ライフサイエンスコーパス: thicken

1 linosis, and 32.9% abnormal vascular intimal thickening).

2 nal narrowing >25% via fibrointimal arterial thickening).

3 g expansion, and alveolar-capillary membrane thickening.

4 naive CD4(+) T cells that mediates epidermal thickening.

5 in assessing any previous mucosal injury or thickening.

6 tory skin disease characterized by epidermal thickening.

7 ng sufficient back stress to allow ice shelf thickening.

8 e was any evidence of hypoattenuated leaflet thickening.

9 hearing flow, we can largely eradicate shear thickening.

10 t of vascular rejection and arteriosclerotic thickening.

11 ad to invagination rather than simple tissue thickening.

12 pigment epithelial detachment, and subfoveal thickening.

13 ociated with a significant reduction in skin thickening.

14 peripheral vision may give rise to cortical thickening.

15 e of vitreous haze, and incidence of macular thickening.

16 taphyloma and secondary to excessive scleral thickening.

17 osition in the skin and dermal and epidermal thickening.

18 considered to contribute to Bruch's membrane thickening.

19 l skin of patients with SSc with severe skin thickening.

20 demonstrated aortitis with periaortic tissue thickening.

21 eserve, with no immediate change in LAD wall thickening.

22 to primary wall synthesis and secondary wall thickening.

23 ets that reorientate during left ventricular thickening.

24 counts quantitatively for the observed shear thickening.

25 ibited airway luminal narrowing without wall thickening.

26 hich prevents subsequent secondary cell wall thickening.

27 , P < .001), subepithelial basement membrane thickening (4.4 mum [25th-75th IQR, 4.0-4.7 mum] and 3.9

28 dings included bronchiectasis (48%), pleural thickening (40%), ground glass opacity (32%), mass-like

29 extruded fecal material, mural defect, wall thickening, abnormal enhancement, free fluid or strandin

30 al, medial or adventitial abnormalities with thickening/accumulation of varied reflectivities, macrop

31 matory lesions, and impaired stratum corneum thickening after phorbol ester treatment.

32 Chia was a good thickening agent and, improved the nutritional profile o

33 Results suggest that chia should be added as thickening agent in the formulation of GF pasta for conf

34 x accumulation, glomerular basement membrane thickening, albuminuria, and podocyte dropout.

35 Shear thickening, an increase of viscosity with shear rate, is

36 The infundibulum was also thickened and enhancing; however, it was still in the mi

37 The right ulnar nerve was thickened and exquisitely tender on palpation.

38 The adjacent soft tissues were thickened and irregular, suggestive of edema.

39 circle the tail and digits, the footpads are thickened and scaled, and loricrin staining is markedly

40 h's membrane is irregular with both abnormal thickened and thinned portions.

41 As convergence thickened and widened the Himalaya, the orographic barri

42 able to supply sufficient ORF52 to induce MT thickening and acetylation near the MTOC, potentially ai

43 ging, we found that RRV infection led to the thickening and acetylation of MTs emanating from the MT-

44 ladder containing multiple stones, with wall thickening and an adjacent liver lesion.

45 enosis after angioplasty, vein graft intimal thickening and atherogenesis.

46 pisodes of which lead to peritoneal membrane thickening and collagen deposition.

47 omal scar occurs, with a significant stromal thickening and cornea flattening.

48 ed with a higher degree of basement membrane thickening and edematous changes within the vestibular s

49 e, including pigmentary abnormalities, focal thickening and elevated lesions, and decreased light-act

50 tivity that drives a simultaneous narrowing, thickening and elongation of the sternum.

51 le microfibers, and we demonstrate the shear thickening and gelling behavior of such microfiber suspe

52 tivity, cellular inflammation, smooth muscle thickening and goblet cell metaplasia without changes in

53 independent association between fibrous cap thickening and improved CEC that may contribute to morph

54 t of retained stool in the colon, bowel wall thickening and infiltration of peri-colonic fat, which w

55 nland Ice Sheet is partly offset by interior thickening and is overprinted on its poorly constrained

56 hich typically result in short stature, skin thickening and joint stiffness, have been linked to FBN1

57 wall reinforcement was shown by lack of wall thickening and lack of fibrous tissue or smooth muscle i

58 ransudates included pleural nodules, pleural thickening and loculation.

