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1 ch, in return, delivers carbohydrates to the symbiont.
2 ses: one for the plant and the other for the symbiont.
3 unaltered by the presence of a co-infecting symbiont.
4 les living in rotten trees with a wood-decay symbiont.
5 coevolutionary interactions between host and symbiont.
6 and evaluated the putative functions of this symbiont.
7 ural enemies and by the cost of carrying the symbiont.
8 a role in the recognition of Rhizobium as a symbiont.
9 suggestive of its lifestyle as an obligatory symbiont.
10 reversibly asexual, further linking host and symbiont.
11 re often prevented by priority effects among symbionts.
12 um-like, Solitalea-like, and Bartonella-like symbionts.
13 s describing toxic effects on host plant and symbionts.
14 ertically, but not horizontally, transmitted symbionts.
15 rucial role in recognition and regulation of symbionts.
16 de insight into the demographic evolution of symbionts.
17 stributed, insect-associated, Sodalis-allied symbionts.
18 hich enables intracellular infection by root symbionts.
19 w vascular connections to tissues supporting symbionts.
20 genes, converting soil bacteria into legume symbionts.
21 re typically colonized by specific bacterial symbionts.
22 nctions of colonization factors in bacterial symbionts.
23 also bleaching, the loss of essential algal symbionts.
24 buscule development in the absence of fungal symbionts.
25 tive mode and maternal transmission of algal symbionts.
26 pathogenic fungi but are also found as plant symbionts.
27 ates, leading to stronger interactions among symbionts.
28 because they create new niches for microbial symbionts.
29 pending on plant interactions with microbial symbionts.
30 ed buoyancy evolves only when offspring bear symbionts.
31 adox in the functioning of prokaryotic (endo)symbionts.
32 al polysaccharides also originate from these symbionts.
33 to determine whether ancient corals harbored symbionts.
34 ng irreversible dependence between hosts and symbionts.
35 muciniphila (an anaerobic, mucinophilic gut symbiont(7,8)), stimulated proliferation and migration o
36 d evolutionary benefits of independence from symbionts, a lifestyle that may be widespread among anim
37 ncentrations are independent of light, algal symbiont abundance and bleaching status, but depend on c
38 body and ovarian protein content, yeast-like symbionts abundance, ovarian development and vitellogeni
39 des the opportunity to assess the effects of symbiont acquisitions and replacements on the shift into
40 sms by which the hibernator host and its gut symbionts adapt to the altered nutritional landscape dur
42 morphology and phylogenetic position of each symbiont, all three represent new Pseudotrichonympha spe
44 ter, as the ratio of genomic copy numbers of symbiont and host, as well as developmental time and fec
46 dentifies a novel RIP in an insect defensive symbiont and suggests an underlying RIP-dependent mechan
48 ically one which incorporates root microbial symbionts and antagonists, if we are to better understan
49 similar molecular strategies are deployed by symbionts and pathogens to dampen immune responses is co
51 Genetic mutations, infection by parasites or symbionts, and other events can transform the way that a
58 ny heritable mutualisms, in which beneficial symbionts are transmitted vertically between host genera
63 s-feeding enzyme system in the prominent gut symbiont Bacteroides ovatus, which digests polysaccharid
65 of insecticide resistance, human-bed bug and symbiont-bed bug associations, and unique features of be
68 ity and diversity plays an important role in symbiont biogeography, which may ultimately lead to a mo
69 h minocycline or rifampicin (RIF) to deplete symbionts, block embryogenesis, and stop microfilariae p
71 siphon pisum) and its maternally transmitted symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola Using experimental crosses
74 sults reveal a novel mechanism through which symbionts can benefit their hosts and emphasise the impo
78 sms that reduce the fitness of uncooperative symbionts can stabilise mutualism against collapse, but
81 roups, the predominant families of bacterial symbionts change with each larval instar despite consist
82 iling to characterize a pathway from the gut symbiont Clostridium sporogenes that generates aromatic
83 e conclude that the long-term maintenance of symbiont co-infections in aphids is likely to be determi
84 favour host resistance which in turn reduces symbiont colonization and subsequently reduce symbiont-s
85 mes favour tolerance and consequently higher symbiont colonization rates, leading to stronger interac
86 elucidated the significance of giant enteric symbionts colonizing these fishes regarding their roles
88 Mammals host diverse bacterial and archaeal symbiont communities (i.e. microbiomes) that play import
89 cture is evident across the phylum, although symbiont communities are characterized by specialists an
92 ponges display remarkable stability in their symbiont communities, both spatially and temporally, yet
95 relevant for improving our knowledge of ant-symbiont communities: interaction specificity, network m
97 istance can have a prevailing influence over symbiont community assembly when symbiosis is disadvanta
