ライフサイエンスコーパス: transmural

1 osal layers, although Crohn's colitis may be transmural.

2 V:apico-basal, LV:anterior-posterior, and LV:transmural.

3 ; LV:anterior-posterior, 51+/-27 ms; mean LV:transmural, 14+/-7 ms; all n=9).

4 g (RT-MRI) system, leading to a complete and transmural ablation in the atrium.

5 We determined transmural action potential duration (APD) before and af

6 ential duration resulting in the decrease of transmural action potential duration dispersion (64 +/-

7 ST-segment depression in ECG to patterns of transmural action potential propagation in a one-dimensi

8 Initial post-shock transmural activation occurred at a later time in the in

9 in LV site selection and yield more natural transmural activation patterns.

10 In the failing hearts, transmural activation was significantly slowed from the

11 occurred in 5.2+/-1.9 ms, suggesting direct transmural activation.

12 suggestive of independent rather than direct transmural activation.

13 s MRI as an excellent tool in characterizing transmural and extraluminal changes of Crohn's disease.

14 tion of APD, which significantly reduces the transmural and local APD gradients.

15 Furthermore, both transmural and luminal flow induced expression of matrix

16 tic with thin rims, and were associated with transmural (and often more extensive) myocardial scarrin

17 he patients, the epicardial lesions were not transmural, and endocardial touch-up was necessary.

18 endocardial than epicardial cells, reducing transmural APD dispersion consistent with experimental d

19 breviate rat ventricular APD and ERP, reduce transmural APD dispersion, but augment transmural ERP di

20 first time direct experimental evidence of a transmural APD gradient in the human heart.

21 he nonfailing hearts we observed significant transmural APD gradient: subepicardial, midmyocardial, a

22 subendocardium, respectively, while reducing transmural APD80 difference from 111+/-13 to 29+/-6 ms (

23 The scar pattern is particularly dense and transmural as compared with the more erratic/patchy scar

24 to 0.43 (AL) and 0.39 to 0.40 (ATTR) and to transmural at 0.48 to 0.55 (AL) and 0.47 to 0.59 (ATTR).

25 describes long-term lead performance using a transmural atrial (epicardial to endocardial) pacing app

26 For transmural atrial (TMA) lead access, a bipolar, steroid-

27 We show complete transmural atrial gene transfer by this novel painting m

28 myocardium, the capillary density across the transmural axis shifted away from that in control hearts

29 cle of normal canines in vivo (n = 14) using transmural bead markers under biplane cineradiography.

30 Transmural beadsets were inserted into the lateral and a

31 The model predictions of transmural circumferential and compressive radial stress

32 A distinct transmural circumferential strain gradient was observed

33 Transmural circumferential, longitudinal, and radial sys

34 LV volumes, sphericity index, and transmural circumferential, longitudinal, and radial sys

35 Additionally, the transmural conduction of excitation waves in 1-dimension

36 n (EED) of electric activations resulting in transmural conduction of fibrillation waves (breakthroug

37 cardiomyopathy, VT and septal scar, delayed transmural conduction time (>40 ms) and fractionated, la

38 rements of the conduction anisotropy and the transmural conduction time in pig ventricles.

39 434; P<0.001) in all hearts, and reduced the transmural conduction velocity from 36 cm/s (95% CI, 30-

40 breakthrough and to test the plausibility of transmural conduction versus ectopic focal discharges as

41 ost of the breakthroughs can be explained by transmural conduction, whereas ectopic focal discharges

42 kthroughs (86%; n=564) could be explained by transmural conduction, whereas only 13% (n=85) could be

43 Further analysis calculated the transmural contributions of sheet extension (E(ssc)), sh

44 allowed transformation of these strains into transmural contributions of sheet extension, thickening,

45 s was defined as grade 3b injuries; signs of transmural CT necrosis included absence of postcontrast

46 of images were acquired, with and without a transmural defect (TD).

47 erved VT termination is due to ChR2-mediated transmural depolarization of the myocardium, which cause

48 th zotarolimus concentration decreasing with transmural depth as opposed to the multiple peaks displa

49 tolic fiber shortening was identical at each transmural depth in both the anterior and lateral LV sit

50 tolic fiber shortening was identical at each transmural depth in these regions.

51 ystolic wall thickening (E33) by &50% at all transmural depths by inhibiting: (1) subendocardial syst

52 particular, beta2-stimulation increases the transmural difference between [Ca(2+)]i transients durat

53 We propose that transmural differences in AP waveform, SR Ca(2+) release

54 These data show that transmural differences in MHC isoform expression contrib

55 To assess the functional consequences of transmural differences in myofilament protein expression

56 These transmural differences were diminished in Hey2(+/-) mice

57 Simulations coupling transmural diffusion and reversible binding to tissue pr

58 ntal sleeve resection to ensure clearance of transmural disease.

