ライフサイエンスコーパス: temperature gradient

1 uctor switches, which can be operated with a temperature gradient.

2 partial nitritation/anammox process to this temperature gradient.

3 ophorus nepalensis) along an elevational and temperature gradient.

4 The pattern is less clear along a temperature gradient.

5 ch steepened the interhemispheric meridional temperature gradient.

6 t sites on the western Italian coast along a temperature gradient.

7 en saturation, and forearm-to-fingertip skin temperature gradient.

8 for thermal separation and selection under a temperature gradient.

9 bacteria to drift toward the cold end of the temperature gradient.

10 olution in comparison to the standard linear temperature gradient.

11 be achieved by reducing the steepness of the temperature gradient.

12 obal ice volume and an increased latitudinal temperature gradient.

13 moted CyHV-3 replication in the context of a temperature gradient.

14 y dark field microscopy in an on-chip linear temperature gradient.

15 e bulk flow of solution in the presence of a temperature gradient.

16 lained only by flow of reactive water down a temperature gradient.

17 ultiple strains in microtiter plates along a temperature gradient.

18 body in a fluid is proportional to the local temperature gradient.

19 of leaf thermoregulation across a broad air temperature gradient.

20 y and overcome the effect of an unfavourable temperature gradient.

21 sly changed after reversing the direction of temperature gradient.

22 stable salinity gradient and stabilized by a temperature gradient.

23 ux of molecules and colloidal particles in a temperature gradient.

24 rofile of several bacterial populations in a temperature gradient.

25 ) imaging measurements made across a spatial temperature gradient.

26 of the fluorescent probes in a laser-induced temperature gradient.

27 K range giving AgCuS the ability to maintain temperature gradients.

28 drate allocation within trees is assisted by temperature gradients.

29 ies along latitudinal as well as bathymetric temperature gradients.

30 effect), which is mass transport induced by temperature gradients.

31 study individual larval movements on defined temperature gradients.

32 s more strongly correlated with geographical temperature gradients.

33 ing directly constrains the lowermost mantle temperature gradients.

34 , the Asian monsoon, and Pacific sea surface temperature gradients.

35 s that amplify minor nonuniformities such as temperature gradients.

36 a lower temperature in the presence of sharp temperature gradients.

37 and even reversing the expected urban-rural temperature gradients.

38 e, specifically reduced meridional and zonal temperature gradients.

39 rse phenotypes in the wild along drought and temperature gradients.

40 rate is more pronounced at low than at high temperature gradients.

41 the patterns in R found across geographical temperature gradients.

42 ts frustrate efforts to detect the resulting temperature gradients.

43 temperatures and negligible equatorial zonal temperature gradients.

44 A large temperature gradient (10 degrees C) was applied with a p

45 We examined MMHg dynamics across a temperature gradient (4, 12, 24 degrees C) in marine sed

46 brown trout as top predators across a stream temperature gradient (4-25 degrees C).

47 radient focusing technique, which utilizes a temperature gradient across a microchannel or capillary

48 -lactoglobulin amyloid fibrils by inducing a temperature gradient across a microfluidic channel.

49 the transverse thermoelectric response to a temperature gradient across a thin film of yttrium iron

50 The former is known from the temperature gradient across the column, the temperature

51 Thus, the modern strong sea surface temperature gradient across the equatorial Pacific is no

52 with winter harshness along a south-to-north temperature gradient across the range of A. texana, indi

53 rature (Tm) of hybrids by applying a spatial temperature gradient across the sensor surface.

54 significant TSTs in MTJs by generating large temperature gradients across ultrathin MgO tunnel barrie

55 In TGF, the application of a controlled temperature gradient along the length of a microchannel

56 In this work, we develop a bilinear temperature gradient along the separation channel that i

57 Negative temperature gradients along the gas chromatographic sepa

58 The temperature gradient also influences the lifetimes of th

59 rature gradient focusing, a combination of a temperature gradient, an applied electric field, and a b

60 sources of line broadening from MACS, sample temperature gradient and anisotropic magnetic susceptibi

61 ns the anisotropy by coupling to the applied temperature gradient and breaking cubic symmetry.

