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   1 enerated and characterized ("Term" indicates termination codon).                                     
     2 erate and present epitopes downstream of the termination codon.                                      
     3  in read through of the normal translational termination codon.                                      
     4 d the location of the stem-loop close to the termination codon.                                      
     5 f, resulting in a frameshift and a premature termination codon.                                      
     6 eplaces an arginine codon with a translation termination codon.                                      
     7  disrupted by the insertion of a translation termination codon.                                      
     8  mRNA, resulting in each case in a premature termination codon.                                      
     9 nine (Arg) by stalling ribosomes at the uORF termination codon.                                      
    10 by increased ribosomal occupancy of the uORF termination codon.                                      
    11 70 nucleotides downstream of the translation termination codon.                                      
    12 ntronic fragments with an in-frame premature termination codon.                                      
    13 t involves Stau1, the NMD factor Upf1, and a termination codon.                                      
    14 y changing the distance from the translation termination codon.                                      
    15 its mRNA decay when tethered downstream of a termination codon.                                      
    16 ing of Lmod1 to generate a similar premature termination codon.                                      
    17 pen reading frame and results in a premature termination codon.                                      
    18 that lacks the exon containing the premature termination codon.                                      
    19 sus sequence and was preceded by an in-frame termination codon.                                      
    20 ing a ribosome paused in the vicinity of the termination codon.                                      
    21 sA gene and introduced a predicted premature termination codon.                                      
    22 he effect of which was to create a premature termination codon.                                      
    23 mination and ribosome release at a premature termination codon.                                      
    24 orescent protein, which contains a premature termination codon.                                      
    25 ethionine codons downstream of the premature termination codon.                                      
    26 s function of stalling ribosomes at the uORF termination codon.                                      
    27 ation, leading to a frameshift and premature termination codon.                                      
    28 mma3 gene, leading to an immediate premature termination codon.                                      
    29 vely degrade transcripts harboring premature termination codons.                                     
    30 gnition of only the conventional UAA and UAG termination codons.                                     
    31 romotes readthrough of premature translation termination codons.                                     
    32  the ability of ribosomes to properly decode termination codons.                                     
    33  are nonsense mutations leading to premature termination codons.                                     
    34 transcripts containing premature translation termination codons.                                     
    35 omal readthrough of premature but not normal termination codons.                                     
    36 t can be decoded as either selenocysteine or termination codons.                                     
    37 0% of the LQT2 mutations result in premature termination codons.                                     
    38 ids eukaryotic cells of mRNAs with premature termination codons.                                     
    39 ecognizing and degrading mRNAs with aberrant termination codons.                                     
    40  the others were predicted to have premature termination codons.                                     
    41 f transcripts carrying premature translation termination codons.                                     
    42  degrades mRNAs with premature translational termination codons.                                     
    43 at degrades mRNAs with premature translation-termination codons.                                     
    44 hat rids cells of mRNAs containing premature termination codons.                                     
    45 mutations predict the formation of premature termination codons.                                     
    46 rades transcripts with premature translation-termination codons.                                     
    47 ikely to be important for defining premature termination codons.                                     
    48 gous for mutations that introduced premature termination codons.                                     
    49 cells of aberrant mRNAs containing premature termination codons.                                     
    50 exons compared to other exons with premature termination codons.                                     
    51 otation of open reading frames and premature termination codons.                                     
    52 rades mRNAs containing premature translation termination codons.                                     
    53  (NMD) eliminates transcripts with premature termination codons.                                     
    54 ulted in frame-shift mutations and premature termination codons.                                     
    55 ipts with pseudoexon inclusion and premature termination codons.                                     
    56  all these mutations created nonsense (chain termination) codons.                                    
    57 ons (Leu127X; Lys292X) resulted in premature termination codons, 2 (Pro190LeufsX47; Arg319GlufsX34) i
    58 gene resulting in a frameshift and premature termination codon 7 bp downstream from the site of the d
    59 tron at least 50 nucleotides downstream of a termination codon, a context sufficient to initiate NMD.
    60 tion, but only if they are within 15 nt of a termination codon; a spacing of 16 nt has no effect, sug
    61  C terminus and the adjacent inefficient UGA termination codon act to recruit the SsrA-tagging system
  
