ライフサイエンスコーパス: thymosin

1 migration inhibitory factor, ubiquitin, beta-thymosin 4, and calmodulin.

2 Here we report on the ability of thymosin alpha 1 (Talpha1)-a naturally occurring polypep

3 lene glycolated interleukin-2 (PEG-IL-2) and thymosin alpha 1 in addition to zidovudine were studied

4 increased HIV activation during PEG-IL-2 or thymosin alpha 1 therapy.

5 Thymosin alpha 1 was administered subcutaneously at 400

6 Patients tolerated both PEG-IL-2 and thymosin alpha 1 without significant toxicities.

7 increase in CD4 cell count was observed with thymosin alpha 1.

8 tudy; perhaps the most promising of these is thymosin alpha-1.

9 We evaluated the addition of thymosin alpha1 (TA1), an immunomodulatory peptide, to t

10 We analyzed the effect of thymosin alpha1 (Talpha1) on endothelial cell migration,

11 , and the association of actin monomers with thymosin and profilin in the kidney epithelial cell line

12 helical structural similarities between beta-thymosins and the inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), an inhibito

13 The beta-thymosins are a family of highly polar peptides which se

14 The beta-thymosins are actin G-sequestering peptides that regulat

15 By an unknown mechanism, beta-thymosins are extracellular modulators of angiogenesis,

16 Our results suggest that beta-thymosins are not simple actin buffering proteins and th

17 beta-Thymosins are the currently favored candidates for maint

18 ogs of human ribosomal proteins S20 and L41, thymosin) are missing entirely from the nematode proteom

19 beta-Thymosin at levels comparable with that found in the ove

20 ngiogenic and fibroblast-activating peptide, thymosin b4, along with GMT, resulted in further improve

21 To determine if beta-thymosin behaves like a simple G-actin buffering agent i

22 NB thymosin beta (TMSNB) and proteinase-activated receptor

23 olecules (serine/threonine protein kinases), thymosin beta 10 and collagenase I.

24 Transfection of antisense thymosin beta 15 constructs into rat prostatic carcinoma

25 Thymosin beta 15 levels are elevated in human prostate c

26 Thymosin beta 15 may represent a potential new biochemic

27 ts a new member of the thymosin-beta family, thymosin beta 15.

28 Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) is a 4.9 kDa polypeptide that

29 Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) is an actin monomer sequester

30 The mechanisms by which thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta(4)) regulates the inflammatory re

31 of this study was to determine the effect of thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta(4)) treatment on human corneal ep

32 The thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) gene is of biological and pharm

33 Thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4) is a 43-amino acid factor encod

34 Thymosin beta 4 (Tbeta4), a molecule thought to promote

35 ular endothelial growth factor-A [VEGF-A] or thymosin beta 4 [Tbeta4]) was applied regionally.

36 o contacts flank the alpha-helical region of thymosin beta 4 and place it on the barbed end; thymosin

37 NMR data indicate that many parts of thymosin beta 4 are not in tight contact with actin.

38 ontacts requires that the C-terminal half of thymosin beta 4 be in a predominantly extended conformat

39 mosin beta 4 and place it on the barbed end; thymosin beta 4 can thus block actin polymerization ster

40 1 of actin, placing the C-terminal region of thymosin beta 4 in contact with subdomain 2 on the point

41 Circular dichroism data indicate that free thymosin beta 4 is predominantly unstructured, containin

42 contact with subdomain 2 on the pointed end; thymosin beta 4 may sterically block actin polymerizatio

43 lutaminase-mediated cross-linking, Lys-38 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to Gln-41 of actin, pla

44 arbodiimide-mediated cross-linking, Lys-3 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to Glu-167 of actin, an

45 ss-linked to Glu-167 of actin, and Lys-18 of thymosin beta 4 was cross-linked to one of the the N-ter

46 tacts between specific residues in actin and thymosin beta 4 were identified by zero-length cross-lin

47 al portion of the actin monomer-sequestering thymosin beta domain (Tbeta).

48 primarily by the actin sequestering protein thymosin beta four (Tbeta4).

