ライフサイエンスコーパス: subjective

1 ns, and that quality-of-life assumptions are subjective.

2 Measurement of some risk factors was subjective.

3 Perception is subjective.

4 ganisms in aerial imagery can be tedious and subjective.

5 Subjective accommodation, as determined from defocus cur

6 Endocrinological and subjective affect assessments revealed stress-induced in

7 that therapeutic interventions should target subjective alcohol expectancies.

8 is is currently assessed by semiquantitative subjective analysis, and color image analysis has been d

9 reconstruct stress but the methods used are subjective and do not identify the specific biological s

10 Studies of subjective and genital sexual arousal in monosexual (i.e

11 our study, intranasal insulin normalized the subjective and hormonal response to stress.

12 to the reading of IFA slides, which was both subjective and labor-intensive.

13 distances walked prior to acute illness are subjective and may be imprecise.

14 would be improved by distinguishing between subjective and objective forms of member differentiation

15 In this study, subjective and objective measurement tools, preclassifie

16 Wireless monitoring of combined subjective and objective patient-centered outcomes can b

17 and comprehensive eye examination, including subjective and objective refraction and stereoscopic fun

18 A combined subjective and objective wireless monitoring program of

19 Subjective and quantitative assessment of (18)F-FDG PET

20 for each topic, the nature of the article is subjective and systematic and is based on the authors' e

21 verage quality, but those evaluations can be subjective and time demanding.

22 criteria of floppy eyelid syndrome are often subjective and vague.

23 ivation to exert effort for reward is highly subjective and varies considerably across the different

24 be temporally limited, spatially aggregated, subjective, and burdensome for the patient to collect.

25 he diagnosis of low-grade dysplasia (LGD) is subjective, and reported outcomes vary.

26 suggest that risk and benefit are inherently subjective, and risk taking is best understood as the in

27 young adults, 24-h SER transiently elevated subjective appetite and marginally increased energy inta

28 Subjective appetite ratings were obtained from visual an

29 hildren with overweight and obesity improved subjective appetite ratings.

30 pid concentrations, carbohydrate metabolism, subjective appetite, and gut hormones in healthy women.

31 from metacognitive processes that provide a subjective assessment about one's beliefs.

32 d fraught by issues of sampling bias and the subjective assessment of dysplasia.

33 Critical Care Pain Observation Tool and the subjective assessments and objective measurements were b

34 is still difficult, and generally, relies on subjective assessments.

35 dly in their timescales, in their effects on subjective awareness, and in individual differences.

36 e intelligibility of sentences in noise, and subjective benefit, for people with high-frequency heari

37 Identifying how stress reactivity shapes subjective biases in decisions about emotional ambiguity

38 Marburger Hautfragebogen questionnaire), (3) subjective burden by symptoms of the disease (Skindex-29

39 l improvements across the full objective and subjective burden of illness chain of severe allergic as

40 re is little information about how much of a subjective burden these constitute for the donors.

41 st that CT-optimal, affective touch enhances subjective (but not behavioural) self-face recognition d

42 Primary 6-month outcomes were subjective change measured from 0% to 100% using a 10-po

43 C activity did not change in proportion with subjective choice uncertainty.

44 omedial prefrontal cortex activity reflected subjective choice values during decision-making just as

45 se as a function of confidence, and signaled subjective choices regardless of truth.

46 action questionnaires, clinical photography, subjective clinical improvement, light microscopy, melan

47 regnancy disorders have been associated with subjective cognitive complaints or brain white-matter le

48 with either objective cognitive deficits or subjective cognitive complaints were randomized to recei

49 cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) after using the W sco

50 y to explore associations between reports of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and biomarkers of ear

51 2 patients with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline from the Swedish BioFINDER

52 Subjective cognitive decline is indicative of accumulati

53 d cognitive impairment, and 40 controls with subjective cognitive decline was analyzed using multiple

54 Subjective cognitive decline was measured using a previo

55 this depended on baseline cognitive status (subjective cognitive decline: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.57,

56 ubstitution Test before and after treatment; subjective cognitive function was assessed using the Per

57 atients initially diagnosed as having MCI or subjective cognitive impairment (SCI).

58 nt in alumni athletes in the context of high subjective complaints and psychiatric impairment.

59 There was no correlation between subjective complaints and serological histamine paramete

60 arm-Fragebogen, RDF), as well as the Giessen Subjective Complaints List (GBB-24) and the Hospital Anx

61 that the stove is on) with no difference in subjective confidence (or doubt).