101 e revealed clear differentiation of ascidian symbionts compared to seawater bacterioplankton, and dis
102 t despite moderate spatio-temporal shifts in symbiont composition, core symbiont functions (e.g. nitr
103 evolutionary time, but that unresolved host-symbiont conflict may have precluded these wild-type sym
104 nd sulfate respiration, indicating potential symbiont contributions to energy acquisition during prey
106 he hosts with endosymbionts, suggesting that symbionts could escape symbiosis, but only under conditi
108 s and O. faveolata, and species with reduced symbiont density (Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiplor
110 y, geographic isolation and coevolution with symbionts derived from very different soils have potenti
114 ant community-level differences in microbial symbiont diversity, structure and composition when sampl
115 omic analyses revealed in the absence of the symbiont during modeled microgravity there was an enrich
120 WBD-infected corals, whereas putative coral symbiont Endozoicomonas and Halomonadaceae abundances de
121 e, highly polyploid, uncultivated intestinal symbiont Epulopiscium sp. type B using fluorescent in si
124 These results suggest ascidian microbial symbionts exhibit a high degree of host-specificity, for
125 s are stable and characterized by generalist symbionts exhibiting amensal and/or commensal interactio
126 hese results demonstrate the key role of the symbiont F. major and its sphingolipids in mucosal homeo
132 erns in corals and their intracellular algal symbionts from two replicate population pairs in Papua N
133 We find that both transmission mode and symbiont function are correlated with host dependence, w
134 l symbioses to test for correlations between symbiont function, transmission mode, genome size and ho
135 emporal shifts in symbiont composition, core symbiont functions (e.g. nitrogen cycling) can be mainta
136 ia extends to mating, and is mediated by the symbiont gaining transcriptional control of the fungal r
137 ecological and evolutionary implications of symbiont gains, switches, and replacements, and identify
138 tive correlation between host dependence and symbiont genome size in vertically, but not horizontally
139 s three-way symbiosis by sequencing host and symbiont genomes for five diverse mealybug species and f
140 t involves a lignocellulose-degrading fungal symbiont (genus Termitomyces), a diverse gut microbiota
141 Such nutritional subsidies by intracellular symbionts have been well studied; however, supplementati
142 Historically, most studies of ants and their symbionts have had a narrow taxonomic scope, often focus
143 In this review, we examine how heritable symbiont-host interactions may alter host thermal tolera
144 dict ecological and evolutionary dynamics of symbiont-host interactions need to examine the interacti
145 this poorly understood nutritional aspect of symbiont-host interactions, we studied the enchytraeid w
147 ion of metabolically distinct "Epulopiscium" symbionts in hosts feeding on compositionally varied alg
148 perhaps also the most important mutualistic symbionts in modern ecosystems, transporting poorly solu
150 These clams host chemoautotrophic bacterial symbionts in their gills that synthesize organic matter
151 investigate the potential role of microbial symbionts in these introductions, we examined the microb
153 f two pea aphid lines, each with and without symbionts, in five wet meadow sites to expose them to a
155 pression profiles revealed that heterologous symbionts induced an expression pattern intermediate bet
157 e than 40 years of research and relevance to symbiont-induced speciation, as well as control of arbov
158 ractions can depend on the sequence in which symbionts infect a host, generating priority effects.
159 ave mostly focussed on the direct effects of symbiont infection on natural enemies without studying c
160 host susceptibility to secondary infections, symbiont interactions and ultimately the magnitude of pa
162 genes related to obligate hematophagy, host-symbiont interactions, and several mechanisms of insecti
164 ds with and without a vertically transmitted symbiont, into a wild host population, and tracked folia
165 which substantiates previous claims that the symbiont is capable of reductive acetogenesis from CO2 a
167 ized nutrients to hosts by extracellular gut symbionts is poorly documented, especially for generalis
171 infection with multiple strains of the same symbiont led to lower symbiont titres than single infect
172 teins) and the rhizarian Plasmodiophora, and symbionts like Capsaspora Remarkably, we also find these
173 ions that has frequently undergone shifts in symbiont localization and identity, which have contribut
174 eared in female ovaries, suggesting that the symbiont may provide necessary nutrients or regulators t
179 ever, the molecular mechanisms that underlie symbiont-mediated host immunity are largely unknown.
182 m two known mechanisms: protective bacterial symbionts, most commonly Hamiltonella defensa, or endoge
183 anism not subsisting within a host cell, the symbiont nonetheless retained a functional pectinolytic
184 t filtering and host community components on symbiont occupancy and overall metacommunity structure.