59 had a form with severe Bruch's membrane (BM) thickening and macular exudation with a dried-out soil p

60 e, 23-38 years) and more interlobular septal thickening and mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computed t

61 dium were confirmed, with depressed LAD wall thickening and no significant infarction.

62 ifferences were found for normalized LV wall thickening and normalized myocardial mass, without inter

63 ed adding chia at rice flour for testing the thickening and nutritional properties of this specie.

64 CAR injection attenuated pulmonary membrane thickening and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration,

65 anibizumab-treated patients were mild foveal thickening and prominent subfoveal fluid, and those in s

66 established view of the importance of radial thickening and providing evidence for a significant role

67 ent neuronal migration resulting in cortical thickening and reduced gyration.

68 early onset proteinuria and ultrastructural thickening and splitting of the glomerular basement memb

69 rlying snoring sounds may cause carotid wall thickening and support the large-scale evaluation of sno

70 sulting in stimulation of trichome cell wall thickening and the OR biogenesis.

71 rd cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils

72 Key features of CAVD-leaflet thickening and valvular calcification-were noted after 6

73 by very deferred ranibizumab for persistent thickening and vision impairment.

74 ctural dynamics during left ventricular wall thickening, and apply the technique in hypertrophic card

75 is, mixed- or solid-type synovitis, synovial thickening, and capsular dehiscence.

76 on of active AC cells, resolution of macular thickening, and cataract surgery in an initially catarac

77 ircumference enlargement, muscularis externa thickening, and collagen deposition.

78 omography of the abdomen showing rectal wall thickening, and her clinical presentation.

79 , increased number of AC and PL, vascular BM thickening, and increased vessel tortuosity were observe

80 normal thinning, RPE-drusen complex abnormal thickening, and inner and outer retina were calculated i

81 , LV ejection fraction (LVEF), regional wall thickening, and motion (17-segment model) were assessed.

82 itis progression, cartilage damage, synovial thickening, and osteophyte formation were measured histo

83 treated patients were poor BCVA, mild foveal thickening, and statin usage.

84 und-driven reductions in erythema, epidermal thickening, and tissue cytokine levels.

85 amber (AC) flare >grade 0; cataract; macular thickening; and exudative retinal detachment.

86 ocyte (KC) hyper-proliferation and epidermal thickening are characteristic features of psoriasis lesi

87 acular fluid, intraretinal cysts, and severe thickening are important goals of DME treatment, and in

88 0.010) and not associated with Intima Media thickening Area (26 +/- 5.4% vs. 28 +/- 6.7%; p = 0.6).

89 howed significant thickening of Intima Media Thickening Area compared to patients without PAH (27 +/-

90 Thus, we find that continuous shear thickening arises from increasingly frequent localized d

91 argement, atrial tissue masses, and valvular thickening at 4 weeks of age, as well as diastolic dysfu

92 is associated with more rapid outer retinal thickening at the foveal center, whereas LPC is associat

93 t of vascular smooth muscle-like cells and a thickened basal lamina.

94 HC-HA distribution was observed (i) in the thickened basement membrane of asthmatic lower airways,

95 deficient animals featured endothelial gaps, thickened basement membrane, and fibrin-like intralumina

96 In the South Qinling Belt, crustal thickening began at 240 Ma and culminated with 60-70-km

97 that retrogradated oat starches showed shear thickening behavior as revealed from Herschel-Bulkely mo

98 es the frictionless state and also the shear-thickening behavior of the suspension.

99 Controlling this thickening behavior remains a major challenge and has le

100 These first-generation designs thicken beyond single PNTs.

101 WT skin prevented abrasion-induced epidermal thickening, blocked the accumulation of nuclear antigen

102 Necking is triggered by thickened buoyant crust entrained into a subduction zone

103 ion of IL-6R did not reduce arteriosclerotic thickening but reduced endothelial integrity in allograf

104 ophil infiltration and reduced alveolar wall thickening by 45% (p < 0.05).

105 al layers of cells that form a shrinking and thickening canopy over underlying epithelial cells.

