa.

167 ssociated cryptococcal disease, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa.

168 omised trial of second-line ART (EARNEST) in sub-Saharan Africa.

169 to reduce HIV acquisition in women living in sub-Saharan Africa.

170 t childbirth rate and maternal death rate in sub-Saharan Africa.

171 in the past 10 years, especially outside of sub-Saharan Africa.

172 ects 240 million people worldwide, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.

173 nce of NTM detection in pulmonary samples in sub-Saharan Africa.

174 hovar commonly causes systemic bacteremia in sub-Saharan Africa.

175 worldwide, with a disproportionate effect in sub-Saharan Africa.

176 cy and the baseline death rate thresholds of sub-Saharan Africa.

177 ed that Xpert would be cost-effective across sub-Saharan Africa.

178 sters of hepatitis D virus endemicity across sub-Saharan Africa.

179 evalence among HBsAg-positive populations in sub-Saharan Africa.

180 at substantial rate in LMICs, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

181 d to best represent the current situation in sub-Saharan Africa.

182 ay be unavailable to a number of patients in sub-Saharan Africa.

183 ty, resulting in their positive selection in sub-Saharan Africa.

184 us mating is high in some areas of North and Sub-Saharan Africa.

185 not restricted by year of publication, or to sub-Saharan Africa.

186 sure, and is essential for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa.

187 -2012 reference values for schoolchildren in sub-Saharan Africa.

188 malaria are both common in pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa.

189 anner to tackle the burden of hepatitis C in sub-Saharan Africa.

190 ues of the President's Malaria Initiative in sub-Saharan Africa.

191 nhibitor (NNRTI; nevirapine or efavirenz) in sub-Saharan Africa.

192 trategies to manage individuals with ESKD in sub-Saharan Africa.

193 th in almost all malaria-endemic settings in sub-Saharan Africa.

194 th and Engage4Health studies for HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa.

195 , however, follow-up rates are often poor in sub-Saharan Africa.

196 bers since 2000 with the slowest progress in sub-Saharan Africa.

197 ly explain the magnitude of HIV epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa.

198 etes is an emerging public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa.

199 in vulnerable populations, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa.

200 hes from tropical lowlands in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

201 trategies, and estimated treatment needs for sub-Saharan Africa.

202 o-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services in sub-Saharan Africa.

203 ing and treatment programmes are feasible in sub-Saharan Africa.

204 contribute to their more efficient spread in sub-Saharan Africa.

205 e of meningitis in adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

206 he cornerstone of schistosomiasis control in sub-Saharan Africa.

207 global public health concern, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

208 ws the continued threat of N meningitidis in sub-Saharan Africa.

209 t player in malaria transmission dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa.

210 cale-up of MMC and ART for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa.

211 f sweetpotatoes, an important staple food in Sub-Saharan Africa.

212 onegative index cases have been performed in sub-Saharan Africa.

213 nd with efficacy estimates from elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa.

214 the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis, in sub-Saharan Africa.

215 sing human and animal trypanosomiases across sub-Saharan Africa.

216 y and this gap is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan Africa.

217 ddle-income countries; 77% in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

218 uld enhance the impact of HIV funding across sub-Saharan Africa.

219 for high-income regions to 546 (511-652) for sub-Saharan Africa.

220 ch in an HIV-1 subtype-C-infected donor from sub-Saharan Africa.

221 n-based combination treatment for malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.

222 (HIV) infection remains high among women in sub-Saharan Africa.

223 with HIV; about 25 million of these live in sub-Saharan Africa.

224 ence for these associations is identified in sub-Saharan Africa.

225 vention investments could be achieved across sub-Saharan Africa.

226 ortality in children younger than 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa.

227 lated morbidity and mortality remain high in sub-Saharan Africa.

228 ortality and omphalitis in rural settings of sub-Saharan Africa.

229 stational age, and stillbirth, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

230 effect of scale-up of these interventions in sub-Saharan Africa.

231 (HAT), which threatens millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa.

232 sible for thousands of deaths in children in sub-Saharan Africa.

233 lages of this period have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa.

234 abetes diagnosis and care in 12 countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

235 good data from countries and regions within sub-Saharan Africa.

236 es, capturing 80% of the adult HIV burden in sub-Saharan Africa.

237 ion and management of acute kidney injury in sub-Saharan Africa.

238 jor priority by cancer control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa.

239 900 (75%; [95% CI 93 900-163 900]) deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.

240 y, from 2000 to 2015 across endemic areas in sub-Saharan Africa.

241 successive pandemics, including epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa.

242 roaches to improving HIV services for men in sub-Saharan Africa.

243 and elimination strategies of hepatitis B in sub-Saharan Africa.

244 ed to guide the development of programmes in sub-Saharan Africa.