62 sy in metacognition studies concerns whether subjective confidence directly reflects the reliability

63 Subjective confidence reports tightly followed the predi

64 the neurocomputational mechanisms underlying subjective cost-benefit valuation across different domai

65 best explained by a later emergence of these subjective costs in the OCD group, also evident in an in

66 are based largely on ad hoc assumptions and subjective criteria.

67 Arm perometry and subjective data were collected preoperatively and at reg

68 PER2::LUC bioluminescence rhythm during the subjective day and phase-delays in the late subjective n

69 ht were stronger at subjective night than in subjective day.

70 The subjective decision times (tSDs) were faster on trials w

71 regards the comparison between objective and subjective density values, the HRCT-based visual density

72 minologies of ovary development, by somewhat subjective describing and naming main changes of oocytes

73 Aniseikonia was determined by subjective description and results of the Awaya new anis

74 ch overcomes the drawbacks inherent with the subjective diagnostic methods.

75 frontal aphasias, including agrammatism and subjective difficulties with speech perception.

76 tive measures, but not between objective and subjective domains.

77 rouped into: objective (e.g., HbA1c levels), subjective (e.g., self-efficacy), and health behaviors (

78 Subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due

79 We estimated the impact of subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due

80 We investigated the relationship between subjective economic deterioration and housing damage due

81 IGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Tolerance to cocaine's subjective effects is a cardinal symptom of cocaine addi

82 ips between breath alcohol concentration and subjective effects of alcohol were also moderated by ghr

83 ahuasca users and comparison drug users; and subjective effects of ayahuasca and comparison drugs.

84 Abusers consistently show reduced subjective effects of cocaine concomitant with reduced e

85 The subjective effects of LSD are fully blocked by a 5-HT2A

86 Subjective effects of oxycodone and drug craving were me

87 serotonin- releasing properties, has unique subjective effects that include: marked positive mood, p

88 Ayahuasca's acute subjective effects usually lasted for six hours and were

89 rchase Task (CPT), and validated measures of subjective effects, such as the Minnesota Nicotine Withd

90 ohol use in ayahuasca users, and ayahuasca's subjective effects.

91 ve and physical effort exertion by computing subjective effort equivalents.

92 erwise puzzling combination of objective and subjective elements that it does as well as showing how

93 Amygdala stimulation elicited no subjective emotional response but led to reliably improv

94 mages of neutral objects without eliciting a subjective emotional response.

95 onal modelling, we show that a participant's subjective emotional state reflects not only the impact

96 Furthermore, negative subjective emotional states were associated both with th

97 e in thirst was associated with a decline in subjective energy and increased anxiety and depression,

98 tive (observable motor activity) and related subjective (energy) levels.

99 ate-decision maker and patient self-reported subjective estimates of distance walked.

100 duration in time) should interfere with the subjective estimation of another magnitude dimension (e.

101 Just as in the lower airways, objective and subjective evaluation gives different information that t

102 al prefrontal cortex region disrupted normal subjective evaluation of choices during decision-making.

103 Social interaction inherently involves the subjective evaluation of cues salient to social inclusio

104 iagnosis, and monitoring that do not require subjective evaluation of fundus images.

105 history of cognitive dysfunction experience subjective executive difficulties during menopause.

106 racking objective performance (accuracy) and subjective experience (ratings of target visibility and

107 calming effect on physiological arousal and subjective experience during a socially stressful situat

108 hlights PFC's essential role in enabling the subjective experience in perception, contra the objectiv

109 The brain structures that support subjective experience in vertebrates and insects are ver

110 cally-modulated neural dynamics predicts the subjective experience of a rhythmically modulated sound

111 rhythmia include critical illness itself and subjective experience of distress and pain.

112 r lifestyles, it remains unclear whether the subjective experience of low socioeconomic status may al

113 onal and cognitive capacities supporting the subjective experience of sentiments, rather than on disc

114 tween the brain mechanisms that generate the subjective experience of voluntary actions and social co

115 quired by the experimental tasks rather than subjective experience per se.

116 Subjective experience suggests that we are able to direc

117 such as amusement better capture reports of subjective experience than commonly measured affective d

118 for the most basic aspect of consciousness: subjective experience.

119 Emotions are centered in subjective experiences that people represent, in part, w

120 meta-analysis of the studies discussed in a subjective fashion.

121 terminology, it remains unclear whether the subjective feeling of confidence is related to the objec

122 ion tendencies with emotional experience and subjective feelings [10, 12, 13].