106 Plant secondary-thickened cell walls are characterized by the presence o

107 heteropolymer that is deposited in secondary-thickened cell walls, where it provides mechanical stren

108 This thickening changes from continuous to discontinuous as t

109 during rapid impact, as well as strong shear thickening characterized by discontinuous, orders-of-mag

110 lues were a strong predictor of 6-month wall thickening compared with late gadolinium enhancement.

111 account for the Mohorovicic discontinuity in thickened continental crustal regions.

112 ty of n-cofilin and profilin 1, leading to a thickened cortical cytoskeleton and hence sustained inte

113 oceanic lithosphere with normal or slightly thickened crust subducts without necking.

114 e LV hypertrophy was attributable to LV wall thickening (Delta LV wall thickness, 1.1+/-0.4 mm; P=0.0

115 skin types; RCM features, such as junctional thickening, dense dermal nests, and nucleated cells with

116 attribute it to partial melting of a locally thickened, denser- and hotter-than-average layer, reflec

117 ormance parameters measured on optimized and thickened devices, we find that carrier mobility is a ma

118 n the northernmost Qinling metasomatized the thickened eclogitic lower crust to produce high levels o

119 cal correlates of acid injury (alveolar wall thickening, edema, and leukocyte infiltration) were redu

120 e formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large inc

121 Muscle biopsy specimens showed markedly thickened endothelium and electron-dense interstitial de

122 roderma and atopic dermatitis display dermal thickening, epidermal hypertrophy, or excessive accumula

123 ic division ratio, have been noted-higher in thickened epidermis of the paw skin as compared to ear a

124 atures were the presence of an irregular and thickened epithelial basement membrane duplicating or in

125 ition of stem elongation and stimulates stem thickening, facilitating soil penetration.

126 wound edge tow and assemble a progressively thickening fibronectin template inside the gap that prov

127 and EoE pathology, including epithelial cell thickening, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, compared with CC

128 Maximal thickening fraction (a measure of diaphragm function) wa

129 2O defined dysfunction) and ultrasonography (thickening fraction [TFdi] and excursion).

130 tile activity (quantified by the inspiratory thickening fraction) were measured daily by ultrasound.

131 n echocardiographic parameters (infarct wall thickening fraction, LV end-systolic and end-diastolic v

132 changes showing initial thinning followed by thickening from the 3(rd) year on.

133 es of regionally specific nonlinear cortical thickening (from ages 8-14) and widespread linear cortic

134 s morphometric studies of kidneys revealed a thickened glomerular basement membrane and effaced podoc

135 ecruitment of inflammatory cells, submucosal thickening, goblet cell metaplasia, and increased collag

136 The primary thickening growth of Moso (Phyllostachys edulis) undergr

137 vide a systematic perspective on the primary thickening growth of Moso underground shoots, and suppor

138 Our study demonstrated that in patients with thickened hearts, EF global longitudinal strain ratio ha

139 The RPEDC abnormal thickening (henceforth, OCT drusen) and RPEDC abnormal t

140 s, focal thickening in 3 and polypoidal wall thickening in 2 cases.

141 wall thickening was seen in 23 cases, focal thickening in 3 and polypoidal wall thickening in 2 case

142 trasound findings included gall bladder wall thickening in 66 patients (41.2%).

143 ions in each of these genes caused cell wall thickening in a highly specific grain "disarticulation z

144 generally stable with a trend toward slight thickening in all patients when mandatory monthly therap

145 Shear thickening in dense particulate suspensions was recently

146 ed peak circumferential wall strain and wall thickening in myocardial segments with epinephrine/perfu

147 ominant mutant stp-2d showing secondary wall thickening in pith cells (STP).

148 l-1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin in pleural thickening in the carbon-black bleomycin mouse model.

149 bdomen, and pelvis, demonstrated rectal wall thickening in the midrectum and small lymph nodes in the

150 ectively becomes a regulator for controlling thickening in the suspension, allowing the viscosity to

151 systolic wall thickening ( SWT systolic wall thickening ) in the infarct, and adjacent myocardium and

152 ast cells, mucus hyper-production and airway thickening) in an experimental mouse model.

