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1 te and releasing the peptide from the P-site transfer RNA.
2 separated 30S and 50S subunits and initiator transfer RNA.
3 ate, resulting in a P/E hybrid state for the transfer RNA.
4 ce complementary to the 3' end of a cellular transfer RNA.
5 t attachment of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNA.
6 solely responsible for the aminoacylation of transfer RNA.
7 of the nascent protein chain from the P-site transfer RNA.
8 acid that is already attached to a "correct" transfer RNA.
9 g to a spring-like deformation of the P-site transfer RNA.
10 lation to specific locations in ribosomal or transfer RNA.
11 (U) to pseudouridine (Psi) at position 55 in transfer RNA.
12 function, plus three ribosomal RNAs, and 17 transfer RNAs.
13 dogenous 5'-phosphate-capped RNAs, including transfer RNAs.
14 DNA replication, chromosomal breakpoints and transfer RNAs.
15 ression of amino acid biosynthesis genes and transfer RNAs.
16 n synII, mainly caused by the deletion of 13 transfer RNAs.
17 g for 81 protein, four ribosomal RNAs and 29 transfer RNAs.
18 ze the specific pairings of amino acids with transfer RNAs.
19 erved proteins, three ribosomal RNAs, and 15 transfer RNAs.
20 t the role of specific base modifications of transfer RNAs.
21 uclease responsible for the 5'-maturation of transfer RNAs.
22 fic 2'-hydroxyl methylation of ribosomal and transfer RNAs.
23 alytic, ribosomal, small nuclear, micro, and transfer RNAs.
24 both and occupies the space normally used by transfer RNAs.
25 maturation of both nuclear and mitochondrial transfer RNAs.
26 evidence for the canonical functions of the transferred RNA.
27 perform simulations of large-scale aminoacyl-transfer RNA (aa-tRNA) rearrangements during accommodati
28 r Tu (EF-Tu) binds to all standard aminoacyl transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs) and transports them to the ribo
30 nd other proteins in response to fluctuating transfer RNA aminoacylation levels under various nutriti
31 mportance of the 2'-hydroxyl of the peptidyl-transfer RNA and a Bronsted coefficient near zero have b
32 as the complex responsible for production of transfer RNA and a limited number of other small RNAs.
34 omprising a 40S ribosomal subunit, initiator transfer RNA and initiation factors (eIF) 2, 3, 1 and 1A
36 nt oxygenases that catalyse hydroxylation of transfer RNA and ribosomal proteins have been shown to b
37 in non-coding RNAs, enhances the function of transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA by stabilizing the RNA st
39 y the ribosome requires the translocation of transfer RNAs and messenger RNA by one codon after each
40 or binding protein CTCF, housekeeping genes, transfer RNAs and short interspersed element (SINE) retr
41 that our two species had extremely truncated transfer RNAs and that gene overlaps occurred much more
43 HPF and YfiA overlap with those of the mRNA, transfer RNA, and initiation factors, which prevents tra
45 process of bringing together mRNA, initiator transfer RNA, and the ribosome, is therefore of critical
49 ssential for the maturation of ribosomal and transfer RNA as well as the rapid degradation of messeng
51 e at this position is nearly invariate among transfer RNAs because of its role in stabilizing the ant
52 locations of eIF1, eIF1A, mRNA and initiator transfer RNA bound to the small ribosomal subunit and pr
56 es include an abundance of tandemly repeated transfer-RNA-containing arrays, which may have a structu
57 ome function (e.g., increased affinities for transfer RNAs, decreased rates of peptidyl-transfer), an
59 diet (HFD), we showed that a subset of sperm transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), mainly from 5'
61 cent work indicates that many cells can also transfer RNA directly via cell-cell trafficking of nanom
62 ctedly, we found that codons decoded by rare transfer RNAs do not lead to slow translation under nutr
64 ses (aaRS) join amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs, establishing an essential coding relation
65 We present evidence that the entire set of transfer RNAs for all twenty amino acids are encoded in
67 We have created tRFdb, the first database of transfer RNA fragments (tRFs), available at http://genom
68 iculum (ER) stress through the production of transfer RNA fragments that interfere with translation i
71 n RNA sequence in the chloroplast isoleucine transfer RNA gene (trnI.2) located in the rRNA operon.
