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1 ders of magnitude from shady woods to direct sunlight.
2 excellent stability under heat and simulated sunlight.
3 dly power generation using the energy of the sunlight.
4  attributable to PD following re-exposure to sunlight.
5 UVA, 320-400 nm), the oxidizing component of sunlight.
6 radation of both lampricides under simulated sunlight.
7 lphenol in stormflow samples under simulated sunlight.
8  absorber layer that dynamically responds to sunlight.
9 gans (e.g., hypocotyls) to enhance access to sunlight.
10 hemical fuels (e.g., hydrogen) directly from sunlight.
11  47 studies on musical intervention and 1 on sunlight.
12 ge for the generation of chemical fuels from sunlight.
13  QDs can also be carried out simply by using sunlight.
14 al for the production of hydrogen fuel using sunlight.
15 lar absorber, under the sun, is heated up by sunlight.
16 er, they degrade under prolonged exposure to sunlight.
17 ization can occur via processes unrelated to sunlight.
18 es for electricity generation that relies on sunlight.
19 ll death induced by UVA radiation or natural sunlight.
20          One such process is the exposure to sunlight.
21 pending on whether or not they are in direct sunlight.
22 following exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) in sunlight.
23 regulate auxin signaling and plant growth in sunlight.
24 n dioxide and water into chemical fuel using sunlight.
25 s were conducted under simulated and natural sunlight.
26 lene blue (MB) dye degradation under natural sunlight.
27 low the ambient air temperature under direct sunlight.
28 mps, which are cooked and dried under direct sunlight.
29 pic complexes of pigment molecules to absorb sunlight.
30 high photocatalytic activity under simulated sunlight.
31 rier toward respective contacts under direct sunlight.
32 rongly emit thermal energy and barely absorb sunlight.
33  to disrupt the natural entrainment with the sunlight.
34 d at 27.0 degrees C and exposed to simulated sunlight.
35 synthesis secondary to decreased exposure to sunlight.
36 ermits the collection of a large fraction of sunlight.
37  deleterious effects of the UVA component of sunlight.
38 ges were not significantly different between sunlight (1.09 +/- 0.09 day(-1)) and shaded treatments (
39 atic coliphages were significantly higher in sunlight (1.29 +/- 0.06 day(-1)) than in shade (0.96 +/-
40  When sand patties were exposed to simulated sunlight, a larger concentration of dissolved organic ca
41 condensation nuclei and radiative heating by sunlight-absorbing aerosols can modify the thickness and
42  BDS-emitted particles were, therefore, more sunlight-absorbing: the average single scattering albedo
43 atively low PCEs of 4%-6% due to the limited sunlight absorption because it is a dilemma that more ph
44 chromophores are significant contributors to sunlight absorption in snowpack; however, DOM photochemi
45 lackbody preserves or even slightly enhances sunlight absorption, but reduces the temperature of the
46                        The UV wavelengths in sunlight also introduce DNA damage in the form of cyclob
47 fferences in water transparency and incident sunlight alter the ability of UV to inactivate waterborn
48 radiation (using either a UV photoreactor or sunlight) alters the nature of the disulfide groups in t
49 nfants and randomly assigned 224 to filtered sunlight and 223 to conventional phototherapy.
50 ly matching the spectrum of both downwelling sunlight and bioluminescence.
51 ganisms, chemoautotrophs can fix CO2 without sunlight and can glean energy through the oxidation of r
52 erials for generation of chemical fuels from sunlight and demonstrates our high-throughput theory-exp
53 es utilize two photoabsorbers to harvest the sunlight and drive the water splitting reaction.
54 l cells, which are responsible for absorbing sunlight and driving water splitting reactions.
55 ly 75.8% and 58.3%, respectively, identified sunlight and family heritage as risk factors for losing
56    Under ambient conditions, we predict that sunlight and fluorescent lights will photolyze HONO to f
57 st lamps can photolyze these molecules, only sunlight and fluorescent tubes will be important to room
58                 The arguments for converting sunlight and H2O to H2 to provide cleaner fuels and chem
59 rred in 5% of the infants receiving filtered sunlight and in 1% of those receiving conventional photo
60 (20-25 degrees C) in daylight without direct sunlight and in darkness in a refrigerator at 4 degrees
61 o UVA, a major component of the radiation in sunlight and in tanning beds.