153 siological aspects of the trichome cell wall thickening include interference with antiherbivore defen

154 t anterior descending coronary artery % wall thickening increased similarly after icCDCs and icMSCs,

155 xcess collagen deposition results in pleural thickening, increased stiffness and impaired lung functi

156 mportant visual features include airway wall thickening, inflammatory small airways disease, tracheal

157 administration, including basement membrane thickening, interstitial fibrin deposition and microvill

158 Diffuse wall thickening, intramural nodules, continuous or discontinu

159 ed and small-capacity urinary bladder with a thickened, irregular and edematous wall with multiple hy

160 We show that PNT thickening is pH sensitive, and can be reversed under ac

161 bjective and sensitive way to detect retinal thickening, is not feasible.

162 re gradient (40.5+/-14.0 mm Hg), presence of thickened leaflets or thrombotic apposition of leaflets

163 henospheric upwelling and thermal erosion of thickened lithosphere, which is spatially consistent wit

164 Vitamin E, which thickens Lo domains and disperses them by lowering edge

165 Triton X-100 also thickens Lo domains, but partitions to both lipid phases

166 t anterior descending coronary artery % wall thickening [mean+/-SD], 38+/-11% versus 83+/-26% in remo

167 rolonged, extrovert assembly of Rodinia from thickened mid-Proterozoic continental crust via two-side

168 Dchs1(+/-) mice had prolapse of thickened mitral leaflets, which could be traced back to

169 increased CHS characterized by elevated ear thickening, mono/MPhi-dominated dermal inflammation, and

170 ina to severe ONL thinning and inner retinal thickening moved centripetally with age.

171 ral change in cystic fibrosis) peribronchial thickening, mucous plugging and many other disorders tha

172 t increased intestinal motilities along with thickened muscle fibers, demonstrating a critical role o

173 wild-type littermates, with increased valve thickening, myofibrogenesis, osteogenesis, proteoglycan

174 Patients who underwent PRP had diffusely thickened nerve fiber layers (P = 0.024) and diffusely t

175 A small degree of inner nuclear layer (INL) thickening occurred in MSON eyes compared with control e

176 Finally, whereas shear thickening occurs in the steady state, impact-induced so

177 se findings are in line with the progressive thickening of BM noted with age in the mouse model.

178 ypertrophy of the RPE, dense deposits in and thickening of Bruch's membrane, loss of photoreceptors,

179 At 12 months of age, P2X7-null mice had thickening of Bruchs membrane and retinal pigment epithe

180 ell mmp9 expression and is associated with a thickening of collagen fibers.

181 (stretch) with hypotonic buffer also caused thickening of cortical actin fibres and this was blocked

182 racellular matrix production, cross-linking, thickening of dermal fibrils, and tissue stiffening.

183 evoked TRPV4-dependent cation/Ca(2+) influx, thickening of F-actin stress fibers and reinforcement of

184 long been accepted that differential radial thickening of guard cells plays an important role in the

185 SSc-PAH patients showed significant thickening of Intima Media Thickening Area compared to p

186 Subclinical retinal thickening of mildly inflamed eyes with IU can occur tho

187 sting new mechanism for the high-temperature thickening of oils.

188 es in right ventricular pressure and intimal thickening of pulmonary small artery are a little more s

189 e of the LHON acute stage, which follows the thickening of RNFL.

190 goblet cell hyperplasia, lung inflammation, thickening of smooth muscle layer on bronchia, and lung

191 numbers of portal vascular structures, wall thickening of some portal arteries, and periductal fibro

192 creates a low-energy structure that inhibits thickening of stacking faults into twins, leading to sig

193 of epithelial cells, resulting in excessive thickening of the anterior capsule with a layer of fibro

194 Gradual thickening of the arterial wall, changes in wall content

195 ted tomography scans demonstrated a mass and thickening of the bladder wall and no evidence of metast

196 , selection apparently resulted in extensive thickening of the carotenoid-laden barb cortex, producin

197 Abdominal CT showed parietal thickening of the colon at the splenic flexure with pneu

198 control eyes, but we found a small degree of thickening of the combined layer when we compared MSON e

199 her with fibrosis provoke concentric intimal thickening of the coronary arteries, which is the main c

200 Histologic findings demonstrated objective thickening of the dermal collagen.

201 In corneal grafts, in vivo relative thickening of the En/DM is diagnostic of graft rejection

202 Still, in knockout mice a significant thickening of the epidermis associated with a decreased

203 rhomboid protease RHBDF2 (iRHOM2) regulates thickening of the footpad epidermis through its interact