123 regulating appetite may also be sensitive to subjective feelings of deprivation for critical nonfood

124 The combination of subjective fever and cough had a 63% sensitivity for LCI

125 tients were grouped as febrile if they had a subjective fever or a measured temperature >100.4 degree

126 ic inference methods for such models rely on subjective filtering and suffer from scalability issues,

127 The visual acuity, subjective glare and photophobia reduction, anatomic out

128 ntification score was associated with higher subjective global assessment score and lower serum total

129 Preoperative Subjective Global Assessment undernourishment (beta-esti

130 Subjective Global Assessment, handgrip strength, multifr

131 sus a palatable meal, and independent of the subjective hedonic responses to feeding.

132 design study focusing on the standard stress subjective, hormonal and cardiovascular measures.

133 tines, meal timing did not affect rhythms of subjective hunger and sleepiness, master clock markers (

134 chanism involved in this association between subjective hunger feelings and gastrointestinal motility

135 nc and Async conditions resulted in a strong subjective illusion of body ownership and agency over th

136 t of stepwise-reduced doses on objective and subjective image parameters and on oncologic readings in

137 lumen attenuation increase ratio (SAIR), and subjective image quality score were measured and compare

138 Subjective image quality was evaluated with a masked rea

139 Subjective image quality was stable over a range between

140 Reduction in size of lesions as well as subjective improvement of symptoms.

141 g 95% limits of agreement in those reporting subjective improvement vs those who did not.

142 ed to determine whether the patient reported subjective improvement.

143 e and specific, it is also labour intensive, subjective in analysis, and unable to screen a large num

144 ned to examine the influence of ibudilast on subjective (including drug craving), reinforcing, and an

145 a global approach in which 30 objective and subjective indicators of working conditions were tested

146 ment (HR, 1.05 per millimeter; P = .016) and subjective inflammation severity (HR, 1.29 per category;

147 nces by law enforcement relies solely on the subjective interpretation of color change using drug- or

148 these tools hope to reduce the influence of subjective judgment of supervising physicians.

149 eople to reveal private information, such as subjective judgments (e.g., "Are you satisfied with your

150 tions, inherent to manual analysis, as being subjective, labor-intensive, slow, and often incapable o

151 g acute coronary syndrome were influenced by subjective life experiences and individual, sociocultura

152 We hope that this (non-exhaustive and subjective) list of problems, nominated by scientists an

153 m stylometry and machine learning to address subjective literary critical questions about Latin liter

154 We use subjective logic theory to combine multiple uncertainty

155 formance may therefore hold promise as a non-subjective measure of individual anxious responding.

156 owed trait-like stability in performance and subjective measures (82-95% across measures).

157 Twelve studies examined subjective measures and 11 assessed the effects on healt

158 ine and offline social networks with several subjective measures of well-being.

159 s objective measures, and consistency across subjective measures, but not between objective and subje

160 nd manifested similarly across objective and subjective measures, the sustained effect was limited to

161 nts with weak convergence from objective and subjective measures.

162 ncy, and calculation as well as a measure of subjective memory ("How would you rate your memory at th

163 men met criteria for AAMI based on baseline subjective memory complaints and objective memory perfor

164 , family history of dementia, vascular risk, subjective memory concerns, and baseline cognitive perfo

165 ntly increased risk, as did lower education, subjective memory concerns, poorer baseline cognitive pe

166 Subjective memory decline (SMD) is a heterogeneous condi

167 rior TBI with LOC were more likely to report subjective memory impairment compared to those without T

168 ciated with significantly increased risk for subjective memory impairment in models adjusted for demo

169 Sensitivity analyses revealed that risk of subjective memory impairment was increased only among re

170 ent for active depression, however, risk for subjective memory impairment was no longer significant (

171 Furthermore, the risk of subjective memory impairment was significantly greater a

172 ients initially diagnosed as unknown or with subjective memory impairment who were later rediagnosed

173 of patients with aMCI/AD from patients with subjective memory impairment with a sensitivity of 0.79

174 s presenting to GPs had objective as well as subjective memory problems and therefore should have bee

175 iseases and having no reported impairment of subjective memory, physical impairment, or mental health

176 onal and response bias, to which traditional subjective methods are prone.

177 bject and visuospatial performance better at subjective midday and olfactory performance better at su

178 e midday and olfactory performance better at subjective midnight.

179 Subjective mood, satiety, and circulating hormone levels

180 purely selected ones described before, that subjective nasal hyper-reactivity is a good predictor of

181 between pathologists is difficult due to the subjective nature of grading assessment.

182 Given the subjective nature of LO decisions and the inherent optim

183 The subjective nature of this recommendation contributes to

184 ical analysis is additionally limited by the subjective nature of this technique.