62                  Reduced exposure to daytime sunlight and increased exposure to electrical lighting a
63 n into the atmosphere, the soot is heated by sunlight and lofted to great heights, resulting in a wor
64 developmental cassava leaves under both full sunlight and natural shade conditions.
65    The HR for joint exposure >/= 1 hr/day of sunlight and one VDR haplotype was less than expected gi
66 ts suffer from burning pain upon exposure to sunlight and other patients undergoing photodynamic ther
67 , and transient events driven by exposure to sunlight and other processes.
68 ith mechanical stress during/after simulated sunlight and rain degradation of polyethylene (PE) with
69                           The seasonality of sunlight and rainfall regulates net primary production i
70  ophthalmic lenses that darken quickly under sunlight and revert to the uncolored state after several
71 sure difference between zones illuminated by sunlight and those in shadow.
72 is CBDA showed outstanding stability both in sunlight and upon heating.
73 t of external stimuli, including exposure to sunlight and vitamin D.
74   Here, we report that coexposure to natural sunlight and WAF significantly reduced percent hatch in
75 hotolyzed within leaf tissue under simulated sunlight, and [(15)N2]DNAN yielded (15)NO2(-) in leaves.
76 ome of bacteriophage MS2 to UV254, simulated sunlight, and singlet oxygen ((1)O2) and analyzed the ol
77    The two main paths to power vehicles with sunlight are to use photosynthesis to grow biomass, conv
78 NP alone and in combination with NO-NP using sunlight as a trigger.
79 thus demonstrates a new approach for storing sunlight as long-lived radicals, and provides the struct
80 Converting CO2 into valuable compounds using sunlight as the energy input and an earth-abundant metal
81                 Photosynthetic organisms use sunlight as the primary source of energy to support thei
82 d in pure water exposed to simulated natural sunlight at a constant irradiance value (500 W m(-2)) du
83 ditions by using low-grade heat from natural sunlight at a flux of less than 1 sun (1 kilowatt per sq
84 allow the photosynthetic organism to harvest sunlight at different wavelengths to enhance light energ
85 ting global warming by artificially reducing sunlight at Earth's surface.
86 tocatalyst (OEP) are suited to harvesting of sunlight because semiconductors with either water reduct
87 , under foliar shade, where access to direct sunlight becomes important, the phototropic response was
88 hotosynthesis is initiated by the capture of sunlight by a network of light-absorbing molecules (chro
89                            The absorption of sunlight by electrocatalysts is a severe problem for tan
90 virus) and indirect processes (adsorption of sunlight by external chromophores, which subsequently ge
91 hotosynthesis in plants is the absorption of sunlight by pigments in the antenna complexes of photosy
92 waterborne viruses via direct (absorption of sunlight by the virus) and indirect processes (adsorptio
93 aqueous phase under oil exposed to simulated sunlight by using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) deri
94 e, it is found that part of short wavelength sunlight can be converted into polarization electrical f
95 ous inexpensive sources of UV light and even sunlight can be used to achieve this C-C bond formation
96                However, absorption of excess sunlight can damage the photosynthetic machinery and lim
97                                       UVR in sunlight causes mutations that drive basal cell carcinom
98 naging strategies have focused on optimizing sunlight collection, sunlight filtration, and light deli
99 te levels are 10% lower for films exposed to sunlight compared to those that were shielded from direc
100  presence or absence of H2O2 under simulated sunlight conditions.
101 al fate of GO under environmentally relevant sunlight conditions.
102 and indirect photoreactivity of SWCNTs under sunlight conditions.
103 th 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in the SUNLIGHT consortium (n=33 996), then tested them for pos
104 were exposed to three radiation levels: a no-sunlight control, ambient solar UV-B, and artificially e
105                         Compared with the no-sunlight control, UV-B radiation increased the mass loss
106  the wheat and maize straws compared with no-sunlight control.
