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   1 e 3D structure could be predicted by protein threading.                                              
     2 ocessing time as a result of increased multi-threading.                                              
     3 ll lead to improvement of the performance of threading.                                              
     4 nt scoring function for low-homology protein threading.                                              
     5 ing time, the code uses clustering and multi-threading.                                              
     6  considered to be less accurate than that by threading.                                              
     7 omains that were determined by computational threading.                                              
     8  stabilizes the small seatbelt loop prior to threading.                                              
     9 e domain is required for DNA binding but not threading.                                              
    10 nd reduced computation time through multiple threading.                                              
    11 nces, conversion of FASTQ formats, and multi-threading.                                              
    12 iously proposed consecutive-hopping model of threading.                                              
    13 sulting in a negative activation enthalpy of threading.                                              
    14 ion to occur or to allow through-the-annulus threading?                                              
    15  are engineered at a supramolecular level by threading a conjugated macromolecule, such as poly(para-
    16 own knotted protein topologies: knotting via threading a native-like loop in a preordered intermediat
    17 ch as pantomimes that signify actions (e.g., threading a needle) or emblems that facilitate social tr
    18 ional (3D) models of dimers are generated by threading a target amino acid sequence through several s
  
  
  
    22 n 927 cases, the templates identified by our threading algorithm PROSPECTOR_3 have a rms deviation fr
    23 er target are 0.266, 0.336, and 0.362 by the threading algorithm SP(3), original TASSER and chunk-TAS
  
  
    26 onsensus restraints generated by an improved threading algorithm, PROSPECTOR_3.5, which uses computat
    27 4, and a new local structural fragment-based threading algorithm, STITCH, implemented in two variants
  
  
    30 in 3D structure modeling, combining multiple threading alignment information should increase the accu
  
    32 dimensional (3D) atomic models from multiple threading alignments and iterative structural assembly s
    33 which ensure the quick generation of initial threading alignments compared with traditional remote-se
    34 to combine the ab initio model with multiple threading alignments for further improving the robustnes
    35 mportantly, the quality of the corresponding threading alignments is comparable to these constructed 
    36 nition accuracy was observed when inaccurate threading alignments were used to identify common residu
  
  
    39 l is similar to one derived previously using threading analysis, a distinct computational approach, s
  
  
    42 ces in recent decades on sequence alignment, threading and alignment-free methods, protein homology d
    43 udies revealed that the rates of the polymer threading and dethreading in and out of the dimeric syst
  
  
    46 ein modeling (TM) methods, including protein threading and homology modeling, especially when the seq
    47 s residues, and a method of fold recognition/threading and homology modeling, we have computed a thre
  
    49 s assembled in a suspended lipid membrane by threading and mechanically capturing a single strand of 
    50   The alpha-helical structure, as modeled by threading and molecular dynamics simulations, tends to f
  
  
  
    54 ng that [PSI(+)] propagation depends on this threading and that Hsp104 "breaks" prion aggregates by e
  
  
  
  
    59  escape has stronger voltage dependence than threading, and that threading is sensitive to polymer or
    60 ix adopts a hairpin-like configuration while threading, and the minor route to an entropically limite
  
  
  
    64 ide complexes that were used in the original threading approach, we included three other sources of i
    65 ts towards the development of more sensitive threading approaches, confident structural models cannot
  
  
    68 , 3D models are constructed by the iterative threading assembly refinement (I-TASSER) simulations, wh
    69 tein structure prediction algorithm, pro-sp3-Threading/ASSEmbly/Refinement (TASSER), is described and
  
  
  
  
  
    75 ms and addressed the fold stability issue of threading-based structure prediction by molecular dynami
  
    77 RT and NiPRT, respectively) were achieved by threading bis(azide)bis(amide)-2,2'-bipyridine axle into
    78 uence-specific interaction of DNA with a new threading bisintercalator (C1) consisting of two interca
    79 G2000 chains is only three times slower than threading by a conjugate with triethylene glycol chains 
  
