ライフサイエンスコーパス: time scale

1 ency as high as 200 nm mW(-1) on the sub-1 s time scale.

2 ugh conformational exchange on a millisecond time scale.

3 nic structure of the flavin on the ultrafast time scale.

4 e the protein fluctuations on the picosecond time scale.

5 aturation does occur at ambient pH on a slow time scale.

6 rance and disappearance on a tens of seconds time scale.

7 me of intermediate states on the millisecond time scale.

8 t in the membrane on a biologically relevant time scale.

9 ficantly extend over a range on an hour-long time scale.

10 sored variables using Cox models with age as time scale.

11 ing high-energy triplets on a sub-picosecond time scale.

12 via intersystem crossing on a 1.5 +/- 0.2 ps time scale.

13 ivo binding kinetics estimates on the minute time scale.

14 g precise motor execution at the millisecond time scale.

15 r via an equilibrium that is slow on the NMR time scale.

16 detection or not conducted on an appropriate time scale.

17 low amplitude and of hundreds of nanoseconds time scale.

18 infectious slice culture model on a reduced time scale.

19 story and understory, regardless of temporal time scale.

20 ourse of the Lombard effect on a millisecond time scale.

21 ons in liquid water on the atto/femto-second time scale.

22 ay interconvert on the micro- to millisecond time scale.

23 in South Africa is unlikely within a 50-year time scale.

24 n interactions and dynamics on the ultrafast time scale.

25 llowed by corrin ring relaxation on a 260 fs time scale.

26 ltiple chemosensory stimuli over a prolonged time scale.

27 nd fix DNA damage on a biologically relevant time scale.

28 rahertz nanoantennas within a sub-picosecond time-scale.

29 protein-RNA interactions in vivo on a minute time-scale.

30 ocytic glutamate uptake is dynamic on a fast time-scale.

31 c information from nanosecond to millisecond time scales.

32 for generation system adequacy at the longer time scales.

33 loss and appearance of taxa common on short time scales.

34 e, same particle on nanometer and ultrashort time scales.

35 rient cycling and river food webs at decadal time scales.

36 treme light climate varies on many different time scales.

37 tial dynamics occurring within user-selected time scales.

38 n uniquely probe proteins structures on many time scales.

39 ions are also highly preserved over multiple time scales.

40 re also found in observations on interannual time scales.

41 e and gradually modify song rhythm over long time scales.

42 rprisingly, its mobility is reduced at short time scales.

43 ibit structural fluctuations over decades of time scales.

44 likely only an important process over short time scales.

45 n microscopy to access unexplored length and time scales.

46 plications for other IM experiments on these time scales.

47 by oscillatory gene expression at different time scales.

48 ive vertical movements to forage on subdaily time scales.

49 factors covary negatively at the interannual time scales.

50 (HAT), changes over seasonal and interannual time scales.

51 ecursors of lapsing attention over different time scales.

52 er pools and from femtosecond to microsecond time scales.

53 nihilation and movement of defects over long time scales.

54 s-species transmission events on more recent time scales.

55 d, which results in larger signals at longer time scales.

56 provides evidence of motions on at least two time scales.

57 sizes and, in dynamical simulations, longer time scales.

58 tions that vary with location and over short time scales.

59 ng shifts in large whale movements over long time scales.

60 mentary archives on subdecadal to millennial time scales.

61 ost-translational and longer transcriptional time scales.

62 ecipitate many ecological changes over short time scales.

63 ia propensity of a location across different time scales.

64 labama, USA at annual, seasonal, and nightly time scales.

65 and chemical reactions over a wide range of time scales.

66 er has changed over inter-decadal and longer time scales.

67 ate cross-modal temporal influences in short time scales.

68 m dynamics spanning picosecond to nanosecond time scales.

69 nd WP volume (WPV) on interannual to decadal time scales.

70 obe increasingly smaller volumes and shorter time scales.

71 acted the intensity of the WAM on millennial time scales.

72 that TNFalpha undergoes motions on different time scales.

73 y tides and mean sea level (MSL) at multiple time scales.

74 orecasting TC activity at daily and seasonal time-scales.

75 ly stable species interactions at millennial time-scales.

76 to predict labelled cell dynamics over most time-scales.

77 ence discrimination on behaviorally relevant time-scales.

78 ly declining populations over a contemporary time scale (20 generations).

79 ia correlation with the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale 2012, implies growth rates of 4.82 mm/Ma, 4.9

80 s was negligible in intact saplings over two time scales, 24 h and 3 weeks.