  
    64 ion of aberrant mRNAs containing a premature termination codon and also controls the levels of endoge
    65 gging correspond to ribosome stalling at the termination codon and at rare AGG codons encoding Arg-30
    66 ncrease in PRF was independent of a proximal termination codon and did not result from increased ribo
    67  reversion system is based on mutations in a termination codon and involves positive selection for re
    68   Consequently, ribosomes stall at the uORF2 termination codon and obstruct downstream translation.  
    69 that leads to aberrant splicing, a premature termination codon and partial deficiency of the canonica
    70 n non-neuronal tissues generates a premature termination codon and results in the truncation of the o
    71 ions lead to the introduction of a premature termination codon and subsequent NMD of mutant UPF3B mRN
    72 s-of-function mutations creating a premature termination codon and the degradation of the mutated mes
    73 entanucleotide UAAUG that contains the ORF A termination codon and the overlapping putative initiatio
    74    Neither the distance in space between the termination codon and the poly(A) tail nor the binding o
    75 ), which is predicted to lead to a premature termination codon and thus to haploinsufficiency of RUNX
    76  destabilized by introduction of a premature termination codon and, importantly, that this mRNA is a 
  
  
  
  
    81 he surveillance of mRNAs to define premature termination codons and possibly also in modulating the t
    82 transcripts containing premature translation termination codons and regulates the levels of a number 
    83 nd rapid degradation of mRNAs with premature termination codons and, importantly, some wild-type mRNA
    84 nus of the coding region and obliterated the termination codon, and del2 also altered the polyadenyla
  
    86 ative transcripts examined contain premature termination codons, and most persist even after rigorous
  
    88 uman beta-globin mRNAs harboring a premature termination codon are degraded in the erythroid tissues 
    89  demonstrate in yeast that mRNAs lacking all termination codons are as labile as nonsense transcripts
    90  cannot be tested at codon sites, where only termination codons are inferred at any interior node or 
    91 ryotic mRNAs harboring premature translation termination codons are recognized and rapidly degraded b
  
  
    94 ly in the G319S cell line included premature termination codons as a result of the inclusion of 7 nuc
    95 ly in the G319S cell line included premature termination codons as a result of the inclusion of seven
  
    97 c to the 129S6/SvEv strain that introduces a termination codon at exon 7, abolishes production of the
  
    99 le novel mutation in CCDC65, which created a termination codon at position 293, was identified in a s
  
  
   102 eshift in the resultant mRNA and a premature termination codon before the first of the two catalytic 
   103  transcript that bears the unusual premature termination codon besides the canonically spliced OsPCS2
  
   105 lectively degrades mRNAs harboring premature termination codons but also regulates the abundance of c
   106 s transcripts carrying premature translation termination codons, but the role of NMD on yeast unsplic
  
  
  
   110 mtDNA mutation that results in the loss of a termination codon causes enhanced mt-mRNA decay by trans
  
   112 tion and subsequent termination at premature termination codons, culminating in NMD of the transcript
   113 directs translating ribosomes to a premature termination codon, destabilizing it through the nonsense
   114 es, but a child homozygous for the premature termination codon displayed symptoms consistent with MMI
  
   116 amma, retains intron I and has two premature termination codons far from the 3'-most exon-exon juncti
   117 o disruption of Ig-domain 2D and a premature termination codon following the first amino acid in the 
   118 Here, a T116G point mutation, substituting a termination codon for Leu-39 (L39stop), was identified i
  
   120 the HIV-1 gp41 glycoprotein that substituted termination codons for amino acids 682 to 708, we show t
   121 nslational readthrough or frameshifting past termination codons for the synthesis of extension produc
   122  enable ribosomes to extend translation past termination codons for the synthesis of longer products.
   123 lational readthrough occurs or when the opal termination codon has been replaced by a sense codon in 
   124 This frameshift mutation creates a premature termination codon immediately downstream, thereby nullif
  
   126  C1-IIIb-IIIc-C2 mRNA containing a premature termination codon in exon IIIc was present, but at appar
   127 olated family was found to carry a premature termination codon in Leiomodin1 (LMOD1), a gene preferen
   128 f principle in vitro, we correct a premature termination codon in mRNAs encoding the cystic fibrosis 
  
  
  
  
   133  the loss-of-function allele with an earlier termination codon in the precursor CTSK polypeptide.    
   134  that PKP2 mutations introducing a premature termination codon in the reading frame were associated w
   135 t skipping of an exon introduces a premature termination codon in the transcript that downregulates M
   136 ant virus containing a premature translation termination codon in the UL83 open reading frame (ORF) (
   137 esignated c.442delAG, leading to a premature termination codon in the V1 domain of the K5 polypeptide
   138  translational frameshifting to overcome the termination codon in viral RNA at the end of the gag gen
  
  
  
  
  
   144 rk progression, the recognition of premature termination codons in mRNAs, and inadequate nutrient ava
  