107 tic system that directly produces fuels from sunlight could provide an approach to scalable energy st
108 ple, open-water cells can be used to promote sunlight disinfection and remove pathogenic viruses from
109                          Crop leaves in full sunlight dissipate damaging excess absorbed light energy
110                              Under simulated sunlight, DMB forms a triplet excited state that rapidly
111                                              Sunlight-driven CO2 reduction is a promising way to clos
112 compared to planar devices, resulting in the sunlight-driven evolution of CO at large current densiti
113  of electrochemical processes with renewable sunlight-driven ion transport.
114     The results reported herein suggest that sunlight-driven reactions of RHS with DOM may play a sig
115                                              Sunlight-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel
116 sociated with leaf phenology) increased with sunlight during dry seasons (consistent with light but n
117  used in combination with the utilization of sunlight, enabling new technological capabilities.
118          Finding a convenient way to convert sunlight energy into chemical energy is a key step towar
119 exposure to ultraviolet radiation as natural sunlight enhances the toxicity of crude oil to embryonic
120 n in industrial and commercial settings; and sunlight entering buildings through windows.
121 rradiation equivalent to 2 months in natural sunlight, even in the presence of dissolved oxygen.
122                       When exposed to direct sunlight exceeding 850 watts per square metre on a rooft
123                       After 5 h of simulated sunlight exposure (5100 J/m(2) UVB and 1.2 x 10(5) J/m(2
124 n the mtDNA ones; increasing temperature and sunlight exposure accelerated significantly the decay of
125 vidence suggests a negative relation between sunlight exposure and breast cancer risk.
126 y be directly under the influence of ambient sunlight exposure and may have important implications fo
127 until approximately 30,000 hours of lifetime sunlight exposure and then plateaus.
128 d in non-carbonated waters, we conclude that sunlight exposure has no effect.
129                     Here we show how and why sunlight exposure impacts microbial respiration of DOC d
130                             The influence of sunlight exposure of grape clusters on juice and wine co
131                    The generalized effect of sunlight exposure on subsequent microbial activity, medi
132 e to inadequate vitamin D supply either from sunlight exposure or diet is the main cause.
133  in natural biofilm samples decreased during sunlight exposure similar to well-defined bacterial phos
134 ; directly associated with time outdoors and sunlight exposure), serum vitamin D concentrations, and
135 viewed to determine smoking and alcohol use, sunlight exposure, and diet; underwent fundus photograph
136 aware about its aggravation with smoking and sunlight exposure, respectively.
137 dicate that GO phototransforms rapidly under sunlight exposure, resulting in chemically reduced and p
138 such as the diurnal cycles of light and day, sunlight exposure, seasons, and geographic characteristi
139 resulting device, after 15 min of artificial sunlight exposure, the change in color of the patch was
140 cal composition of each DOM source following sunlight exposure.
141  were positively correlated to the increased sunlight exposure.
142 e focused on optimizing sunlight collection, sunlight filtration, and light delivery throughout the e
143  via a solar process which uses concentrated sunlight for both photochemical excitation to generate h
144 We previously found that the use of filtered sunlight for the purpose of phototherapy is a safe and e
145 llected before sunrise or exposed to ambient sunlight from sunrise to sunset.
146 ng the UK Biobank Resource and data from the SUNLIGHT, GABRIEL and EAGLE Eczema consortia.
147 ta from the UK Biobank resource and from the SUNLIGHT, GABRIEL and EAGLE eczema consortia.
148 ation of TeDB-DiPhOBz and BDE-209 by natural sunlight generates byproducts that affect in vitro expre
149                                          The sunlight/H2O2 process has recently been considered as a
150                   Accordingly, in this study sunlight/H2O2 was used as disinfection/oxidation treatme
151 s, and architectural features providing more sunlight had positive effects on anxiety and postoperati
152               Water vapor generation through sunlight harvesting and heat localization by carbon-base
153 exibility improvement but also contribute to sunlight harvesting enhancement.
154 s with direct energy band gaps for effective sunlight harvesting.