59 electrical repolarization in vivo, there is transmural dispersion of myofiber relaxation as well as

60 endocardial layers (p = 0.004), resulting in transmural dispersion of myofiber relaxation of 83 ms.

61 epicardial layers (p < 0.001), resulting in transmural dispersion of myofiber shortening of 39 ms.

62 cell types during repolarization, increasing transmural dispersion of repolarization (DOR) and the sp

63 t a pathophysiologic link between electrical transmural dispersion of repolarization and abnormal myo

64 Transmural dispersion of repolarization and conduction v

65 (DeltaT(p)-T(e)), a relatively new index of transmural dispersion of repolarization and potential ar

66 Although the concept of transmural dispersion of repolarization has helped expla

67 s the QT interval and increases the existing transmural dispersion of repolarization, creating the su

68 -peak to T-end (TpTe) interval, representing transmural dispersion of repolarization, is associated w

69 ardial origin of the ectopic beats increases transmural dispersion of repolarization, thus providing

70 results suggest beta-AR-mediated increase of transmural dispersion of repolarization, which could pos

71 romol/L) of the QT interval and no change in transmural dispersion of repolarization.

72 e of QT prolongation than to drug effects on transmural dispersion or variability of repolarization.

73 s well as an increase in both epicardial and transmural dispersions of repolarization (EDR and TDR, r

74 The transmural distribution of apamin-sensitive small conduc

75 The transmural distribution of connexin 43 was quantified wi

76 ET tomograph allow regional estimates of the transmural distribution of MBF over a wide flow range, a

77 omputational model was used to determine the transmural distribution of stresses and strains across t

78 and shear, but the regional variability and transmural distribution of these 3 mechanisms are incomp

79 However, the respective transmural dominance of these phenomena seems distinct.

80 th pancreatic disease, with the exception of transmural drainage of pancreatic necrosis.

81 l endoscopic or endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage, hybrid interventions (endoscopic ul

82 g release kinetics, matrix coating transfer, transmural drug partitioning, dissolution rate and relea

83 A transmural ECG and action potentials were recorded simul

84 ina propria, villus blunting and fusion, and transmural edema and hemorrhage.

85 Transmural electrical dispersion determines the repolari

86 Finally, in failing heart, asymmetry of transmural electrical propagation was abolished.

87 ardial tissue within the bead set to measure transmural electrical sequence.

88 mural mechanics could yield insight into the transmural electrical sequence.

89 immunohistochemical staining, together with transmural electrical stimuli confirmed that the myenter

90 mutations and introduced in a 1-dimensional transmural electrocardiography computer model.

91 mias through ultrasound-based mapping of the transmural electromechanical activation sequence reliabl

92 study uncovers a role of HEY2 in the normal transmural electrophysiological gradient in the ventricl

93 among the three ventricular sections and the transmural, endocardial, and epicardial parameters.

94 998 to 2006, 53 patients underwent transoral/transmural endoscopic drainage/debridement of sterile (2

95 Experience with minimal access, transoral/transmural endoscopic drainage/debridement of walled-off

96 Transmural endoscopic necrosis was defined as grade 3b i

97 delivery via point-source release generated transmural epinephrine gradients directly beneath the si

98 However, the transmural ERP dispersion was augmented.

99 educe transmural APD dispersion, but augment transmural ERP dispersion.

100 ing of coronary vessels requires the correct transmural expression of FGF and, therefore, FGF may act

101 is distinct from the subendocardially based transmural extension patterns described with clinical my

102 The transmural extent and intramural types (endocardial, mid

103 myocardial infarction (MI), segments with a transmural extent of infarct (TEI) of </=50% are defined

104 ging, sensitivity is mildly reduced, and the transmural extent of infarction may be underestimated.

105 Overall, regional transmural extent of infarction scores were highly conco

106 %) considered predominantly infarcted (> 50% transmural extent of infarction) by the standard techniq

107 technique were considered viable (< or = 25% transmural extent of infarction) by the subsecond techni

108 ntiates 'stunning' from necrosis, delineates transmural extent of infarction, predicts recovery of re

109 and accurately reflected morphology and the transmural extent of injury in all animals.