  
   147 e from AME via the introduction of premature termination codons in the gp41 cytoplasmic tail coding r
   148  variant (in which arginine is replaced by a termination codon) in the gene TBC1D4 with an allele fre
   149 6), in the 3'-UTR, 1485 bp downstream of the termination codon, in a conserved region, with the A-all
   150  mutations in hemojuvelin (HJV), including a termination codon, in a patient with juvenile hemochroma
  
  
   153 oduced by using transformants with premature termination codon insertions in the corresponding pgp ge
   154 p deletion that introduces a premature amber termination codon into the open reading frame of a putat
  
  
   157 ng switches introduces premature translation termination codons into selected transcripts in a differ
   158 rus (45STOP) by the insertion of translation termination codons into the portion of the gene encoding
  
   160 Element (RSE), located downstream of the p33 termination codon, is a large hairpin with two asymmetri
   161 nslational enhancer (TED), located 3' to the termination codon, is necessary for efficient cap-indepe
   162      The selectivity of PTC124 for premature termination codons, its well characterized activity prof
   163 sequences by introduction of a translational termination codon just downstream from the initiator AUG
   164 ve, producing an 3'-truncated mRNA lacking a termination codon (known as nonstop mRNA) due to alterna
   165  and 97% of these SNVs generated a premature termination codon, leading to loss of function through n
   166 A 3'-UTR variants position the translational termination codon more than 50 nucleotides upstream of a
  
   168 from translation of aberrant mRNAs lacking a termination codon (NonStop) or containing a sequence tha
   169 RNA degradation pathway for messages lacking termination codons, northern blot analysis was performed
  
   171 lation in vivo, only the CITE closest to the termination codon of a reporter open reading frame is ac
   172 esis studies showed that the location of the termination codon of ORF-1 protein plays a crucial role 
  
  
  
   176      Remarkably, the rare leucine codon, the termination codon of uORF1, uAUG2 and uAUG3 all improved
   177 ral genes was substituted by a translational termination codon or a termination codon was inserted in
   178 se; the remainder either introduce premature termination codons or create frameshifts both of which r
   179  or F.IX variants with premature translation termination codons, or missense mutations, under the con
  
  
   182     These exon deletions introduce premature termination codons predicted to truncate the proteins ne
   183 retain intron 2 during splicing; a premature termination codon present at the 5' end of intron 2 lead
   184 ition, two modulators of NMD-translation and termination codon-proximal poly(A) binding protein-depen
  
   186 ssential communication between the premature termination codon (PTC) and the exon-junction complex (E
   187 ite, causing the introduction of a premature termination codon (PTC) and the reduction of steady-stat
   188 rally occurs upon recognition of a premature termination codon (PTC) during a pioneer round of transl
   189 d by the presence of a premature translation termination codon (PTC) in an atypical sequence context.
  
   191 ents with RDEB harbor at least one premature termination codon (PTC) mutation in COL7A1, and previous
  
   193 ERG, KCNH2) transcripts containing premature termination codon (PTC) mutations by nonsense-mediated m
  
   195 100 ALS-associated SOD1 mutations, premature termination codon (PTC) mutations exclusively occur in e
   196 oratory showed that C-terminal Gag premature termination codon (PTC) mutations in the 3' shared exon 
   197 ations particularly for those with premature termination codon (PTC) mutations who usually display lo
   198 btype of fibrillinopathy caused by premature termination codon (PTC) mutations, we integrate genotype
   199 ukaryotic cells, an mRNA bearing a premature termination codon (PTC) or an abnormally long 3' untrans
   200  with a mutation that introduces a premature termination codon (PTC) that prevents synthesis of the f
   201  efficiency of converting a U A: G premature termination codon (PTC) to tryptophan (U G: G) was impro
   202 h degrades transcripts harboring a premature termination codon (PTC), depends on the helicase up-fram
   203 trate that its inclusion creates a premature termination codon (PTC), that leads to a 65kDa truncated
   204 s of both endogenous and exogenous Premature Termination Codon (PTC)-containing mRNA isoforms and its
   205 onstrate that NMD in yeast targets premature termination codon (PTC)-containing mRNA to P-bodies.    
   206 (NMD) directs rapid degradation of premature termination codon (PTC)-containing mRNAs, e.g. those con
  
   208 f cellular NMD targets, unlike for premature termination codon (PTC)-containing reporter mRNAs when c
  
  
  
  
  
  
   215 ation of translation by creating a premature termination codon (PTC); however, pseudouridylation at t
   216 ation predicts a frameshift with a premature termination codon (PTC+32aa) in the eleventh transmembra
   217 rders, including cancer, result in premature termination codons (PTC) and the rapid degradation of th
  
  
  