    81 ecting from several structural templates for threading calculations and adding random sequences to th
    82 e, over the endo-benzyl one, was observed by threading calix[8]-wheel 3 with the directional n-butylb
  
  
    85 nalysis pipeline (R-SAP) with built-in multi-threading capability to analyze and quantitate high-thro
    86 request fold recognition by prediction-based threading, CHOP domain assignments, predictions of trans
    87  interactions between the positively charged threading component and macrocyclic ligand, together wit
    88  between the anion template and the cationic threading component, and to a lesser extent favorable se
    89 imidazolium, benzimidazolium and guanidinium threading components, and macrocyclic isophthalamide pol
    90 ormance for a template-based method based on threading (COTH) and another template-based method based
  
  
    93 neous compositional and strain profiles, low threading defect densities, and atomically planar surfac
  
  
    96 cular dendronized polymers, as well as their threading-dethreading properties, were characterized by 
    97 ly asymmetric dumbbell, which can impair the threading/dethreading of a [2]pseudorotaxane, and (ii) c
  
    99 neous compositional and strain profiles, low threading dislocation densities, and atomically planar s
   100 e, and pure GaN layers on Si with the lowest threading dislocation density of 1.1 x 10(7) cm(-2) achi
   101 the onset and progression of diffusion along threading dislocations in sequentially annealed nitride 
  
  
   104 plate with high crystal quality and very few threading dislocations, allowing for further re-growth o
   105 factory model that retains the advantages of threading DNA through colocalized replisomes at about eq
   106 R characteristics, including hydrophobicity, threading efficiency and surface charge, were found to b
   107 suppression of the translocation through the threading-entanglement with the linear matrix chains.   
   108      Here, we provide direct evidence that a threading event associated with formation of either a 31
  
  
   111 alated between the base pairs of ct-DNA in a threading fashion, however, exhibits emission maximum at
   112 rvers in the areas of comparative modelling, threading/fold recognition, secondary structure predicti
   113 tructure-based simulation to investigate the threading/folding mechanisms for all the PLBs along with
   114 volves template identification by multimeric threading, followed by multimer model assembly and refin
   115  that consists of template identification by threading, followed by tertiary structure assembly via t
  
   117 or-acceptor template-directed syntheses in a threading-followed-by-cyclization protocol employing Cu(
  
  
  
   121 at were created during insertion of the self-threading implants, subsequent to repeated MTD measureme
   122 olved ColE9's unstructured N-terminal domain threading in opposite directions through two OmpF subuni
  
  
   125 ext-specific alignment potential for protein threading, including alignment and template selection.  
  
  
   128 the binding affinity and the force-dependent threading intercalation kinetics of the binuclear ruthen
  
   130 easure single DNA molecule elongation due to threading intercalation, revealing force-dependent DNA i
   131 talytic oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) by a threading intercalator (N,N'-bis(3-propylimidazole)-1,4,
  
   133 lanar acridine ring system render these PICs threading intercalators, directing the substituents into
   134 formation and energy potentials derived from threading into a single score representing the relations
  
  
  
  
   139 he design of an apparatus used for molecular threading is presented, and fluorescence and electron mi
   140  voltage dependence than threading, and that threading is sensitive to polymer orientation while esca
   141 ex and that the free energy barrier to chain threading is significantly lower than the hydrolysis bar
   142 nce and structure levels and have shown that threading is, in general, a viable approach for modeling
  
   144 ing, including homology modeling and protein threading, is the most reliable method for protein 3D st
   145      Whereas wrapping is less efficient than threading, it may have facilitated natural experimentati
  
  
   148  squaraine core that ensures fast macrocycle threading kinetics, and (c) sialic acid blocking groups 
   149      Unlike FEN1, Dna2p shows evidence of a "threading-like" mechanism that does not support tracking
  