204 trasound examinations in order to search for thickening of the gallbladder wall, pleural effusion, an

205 wegian seas where grounded ice sheets led to thickening of the gas hydrate stability zone during the

206 developed markedly increased albuminuria and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane compared

207 podocyte foot process effacement, irregular thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, and dila

208 Thus, recent interior thickening of the Greenland Ice Sheet is partly an ongoi

209 Clinical diagnosis depends on an abnormal thickening of the heart, but the earliest signs of disea

210 of HCM-related cardiac phenotype, including thickening of the interventricular septum, left ventricu

211 Thickening of the lamina reticularis, a feature of remod

212 oblasts that could potentially contribute to thickening of the lamina reticularis.

213 liferation of smooth muscle cells leading to thickening of the longitudinal smooth muscle layer.

214 the vascular labyrinth is disorganized, with thickening of the maternal-fetal blood barrier and an as

215 ing of the myocardium, biatrial enlargement, thickening of the mitral valve leaflets, and interatrial

216 n continental lithosphere and shortening and thickening of the Northern Tibetan lithosphere.

217 Macular edema was defined as thickening of the retina (center point thickness>/=240 m

218 tomography (OCT) images revealed significant thickening of the retinal foveal and the juxtafoveal are

219 l limiting membrane (ELM) and mild transient thickening of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/Bruch

220 st x-ray showed bilateral hilar enlargement, thickening of the right paratracheal stripe, and scatter

221 A significant thickening of the RNFL was found in patients with active

222 retinal hyperreflective foci was preceded by thickening of the RPE-basal lamina band.

223 Periodontitis and smoking may result in thickening of the sinus membrane.

224 ed combination therapy showed a trend toward thickening of the suprachoroidal space (SCS) compared wi

225 teries along the mediastinal course, diffuse thickening of the walls of numerous bronchial branches a

226 ited cardiovascular disease characterized by thickening of ventricular walls and decreased left ventr

227 retching the extruded ink, and print various thickened or curved patterns with straight nozzle motion

228 mogeneous fibrillar pattern; grade 2, tendon thickening or hypoechoic areas and/or calcifications in

229 al corneal thinning, combined with choroidal thickening or recovery due to a reduction or neutralizat

230 increases in plant biomass and active layer thickening over the past 40 years not only have major im

231 the ability of in situ manipulation of shear thickening paves a route toward creating materials whose

232 tions of mucus production, airway epithelial thickening, perivascular and peribronchiolar inflammatio

233 how that the glomerular basement membrane is thickened, podocyte slit width is increased and sub-podo

234 Thickened pRNFL was significantly correlated to standard

235 d an important role in promoting the primary thickening process of Moso underground shoots and drivin

236 n process mediated by the NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTORs in the hypocotyl xylem.

237 ta-glucan have been added to foods for their thickening properties, their ability to form gel at low

238 or older with nonamyloid HF and cardiac wall thickening prospectively genotyped from September 1, 201

239 SWT systolic wall thickening recovery in the infarct (S0: 32% +/- 21 to 42

240 hick scaly skin on the face and genitals and thickened, red, and scaly skin on the hands and feet.

241 resolved surface stresses in the continuous thickening regime, we report the existence of clearly de

242 o HR-well subjects and left precentral gyrus thickening relative to HR-well and HC individuals.

243 HR-MDD showed left inferior frontal gyrus thickening relative to HR-well subjects and left precent

244 nt with early AMD, including Bruchs membrane thickening, retinal pigment epithelium cell loss, retina

245 clinical and hemodynamic results of cutting thickened secondary MV chordae combined with a shallow s

246 in secondary wall formation, leading to the thickened secondary walls and the changed cell wall comp

247 lignant) on the basis of mediastinal pleural thickening (sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 73%; accuracy

248 e diagnostic accuracy of mediastinal pleural thickening, shrinking lung (hemithorax volume decrease d

249 st strongly with venous and small IV intimal thickening, similar to the pattern observed in PVOD.

250 esaged later dinosaurian inventions, such as thickened skull roofs.