186 acterium Vibrio fischeri is the monospecific symbiont of the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolope
187 Adiutrix intracellularis', an intracellular symbiont of Trichonympha collaris in the termite Zooterm
192 nity for betaproteobacteria by examining the symbionts of native and endemic species of Mimosa in Mex
196 Here, we explore the effect of a defensive symbiont on population dynamics and species extinctions
200 with the ability to harbour large number of symbionts, Orbicella annularis and O. faveolata, and spe
201 philum Currently, it is unknown whether this symbiont originated elsewhere or emerged from unexpected
202 ome hosts evolve extreme dependence on their symbionts, others maintain facultative associations.
204 Here we report that prominent human gut symbionts persist in the gut through continuous attack o
212 scuss how cellular processes of the host and symbionts potentially affect the response of these reef
215 t when discrimination is weak, uncooperative symbionts proliferate until they reach the equilibrium p
224 s sexual reproduction are sufficient for the symbiont's control of its own transmission, needed for a
225 a genome-scale metabolic model of the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti that is integrated with
226 elonging to the Rhizobiales order: the plant symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti, the plant pathogen Agro
227 legume Medicago truncatula and its rhizobial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti, which includes more tha
229 tween all of the combinations of facultative symbiont species (Regiella insecticola + Hamiltonella de
230 hether different combinations of facultative symbiont species or strains can exist in stable co-infec
231 to aphids of carrying multiple infections of symbiont species or strains, and compared symbiont titre
233 can successfully be implemented to generate symbiont-specific phylogenomic data from metagenomic rea
235 e molecular mechanisms that underlie enteric symbiont-stimulated systemic immune system development,
236 We also identified strong aphid genotype x symbiont-strain interactions, such that the best defensi
237 y and three highly resistant), each with two symbiont strains, Hamiltonella-APSE8 (moderate protectio
238 e expression increase when loss of the algal symbiont Symbiodinium is induced by heat or chemical tre
239 ere colonized with the "normal" (homologous) symbiont Symbiodinium minutum and the heterologous S. tr
240 ested whether maternal transmission of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) might limit effective vert
242 ymbiont colonization and subsequently reduce symbiont-symbiont interactions, whereas (ii) positive ho
244 nization of large worm species and initiated symbiont-symbiont intraguild predation that reduced the
247 enchii, an opportunistic, thermally tolerant symbiont that flourishes in coral tissues after bleachin
248 rophic) bacteria instead of the cellulolytic symbionts that allow other shipworm species to consume w
250 nce genome to exclude loci from other lichen symbionts that are represented in metagenomic libraries.
252 Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are root symbionts that can increase or decrease aphid growth rat
255 Many animals are inhabited by microbial symbionts that influence their hosts' development, physi
258 veled the tremendous diversity of intestinal symbionts that potentially influence the host, many proo
260 environment and the frequency of facultative symbionts that provide ecologically contingent benefits
261 (Glossina spp.) house maternally transmitted symbionts that regulate the development and function of
262 es human gut bacteria descended from ancient symbionts that speciated simultaneously with humans and
263 tions (saprophyte, insect pathogen and plant symbiont), that renders it an unusually effective model
264 otype; one performed best with no protective symbionts, the others with particular strains of Hamilto
268 ntify effects of host genotypes, we measured symbiont titer, as the ratio of genomic copy numbers of
270 le strains of the same symbiont led to lower symbiont titres than single infections, and actually imp
271 egy used by maternally transmitted bacterial symbionts to boost transmission and spread in population
273 Lateral gene transfer (LGT) from microbial symbionts to invertebrate animals is described at an inc
275 itivity in predicting the success/failure of symbionts to spread into novel species following natural
276 ry predicts that hosts should pass mutualist symbionts to their offspring (vertical transmission) [3-
277 levels of specialization for mutualistic ant symbionts, to study the ecological context of mutualism
279 These findings help explain why modes of symbiont transmission and reproduction are strongly asso
281 to climate change by changing their dominant symbiont type to a more thermally tolerant one, although
286 e squid Euprymna scolopes and its beneficial symbiont Vibrio fischeri, which form a highly specific b
288 mics may be influenced by interactions among symbionts, which can depend on past events at multiple s
289 need to respond to the ongoing evolution of symbionts, which experience high levels of genetic drift
290 inii (Inzenga) Watling is an ectomycorrhizal symbiont, whose main properties were scarcely reported.
292 through the activity of an ancient bacterial symbiont with a tiny genome that serves as a factory for
298 a clearer picture of the metabolic state of symbionts within the juvenile host, including their poss
299 traditional control measures, the bacterial symbiont Wolbachia has been transferred from Drosophila
301 e populations (core OTUs): the intracellular symbionts Wolbachia, Cardinium, plus other Blattabacteri
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