155                                              Sunlight has important biological effects in human skin.
156 ce regarding positive effects of exposure to sunlight has led to suggestions that current advice may
157 ture below ambient of a surface under direct sunlight has not been achieved because sky access during
158 pulation, outdoor lifestyle, and exposure to sunlight has played a role in this unwanted result.
159 to produce a strong, undesired reflection of sunlight, high-index nanostructures afford new ways to m
160  potential solutions is water splitting with sunlight (hnu-WS) that is also associated with "artifici
161 ion of bacteria under both visible light and sunlight illumination compared with the widely used TiO2
162  rapidly inactivates MS2 bacteriophage under sunlight illumination, oxidizes various organic contamin
163 ing the 2010 spill and gradations of natural sunlight in a fully factorial design.
164 rogen peroxide on irradiation with simulated sunlight in a manner consistent with that reported for t
165 he reduction of carbon dioxide by water with sunlight in an artificial system offers an opportunity f
166 ent coupling of incoherent, spectrally broad sunlight in small gain volumes should allow the generati
167 eases the valuable ecosystem service wherein sunlight inactivates waterborne pathogens.
168                                              Sunlight inactivates waterborne viruses via direct (abso
169                                              Sunlight inactivation is an important mode of disinfecti
170 d agreement between modeled and observed MS2 sunlight inactivation rates in the summer and winter, su
171                          Models that predict sunlight inactivation rates of bacteria are valuable too
172  numerical models to estimate the endogenous sunlight inactivation rates of E. coli and enterococci.
173                               The endogenous sunlight inactivation rates of MS2 coliphage in photosen
174                Dark skin and low exposure to sunlight increase the risk of vitamin D insufficiency in
175                                              Sunlight induced photoreduction of oxidized Hg to gaseou
176                                              Sunlight-induced C to T mutation hot spots in skin cance
177                                              Sunlight-induced C to T mutation hotspots in skin cancer
178                                 Mutations in sunlight-induced melanoma arise from cyclobutane pyrimid
179 loped to detect and characterize preclinical sunlight-induced ocular damage.
180 1 expression was high in clinical samples of sunlight-induced premalignant skin lesions assessed by i
181 otide excision repair (NER) protects against sunlight-induced skin cancer.
182 s investigated, demonstrating the ability of sunlight-initiated reactions to build molecular complexi
183 ysts is a relatively new approach to convert sunlight into a fuel such as H2 and is based on the self
184 es in the cell and that efficiently converts sunlight into ATP synthesis, operating typically under l
185 photosynthesis is the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy on Earth.
186 tosynthesis in plants converts the energy of sunlight into chemical energy.
187 I and phycobilisomes, to harvest and convert sunlight into chemical energy.
188 photosynthesis is the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy.
189 rganisms capable of converting CO2, H2O, and sunlight into fuel and chemicals for domestic and indust
190                            The conversion of sunlight into fuels and chemicals is an attractive prosp
191 nd a technology that can effectively convert sunlight into fuels and chemicals.
192  have been proposed as a means of converting sunlight into H2 fuel.
193 gh which clocks program energy transfer from sunlight into organic matter and potential energy, in ad
194 on fossil energy resources via conversion of sunlight into sustainable, carbon-neutral fuels.
195                                By converting sunlight into thermal emission tuned to energies directl
196 ead to more efficient devices for converting sunlight into usable energy.
197 nism of accelerated device degradation under sunlight involves thermally activated fast ion transport
198 ft the magnitude or spectral distribution of sunlight irradiance (e.g., different times, latitudes, w
199 d by diurnal and seasonal changes in natural sunlight irradiance.
200 om BDE-209), formed after 21 days of natural sunlight irradiation (SI), were assessed for exposure ef
201 THF)/hexane solvent after 21 days of natural sunlight irradiation (SI).
202                   Sequential combinations of sunlight irradiation and/or washing in seven different d
203                                    UV-vis or sunlight irradiation of these uncolored compounds in sol
204                                              Sunlight irradiation stabilizes metallic Ag upon washing
205 reference natural organic matter (NOM) under sunlight irradiation with the same mass-based concentrat
206 ticularly related to rainfall, humidity, and sunlight irradiation.