49 eptide that corresponds to the N terminus of thymosin beta(4) (residues 6-22) confirm the presence of

50 ally compete with the actin-binding proteins thymosin beta(4) and actobindin to bind to actin.

51 actin and thymosin beta(4), and explain why thymosin beta(4) and profilin can bind simultaneously to

52 Intracellular concentrations of thymosin beta(4) and profilin may greatly exceed the equ

53 at significant allosteric changes affect the thymosin beta(4) binding site.

54 mplification mechanism by which profilin and thymosin beta(4) can sequester much more actin than is p

55 oteinase (TIMP)-4, laminin alpha4 chain, and thymosin beta(4) genes were downregulated.

56 nd essentially in all cells and body fluids, thymosin beta(4) has the potential for significant roles

57 although activated factor XIII incorporates thymosin beta(4) into the isolated gamma-module and alph

58 ctin, then its ability to inhibit binding by thymosin beta(4) is a surprising result that suggests th

59 despite much lower affinity, the N-terminal thymosin beta(4) peptide has a very slow dissociation ra

60 d independently to actin, whereas binding of thymosin beta(4) to actin is inhibited by latrunculin A.

61 gnificant with molar incorporation ratios of thymosin beta(4) to fibrinogen and fibrin of 0.2 and 0.4

62 activated factor XIII, while in its presence thymosin beta(4) was effectively incorporated into fibri

63 incorporation, we studied the interaction of thymosin beta(4) with fibrinogen, fibrin, and their reco

64 Thymosin beta(4), a small ubiquitous protein containing

65 fluorescence anisotropy show that profilin, thymosin beta(4), and actin form a ternary complex.

66 extensive binding surface between actin and thymosin beta(4), and explain why thymosin beta(4) and p

67 a site that sterically influences binding by thymosin beta(4), then the observation that latrunculin

68 formation of complexes of profilin-actin or thymosin beta(4)-actin during dynamic remodeling of the

69 tional change occurring at the N terminus of thymosin beta(4).

70 actin-monomer sequestering proteins such as thymosin beta(4).

71 brin(ogen) a physiologically active peptide, thymosin beta(4).

72 nsembles of an alpha-helical protein segment thymosin beta(9) (Tbeta(9)), and elucidate the comprehen

73 ocyte glycoprotein [MOG], beta-actin [ACTB], thymosin beta-10 [TB10], and superior cervical ganglion-

74 ed on human malignant tumors revealed strong thymosin beta-10 expression in tumor blood vessels.

75 Thymosin beta-10 expression was modulated by VPF/VEGF an

76 ced in senescent EC, that VPF/VEGF modulates thymosin beta-10 expression, and that EC can become sene

77 0, whereas bacterial suspensions upregulated thymosin beta-10 expression, suggesting that M. bovis or

78 Our evidence suggests that upregulation of thymosin beta-10 in M. bovis-infected macrophages is lin

79 The reduced expression of thymosin beta-10 may contribute to the senescent phenoty

80 ivated M. bovis induced a slight increase in thymosin beta-10 mRNA, whereas live virulent and attenua

81 l line (RAW 264.7) overexpressing the bovine thymosin beta-10 transgene had spontaneous apoptosis at

82 Increased differential expression of thymosin beta-10 was identified in M. bovis-infected bov

83 tex beads had no effect on the expression of thymosin beta-10, whereas bacterial suspensions upregula

84 sel endothelium, exhibited weak staining for thymosin beta-10.

85 The molecular mechanisms of thymosin beta-4 (TB4) involved in regulating hepatic ste

86 peptide 3 (CTAP-3), platelet basic protein, thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta-4), fibrinopeptide B (FP-B), and

87 ormed pulldown experiments with biotinylated thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta4) in comparison to neutravidin be

88 r protein, rRNA external transcribed spacer, thymosin beta-4, cyclin B1 and several predicted peptide

89 l lines, that represents a new member of the thymosin-beta family, thymosin beta 15.