74 s confirmed by 1,670 aligned transcripts, 19 transfer RNA genes, 341 pseudogenes and three RNA pseudo
75 y centromeres and include interactions among transfer RNA genes, among origins of early DNA replicati
76 protein coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA and 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region varying in size
79 -derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), mainly from 5' transfer RNA halves and ranging in size from 30 to 34 nu
83 igated metabolites such as aminoacyl-charged transfer RNA in the T-box system, or protein-bound metab
86 neral control (GC) system, wherein uncharged transfer RNA induces phosphorylation of eukaryotic initi
91 ed that cells use an elongator leucine-bound transfer RNA (Leu-tRNA) to initiate translation at crypt
93 on, similar to that found on viral RNAs with transfer RNA-like ends, may be essential for replication
94 e factors promote hydrolysis of the peptidyl-transfer RNA linkage in response to recognition of a sto
96 all subunits of the ribosome, with initiator transfer RNA (Met-tRNA(i)(Met)) positioned over the star
97 First, methionylated initiator methionine transfer RNA (Met-tRNAi(Met)), eukaryotic initiation fac
101 nsible for deoxyribonucleoside synthesis and transfer RNA modification appear to be crucial, as no al
105 ription, retroviruses require annealing of a transfer RNA molecule to the U5 primer binding site (U5-
109 philus 70S ribosome along with the initiator transfer RNA N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA(i) (fMet-tRNA(i)(fM
111 ylguanosine and N(2)(2)-dimethylguanosine in transfer RNA occur at five positions in the D and antico
112 s, three putative open reading frames and 33 transfer RNAs of 19 amino acids for peptide synthesis.
113 d light on the movement of messenger RNA and transfer RNA on the ribosome after each peptide bond is
114 d be required to ensure functional impact of transferred RNA on brain recipient cells and predict the
115 viruses, which evolved a capping enzyme that transfers RNA onto GDP, rather than GMP onto the 5' end
116 During translation, the primary substrates, transfer RNAs, pass through binding sites formed between
118 code is established by the aminoacylation of transfer RNA, reactions in which each amino acid is link
120 old ntrc seedlings, the contents of glutamyl-transfer RNA reductase1 (GluTR1) and CHLM are reduced.
124 ific deletion of Trsp, a gene that encodes a transfer RNA (Sec tRNA) required for the insertion of se
125 been shown to participate in both aminoacyl-transfer RNA selection and in peptidyl transferase; it m
126 ploits two rRNA nucleotides also used during transfer RNA selection to drive messenger RNA compaction
127 o acid sequence through repetitive cycles of transfer RNA selection, peptide bond formation and trans
128 the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, transfer RNA selenocysteine synthase, formiminotransfera
133 ng association of autoantibodies to histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase (HisRS, Jo-1) with interstitial
134 animal models support a key role of histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase (HisRS; also known as Jo-1) in t
135 nse pathway, through inhibiting human prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase (ProRS) to cause intracellular a
138 was used to design a pocket within threonyl-transfer RNA synthetase from the thermophile Pyrococcus
139 was protective in adults with anti-threonyl-transfer RNA synthetase or anti-U RNP autoantibodies (OR
140 l-prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase, glutaminyl-transfer RNA synthetase, elongation factor 2, elongation
141 or in protein biosynthesis (glutamyl-prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase, glutaminyl-transfer RNA synthet
142 zyloxycarbonyl amino acid using a pyrrolysyl transfer RNA synthetase/tRNACUA pair in mammalian cells
144 conserved in evolution, bacterial aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases are unable to acylate eukaryoti
145 s (mistranslation) is prevented by aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases through their accurate aminoacy
146 d translation machinery, including aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases with specificities for all 20 a
147 st cell machinery proteins such as aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases, signal recognition particle, M
150 oribouridine, a modified nucleoside found in transfer RNA that enables both faster and more-accurate
151 reconstruction shows a messenger RNA, three transfer RNAs, the nascent chain, and detailed features
152 esis to date have employed monoaminoacylated transfer RNAs, there have been reports that bisphenylala
154 t uses amber and evolved quadruplet-decoding transfer RNAs to encode numerous pairs of distinct unnat
155 would preclude the binding of messenger and transfer RNAs to the ribosome, suggesting that PSRP1 is
158 ction mechanism, similar to that employed in transfer RNA translocation on the ribosome by EF-G, tran
159 , deletion of subtelomeric regions, introns, transfer RNAs, transposons, and silent mating loci as we
160 ometry showed that this RNA is aspartic acid transfer RNA (tRNA(Asp)) and that DNMT2 specifically met
161 ecific RNA-RNA complex formed between a host transfer RNA (tRNA(Lys)(3)) and a region at the 5' end o
162 hia coli strain that harbors a Sep-accepting transfer RNA (tRNA(Sep)), its cognate Sep-tRNA synthetas
163 ncluding recruitment of mitochondrial valine transfer RNA (tRNA(Val)) to play an integral structural
164 ved in some adenosine deaminases that act on transfer RNA (tRNA) (ADATs), related enzymes that edit t
165 ) was discovered in the wobble position of a transfer RNA (tRNA) 47 years ago, yet the final biosynth
166 Nase P), the ribonucleoprotein essential for transfer RNA (tRNA) 5' maturation, is challenged in the
168 of genes responsible for amino acid supply, transfer RNA (tRNA) aminoacylation, and protein folding.
170 a bifunctional molecule that acts as both a transfer RNA (tRNA) and a messenger RNA (mRNA), and SmpB
172 clease activity in vitro, but cleaves within transfer RNA (tRNA) anti-codon loops when purified CysK
175 n using the in vitro processing of precursor transfer RNA (tRNA) by ribonuclease P as a model system.