   221 ough agent, capable of suppressing premature termination codons (PTCs) and restoring functional prote
   222     HLA class I alleles containing premature termination codons (PTCs) are increasingly being found. 
   223 e show that transcripts containing premature termination codons (PTCs) are not always degraded effici
   224 yotic mRNAs containing premature translation termination codons (PTCs) are rapidly degraded by a proc
  
   226 ugh which mRNA transcripts bearing premature termination codons (PTCs) are selectively degraded to ma
  
   228 s (mRNAs) that contain premature translation termination codons (PTCs) are targeted for rapid degrada
   229  (TCRbeta) genes naturally acquire premature termination codons (PTCs) as a result of programmed gene
   230 lectively degrades mRNAs harboring premature termination codons (PTCs) but also regulates the abundan
   231 gradation of transcripts harboring premature termination codons (PTCs) by the nonsense-mediated mRNA 
   232 delity, but the mechanism by which premature termination codons (PTCs) can apparently affect splice-s
  
  
  
   236 rrant mRNAs containing nonsense or premature termination codons (PTCs) in a translation-dependent man
  
   238 413delC, and 555delT) that lead to premature termination codons (PTCs) in exons 27, 6, and 9, respect
   239 ch compound-induced readthrough of premature termination codons (PTCs) might be exploited as a potent
   240 e to identify sequences containing premature termination codons (PTCs) that are likely targets of mRN
   241 ntergenic transcripts that contain premature termination codons (PTCs), but chimeric mRNAs of genes t
   242 ide changes that result in primary premature termination codons (PTCs), either UAA, UAG, or UGA.     
  
   244 on-exon junction are recognized as premature termination codons (PTCs), targeting the mRNA for degrad
   245 ance translational read-through of premature termination codons (PTCs), thereby permitting expression
   246 lternative transcripts often carry premature termination codons (PTCs), which trigger nonsense-mediat
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   259 ng frame, separated by a UAG stop codon, and termination codon readthrough is required for expression
   260 hesized the uORF polypeptide to stall at its termination codon, reducing loading at the downstream st
   261  may express a protein if its initiation and termination codons reside in the same reading frame, but
  
   263 li glutamine tRNA, suppress UAG, UAA and UGA termination codons, respectively, in a reporter mRNA in 
   264 induce read-through of mRNA around premature termination codons, restore ATM activity and improve the
   265  the kl-H and 3'TSS proximal to the reporter termination codon restores translation to near wild-type
   266 e mutation in PI saar introduces a premature termination codon resulting in an alpha 1-AT protein tru
  
   268    Analysis of splice variants for premature termination codons reveals approximately 50% of identifi
   269 on bias in the two codon positions 5' of the termination codon showed no correlation with known effec
   270  signals would direct ribosomes to premature termination codons, suggest two possible mRNA destabiliz
   271 romotes readthrough of premature translation termination codons, suggesting that it may have the pote
   272 programmed ribosomal frameshifting, hopping, termination codon suppression, and the incorporation of 
  
   274 g in a -1 frameshift allele with a premature termination codon that escapes nonsense-mediated decay. 
   275 nt downstream of the gag natural translation termination codon that prevents degradation of the unspl
  
   277 ch as in choice of translation initiation or termination codons; the remaining 9% show major differen
   278 ons, with an intervening sequence containing termination codons, then the expression of the second ac
   279 ple organisms indicate that proximity of the termination codon to the 3' poly(A) tail and the poly(A)
   280 which subjects aberrant mRNAs with premature termination codons to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).    
  
  
  
  
   285 ate A3H sequences were compared, a premature termination codon was identified on the fifth exon of th
   286 ed by a translational termination codon or a termination codon was inserted into the open reading fra
   287 actor 1, which works specifically at the UAG termination codon, we constructed Escherichia coli strai
   288 slational fidelity to promote readthrough of termination codons, were shown to increase SMN levels in
   289 ad terminal in-frame thymidines that created termination codons when polyadenylated, type II had down
   290   Drugs targeting F508del CFTR and premature termination codons, which would be applicable to 90% of 
   291  substitutions and introduction of premature termination codons, while most mutations disrupt one of 
   292  a U12-type intron downstream of a premature termination codon within an open reading frame (ORF) ind
   293 roteins IDH 1-B and 1-C derive from a common termination codon within exon X and contain an additiona
  
  
   296 leles are predicted to result in a premature termination codon within the last exon, escape nonsense-
   297 onstructs were designed containing premature termination codons within the coiled-coil neck domain.  
   298  when polyadenylated, type II had downstream termination codons within the elongated alpha-GalA seque
   299 of peripheral neuropathy result in premature termination codons within the terminal or penultimate ex
  
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