ライフサイエンスコーパス: tRNA(Ser

1 jannaschii PSTK distinguishes tRNA(Sec) from tRNA(Ser).

2 STK must discriminate Ser-tRNA(Sec) from Ser-tRNA(Ser).

3 NA(Sec) were crucial for discrimination from tRNA(Ser).

4 four- to fivefold excess over the endogenous tRNA(Ser).

5 such as the purine-pyrimidine base pairs of tRNA(Ser).

6 1--72 through 5--68 base pairs of the E.coli tRNA(Ser) acceptor stem with the major recognition eleme

7 quence A36A37A38 in the anticodon loop, only tRNA(Ser)AGA, tRNA(Ser)CGA, tRNA(Ser)UGA, and selenocyst

8 r-armed tRNA secondary structure, while two [tRNASer(AGN) and a second tRNASer(UCN)] will fold only i

9 rm-replacement loop-containing tRNASer(UCN), tRNASer(AGN), tRNAMet(AUA), tRNATrp, and tRNAPro genes o

10 s) gene at its 5' end and by 23 bp of the mt tRNA(Ser (AGY)) gene at its 3' end.

11 a unique location between the tRNA(His) and tRNA(Ser (AGY)) genes.

12 n patient fibroblasts rendered mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(AGY)) undetectable, and markedly reduced mitoch

13 from defective CCA addition to mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(AGY)), and that the severity of this biochemica

14 addition to the non-canonical mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(AGY)), but no obvious qualitative differences i

15 o acid identity and recognition of a type II tRNA(Ser) amber suppressor from a serine to a leucine re

16 ic tRNAs are charged at >80% levels, whereas tRNASer and tRNAThr are charged at lower levels.

17 DNA sequence analysis of cDNA clones for tRNA(Ser) and 18S rRNA confirmed the expected 3'-termina

18 -loop are seen in the cocrystal structure of tRNA(Ser) and Thermus thermophilus seryl-tRNA synthetase

19 The substrate, composed of tRNA(Ser) and tRNA(Leu), is transcribed in tandem with a

20 Mammalian mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) (mt-tRNA(Ser)) and pyrrolysine tRNA (tRNA(Pyl)) fold to near

21 ich structural or sequence elements of human tRNA(Ser) are necessary for pseudouridine (Psi) formatio

22 when lacO was located at position -1 of the tRNA(Ser)AUC coding sequence.

23 y, carrot protoplasts transfected with human tRNA(Ser)AUC genes containing the lac operator (lacO) in

24 t in complex with the anticodon stem loop of tRNA(Ser) bound to the PsiAG stop codon in the A site.

25 traints and hence destabilizes the mutant mt-tRNA(Ser) by approximately 0.6 kcal/mol relative to wild

26 mutants lacking m(7)G and m(5)C, and mature tRNA(Ser(CGA)) in mutants lacking Um and ac(4)C.

27 cations, we used a genetic screen to examine tRNA(Ser(CGA)) variants.

28 We demonstrate that for the wild-type pre-tRNA(Ser)CGA and other pre-tRNAs, Lhp1p is required for

29 mutation that disrupts the anticodon stem of tRNA(Ser)CGA require Lhp1p for growth.

30 Although maturation of the mutant pre-tRNA(Ser)CGA requires Lhp1p, introduction of a second mu

31 38 in the anticodon loop, only tRNA(Ser)AGA, tRNA(Ser)CGA, tRNA(Ser)UGA, and selenocysteine tRNA with

32 mcd2-1, and show that the mutation lies in a tRNA(Ser)(CGA), which has been modified to translate the

33 ble loop by the 7472insC mutation reduces mt-tRNA(Ser) concentration in vivo through poorly understoo

34 e unique secondary structure of wild-type mt-tRNA(Ser) decrease the entropic cost of folding by appro

35 eit at a lower level than tRNA(Sec), whereas tRNA(Ser) did not.

36 This minimally altered tRNA(Ser) exclusively inserted leucine residues and was

37 We discuss how the existence of a large tRNA(Ser) gene family may permit this suppression withou

38 21 derived from four isoacceptor families of tRNASer genes, 7 from five families of tRNALeu genes, an

39 ins 27 tandem repeats of tRNA(Tyr)-tRNA(Tyr)-tRNA(Ser) genes.

40 Some point mutations in the ASL stem of tRNA(Ser) had significant effects on the levels of modif

41 Furthermore, the A5-U68 base pair in tRNA(Ser) has some antideterminant properties for PSTK.

42 uch a distinction between the two enzymes in tRNASer identity determinants reflects their evolutionar

43 ion to the point where the ochre-suppressing tRNA(Ser) is in four- to fivefold excess over the endoge

44 Furthermore, in human mt-tRNA(Ser), lengthening the variable loop by the 7472insC

45 Moreover, while tRNA(Ser) levels were unaffected by TRIT1 knockdown, the

46 ts confirm that insertion mutations lower mt-tRNA(Ser) melting temperature by 6-9 degrees C and incre

47 extent, differences in the in vivo tRNA(Ala):tRNA(Ser) ratio in 159 and Pn16.