   151 n outline of known mechanistic principles of threading machines that unfold protein substrates either
   152 imers occurs in this fashion, indicates that threading may be an important phenomenon during protein 
   153    Hence, models involving TerS-mediated DNA threading may be excluded as an essential mechanism for 
   154 indings unravel the puzzling nature of how a threading mechanism can be used in the endoplasmic retic
   155 h may have impeded heterodimer assembly by a threading mechanism, as observed when the hCG seatbelt w
  
  
  
  
   160 de bond assignments and the fold recognition/threading method to search the Protein Data Bank found a
   161  structure of AatA was also predicted by the threading method using the I-TASSER online server and th
   162  method is a classical single-template-based threading method without any post-threading refinement. 
   163 vement as compared with RAPTOR (a well-known threading method) and even a mean 18% (median 10%) impro
  
   165 ficantly more efficient than the "final-step-threading" method employed previously and enables the sy
  
   167 ed as a template database in the homology or threading methods for modeling the 3D structures of unkn
   168 gnments should enhance homology modeling and threading methods for predicting PPIs by providing a bas
   169 r alignments than the best profile-based and threading methods on several public (but small) benchmar
  
   171 as observed for beta-class proteins when the threading methods were used because the average alignmen
   172 ections in the development of more sensitive threading methods with the enhanced capabilities of targ
   173 ld strength required to drive transport, the threading mobility, and the transport mobility were meas
   174 tive double threading, the parameters of the threading model are learnable, and both MHC and peptide 
  
  
   177 e P22 portal ring complexes and validate the threading model, we performed comparative hydrogen/deute
  
  
   180  Hypothetical ring-ring stacking and peptide threading models for Rubisco reactivation are briefly di
  
   182 h the use of homology modeling and structure threading, NDR1 was predicted to have a high degree of s
  
  
  
   186 ervers in a high-acuity visuomotor task, the threading of a needle in a computer-simulated virtual en
   187 s at high helicase concentrations, occurs by threading of a preassembled helicase over free 5'-ends, 
   188 bonyl groups of the CB7 molecules avoids the threading of a second CB7 molecule yielding a mixed stru
  
   190 elies on Hsp70 function and on ATP-dependent threading of aggregated polypeptides through the pore of
  
  
   193 d observations are discussed in terms of the threading of DNA through T-ag hexamers and the initiatio
  
   195  nano-assembly through plasmon-induced laser threading of gold nanoparticle strings, producing conduc
  
  
  
   199 feature of this stability is the topological threading of RNA through the complex and/or around the D
   200 NA-protein interactions using voltage-driven threading of single DNA molecules through a protein nano
   201  Clp ATPases is based on an energy-dependent threading of substrates through the narrow pore at the c
  
   203 ructural analysis of CuPRT revealed complete threading of the axle fragment into the wheel cavity, wh
  
   205 limiting step which is likely to involve the threading of the chain to form the 52-knot occurs late o
   206  translocation, force unfolding, and mediate threading of the denatured protein through the ClpX pore
   207 eric hindrance of the axle phenyl group, the threading of the guest was seen to occur in a unidirecti
   208 ficity for KDM2A is mediated by the U-shaped threading of the H3K36 peptide through a catalytic groov
   209  A complete study of the through-the-annulus threading of the larger calix[8]arene macrocycle with di
   210 he knotted proteins clearly demonstrate that threading of the nascent chain through a knotting loop o
   211 utotransporter secretion is C --> N-terminal threading of the passenger domain through the outer memb
  
  
   214 vity, in combination with the face-selective threading of viologen-type axles afforded by tris(N-phen
   215 ence-to-structure alignments (also known as 'threading') of membrane proteins using the FUGUE alignme
  
  
   218 ure prediction of P22 portal protein and its threading onto the crystal structure of the Phi29 portal
   219  scoring criterion to identify sequences and threadings optimally suited to the LHBH, as in a fold re
  