176 ss, requiring accurate amino acid selection, transfer RNA (tRNA) charging and mRNA decoding on the ri
177 t shock, or ultraviolet irradiation promotes transfer RNA (tRNA) cleavage and accumulation of tRNA-de
178 sing a messenger RNA (mRNA) and an uncharged transfer RNA (tRNA) cognate to the terminal mRNA codon b
180 studies, we show that FthB is a trans-acting transfer RNA (tRNA) editing protein, which hydrolyzes fl
182 ously reported technology termed Fluorescent transfer RNA (tRNA) for Translation Monitoring (FtTM), f
183 er, a recently reported tool for identifying transfer RNA (tRNA) fragments in deep sequencing data, e
188 compare the diversity of chromosomal-encoded transfer RNA (tRNA) genes from 11 eukaryotes as identifi
189 ts localizing within a single nucleolus, and transfer RNA (tRNA) genes present in an adjacent cluster
190 4L), two ribosomal RNA (srRNA and lrRNA), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and two copies of D-loop cont
191 bp) and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene
192 ur frequently at RNA-polymerase-III-occupied transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, which have been implicated in
193 direct entry is central to the processing of transfer RNA (tRNA) in E. coli, one of the core function
194 se to amino acid deprivation in which mature transfer RNA (tRNA) is cleaved in the anticodon loop.
199 olarity and morphology, vacuole trafficking, transfer RNA (tRNA) modification and other functions.
201 h the predicted fraction of correctly folded transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, thereby revealing a bioph
204 ons that are suggested to be associated with transfer RNA (tRNA) movement through the ribosome (trans
205 obe the structural and kinetic parameters of transfer RNA (tRNA) movements within the aminoacyl (A) a
207 thesis: production of non-cognate amino acid:transfer RNA (tRNA) pairs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
208 idyltransferases] add CCA onto the 3' end of transfer RNA (tRNA) precursors without using a nucleic a
210 he biophysical and biochemical properties of transfer RNA (tRNA) so that it is optimized for particip
211 Several methanogenic archaea lack cysteinyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase (CysRS), the essential en
214 tion mutant of rrt-1 that encodes an arginyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase, an enzyme essential for
215 evelopment and application of the pyrrolysyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase/tRNA pair for unnatural a
221 Protein biosynthesis requires aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases to provide aminoacyl-tRN
223 pathologies are caused by editing defects of transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases, which preserve genetic
226 Coupled translocation of messenger RNA and transfer RNA (tRNA) through the ribosome, a process cata
227 A critical element in selecting correct transfer RNA (tRNA) transferring correct amino acid is "
232 n and read-through of these stop codons by a transfer RNA (tRNA), although it requires the formation
233 ate of subunit joining is coupled to the IF, transfer RNA (tRNA), and mRNA codon compositions of the
234 t of m(1) A, m(1) G, m(3) C modifications in transfer RNA (tRNA), but they work poorly on m(2)2 G.
236 g RNAs, such as pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA), which are produced by RNA polymeras
238 -2 (VPI-2) is a 57-kb region integrated at a transfer RNA (tRNA)-serine locus that encompasses VC1758
248 iogenin-mediated endonucleolytic cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNA) leading to an accumulation of 5' tR
249 d translocation of messenger RNAs (mRNA) and transfer RNAs (tRNA) through the ribosome takes place fo
252 hich include small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and introns, whereas endo-siRNAs c
253 on (PRE) complex and facilitates movement of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) by one co
254 plays a crucial role in the translocation of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) during tr
255 scripts are dominated by full-length, mature transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and other small noncoding RNAs (nc
266 lves endonucleolytic cleavage of cytoplasmic transfer RNAs (tRNAs) by ribonucleases that are normally
267 gulate the synthesis of 5S ribosomal RNA and transfer RNAs (tRNAs) by RNA polymerase (Pol) III, as we
268 we demonstrate that low levels of mischarged transfer RNAs (tRNAs) can lead to an intracellular accum
271 ated reductions in the abundance of numerous transfer RNAs (tRNAs) dominated the microarray data and
279 Isolated, fully modified native bacterial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) induced significant secretion of I
280 sine/cytosine/adenine (CCA) to the 3' end of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) is essential for translation and i
285 leic acids (sRNAs), primarily the 5' ends of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) termed tRNA fragments (trfRNAs).
288 ed into nascent proteins by misaminoacylated transfer RNAs (tRNAs) used in a coupled transcription/tr
290 tidyltransferase] adds CCA to the 3' ends of transfer RNAs (tRNAs), a critical step in tRNA biogenesi
291 oncoding RNAs such as small RNAs (sRNAs) and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), establishing a previously unappre
292 each codon is monitored by stable binding of transfer RNAs (tRNAs)-labelled with distinct fluorophore
298 he inclusion of a disproportionate number of transfer RNAs, which exhibit a conserved secondary struc
299 in synthesis, the ribosome selects aminoacyl-transfer RNAs with anticodons matching the messenger RNA
300 f two basic processes: the aminoacylation of transfer RNAs with their cognate amino acid by the amino
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