245 alus in infants is a major health problem in sub-Saharan Africa.

246 D virus among HBsAg-positive populations in sub-Saharan Africa.

247 rasite prevalence and populations at risk in sub-Saharan Africa.

248 observed in Oceania, South Asia, and central sub-Saharan Africa.

249 for an increasing share of under-5 deaths in sub-Saharan Africa: currently 10.7% of under-5 mortality

250 the Middle East and Mediterranean crescent; sub-Saharan Africa; India; China; and southeast Asia) 1

251 that covers 115 years of malaria history in sub-Saharan Africa; inferring from these data to future

252 -35), and 81 (95% CI, 26-252) in children of sub-Saharan African (SSA) origin in Europe.

253 le Closure Glaucoma (PACG) are scarce in the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) population.

254 of the increased risk for kidney disease in sub-Saharan African ancestry populations.

255 laria-attributable and non-malarial fever in sub-Saharan African children from 2006 to 2014.

256 ly validated our classifiers using data from sub-Saharan African cohorts and evaluated previously pub

257 h early infant diagnosis were conducted in 5 sub-Saharan African countries (Mozambique, Swaziland, So

258 ed adults or adolescents in 14 sites in five sub-Saharan African countries (Uganda, Zimbabwe, Malawi,

259 In our sample of sub-Saharan African countries from the 1980s to the 2000

260 45 sub-Saharan African countries were ranked by amount of r

261 owever, developing countries, in particular, Sub-Saharan African countries, appear most vulnerable in

262 from 82 Demographic and Health Surveys in 28 sub-Saharan African countries, including the location an

263 llance agencies and water suppliers in seven sub-Saharan African countries, we determined the degree

264 er) men who have sex with men (cis-MSM) in 8 sub-Saharan African countries.

265 ilable data on the implementation of each in sub-Saharan African countries.

266 ded, which consisted of 26 788 women from 17 sub-Saharan African countries.

267 art of male circumcision programmes in other sub-Saharan African countries.

268 l capacity in health-care facilities in five sub-Saharan African countries.

269 or management was reported from 10 of the 48 sub-Saharan African countries.

270 equently recommended pilot implementation in sub-Saharan African countries.

271 ical study of Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in a sub-Saharan African country with higher spatial resoluti

272 uncertainty interval 289 000-343 000) die in sub-Saharan African each year.

273 de older age, elevated intraocular pressure, sub-Saharan African ethnic origin, positive family histo

274 d with modified and unmodified, traditional, sub-Saharan African houses.

275 ed the differences in 10-year CVD risk among sub-Saharan African migrants (Ghanaians) living in 3 Eur

276 about predictors of increased CVD risk among sub-Saharan African migrants in Europe and nonmigrants i

277 Sub-Saharan African nations have among the highest rates

278 s distributed to attendees of the 7th annual sub-Saharan African neurology teaching course in Khartou

279 nd archaeological studies have established a sub-Saharan African origin for anatomically modern human

280 ysis and vascular complications of SCD among sub-Saharan African patients.

281 viewed literature on HIV and tuberculosis in sub-Saharan African prisons published between 2011 and 2

282 as for programmatically relevant research in sub-Saharan African prisons.

283 ological factors explain social media use in sub-Saharan African protected areas.

284 ered the primary attractor of ecotourists to sub-Saharan African protected areas.

285 routinely available in many countries in the sub-Saharan African region with a single relatively simp

286 f green environments for mental wellbeing in sub-Saharan African settings experiencing rapid urbanisa

287 ate each gene drive approach in a variety of sub-Saharan African settings.

288 an Ocean was the scene of extensive trade of sub-Saharan African slaves via sea routes controlled by

289 ze, and estimated the mortality burden among sub-Saharan African twins.

290 n African American women as well as western, sub-Saharan African women compared with white American,

291 udies on breast cancer stage at diagnosis in sub-Saharan African women published before Jan 1, 2014,

292 we show that LTL is significantly longer in sub-Saharan Africans than in both Europeans and African

293 ions, such as African Americans and western, sub-Saharan Africans, compared with European-ancestry po

294 r, no study has quantified this reservoir in sub-Saharan Africans, who make up the largest population

295 and is responsible for epidemics throughout sub-Saharan, central, and West Africa.

296 (11.3 per 1000 cases) were imported from 41 sub-Saharan countries into China, with most cases (91.3%

297 age from ~8.5 to 7 Ma and comprise the first sub-Saharan mammalian assemblage that spans this period.

298 o validate this finding in Ugandan and other sub-Saharan samples.

299 nd large declines in western Africa (-46% in sub-Saharan western Africa) and Australia (-17%).

300 line in many African savannas (e.g., -18% in sub-Saharan western Africa).