251 Regional LAD wall thickening slowly improved but remained depressed 1 mont

252 howed that the cementum became significantly thickened, softened, and full of cementocytes.

253 s solid-like rigidity, even a strongly shear-thickened state still flows and thus cannot be fully jam

254 Increased epithelial thickening, stromal thinning at the keratoconus cone, an

255 , goblet cell hyperplasia, basement membrane thickening, subepithelial fibrosis, airway smooth muscle

256 study revealed significant choroidal tissue thickening subfoveally and at areas 500 mum temporal, 50

257 vessels revealing inflammation-induced wall thickening support the diagnosis of GCA (specificity 78%

258 vity, we demonstrate that particles in shear-thickening suspensions are frictionless under low confin

259 he inner ear arises from the otic placode, a thickened swathe of ectoderm that invaginates to form th

260 d to myocardial salvage ratio, systolic wall thickening ( SWT systolic wall thickening ) in the infar

261 of the urogenital sinus ridge, an epithelial thickening that forms where the sex ducts attach to the

262 ns were evaluated for hypoattenuated leaflet thickening that indicated THV thrombosis.

263 ized by smooth cerebral surface and cortical thickening that result in seizures, severe neurological

264 fibroblasts that produce matrix proteins and thicken the lamina reticularis.

265 hern part of the Tianshan Mountains, thereby thickening the overlying crust.

266 Other key anatomic outcomes (macular thickening, thinning, or fluid and submacular fibrosis)

267 This thickening/thinning is reversible with cycling and shows

268 orts the hypothesis of convective removal of thickened Tibetan lithosphere causing major uplift of So

269 I) was computed to detect the relative En/DM thickening to the entire cornea.

270 Upon lithiation the SEI thickens to 70 A and becomes more organic-like.

271 A significantly thickened total macula, GCL, GCC, and pRNFL in study gro

272 idence interval: 1.36, 31.0], P = .01) and a thickened tube (>10 mm) (odds ratio = 8.2 [95% confidenc

273 cancer (TOC), characterized by palmoplantar thickening, upregulate K16 with robust downregulation of

274 linic revealed diverticulum-like images with thickened walls adjacent to the small intestine loops, a

275 The dermal capillaries showed thickened walls and narrowed lumina, whereas the large v

276 uted tomography showed multiple diverticula, thickened walls with showing contrast enhancement and ad

277 Pleural thickening was also notably reduced in 9ING41-treated mi

278 Root thickening was bounded by a maximum diameter, and root t

279 Bilayer thickening was determined from SANS data.

280 t in the depths of the sulci, early cortical thickening was present on the gyri.

281 gan 3 months after instrumentation when wall thickening was reduced (left anterior descending coronar

282 Diffuse wall thickening was seen in 23 cases, focal thickening in 3 a

283 Polypoidal thickening was seen in gallbladder carcinoma.

284 Gray matter hypertrophy and thickening were associated with hypoxemia, respiratory d

285 ents with and without hypoattenuated leaflet thickening were included to study differences between gr

286 on (PAH), correlate with pulmonary arteriole thickening, which suggests that mTORC1 regulation by ald

287 uncertainty about whether these thin sheaths thicken with time and whether they remain viable for ext

288 The visceral pleura was thickened with chronic inflammation, which was prominent

289 4 clinical stages: annular anterior capsule thickening with a distinct splitting margin (stage 1), a

290 We identify discontinuous shear thickening with a marginally jammed regime just below th

291 in 3 patients leading to localized choroidal thickening with elevation of the overlying retinal layer

292 Sections of tetraploid roots showed thickening with enlarged cortex cells.

293 ly characterized by diffuse coronary intimal thickening with pathological vessel remodeling, plaque i

294 Increased epithelial thickening with stromal thinning at the conus and the pr

295 epithelial cell nuclei and showed excessive thickening with the presence of spindle-shaped cells, su

296 oidosis (CA) from other causes of myocardial thickening with, however, scarce data on their head-to-h

297 irflow obstruction who exhibited airway wall thickening without airway narrowing.

298 nspiratory capacity, and greater airway-wall thickening without emphysema according to HRCT than did

299 hy of her abdomen showed diffused bowel wall thickening without evidence of bowel obstruction.

300 rganization, desmin-positive inclusions, and thickened Z-bands.