90 Thymosin-beta(4) (Tbeta(4)) binds actin monomers stoichi

91 plex environment of a cell, we overexpressed thymosin beta10 (Tbeta 10) in NIH3T3 cells and determine

92 cell mobility from abnormalities in PTEN and thymosin beta15 (Tbeta15), genes which are commonly alte

93 ring development and in adulthood respond to Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) and myocardial infarction (MI) b

94 Here we identify thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) as essential for all aspects of

95 ine residues to the affinity and kinetics of thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) binding to MgATP-actin monomers.

96 igated whether the angiogenic thymic peptide thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) enhanced wound healing in a rat

97 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) has been shown to enhance the su

98 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) is a highly conserved G-actin bi

99 Specifically, a caged form of thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) was photoactivated in a defined

100 Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4), a G-actin-sequestering peptide,

101 In this paper we identify Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4/Tmsb4x), which encodes an actin m

102 Thus, thymosin beta4 accelerates hair growth, in part, due to

103 aryotic actin modulators such as cofilin and thymosin beta4 and arcadin-2 is a depolymeriser of crena

104 Two of these reagents, thymosin beta4 and DNase I, potently inhibited the seque

105 g assays using chick aortic arches show that thymosin beta4 and the actin-binding motif of the peptid

106 uction were predicted by a >80% reduction in thymosin beta4 and ubiquitin levels that were detectable

107 actin monomer-binding proteins profilin and thymosin beta4 as key molecules that localize actin mono

108 In situ AAV2.9-mediated gene transfer of thymosin beta4 attenuated graft rejection in a heterotop

109 At low concentrations, thymosin beta4 but not DNase I was stimulatory.

110 Downregulation of thymosin beta4 by RNAi in cultured glomerular endothelia

111 o acid peptide demonstrating it as the major thymosin beta4 cell binding site on the molecule.

112 consequence of the differential affinity of thymosin beta4 for ATP- and ADP-G-actin.

113 We found that thymosin beta4 formed a functional complex with PINCH an

114 lting in a rise in the concentration of free thymosin beta4 from 4 to 11 microm.

115 Thymosin beta4 immunostaining was increased in sclerotic

116 icular keratinocytes in mouse skin expresses thymosin beta4 in a highly coordinated manner during the

117 Thymosin beta4 is a marker of such early events and may

118 Thymosin beta4 is a ubiquitous 43 amino acid, 5 kDa poly

119 demonstrate that the actin binding motif of thymosin beta4 is an essential site for its angiogenic a

120 Thymosin beta4 is angiogenic and can promote endothelial

121 at a seven amino acid actin binding motif of thymosin beta4 is essential for its angiogenic activity.

122 Thymosin beta4 is unique, because oxidation attenuates i

123 Additionally, nonlinear effects of thymosin beta4 on the steady state amount of F-actin are

124 er the addition of a trace amount of labeled thymosin beta4 or thymosin beta4 peptide.

125 a trace amount of labeled thymosin beta4 or thymosin beta4 peptide.

126 These findings suggest that thymosin beta4 promotes cardiomyocyte migration, surviva

127 e show that the G-actin sequestering peptide thymosin beta4 promotes myocardial and endothelial cell

128 Here, we report that thymosin beta4 stimulates hair growth in normal rats and

129 In vitro, thymosin beta4 sulfoxide inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis

130 Here we show that thymosin beta4 sulfoxide is generated by monocytes in th

131 the C-terminal pointed end-capping helix of thymosin beta4 to tandem W domains can change their acti

132 After coronary artery ligation in mice, thymosin beta4 treatment resulted in upregulation of ILK

133 Furthermore, adhesion to thymosin beta4 was blocked by this seven amino acid pept

134 The adhesion and sprouting activity of thymosin beta4 was inhibited with the addition of 5-50 n

135 Thymosin beta4, a 43-amino acid polypeptide that is an i

136 e, Wilm's tumour 1 (Wt1), through priming by thymosin beta4, a peptide previously shown to restore va

137 Thymosin beta4, a protein with relevant interactions wit

138 opes derived from complement 3, collagen II, thymosin beta4, and gelsolin.

