ライフサイエンスコーパス: tRNA(His

1 rsor substrate for tRNA(Ala), tRNA(Val), and tRNA(His).

2 ressed by overexpressing GCN2, GCN1-GCN20 or tRNA(His).

3 methylates specific precursor microRNAs and tRNA(His).

4 etase (HisRS), the enzyme that aminoacylates tRNA(His).

5 bind the acceptor stem and anticodon loop of tRNA(His).

6 h and the regular , but not to the wild-type tRNA(His).

7 vealed that evolved from yeast mitochondrial tRNA(His).

8 dependent U(-1) addition to A(73)-containing tRNA(His).

9 osine residue (G(-1)) is a unique feature of tRNA(His).

10 dition of G, and occur with tRNAs other than tRNA(His).

11 adds a G (position -1) to the 5'-terminus of tRNA(His).

12 ease in the rigorous specificity of Thg1 for tRNA(His).

13 a crucial determinant for aminoacylation of tRNA(His).

14 itions other than -1 and is not specific for tRNA(His).

15 scentus, simply lack any extra nucleotide on tRNA(His).

16 ds a single guanine to the 5' end (G(-1)) of tRNA(His).

17 NA substrates, it is absolutely specific for tRNA(His).

18 G(-1) addition to the 5' end of cytoplasmic tRNA(His).

19 n proteins for addition of [alpha-32P]GTP to tRNAHis.

20 >C mutation alters structure and function of tRNAHis.

21 cells depleted of Thg1p lack G(-1) in their tRNAHis.

22 rlying the deafness-associated mitochondrial tRNAHis 12201T>C mutation.

23 on of CCA to the 3' mature sequence and, for tRNA(His), addition of a 5' G.

24 tRNA(Glu) sequences was found to covary with tRNA(His) among alphaproteobacteria.

25 ears to catalyze the activation step using p-tRNAHis and ATP.

26 eptor stem at nt 3/70 and 4/69 of Drosophila tRNA(His) and analyzed their ability to be processed by

27 lates with changes at the 3' end sequence of tRNA(His) and at many sites in histidyl-tRNA synthetase

28 rapid kinetics analysis employing mutants in tRNA(His) and its cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, the

29 rformed with these HisRS mutants and N-1:C73 tRNA(His) and microhelix(His) variants.

30 full-size tRNA and acceptor activity of the tRNA(His) and tRNA(Glu) species predicted in silico.

31 d mt genome at a unique location between the tRNA(His) and tRNA(Ser (AGY)) genes.

32 :A misreading in third codon position by His-tRNA(His) and, as also seen in vivo, Glu-tRNA(Glu).

33 ts-44 are derived from distinct genes of pre-tRNA(His), and are down-regulated in CLL 3- to 5-fold vs

34 G-1 nucleotide in defining the structure of tRNA(His), and to correlate structure with cognate amino

35 a mismatched G.A base pair at the 5' end of tRNA(His), and, with monophosphorylated tRNA substrates,

36 However, mutations in the tRNA(His) anticodon caused a drastic loss of in vitro hi

37 ds the guanylyate residue by recognizing the tRNA(His) anticodon.

38 major recognition elements in C. crescentus tRNA(His) are the anticodon, the discriminator base and

39 Histidine tRNAs (tRNA(His)) are unique in that they possess an extra 5'-b

40 g strand transfer with substrates that mimic tRNAHis as well as the authentic tRNA3Lys.

41 adds a single guanine to the -1 position of tRNA(His) as part of its maturation.

42 The mutation changed the conformation of tRNAHis, as suggested by slower electrophoretic mobility

43 a stable complex was formed with the cognate tRNA(His) but not with noncognate tRNA(Phe).