81 nual time scales, as well as at multidecadal time scales across 37-54 degrees S, latitudinal gradient

82 sent advantages beyond low volumes and short time-scale analysis, conventionally provided by microflu

83 tation leads to altered dynamics on a mus-ms time scale and deactivates both of the divalent cation-b

84 he Ras1/2 GTPase is delayed, pinpointing its time scale and its contribution to the dynamic features

85 a protease at many positions in a practical time scale and provides a foundation for the development

86 to fit the data and estimate the amplitudes, time scales and activation energies.

87 on the femto-, pico-, nano-, and microsecond time scales and are examined by multiwavelength as well

88 n emission processes can occur on nanosecond time scales and can be nearly 2 orders of magnitude fast

89 al organization that predominates at shorter time scales and coexists with synchronized ultradian rhy

90 etween reaction, diffusion, and accumulation time scales and enabling the prediction and design of fu

91 ey are often evaluated over macro-ecological time scales and end-point measurements.

92 studying cellular heterogeneity at different time scales and for discovering new layers of molecular

93 capacity of excess wind generation at short time scales and for generation system adequacy at the lo

94 leading to rupture and reproduces empirical time scales and stresses.

95 acclimate to ocean acidification over short time scales and that as coastal oceans continue to acidi

96 ndary products formed on different oxidation time scales and that despite being photochemical product

97 rsible deformations allows us to explain the time scales and the amplitudes of oscillations in terms

98 fall feedback on the seasonal to interannual time scale, and find that it is associated with a moistu

99 ed in the conduction band of TiO2 on an ms-s time scale, and we propose that they lead to further red

100 occur over a broad spectrum of amplitude and time scales, and are often related to biological functio

101 ismatches: reversal of dCas9 binding at long time scales, and synergistic changes in association kine

102 hat pH in S. cerevisiae changes over several time scales, and that imaging pH offers a new way to mea

103 The local heat flux and dryout time scale are measured as the liquid wicks through surf

104 ted-state (T1) lifetimes on the microseconds time scale are simultaneously realized.

105 electrons observed on micro- to millisecond time scales are unable to reduce electron acceptors on t

106 nanosecond (tens to hundreds of nanoseconds) time scales, are smaller in the central parts of helices

107 tively stable seasonally and over geological time scales, are thus responsible for both ecological an

108 We show that at interannual time scales, as well as at multidecadal time scales acro

109 e distribution of large fluctuations and the time scale associated with switching between ordered sta

110 cell's accuracy in detecting gradients over time scales associated with the initiation of polarized

111 that react at tractable rates on laboratory time scales at -78 degrees C.

112 n calibration curve and the Late Pleistocene time-scale at ca. 40 ka.

113 Large-scale transitions in SERCA occur at time-scales beyond the current reach of unbiased molecul

114 nd breaks, chromatin is more mobile at large time scales but, surprisingly, its mobility is reduced a

115 ocesses during a solid growth over realistic time scales, but its application to the growth modeling

116 n rotary motor are followed on the ultrafast time scale by femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy

117 ration of chemosensory stimuli over extended time scales by interglomerular synchrony of infra-slow b

118 netic changes on very different evolutionary time scales by reevolving lost mutations and reusing the

119 his negative feedback, operating on a longer time scale, changes switch-like behavior into oscillatio

120 es, resulting in interactions at novel space-time scale combinations that are diverse and predictable

121 When the applied disorder fluctuates on time scales comparable to intersite tunnelling, we inste

122 tions in liquids occur on similar or shorter time scales compared to the equilibration of the optical

123 via solvation or large polaron formation on time scales competitive with that of ultrafast cooling.

124 extreme rainfall events and weakened slower-time-scale components is not yet reported.

125 e planar and linear alkyne ground state on a time scale decreasing from a few hundred to ten picoseco

126 while tumbling was slow or close to the NMR time scale depending on the position and stereochemistry

127 oduct O2 is slow, on a millisecond to second time scale depending on the S state.

128 roper position and orientation on reasonable time scales does not uniquely choose a model, we find th

129 states undergo significant amounts of mus-ms time scale dynamics, only the MCA samples a dominant exc

130 On one time scale, dynamics of walking are consistent over hund

131 Well-characterized time scales elucidating the EP effect are important for

132 ollective/hydrodynamic modes, and (iii) long-time-scale emergence of continuum, viscous flow.