139 Using naturally occurring thymosin beta4, proteolytic fragments, and synthetic pep

140 ants on micropatterned substrates containing thymosin beta4-hydrogel.

141 In human T-cell/CD14+ monocyte co-cultures, thymosin beta4-sulfoxide inhibits interferon-gamma, and

142 Thus, thymosin beta4-sulfoxide is a putative target for therap

143 Here we reveal that thymosin beta4-sulfoxide lies downstream of hydrogen per

144 cells and to add Sonic hedgehog, FGF10, and thymosin beta4.

145 the C-terminal pointed end-capping helix of thymosin beta4.

146 rdiomyocytes in culture was also enhanced by thymosin beta4.

147 matrix metalloproteinase-2 were increased by thymosin beta4.

148 the presence of nanomolar concentrations of thymosin beta4.

149 With solutions of actin (2 microM) and thymosin-beta4 (2 or 4 microM), the barbed-end assembly

150 this study was to investigate the ability of thymosin-beta4 (Taubeta4) to promote healing in an alkal

151 Thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4) and profilin are the two major s

152 Here, we show that local regulation of thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4) binding to actin monomer (G-acti

153 this communication, we investigated whether thymosin-beta4 (Tbeta4), a chemokine expressed by HSC co

154 Actin assembly in presence of thymosin-beta4 and profilin fit a simple thermodynamic e

155 n, actin assembly curves over a 0.7-4 microM thymosin-beta4 concentration range fit a simple monomer

156 ecretogranin-II, cathepsin-L, stromelysin-1, thymosin-beta4, alpha-tubulin, alphaB-crystallin, glycer

157 Without thymosin-beta4, both actin and Profilin.Actin (P.A) are

158 es, such as the neuropeptide substance P and thymosin-beta4, the precursor to the bioactive peptide A

159 oncentrations of free G-actin, profilin- and thymosin-beta4-bound G-actin, and free barbed and pointe

160 the fluorophore markedly weakens binding to thymosin-beta4.

161 n catalyst that captures actin monomers from Thymosin-beta4.Actin and ushers actin as a Profilin.Acti

162 onomer sequestering model (1 microM K(D) for Thymosin-beta4.Actin).

163 The corresponding constant for thymosin-beta4.pyrenyl-Actin, however, was significantly

164 certain threshold an incremental increase in thymosin does not lead to a corresponding increase in G-

165 As a consequence, an increase in beta-thymosin does not necessarily result in a proportionate

166 changes to actin-sequestering proteins beta-thymosins during development were observed.

167 The outcome depends on the level of beta-thymosin expression relative to the composition of the o

168 It is the most abundant member of the beta-thymosin family in mammalian tissue and is regarded as t

169 ed peptides exhibited a homology to the beta-thymosin family of actin-binding protein.

170 In vitro, beta-thymosins form 1:1 complexes with actin monomers and inh

171 ould be accounted for by dissociation of the thymosin-G-actin binary complex, resulting in a rise in

172 We were interested in identifying beta-thymosin interactors and determining their importance in

173 Tbeta 10 is the predominant beta-thymosin isoform in the NIH3T3 cell line, and it is pres

174 n in embryonic chick brain and the only beta thymosin isoform present; (b) ADF may play a significant

175 No other beta thymosin isoforms were detected in these brain extracts.

176 tal-related protein containing multiple beta-thymosin-like domains.

177 as cloned and shown to contain multiple beta-thymosin-like domains.

178 keletal-related protein 24) is a 24 kDa beta-thymosin-like protein that is associated with intermedia

179 ession of proteins including ubiquitin, beta-thymosin, myelin basic protein, and hemoglobin were spat

180 ors and determining their importance in beta-thymosins signaling in human vein endothelial cells (HUV

181 educes the monomer buffering ability of beta-thymosin, so that above a certain threshold an increment

182 We investigate thymosin ss4 (Tss4) possessing anti-inflammatory and pro

183 We demonstrate that, upon G-actin binding, thymosin ss4 (Tss4), induces MRTF translocation to the n