62 Temperature gradient and crystalline quality of the SiC

63 link that tightly couples zonal sea-surface temperature gradient and ENSO variability during large c

64 and the favored temperature of the cell in a temperature gradient and in various chemical environment

65 non about the migration of particles along a temperature gradient and is sensitive to the properties

66 ve a small contribution to spin current by a temperature gradient and the spin-dependent Seebeck effe

67 loss channels in order to establish a larger temperature gradient and therefore to increase the overa

68 In thermotaxis assays of temperature gradient and two-temperature choice assays,

69 gard the baroclinic zone--the zone of strong temperature gradients and active eddies--as a heat engin

70 n various microfluidic devices that generate temperature gradients and by comparing these results wit

71 imetal niobium phosphide (NbP) for collinear temperature gradients and magnetic fields that vanishes

72 Models that included other effects such as temperature gradients and transport in other directions

73 vice fabrication, delivery of a reproducible temperature gradient, and overcoming evaporation are des

74 g direction is elevated due to a significant temperature gradient, and thus locations in the material

75 aluated effects from vitreal macromolecules, temperature gradients, and ambient air on vitreal Po(2)

76 g that suggest anomalous mantle pressure and temperature gradients, and by observations of concentrat

77 Graphoepitaxy, in-plane electric fields, temperature gradients, and directional solidification ha

78 creates continuous high temperatures, strong temperature gradients, and extended hot annealing region

79 novel means of generating spin currents from temperature gradients, and their associated thermal-spin

80 l variation in mean annual R across a global temperature gradient; and future increases in R under cl

81 g and across the column and axial and radial temperature gradients appear.

82 membrane, the movement of molecules along a temperature gradient appears feasible.

83 The axial and radial temperature gradients are discussed in relationship with

84 Orthogonal, linear, pressure and temperature gradients are obtained with 100 parallel mic

85 Because huge temperature gradients are present around hydrothermal ve

86 ates of diversity turnover across the global temperature gradients are substantially lower than those

87 with the use of selective denaturation in a temperature gradient as an initial resolving procedure a

88 Finally, the use of temperature gradients as well as other complex temperatu

89 ENSO was not tied directly to the east-west temperature gradient, as previously suggested.

90 in low in headwaters because of strong local temperature gradients associated with topographic contro

91 heating, a temporally and spatially mediated temperature gradient at the axon level (3.8 degrees C-6.

92 ion suggests the existence of a subadiabatic temperature gradient at the top of the outer core.

93 enthic organic matter (FBOM) across seasonal temperature gradients before (PRE) and after (ENR1, ENR2

94 Pressure drop and temperature gradient between LC and MS were considered t

95 antly reduce the bioassay time by creating a temperature gradient between the bulk and the surface, w

96 Our reconstruction shows that the meridional temperature gradient between the equator and subtropics

97 icity associated with an enhanced meridional temperature gradient between the Sahara and Guinea Coast

98 two peltier elements in order to maintain a temperature gradient (between 12 and 40 degrees C) acros

99 Arctic fjord sediments was investigated in a temperature gradient block incubator for temperatures ra

100 alized and tracked in a PEG solution under a temperature gradient built by infrared laser focusing.

101 iii) we work in a natural system with a wide temperature gradient but minimal variation in other fact

102 species composition between sites along the temperature gradient but open habitat transects did not.

103 had substantially lower meridional and zonal temperature gradients but similar maximum ocean temperat

104 species distributions are closely linked to temperature gradients, but how individual behaviour is a

105 ranial window was created to map neocortical temperature gradients by using infrared imaging.

106 On the other hand, a temperature gradient can be formed parallel to the direc

107 his article, it is shown how a simple linear temperature gradient can be generated across dozens of p

108 With an appropriate buffer, the temperature gradient can generate a corresponding gradie

109 Here we show that an external field--a temperature gradient--can be used to control a particula

110 We developed an HMA that uses temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis (TGCE) to

111 screened for single-nucleotide changes using temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis (TGCE), f

112 Temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis was intro

113 analysis of both high-resolution melting and temperature-gradient capillary electrophoresis data.