44 In Escherichia coli, the aminoacylation of tRNA(His) by histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS) is highly

45 1) residue is required for aminoacylation of tRNA(His) by histidyl-tRNA synthetase, both in vitro and

46 ent dissociation constant (K(D)) for cognate tRNA(His) by more than 3-fold (from 3.87 to 1.17 microM)

47 proviruses containing a PBS complementary to tRNA(His) compared with that obtained by transfection of

48 A model of the Escherichia coli HisRS--tRNA(His) complex predicts an interaction between the pr

49 ue identity elements in the acceptor stem of tRNA(His) confer specificity.

50 anii lacks the G(-1) identity element on its tRNA(His), consistent with the lack of a gene encoding a

51 A loss of the first nucleotide (G(-1)) in tRNA(His) converts it to a substrate for MST1 with a K(m

52 emingly modest addition of one nucleotide to tRNA(His) ensures translational fidelity by providing a

53 B2(His-AC) maintained a PBS complementary to tRNA(His) for over 4 months in culture encompassing 12 s

54 tidyl-tRNA synthetase to allow efficient His-tRNA(His) formation.

55 Because tRNA(His) from archaea contains C(73), these findings ar

56 We report here that tRNA(His) from Thg1p-depleted cells is uncharged, althou

57 hg1 adds a single G residue to the 5' end of tRNA(His) (G(-1)), which serves as a crucial determinant

58 ene was initially flanked by 25 bp of the mt tRNA(His) gene at its 5' end and by 23 bp of the mt tRNA

59 tRNA(His) genes in a disjoint alphaproteobacterial group

60 t the prevalent plant ICA genes encoding two tRNA(His) guanylyl transferase 1 units evolved ~120 mill

61 Thg1p is required for tRNAHis guanylylation in vivo, because cells depleted of

62 tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) adds a single guani

63 polymerase activity of the highly conserved tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) enzyme, and no exam

64 The tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) family comprises a

65 The tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) is a member of a un

66 The yeast tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) is an essential enz

67 tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) post-transcriptiona

68 tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1) specifically adds t

69 ymerases, and its members include eukaryotic tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1), as well as Thg1-li

70 ucleotide addition reaction catalyzed by the tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1).

71 The essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase (Thg1p) is responsible for

72 Yeast tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase, Thg1, is an essential pro

73 ln(UUG)), tRNA(Pro(UGG)), tRNA(Pro(CGG)) and tRNA(His(GUG)) for Um, and tRNA(Pro(GGG)) for Am. tRNA(S

74 Mature tRNA(His) has at its 5'-terminus an extra guanylate, des

75 tRNA(His) has thus far always been found with one of the

76 A homology model of the tRNA(His)-HisRS complex was generated and used to design

77 1 with the PBS complementary to tRNA(Met) or tRNA(His); however, all of these viruses eventually reve

78 This unusual G(-1) residue is the major tRNA(His) identity element, and essential for recognitio

79 is a nearly universal feature that specifies tRNA(His) identity in all three domains of life.

80 ly 70% decrease in the steady-state level of tRNAHis in mutant cybrids, compared with control cybrids

81 for GCN1 was also reduced by overexpressing tRNA(His) in a gcn1Delta strain.

82 nthetase; the detection of antibodies to the tRNA(his) in a over a third of anti-Jo-1 sera; and the d

83 ed expression levels of tRF-5 fragments from tRNA(His) in CLL samples and healthy controls, and deter

84 Gcn2p dependent, and to the accumulation of tRNA(His) in the nucleus.

85 Surprisingly, tRNA(His) in Thg1p-depleted cells accumulates additional

86 nificantly decreased ability to add G(-1) to tRNA(His) in vitro and significant defects in complement

87 a critical determinant for aminoacylation of tRNA(His) in vivo.

88 The additional G(-1) nucleotide on tRNA(His) is a nearly universal feature that specifies t

89 us post-transcriptional addition of G(-1) to tRNA(His) is not necessarily required.