207 , in converting CO2 to fuels under simulated sunlight irradiation.
208 -C3N4 and P25, respectively, under simulated sunlight irradiation.
209 as well as in TiO2/MO system under simulated sunlight irradiation.
210                         Under UVA or natural sunlight irradiations, Cys transformation rates were enh
211                                              Sunlight is absorbed and converted to chemical energy by
212                     In green-sulfur bacteria sunlight is absorbed by antenna structures termed chloro
213 lthough a causative element in skin cancers, sunlight is also associated with positive health outcome
214 illuminations corresponding to 1%-5% of full sunlight is calculated to be 0.12-0.04, respectively.
215 ter interactions could drastically alter how sunlight is converted into electricity or fuels.
216 th hazards of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in sunlight is desirable.
217 ls and outdoor structures, the absorption of sunlight is intrinsic for either operational or aestheti
218         Skin exposure to UV wavelengths from sunlight is required for Vitamin D synthesis and pigment
219             Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight is the major effector for skin aging and carcin
220                                              Sunlight is the principal environmental risk factor for
221                                         When sunlight is unavailable, we envision that the stored hyd
222 ompounds in petroleum, following exposure to sunlight, is expected to have significance with regards
223 ajor lesions in DNA formed by exposure to UV sunlight, is repaired in a photoreactivation process, wh
224 dation study of ICM in surface water using a sunlight lab-scale simulator was performed.
225  findings suggest a mechanism whereby UVA in sunlight may contribute to skin carcinogenesis in immuno
226                   On the other hand, intense sunlight may result in overexcitation of the light-harve
227 on that account for endogenous and exogenous sunlight-mediated inactivation mechanisms.
228                    Here, we introduce a new, sunlight-mediated organosilica nanoparticle (NP) system
229 eads in the dynamic ice cover provided added sunlight necessary to initiate and sustain the bloom.
230                                      Natural sunlight offers a cost-efficient and sustainable energy
231    The generation of hydrogen from water and sunlight offers a promising approach for producing scala
232 as a pronounced sensitivity to light (either sunlight or artificial light).
233 e is floral temperature, created by captured sunlight or plant thermogenesis.
234                    Water splitting driven by sunlight or renewable resource-derived electricity has a
235 ined by the light conditions, such as direct sunlight or shade, but are also affected by light-indepe
236 arent TeDB-DiPhOBz (solution 1) with natural sunlight or UV, we prepared three solutions where soluti
237 plex in air at ambient temperature in direct sunlight, or with the aid of an energy-saving lamp.
238 in our planet could have been facilitated by sunlight photochemistry, which played a significant role
239                   The study investigates the sunlight photodegradation process of carminic acid, a na
240 ing products were detected upon experimental sunlight photolysis of the pharmaceutical carbamazepine
241                                              Sunlight photolysis of uranyl nitrate and uranyl acetate
242 isms experience rapid and extreme changes in sunlight, potentially causing deleterious effects on pho
243        Photosynthesis is responsible for the sunlight-powered conversion of carbon dioxide and water
244                                     Although sunlight provides the energy necessary for plants to sur
245                    As a result, little or no sunlight reaches the surface for over a year, such that
246 l tuberculosis-affected households and daily sunlight records obtained.
247 ) have a significant impact on the amount of sunlight reflected back to space, with important implica
248  foregrounds like the Earth's atmosphere and sunlight reflected from local interplanetary dust, and l
249 nd spacious architecture with wide access to sunlight remains poorly explored in surgery.