114 gene (Car8) was detected by high-throughput temperature-gradient capillary electrophoresis heterodup

115 reliable mutation detection scheme based on temperature-gradient capillary electrophoresis.

116 The spatial temperature gradient caused by the near-infrared laser b

117 supports net condensation, and that vertical temperature gradients caused by light absorption vary ov

118 essential for optimal operation and because temperature gradients contain information about the ener

119 e human embryonic fibroblast, we demonstrate temperature-gradient control and mapping at the subcellu

120 With an appropriate buffer, the temperature gradient creates a gradient in both the elec

121 The electron temperature gradient drives electron diffusion, and asym

122 e surrounding tissue has been explained by a temperature gradient due to heat diffusion.

123 could distribute preferentially in a spatial temperature gradient due to variation in swimming speed.

124 isture migration and to exclude moisture and temperature gradients during baking, crustless cakes wer

125 during positive thermotaxis and to move down temperature gradients during negative thermotaxis.

126 he larva uses the same strategies to move up temperature gradients during positive thermotaxis and to

127 The PCR product was subjected to temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (TTGE) and the numb

128 l targets by melting curve analysis based on temperature-gradient electrophoresis within 3h, which is

129 hat the axonal guidance is caused by shallow temperature-gradient, eliminating the role of any non-ph

130 ve absorption, which creates large localized temperature gradients even with unfocused, spatially uni

131 Here, we show that extremely large temperature gradients (exceeding 1 x 10(9) K m(-1)) can

132 riations of the Atlantic/Pacific sea surface temperature gradient, external radiative forcings, and t

133 vapor-to-particle (or -droplet) process in a temperature gradient field.

134 predicted in theoretical simulations under a temperature gradient field.

135 We describe the serial combination of temperature gradient focusing (TGF) and field-amplified

136 A hybridization assays are demonstrated with temperature gradient focusing (TGF) and peptide nucleic

137 ation system is presented combining scanning temperature gradient focusing (TGF) and sodium dodecyl s

138 The new technique is based on temperature gradient focusing (TGF) and takes advantage

139 We present an experimental study of temperature gradient focusing (TGF) exploiting an inhere

140 Temperature gradient focusing (TGF) is a counterflow gra

141 Temperature gradient focusing (TGF) is a recently develo

142 In addition, chiral temperature gradient focusing allows for real-time monit

143 With temperature gradient focusing, a combination of a temper

144 f micellar electrokinetic chromatography and temperature gradient focusing.

145 accurate and highly effective control of the temperature gradient for achieving improved separation r

146 soil microbiota in anoxic microcosms over a temperature gradient from 1 to 30 degrees C, combining m

147 at 33 sites in China along a latitudinal and temperature gradient from 21 degrees N to 30.5 degrees N

148 nergy conversion efficiency of ~20.7% at the temperature gradient from 300 to 900 K).

149 habitats characterized by strong sea surface-temperature gradients (fronts) over other available habi

150 Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) and in v

151 Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) can be u

152 system for DNA mutation analysis, utilizing temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) in a pol

153 We have employed temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) to exami

154 sequences from combinatorial libraries using temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE).

155 e stabilities of the RNAs were determined by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE).

156 ined from an analysis of DNA fragments using temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE).

157 eir relative thermodynamic stabilities using temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE).

158 ubstitution or mismatch were investigated by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE).

159 RNA-based polymerase chain reaction-temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis and next-genera

160 ial DNA (mtDNA) in tumorigenesis, a temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis method was used

161 Using temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, we have analyz

162 Temperature-Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE) was empl

163 Temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis and UV melting

164 On the basis of these data and on temperature-gradient gel results, we conclude that entro

165 ffect, the generation of a spin current by a temperature gradient, has attracted great attention, but

166 en-limited conditions along a heat-treatment-temperature gradient (HTT; 200-650 degrees C).