90 quently amplification, in vivo, we note that tRNA(His) is the only stable Escherichia coli RNA with 3

91 uration reaction, which is distinct from the tRNA(His) maturation reaction typically catalyzed by Thg

92 DdiTLP2 catalyzes a mitochondria-specific tRNA(His) maturation reaction, which is distinct from th

93 opose that rather than functioning solely in tRNA(His) maturation, bacterial and archaeal TLPs are we

94 or templated nucleotide addition in archaeal tRNA(His) maturation.

95 ritical G(-1) addition reaction required for tRNA(His) maturation.

96 zymes needed for their essential function in tRNA(His) maturation.

97 G-1 base of the unique G-1:C73 base pair in tRNA(His) may be to prevent end-fraying and stabilize th

98 The failure in tRNAHis metabolism was responsible for the variable redu

99 these TLPs in separate pathways unrelated to tRNA(His) metabolism, such as mitochondrial tRNA repair

100 All tRNAHis molecules are unusual in having an extra 5' GMP

101 ata provide the evidence for a mitochondrial tRNAHis mutation leading to deafness.

102 However, it was reported that tRNA(His) of a subgroup of alpha-proteobacteria, includi

103 forced to utilize tRNA(Met), tRNA(1,2)(Lys), tRNA(His), or tRNA(Glu), although these viruses replicat

104 exhibited a modest preference for the yeast tRNA(His) over the E. coli tRNA, and preferred wild-type

105 also uncovered a divergent orthogonal HisRS/tRNA(His) pair.

106 mentary to the 3'-terminal 18 nucleotides of tRNA(His) [pHXB2(His)] as well as sequences upstream of

107 In more detailed followup using the tRNA(His) precursor as the substrate, experiments to det

108 conserved D/T loop base pairs) in Drosophila tRNAHis precursors.

109 d evolved to assume its specific function in tRNA(His) processing.

110 hg1 utilizes the GUG anticodon for selective tRNA(His) recognition, and Thg1-tRNA complex structures

111 synthetase that might be expected to affect tRNA(His) recognition, in the flipping loop, the inserti

112 rate specificity, efficiently aminoacylating tRNA(His) regardless of the presence of G(-1).

113 vitro-generated transcripts corresponding to tRNA(His) served as poor templates for Qbeta replicase;

114 ansferase step of G(-1) addition using a ppp-tRNAHis substrate, and appears to catalyze the activatio

115 but only in a templated reaction, i.e. with tRNA(His) substrates that contain a C(73) discriminator

116 f PthA4 in the maf1 mutant slightly restored tRNA(His) synthesis, indicating that PthA4 counteracts C

117 ecognition elements into an Escherichia coli tRNA(His) template, together with addition of base U20a,

118 E. coli tRNA, and preferred wild-type yeast tRNA(His) to a variant with C at the discriminator posit

119 eficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) which utilize tRNA(His) to initiate reverse transcription [virus deriv

120 necessary adaptation by the virus for use of tRNA(His) to initiate reverse transcription.

121 aptation by the virus to efficiently utilize tRNA(His) to initiate reverse transcription.

122 ed complete histidylation of a C. crescentus tRNA(His) transcript (lacking G(-1)).

123 rescued the yeast maf1 mutant by repressing tRNA(His) transcription.

124 tRNA(Glu), tRNA(Gly), tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Val), tRNA(His), tRNA(Asp), and tRNA(SeC) to produce tRNA halv

125 fication is queuosine (Q) for guanine (G) in tRNA(His), tRNA(Asp), tRNA(Asn), and tRNA(Tyr); this cha

126 teration of the 3' end of the Thg1 substrate tRNA(His) unleashes an unexpected reverse polymerase act

127 ately 60% increase in aminoacylated level of tRNAHis was observed in mutant cells.

128 no binding discrimination against mutant U73 tRNA(His) was observed, even in the presence of HSA.

129 psi C loop [GACCGAGG; pHXB2(His-T psi C)] of tRNA(His) were constructed.

130 NA synthetase (HisRS) to permit acylation of tRNA(His) with histidine.