185 s have been limited by their qualitative and subjective nature.

186 neurons, responses to light were stronger at subjective night than in subjective day.

187 s of corazonin only advanced during the late subjective night, it was hypothesized that corazonin is

188 subjective day and phase-delays in the late subjective night.

189 This process is subjective, nonquantitative, and error-prone.

190 ied odor identification, odor threshold, and subjective odor perception in a cohort (n=161) comprisin

191 , 3.97 [SE, .23]; F2,170 = 3.6, P = .03) and Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) score (taper m

192 FST provides a photoreceptor-based subjective outcome; and OCT in 2 retinal regions, fovea

193 nd on the physical hand position but also on subjective ownership, which itself is based on the synch

194 postoperative complications, mortality rate, subjective pain measurements, opioid use, random C-pepti

195 sions are an intriguing phenomenon, in which subjective perception consistently misjudges the objecti

196 (2) Could there be differences in the subjective perception of the same risk as either intrins

197 videos bring both neural processing and the subjective perception of time into synchrony.

198 onditioning procedure to investigate whether subjective perception of treatment effectiveness changes

199 isconceptions: (1) PFC lesions do not affect subjective perception; (2) PFC activity does not reflect

200 learning, and show evidence of divergence in subjective, physiological, and behavioral measures of co

201 Subjective pleasantness ratings and skin conductance res

202 rebral opioid release even in the absence of subjective pleasure associated with feeding, suggesting

203 s, we used behavioural responses to estimate subjective predictions under an ideal-observer model.

204 e, but there is rarely consensus on what the subjective prior beliefs should be.

205 ectious disease outbreak currently rely on a subjective process involving surveillance and expert opi

206 mory, conformity effects, differences in the subjective propensity to produce distortions, and variat

207 anisms by which acupuncture impacts accepted subjective/psychological and objective/physiological out

208 e as assessed by the treating dermatologist, subjective quality of life as reported by the patient, a

209 d alleviation of pain), adverse effects, and subjective quality of life were monitored throughout the

210 d mesopic conditions; and a questionnaire on subjective quality of vision, optical phenomena, and spe

211 The separation of objective tests from subjective questionnaires, and patient from carer rating

212 ed scores on neuropsychological measures and subjective rating scales.

213 ts also completed a peer feedback task where subjective ratings following peer 'acceptance' or 'rejec

214 Pupil diameter change was not related to subjective ratings of attractiveness, but was positively

215 Furthermore, mean subjective ratings of pain were lower in the active ibud

216 Recall of picture-word associations and subjective ratings of pleasantness and arousal in respon

217 Food craving was indicated with subjective ratings of visual cues of high-calorie food.

218 Cognitive performance outcomes and subjective ratings showed consistency across objective m

219 Sixty-seven (18%) children reported a subjective reaction without objective findings.

220 re those that do not fulfill the - naturally subjective -"reactive"-criterion of the rPBC.

221 brain function - how the brain constructs a subjective reality using assumptions based on relatively

222 posterior segment examination, objective and subjective refraction, and assessment of heterophoria, v

223 ess (LT), corneal power (CP), noncycloplegic subjective refraction, and lens nuclear opalescence (NOP

224 tection analysis of confidence judgments and subjective 'remember' judgments.

225 tion provides compelling evidence that these subjective reports correspond to the terminating process

226 calming effect on physiological arousal and subjective reports of state anxiety during the anticipat

227 presence or absence of consciousness through subjective reports, and then applying the same index to

228 ty of obtaining independent evidence through subjective reports.

229 initial elevation bias in all research using subjective reports.

230 The effects are specific to subjective resource access, not objective measures of ac

231 f IBUD (50 mg b.i.d.) on primary measures of subjective response to alcohol as well as secondary meas

232 no medication effects on primary measures of subjective response to alcohol.

233 Third, a blunted subjective response to peer acceptance (ie, neutral resp

234 positive feedback), but not a more negative subjective response to peer rejection, contributed to an

235 of inhibitory control and sensitivity to the subjective rewarding effects of amphetamine in humans.

236 l Bayesian computational model revealed that subjective sampling costs arose as a non-linear function

237 cal anastomosis and rated visualization on a subjective scale.

238 response to an acute stress manipulation and subjective scores on a questionnaire assessing recent ch

239 Results Absolute subjective scores were moderate to good for survivors.

240 ions testing objective knowledge of GM food, subjective, self-reported knowledge declines somewhat, a

241 No subjective sensation of involuntary tetanus was reported

242 ctions, which relate the physical stimuli to subjective sensations, were nonlinear.