167 titudinal gradient (associated with a winter-temperature gradient); (ii) the elevational gradient wit

168 apparatus designed to generate a controlled temperature gradient in a microfluidic chip, called a mi

169 ternary giant unilamellar vesicles held in a temperature gradient in conditions where they exhibit co

170 s for primordial RNA polymerization inside a temperature gradient in pores or fissures of rocks.

171 a transient increasing east-west sea surface temperature gradient in the 20th-century tropical Pacifi

172 detailed physical models, we found a radial temperature gradient in the disk, with a dust-free regio

173 netic insulators Y3Fe5O12 and NiFe2O4 with a temperature gradient in the film plane.

174 aximal size of 74 fish species along a steep temperature gradient in the Mediterranean Sea and find s

175 on 10 farms across a wide precipitation and temperature gradient in the midcontinental U.S. to deter

176 d temporal dynamics of both species across a temperature gradient in the northern Channel Islands, Ca

177 of spin-diffusion or the creation of a spin-temperature gradient in the proton spins caused by the n

178 2 Te3 and Bi2 Te3 as p-n legs to utilize the temperature gradient in the vertical direction.

179 Temperature gradients in a low-shear-velocity province i

180 m a single common street tree species across temperature gradients in four US cities, located from 35

181 designed and employed to externally generate temperature gradients in spatial and temporal formats al

182 ese textiles can harvest thermal energy from temperature gradients in the desirable through-thickness

183 lobal simulations of instabilities driven by temperature gradients in the ion component of the plasma

184 eric stability and a decrease in sea surface temperature gradients in the Northern Indian Ocean.

185 er Pacific warm-pool SSTs and low equatorial temperature gradients in the past.

186 how that highly anomalous fluid pressure and temperature gradients in the upper part of the seismogen

187 ated models, such as a reduction of vertical temperature gradients in winter, a reduction in summer t

188 m frustule is highly correlated with oceanic temperature gradients inferred from the delta18O of fora

189 t the behavior of a wild-type bacterium in a temperature gradient is determined by a linear combinati

190 A temperature gradient is induced in a Au/Al dual-layer ta

191 The temperature gradient is now applied along the optical ax

192 y polar ice sheets and large equator-to-pole temperature gradients, is rooted in environmental change

193 hermal diffusion (mass diffusion driven by a temperature gradient, known as the Ludwig-Soret effect)

194 Latitudinal and elevational temperature gradients (LTG and ETG) play central roles i

195 r the tropics, where the shallow latitudinal temperature gradient makes upslope shifts more likely th

196 and we suggest that the increased West-East temperature gradient may have increased the likelihood o

197 f energy storage, we show that intramuscular temperature gradients may enable molecular motors (cross

198 climate state with weak tropical sea surface temperature gradients may require additional mechanisms

199 The temperature gradients measured during surgery are domina

200 acrylamide), PNIPAM, was investigated with a temperature gradient microfluidic device under a dark-fi

201 A continuous-flow, temperature gradient microfluidic device was used to dem

202 transition of lysozyme were investigated by temperature gradient microfluidics under a dark field mi

203 lation in hydrothermal pores occurs, so that temperature gradients might play a role in the origin of

204 abling technology, high-speed separations in temperature gradient mode were performed both in common

205 ees C to be of 10.5% and 6.6 Wcm(-2) under a temperature gradient of 150 degrees Cmm(-1), respectivel

206 With a steady-state temperature gradient of 20-30 degrees C across a sample,

207 separation) and show that we can maintain a temperature gradient of 260 K between the cold and hot s

208 the process is essentially isothermal and a temperature gradient of minor importance.

209 modern conditions while maintaining a zonal temperature gradient of ~3 degrees C in the late Miocene

210 The effect of varying the temperature gradient on the resolution of two of the cou

211 th airflow that can induce a shear force and temperature gradient on the sample.