133 Slow host-guest exchange on the NMR time scale enabled the characterization of the encapsula

134 d distribution arising on the sub-nanosecond time-scale even in the absence of size and anisotropy di

135 yme hypothesis (vibrational) and also slower time scale events that are non-Born-Oppenheimer in natur

136 molecule dynamics, (ii) nonequilibrium, long-time-scale excitation of collective/hydrodynamic modes,

137 ial assembly reaction occurs rapidly, on the time scale expected from low resolution measurements.

138 rements that are absent in more typical long time-scale experiments and are obscured in short time-sc

139 -scale experiments and are obscured in short time-scale experiments when standard assumptions regardi

140 t individual NPs, which can occur on a rapid time scale (few mus).

141 Longer time scale fluctuations were also observed and attribute

142 cally reactive and reacts in the microsecond time scale following a first-order kinetic law.

143 This sets the time scale for formation of the gas giants and planet mi

144 timal Cand1 concentration in cells where the time scale for substrate degradation becomes minimal.

145 new interpretation suggests a very different time scale for the UFG cores with changes of up to 80 ye

146 ks down near its border due to the differing time scales for proton versus heavy-atom motion.

147 2D IR measurements yield three time scales for structural spectral diffusion (SSD), tha

148 geochemical environments and relatively long time scales for transport through the floodplain aquifer

149 tly describes the main features and transfer time scales found in recent experiments.

150 e strength of connections between neurons on time scales from milliseconds to a few seconds.

151 e potential and reliability of the method on time scales from milliseconds to minutes by investigatin

152 etic activation of 5-HT neurons in mice over time scales from seconds to weeks.

153 he planet, is constantly changing on various time scales, from decades to millennia and longer.

154 of hydration water relaxation with distinct time scales, from hundreds of femtoseconds to a hundred

155 lly modulated CI stimulation across multiple time scales has remained largely unclear.

156 On longer evolutionary time scales, hybridization can lead to local adaption th

157 state systems, including: (i) near-collision-time-scale hydrodynamic organization of single-molecule

158 The slow time scale implies that interconversion involves changes

159 t and Debye length effects on characteristic time scale in a binary electrolyte solution using parall

160 degrees amplitude on a tens-of-microseconds time scale in one of the crystals, but not in others.

161 t occurred in neighboring alveoli over short-time scales in all tested positive end-expiratory pressu

162 transmission due to "preaging" on millennial time scales in catchment soils prior to its ultimate dep

163 al composition changes over relatively short time scales in European forests.

164 To study its dynamics at multiple time scales in response to inputs approximating real spa

165 ial growth via real-time detection over long time scales in small volumes and can thus be used for th

166 is pool is likely to persist over millennial time scales in the prolonged absence of fire.

167 seasonally but has also varied on millennial time-scales in response to changes in the seasonal distr

168 se in the reverse rate of condensation, with time scales increasing from nanoseconds to tens of milli

169 ive membrane changes on a seconds-to-minutes time scale, indicating that the duration of endocytosis

170 early stages of growth because of the short time scale involved.

171 axial Co-CN bond and Co-NIm bond on a 110 fs time scale is followed by corrin ring relaxation on a 26

172 EDL and modifications to the characteristic time scale is necessary for porous electrodes.

173 t growth of the triplet signal on picosecond time scales is attributable to spatial separation of the

174 excitation of specific transitions on short time scales is essential, such as time-of-flight tomogra

175 microstructure over relevant temperature and time scales is successfully demonstrated.

176 s the potential of ITC measurements of rapid time scale kinetics in conjunction with the ITC-ERM appr

177 eciable changes in ocean ridge bathymetry on time scales less than 100,000 years and thus cannot refl

178 detects assembly structure at many different time scales, levels of precision, and with arbitrary int

179 ng of the entanglement dynamics in the space-time scaling limit.

180 togravity signals open the window for minute time-scale magnitude determination for great earthquakes

181 Charge localization on the picosecond time scale manifests as a time-dependent Stark shift in

182 vered non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics in short time-scale measurements that are absent in more typical

183 non-THF solvents occurred on the laboratory time scale (minutes at ambient temperatures).

184 is trend, we investigated the short and long time scale molecular motions of the molecular cages usin

185 ally fold faster than an entire domain, on a time scale more consistent with translation rate modulat

186 Finally, we show that quenching of fast time scale motions observed upon ligand binding to adeny

187 Thus, a hierarchical combination of time-scaled neuroendocrine signals displays local-global

188 clearly demonstrate that sorption/desorption time scales observed in batch experiments may not be tra

189 In the tropics, long time-scale oceanic variability precludes determination o

190 Biological oscillations with an ultradian time scale of 1 to several hours include cycles in behav

191 by complete orientational randomization on a time scale of 900 +/- 20 ps, significantly slower than o

192 can FAIMS and MS nested data sets within the time scale of a UHPLC peak.