250 t to these technologies, with unconcentrated sunlight requires spectrally selective absorbers with ex
251                                              Sunlight significantly increases or decreases microbial
252                                          The sunlight simulator was shown to be the most suitable mod
253 R) spectroscopy: sample irradiation using a "sunlight simulator" outside the magnet versus direct irr
254 y by low-bandgap ferroelectrics suitable for sunlight spectrum absorption and original photovoltaic e
255 ressure ultraviolet (UV) light and simulated sunlight (SS) activated free chlorine (FC) in different
256      When placed on a silicon absorber under sunlight, such a blackbody preserves or even slightly en
257   Combining data and modelling, we show that sunlight switches and tunes the balance between net biol
258  less susceptible to full-spectrum simulated sunlight than the laboratory bacteria, highlighting the
259  is 10 to 100 times more abundant in natural sunlight than UV-B irradiation and penetrates deeper int
260 (UV) radiation, the ubiquitous carcinogen in sunlight that causes skin cancer.
261  with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level from SUNLIGHT, the largest (n = 33,996) genome-wide associati
262 droxide (pH 14) in the presence of simulated sunlight, the NiOx films stabilized all of these self-pa
263 plants plays a key role in the absorption of sunlight, the regulation of photosynthesis, and in preve
264 umination condition equivalent to 1% of full sunlight, the vesicle exhibits an ATP production rate of
265 d states by PV cells for regulating incoming sunlight through windows.
266                 Tropical areas have abundant sunlight throughout the year for microalgal cultivation
267 eliver equal, optimally efficient "doses" of sunlight to all cells in a photobioreactor system, while
268    Artificial photosynthesis, which utilizes sunlight to create high-value chemicals from abundant re
269                                   The use of sunlight to drive organic reactions constitutes a green
270 tificial photosynthetic system that converts sunlight to electricity and H(2) via water electrolysis.
271  by plants, algae and cyanobacteria converts sunlight to energy thus sustaining all higher life on Ea
272 esize molecules the way that plants do-using sunlight to facilitate the construction of complex molec
273 anisms support cell metabolism by harvesting sunlight to fuel the photosynthetic electron transport.
274                 Harvesting solar energy from sunlight to generate electricity is considered as one of
275    Natural photosynthesis uses the energy in sunlight to oxidize or reduce reaction centres multiple
276  to design solar cell by sacrificing part of sunlight to provide "extra" asymmetrical field continuou
277 ditions of ambient illumination, from bright sunlight to single-photon counting under dim starlight.
278  (17beta-TBOH) occurred readily in simulated sunlight to yield hydrated products with incorporated H(
279 ism by which ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of sunlight trigger or exacerbate the symptoms of the autoi
280 ' concept for permeability, ready uptake and sunlight-triggered release of T6P in planta.
281                                           In sunlight, Trp photooxidation is dominated by the reactio
282 s how these systems are optimized to capture sunlight under physiological conditions.
283 ge may contribute to the negative effects of sunlight UV exposure in patients with autoimmune disorde
284 l-to-single crystal fashion upon exposure to sunlight/UV irradiation.
285 nts perceive UV-B, an intrinsic component of sunlight, via a signaling pathway that is mediated by th
286 O2 and H2O2, hydroxyl radical scavenger, and sunlight was assessed by an experimental-modeling approa
287 olled noninferiority trial in which filtered sunlight was compared with conventional phototherapy for
288                                     Filtered sunlight was efficacious on 93% of treatment days that c
289                                     Filtered sunlight was noninferior to conventional phototherapy fo
290  (e.g., hydrogen and methanol) directly from sunlight, water and CO2.
291 eaf removal SB clusters naturally exposed to sunlight were riper than shaded clusters, evidenced by h
292 zed (DI) water matrix when exposed to UV and sunlight, whereas SAL and NAR could undergo direct photo
293      Stratospheric volcanic aerosols reflect sunlight, which reduces evaporation, whilst surface cool
294 d SiO2 that reflects 97 per cent of incident sunlight while emitting strongly and selectively in the
295 n D synthesis by birds having more access to sunlight, while 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration was h
296 2+) by CH3I can occur in natural water under sunlight, while only Hg(0) and Hg2(2+) can be methylated
297  that GO readily photoreacts under simulated sunlight with the potential involvement of electron-hole
298 as the number of hours of direct exposure to sunlight without pain.
299                           As plants grown in sunlight would most likely experience concomitant elevat
300                            A year's worth of sunlight would provide more than 100 times the energy of

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