243 nitoring of those computations, leading to a subjective sense of certainty or error (C2, consciousnes

244 However, in order to preserve a subjective sense of continuity, it is important that the

245 social relationships, purpose in life, and a subjective sense of flourishing, was assessed using the

246 onclusion Maximum colonic wall thickness and subjective severity of acute diverticulitis allow predic

247 of a complication (HR, 1.75; P = .002), and subjective severity of inflammation (HR, 1.36 for every

248 whereas two patients (15.4%) withdrew due to subjective side-effects at first dose.

249 Subjective sleepiness, melatonin and cortisol were asses

250 All groups had similar scores for subjective smell assessment.

251 ns, and heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and subjective stimulatory, pleasurable and aversive respons

252 nd that both acute physiological and chronic subjective stress are associated with greater overexploi

253 ated with objective (anatomical patency) and subjective (symptomatic cure) success rates within the d

254 fter each injection, and volunteers reported subjective symptoms.

255 ntrast sensitivity and glare is an important subjective test, which is affected in forme fruste patie

256 rate, blood pressure, and sweat testing) and subjective testing of pain.

257 This paradigm resulted in the acquisition of subjective threat, threat-conditioned defensive response

258 manual grading, which is time consuming, and subjective; thus, automated algorithms are highly desira

259 , such map interpretation is disappointingly subjective, time-consuming and methodologically unsound.

260 that PPC is a critical region mediating the subjective use of history in biasing action selection.

261 usly present and highlight the importance of subjective utility for such modulation.

262 Subjective utility of the stimuli involved moderated the

263 Such decisions are a function of the subjective utility of the stimuli involved, i.e. the rel

264 Subjective utility of the stimuli was assessed by a matc

265 es of motivational conflicts and the role of subjective utility, we implemented a task in which healt

266 elf-related processing - self-reflection and subjective valuation - and examine coherent activity bet

267 st time that the attraction effect modulates subjective valuation even in the absence of choice.

268 overview of evidence for the central role of subjective valuation in persuasion and social influence

269 n turn, arise from changes in the receiver's subjective valuation of objects, ideas, and behaviors.

270 ommunicate information are determined by the subjective value a communicator expects to gain from sha

271 emperature,' determining the degree to which subjective value differences between options influence p

272 The notion of subjective value is central to choice theories in ecolog

273 Subjective value is often assumed to be an absolute quan

274 We hypothesised that the mPFC represents the subjective value of elements during autobiographical mem

275 ys that neurons encoding the identity or the subjective value of particular goods in a given context

276 he striatum, brain areas known to encode the subjective value of the decision alternatives.

277 Psychopathy was associated with stronger subjective value-related activity within the nucleus acc

278 strength was negatively correlated with NAcc subjective value-related activity; however, this putativ

279 inating in the ventral tegmental area encode subjective value.

280 er and then pick the option with the highest subjective value.

281 estion of where in the brain and how exactly subjective values are compared to make a decision.

282 Current evidence suggests that subjective values are normalized with respect to the dis

283 tion of neuroeconomics has been to show that subjective values are represented explicitly at the neur

284 on task in human participants, we found that subjective values can be predicted from beliefs about co

285 Decision dynamics are affected by subjective values of available options and thus provide

286 nce between the chosen and unchosen options' subjective values, and that activity was best described

287 we choose between goods that have different subjective values, like apples and oranges?

288 or entails the computation and comparison of subjective values.

289 adolescents were evaluated for clinical and subjective variables.

290 ; odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1-6.7) and subjective VI (beta = -5.3; 95% CI, -8.0 to -2.6; OR, 2.

291 ognize patterns of morphology, it is still a subjective visual assessment.

292 ectroretinography, provide an alternative to subjective visual field testing but are not yet ready fo

293 e such analysis less time consuming and less subjective, we have designed and implemented a toolkit f

294 .87; 95% CI, 0.32-1.42) and a lower level of subjective well-being (beta = -0.94; 95% CI, -1.46 to -0

295 ide association studies of three phenotypes: subjective well-being (n = 298,420), depressive symptoms

296 disorder (MDD; r g = 0.69, s.e. = 0.07) and subjective well-being (r g = -0.68, s.e = 0.03) alongsi

297 disorder (MDD; r g = 0.69, s.e. = 0.07) and subjective well-being (r g = -0.68, s.e. = 0.03) alongsi

298 We identify 3 variants associated with subjective well-being, 2 variants associated with depres

299 a published genome-wide association study of subjective well-being.

300 of skills is associated with wealth, income, subjective wellbeing, less depression, low social isolat