193 rements, W32 oxidation-reduction occurs on a time scale of about 4 ms and is coupled to the release a

194 differs from both the hypothetical expected time scale of diffusion process and the long time delay

195 ectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) we show that a time scale of hours (t>/=4 h) is required for the format

196 the lowest excited state is observed on the time scale of hundreds of femtoseconds in all molecules

197 hebox)Ir(OAc)(n-octyl) (2-Oc) proceeded on a time scale of minutes at -15 degrees C in the presence o

198 injection velocity, layering emerges over a time scale of minutes.

199 xchange on a spatial scale of kilometers and time scale of months to years suggests a need to evolve

200 etabolic elimination is long relative to the time scale of relative lipid loss (e.g., exceeding 10(4)

201 matrix water exchange with each other on the time scale of seconds, suggesting that fibril bundling s

202 SOA, which reduced the yield by 40% within a time scale of seconds.

203 7 folding upon binding to Cdk2/cyclin A on a time scale of several seconds.

204 The time scale of stomatal closure and xylem cavitation duri

205 izer with biphasic kinetics on a much longer time scale of ten to several hundred nanoseconds.

206 The time scale of the effects of emotional arousal on neutra

207 are rendered magnetically equivalent on the time scale of the experiment due to dynamic disorder, wh

208 pin hops rapidly over the whole chain on the time scale of the hyperfine coupling (ca. 100 ns).

209 at involves three key parameters: the drying time scale of the liquid film wicking into the surface s

210 re slow to reversibly form agglomerates (the time scale of the reverse deagglomeration process is of

211 ced state of the NDI-based macrocycle on the time scale of these techniques.

212 ting Y731 is conformationally dynamic on the time scale of turnover.

213 urrents, but does not capture well the short time scales of activation, desensitization, and deactiva

214 ated with cell shape and are unstable at the time scales of cell expansion.

215 ovides a possible mechanism for aligning the time scales of cellular and behavioral learning.

216 thern lakes of Europe and North America over time scales of decades to millennia.

217 l degrees of freedom of these systems on the time scales of femtosecond to picoseconds delivers new i

218 es, thus effectively decoupling evolutionary time scales of geomorphology and hydrology.

219 ng animals, this was only apparent over long time scales of knockdown.

220 to be expected, even in acidic waters, since time scales of light-mediated Fe(III) reduction and ther

221 te or synchronize neuronal firing on shorter time scales of milliseconds to minutes.

222 to the biomolecular surface on two separate time scales of motion, corresponding to diffusive water

223 Consideration of the time scales of reversibility of TSLR due to short-lived

224 we study nuclear shape fluctuations at short time scales of seconds in human cells.

225 to the configuration r(N) , 4) the relative time scales of the simulation and experiment, 5) the deg

226 This has implications on the space and time scales of water quality mitigation efforts.

227 ng result that the fundamental limit of T(2) time scaling of quantum Fisher information can be broken

228 coarse temporal resolution compared with the time-scale of neural dynamics.

229 time-scale of this decay is in line with the time-scale of the dispersion of the RecA filament cluste

230 n be elicited by inputs which fluctuate on a time-scale of the membrane time-constant of the neurons.

231 r groups; however, water does accelerate the time-scale of these fluctuations.

232 We find that the time-scale of this decay is in line with the time-scale

233 istribution at the target rear only at later time-scales of 10 ps, resulting in a commensurate large

234 We show that the time-scales of interface movement and brine layer swelli

235 coexistence is largely restricted to modern time-scales of years to decades.

236 hanical force, undergo accelerated ageing in times scales of minutes to days.

237 eaction processes on the nanometer-ultrafast time scale opens new venues for engineering various reac

238 cross-linking reaction occurred on the same time scale or slower than binding dynamics; for these in

239 zation on water quality requires knowing the time scale over which recrystallization occurs.

240 different seasonal drivers, to determine the time-scale over which chronic shedding is detectable and

241 rapid concentration changes as well as long-time scale pharmacokinetic profiles.

242 Overall, our simulations showed that a virus time-scaled phylogeny (genealogy) may be substantially d

243 The time-scaled phylogeny suggested that K. pneumoniae strai

244 e displacements, we quantified DNA motion at time scales ranging from 10 milliseconds to minute and f

245 otophysics of a series of carbon nitrides on time scales ranging from femtoseconds to seconds.