  
   222 cognition and binding of the flap base, then threading over the 5'-end of the flap, and cleaving peri
   223 ted into the dimer by a mechanism we termed "threading," passing between parts of the preassembled be
   224 rther found that Hsp104 mutants defective in threading peptides through the hexamer pore had reduced 
   225 sults serve to illustrate the versatility of threading polyintercalation given that, in a previous st
   226 erall C(2) symmetry, NMR analysis verified a threading polyintercalation mode of binding, with linker
   227 this study involves the use of rapid protein threading predictor (RAPTOR) to generate tertiary struct
   228 Interestingly, by (1)H NMR monitoring of the threading process between 8(+) and 3, we revealed two ca
  
   230  interface, we utilized the Phyre structural threading program and found that ImaA has a region with 
   231 n 365 cases, the templates identified by our threading program, PROSPECTOR_3, have a root-mean-square
  
  
   234 emperature-dependent studies reveal that the threading rate increases on decreasing the temperature, 
  
  
  
   238 dings, we then proceeded to demonstrate that threading represents a useful tool for structure predict
  
  
  
   242 enerates significantly better alignments and threading results than the best profile-based methods on
  
   244 ed from the top predictions of the component-threading servers, which are at least 7% more accurate t
  
  
   247 e for the OBD central channel in binding and threading ssDNA during unwinding of circular SV40 DNA.  
   248 ffects on the barrier for the intramolecular threading step has been examined with the result that th
   249 , coupling the energy from ATP hydrolysis to threading substrate proteins (SP) through their narrow c
  
   251 nstrated in rotaxane shuttles and macrocycle threading systems, the sensitivity of speed bump effects
  
  
   254  an approach of homology-modeling and remote-threading techniques for the extramembranous domains usi
   255 utative new chemokine was the application of threading techniques to its uncharacterized sequence.   
  
  
   258 tacts in proteins can be predicted from both threading templates and sequence-based machine learning.
   259 tructure chunks of a given target as well as threading templates for obtaining contact potentials and
   260 through rearranging the rigid fragments from threading templates guided by a reduced Calpha and side-
   261 the consensus significance score of multiple threading templates is introduced to estimate the accura
  
  
  
  
   266 study represents the first NMR analysis of a threading tetraintercalator and, as such, structurally c
  
  
  
  
   271 o nucleosome-associated ends still occurs by threading the end through its channel, but rather than d
   272   This explains why most hCG is assembled by threading the glycosylated end of alpha-subunit loop 2 b
   273 re assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum by threading the glycosylated end of alpha-subunit loop two
   274 s differs from hCG assembly, which occurs by threading the glycosylated end of loop alpha2 beneath th
   275 r is stabilized in part by the difficulty of threading the glycosylated end of the alpha-subunit loop
  
   277 the amino acid or peptide guest molecules by threading the lysine or arginine side chain through the 
  
   279  alternative strategy: stabilization through threading the sp-hybridized carbon chain through a phena
   280 ins of similar folds and functional sites by threading the target structure through three representat
  
   282  our approach, which we call adaptive double threading, the parameters of the threading model are lea
   283 ls having been proposed: the "hairpin," the "threading," the "multimeric," and the "Omp85 (YaeT)" mod
   284 n the upper surface of the AAA-1 ring before threading them through the ClpB hexamer in an ATP hydrol
  
  
   287 uctural basis for N- to C-terminal substrate threading through the central cavity, enabling a clockwi
  
  
   290 ore likely to follow the voltage gradient by threading through the narrowest constriction and translo
   291 to correctly capture the time regime of mRNA threading through the pore and subsequent transport.    
  
   293 nzymes employ a two-step mechanism for chain threading to form a Michaelis complex and that the free 
  
  
   296 acid blocking groups that prevent macrocycle threading until they are removed by viral neuraminidase.
   297 mal structures that are generated in gapless threading we show that the SPs and experimentally determ
   298 dicting secondary structure by using gapless threading, which we advocate as an alternative method fo
   299 acroring cannot give the through-the-annulus threading with them because of its small dimension.     
   300 ed how many pegs placed in 30 seconds), bead threading (with two sizes of bead, to increase the diffi
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