212 al advance in understanding the influence of temperature gradients on the dynamics of freestanding gr

213 le metal such as gold can be magnetized by a temperature gradient or magnetic resonance when in conta

214 ments of animals responding to fixed spatial temperature gradients or random temperature fluctuations

215 iparticles' trajectories may bend, causing a temperature gradient perpendicular to the heat current a

216 Environmental temperature gradients provide habitat structure in which

217 We modeled space use across an ambient temperature gradient (ranging from -20 to 38 degrees C)

218 lar shifts, however, is in the form of their temperature gradients, rather than by their direct estim

219 occurs under nonisothermal conditions with a temperature gradient relaxing from about 40 to 20 degree

220 omic drift due to electric current and local temperature gradients resulting from intense Joule heati

221 Comparison of the chemical shifts and their temperature gradients reveals that the molecular structu

222 The temperature gradient seen across areas of the patera ind

223 Such convection can occur when salinity and temperature gradients share the same sign, often resulti

224 d chromatographic conditions, varying column temperature, gradient slope, ion-pairing reagent concent

225 On the other hand, the meridional temperature gradient spanning the Sahel has increased in

226 ial Pacific cooled and the zonal sea surface temperature gradient strengthened.

227 We have used temperature gradient surface plasmon resonance (SPR) mea

228 significantly lower rates of turnover across temperature gradients than other major taxa, which has i

229 ds to the emplacement of a strong meridional temperature gradient that typifies icehouse climate cond

230 duces differences in annual R across spatial temperature gradients that agree well with global variat

231 Diurnal temperature gradients that cause variations in methane r

232 voltage induced by vortex flow in a driving temperature gradient (the Nernst effect), in magnetic fi

233 erate, currents from misaligned pressure and temperature gradients (the Biermann battery process) ine

234 For a certain temperature gradient, the critical solidification rate f

235 intuitively, when increasing the stabilizing temperature gradient, the salinity flux first increases,

236 to achieve high vibration frequency at small temperature gradients, thereby, demonstrating effective

237 a reusable platform that can apply a linear temperature gradient to a lab-on-a-chip device.

238 motile and migrates in response to light and temperature gradients to the surface of the soil to form

239 ere, we study Drosophila larva navigation up temperature gradients toward preferred temperatures (pos

240 l gradients of up to 16 degrees C and radial temperature gradients up to 8 degrees C, which can produ

241 lding of native proteins by application of a temperature gradient using a single cycle of 5 min or le

242 e cautions against inferring past meridional temperature gradients using spatially limited data withi

243 ng between boundaries is small (<1 mum), and temperature gradients vary rapidly in space.

244 On the basis of this observation, a temperature gradient was designed and optimized to fully

245 At ~2.73 Ma, the Atlantic-Pacific temperature gradient was reduced to <1 degrees C, sugges

246 Consequently, the summer land-ocean temperature gradient was smaller, and the summer monsoon

247 Here, using a temperature gradient, we observe experimentally a positi

248 2 degrees C implies a relaxation of tropical temperature gradients, weakened Hadley and Walker circul

249 the photoacids and the Ru(II) dyes, suggest temperature gradients were not likely the cause of the o

250 owing relative growth to be measured along a temperature gradient where all other conditions are cons

251 ools on a coastal salt marsh using a natural temperature gradient where killifish fed on natural food

252 by thermal fluctuations in the presence of a temperature gradient, whereas in thermal equilibrium it

253 well, albeit nonlinearly along a mean annual temperature gradient; whereas there was a considerable s

254 examples have been performed using a linear temperature gradient which has limitations in improving

255 a contact tip induced parasitic out-of-plane temperature gradient, which depends on material, diamete

256 ect the onset of a steeper zonal sea surface temperature gradient, which was driven by enhanced trade

257 This generates intra-tree temperature gradients, which can affect carbon metabolis

258 over the oceans to regional interhemispheric temperature gradients, which is opposite to the largely

259 uals showed no positional preference along a temperature gradient while susceptible genotypes exhibit

260 A temperature gradient within the flight muscle leads to l

261 ic potential applied to the device induces a temperature gradient within the microchannel due to the

262 currents that would be generated due to the temperature gradient would give rise to STT that is a th