246 adapt to changes in luminance over multiple time scales ranging from tens of milliseconds to minutes

247 quency for the valence bands are observed at time scales ranging from the femtosecond to the picoseco

248 nner-layer water collectively relaxes in two time scales, reorientation motions in a few picoseconds

249 redness, and response at seasonal to decadal time-scales requires an understanding of the climatic co

250 d-picosecond time scale, suggesting relevant time scale(s) for those vibrations implicated in the "he

251 for adapting to temporal changes at multiple time scales (seconds-to-minutes to circadian).

252 on of electrons in the microcosm occurs on a time scale set by the atomic unit of time-24 attoseconds

253 g this question is challenging because human time scales set a limit on the largest measurable viscos

254 28 years, using mixed models and a backward time scale, shows that in those with dementia, differenc

255 that Y731 changes conformation on the ns-mus time scale, significantly faster than the enzymatic kcat

256 600 ps in addition to short and intermediate time scales similar to those measured for selenocyanate

257 At longer time scales, smaller mutation supplies may in theory lea

258 The adaptation time scales span from milliseconds to days, involving di

259 phase footprinting approaches that differ in time scale, specificity for protein residue side chains

260 IR experiments is the observation of a long time scale structural spectral diffusion component of 60

261 s showed no significant dissolution over the time scales studied.

262 kes less than 2 min, is suitable for a short-time-scale study, and minimizes the in vitro underestima

263 "heavy" enzymes on the nanosecond-picosecond time scale, suggesting relevant time scale(s) for those

264 ability of these relationships over multiple time scales suggests that these stable pathways may be r

265 gement is highly dynamic on a submillisecond time scale, switching between closed and open conformati

266 This rule, named behavioral time scale synaptic plasticity, abruptly modifies inputs

267 ly focus on reactions taking place over long time scales (tens of minutes or hours) in order to avoid

268 rrangement process occurs over a much longer time scale than seen by diffraction.

269 gh thermal expansion (TSLR) over much longer time scales than their atmospheric lifetimes.

270 h to expose hydrophobic residues on the same time scale that bimolecular association occurs, whereas

271 hold and occurred only at concentrations and time scales that allowed Abeta(1-42) aggregates to form.

272 In other words, on the time scales that are experimentally accessible by single

273 olded but spontaneously unfold and refold on time scales that can span orders of magnitude for differ

274 ty of atmospheric CO2 levels on astronomical time scales that is not yet captured in existing proxy r

275 ructural and electronic changes at ultrafast time scales that often are very difficult or impossible

276 beam-like hot electron transport at initial time-scales that may be attributed to the local resistiv

277 in's macromolecular electrostatics at slower time scales; that is, both Born-Oppenheimer and non-Born

278 in growth among all four taxa at interannual time scales, the first such result for the Southern Hemi

279 ntal shifts are necessarily limited to short time scales, the fossil record can potentially provide a

280 Beyond seasonal time scales, the two intrusions were not synchronous dur

281 cularly over a chronic (months postexposure) time scale, though not beyond naturally occurring rates

282 ative two-state folding on a sub-millisecond time scale through a late transition state of all four d

283 transmission capturing medium- to long-term time scales to detect genetic associations that are like

284 s are increasingly interested in the decadal time scales to understand adaptation challenges and inve

285 time, allowing larger systems and/or longer time-scales to be tackled, but attempts to machine-learn

286 n dynamics that short-circuit a microseconds time scale triplet lifetime.

287 was studied on the ultrafast, sub-picosecond time scale using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy, g

288 aromatic anhydrides are formed on convenient time scales using the common, commercially available pep

289 With the focus on the ultrafast time scale, we here discuss the light-induced electron p

290 ed to examine motions on the low microsecond time scale when probing these types of interactions.

291 he solvent was fast (seconds on the (1)H NMR time scale), whereas the corresponding stereoinversion o

292 that span orders of magnitude in length and time scale, which can be applied to a broad range of the

293 d by the spin-orbit torque on the nanosecond time scale, which points to exciting opportunities for u

294 ws predominant variability over multidecadal time scales, which is unlikely to be explained by the In

295 ctures is indeed found to be fast on the NMR time scale while it is generally slow in the case of hel

296 Guest exchange was slow on the NMR time scale, while tumbling was slow or close to the NMR

297 asuring pA-range currents on the microsecond time scale with a very low noise and stable background w

298 fs excitation pulse, trap on the picosecond time scale with trap states in a range of energies, and

299 lementary plasticity on the same millisecond time scale within inhibitory vestibular nuclei networks

300 f folding and unfolding rates on much faster time scales, yet even this regime is not fast enough for