48 reover, a novel determinant for the specific tRNASer recognition was identified as the anticodon stem

49 two SerRSs do not possess a uniform mode of tRNASer recognition, and additional determinants are nec

50 tigate the requirements of these enzymes for tRNASer recognition, serylation of variant transcripts o

51 eotides at the base of the variable stem for tRNASer recognition, unlike its bacterial type counterpa

52 ntity elements into the mitochondrial bovine tRNA(Ser) scaffold yielded chimeric tRNAs active both in

53 cture of the homologous Thermus thermophilus tRNA(Ser)-SerRS complex that Cusack and colleagues repor

54 Although SerRS recognizes both tRNA(Sec) and tRNA(Ser) species, PSTK must discriminate Ser-tRNA(Sec)

55 o distinguish tRNA(Sec) from closely related tRNA(Ser) substrate.

56 ppression by the weak ochre (UAA) suppressor tRNA(Ser) SUQ5.

57 Deletion analysis showed that the tRNA(Ser) TPsiC stem-loop was a determinant for modifica

58 ation of unspliced precursor RNAs of dimeric tRNA(Ser)-tRNA(Met)i, suggesting a novel nuclear role fo

59 (SerDelta); an amber suppressor in which the tRNA(Ser) type II extra-stem-loop is replaced by a conse

60 sequence analyses found a duplication of the tRNA(Ser)UCA-C47:6U gene, which was shown to cause the p

61 nt of 28 isolated mutants contain duplicated tRNA(Ser)UCA-C47:6U genes.

62 ed to a disproportionately large increase in tRNA(Ser)UCA-C47:6U levels in sla1-rrm but not sla1-null

63 Suppressor pre-tRNA(Ser)UCA-C47:6U with a debilitating substitution in

64 Mammalian mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) (mt-tRNA(Ser)) and pyrrolysine tRNA (tRNA

65 utations investigated in human mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) affect processing efficiency, and some af

66 duplication and loss of function, and a new tRNA(Ser(UCN)) gene has been created de novo.

67 However, in the eremobatid, the tRNA(Ser(UCN)) gene in the repeat region appears to have

68 This amount of reduction in the tRNA(Ser(UCN)) level is below a proposed threshold to su

69 exhibited approximately 75% decrease in the tRNA(Ser(UCN)) level, compared with three control cybrid

70 Nase P, was found to process a mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) precursor [ptRNA(Ser(UCN))] at the correc

71 We demonstrate that a tRNA(Ser(UCN)) precursor with the U7445C substitution ca

72 ion of the deafness-associated mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) T7511C mutation, in conjunction with homo

73 directly following the discriminator base of tRNA(Ser(UCN))) causes non-syndromic deafness.

74 ends) analyses indicated that the four-armed tRNASer(UCN) gene is transcribed into a stable RNA that

75 e that the mutation flanks the 3' end of the tRNASer(UCN) gene sequence and affects the rate but not

76 7 kbp upstream and is cotranscribed with the tRNASer(UCN) gene, with strong evidence pointing to a me

77 cates that similarity between the four-armed tRNASer(UCN) genes is only 63.8% compared with an averag

78 Ser(UCN) sequences are interpreted as pseudo-tRNASer(UCN) genes.

79 verage reduction of approximately 70% in the tRNASer(UCN) level and a decrease of approximately 45% i

80 he M. californianus and M. edulis four-armed tRNASer(UCN) sequences are interpreted as pseudo-tRNASer

81 ta show a sharp threshold in the capacity of tRNASer(UCN) to support the wild-type protein synthesis

82 d by the DHU arm-replacement loop-containing tRNASer(UCN), tRNASer(AGN), tRNAMet(AUA), tRNATrp, and t

83 ucture, while two [tRNASer(AGN) and a second tRNASer(UCN)] will fold only into tRNAs with a dihydrour

84 His(GUG)) for Um, and tRNA(Pro(GGG)) for Am. tRNA(Ser(UGA)), previously observed as a TrmJ substrate

85 -encoded tRNAs with A36A37A38, only mt tRNAs tRNA(Ser)UGA and tRNA(Trp)UCA contained detectable i6A37

86 ([Ser]Sec)UCA level was increased and the mt tRNA(Ser)UGA level was decreased, suggesting that TRIT1

87 codon loop, only tRNA(Ser)AGA, tRNA(Ser)CGA, tRNA(Ser)UGA, and selenocysteine tRNA with UCA (tRNA([Se

88 antation of these identity elements into the tRNA(Ser)(UGA) scaffold resulted in phosphorylation of t

89 precision values for the analyses of E. coli tRNASer(VGA) and E. coli tRNAThr(GGU), unfractionated tR

90 Dihydrouridine content of Escherichia coli tRNASer(VGA) and tRNAThr(GGU) as controls were measured

91 ylation of variant transcripts of M. barkeri tRNASer was kinetically analyzed in vitro with pure enzy

92 ; the G15-C48 tertiary "Levitt base-pair" in tRNA(Ser) was changed to A15-U48; the number of nucleoti

93 in addition the G73 "discriminator" base of tRNA(Ser) was changed to A73.

94 condary structures of archaeal tRNA(Sec) and tRNA(Ser), we introduced mutations into Methanococcus ma