110 Both transmural extent of late gadolinium enhancement and FDG

111 FDG uptake, as well as transmural extent of late gadolinium enhancement, acutel

112 d cine MR imaging agreed with the global and transmural extent of microvascular obstruction at first-

113 The transmural extent of scar as a percentage of wall thickn

114 We found no relationship between the transmural-extent of T2-hyperintense regions and that of

115 pared by (a) quantitative measurement of the transmural-extent of the abnormality and (b) picture mat

116 -hyperintense and infarcted regions, and the transmural-extent of these regions were highly correlate

117 les across the atrial wall revealed that the transmural fiber angle distribution is heterogeneous thr

118 The transmural fiber angle shift was determined using diffus

119 ll thinning in the septum implies an altered transmural fiber gradient.

120 Left ventricular transmural fiber rotation was significantly higher in TG

121 In simplified slab models, in absence of transmural fiber rotation, bath-loading induced transmur

122 magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive (transmural) fibrosis in 9 of 11 ES patients.

123 LECs preconditioned to 1 microm/s transmural flow demonstrated increased uptake and basal-

124 tion of MBF over a wide flow range, although transmural flow differences were underestimated because

125 gs and then experimentally demonstrated that transmural flow guided preferential sprouting toward pat

126 reduced the applied shear stress for a given transmural flow rate, but did not affect the shear thres

127 uminal shear stress over the endothelium and transmural flow through the endothelium above 10 dyn/cm(

128 lute trypsin concentrations allowed complete transmural gene transfer.

129 There was no significant transmural gradient in electrical repolarization (p = NS

130 Despite lack of evidence of significant transmural gradient in electrical repolarization in vivo

131 icated angiotensin II (A2) may determine the transmural gradient in Ito, but the effects of A2 on IP

132 Furthermore, the transmural gradient in repolarization time, known to be

133 Second, the transmural gradient of calcium transient duration was si

134 In diabetic rats only, there was a transmural gradient of contractile depression.

135 l infection from E2-2.5, thus abolishing the transmural gradient of FGFs.

136 significantly increased without changing the transmural gradient of I(Ca) distribution.

137 n conclusion, CKD disrupts the physiological transmural gradient of Ito via downregulation of KChIP2

138 ardiomyocytes of UNx rats led to a decreased transmural gradient of Ito.

139 of AP duration in failing heart blunted the transmural gradient of repolarization.

140 I(Ca) density manifests a significant transmural gradient, and this gradient is preserved in h

141 perated mice, AP duration manifested a clear transmural gradient, with faster repolarization in subep

142 etrating into the myocardium, resulting in a transmural gradient.

143 cular level, we reduced the apex-to-base and transmural gradients of action potential duration (APD).

144 plexus formation develops concurrently with transmural gradients of myocardium-derived growth factor

145 Transmural heterogeneities in Na/K pump current (IP), tr

146 epicardial activation despite an absence of transmural heterogeneities of repolarization, in sharp c

147 beta2-Stimulation also affected transmural heterogeneity in action potential duration bu

148 , we present direct experimental evidence of transmural heterogeneity of excitation-contraction coupl

149 in mucosal barrier function and developed a transmural ileitis following NSAID exposure.

150 and severe spontaneous Crohn's-disease-like transmural ileitis if both mechanisms are compromised.

151 ndocardium and by faster circumferential and transmural impulse conduction during endocardial LV paci

152 r than epicardial conduction; in all models, transmural impulse conduction was approximately 25% fast

153 as follows: midwall in 33.3% of the hearts, transmural in 23.3%, midwall-subepicardial in 23.3%, and

154 cal for amyloidosis (29% subendocardial, 71% transmural), including right ventricular LGE (96%).

155 .001), as was the correlation with number of transmural infarcted segments by delayed enhancement ima

156 In eight patients with fully transmural infarction, infarct zone strain improved betw

157 subendocardial infarction, leaving n = 1563 transmural infarctions available for analysis.

158 ticle (PM2.5) associations may be limited to transmural infarctions.

159 Transmural inflammation induces microvascular neoangioge

160 d by various forms of chronic mucosal and/or transmural inflammation of the intestine.

161 ely half the aneurysms were distinguished by transmural inflammation.

162 hypertrophy and fibrotic stenoses from acute transmural inflammatory stenoses in patients with Crohn'

163 atory bowel disease characterized by massive transmural influx of leukocytes and lymphocytes, resulti

164 SAMP1/YP mice develop a spontaneous chronic transmural intestinal lesion specifically in the ileum.

165 olymorph infiltration of the lamina propria, transmural involvement, and micro abscess formation was

166 tomography enterography visualize the lumen, transmural involvement, extraintestinal manifestations a

167 e selective glial stimulation did not affect transmural ion conductance or cell-impermeant dye flux b

168 compared with clinically accepted indexes of transmural ischemia (i.e., STD and STE [> or =1 mm]) it

169 Transmural ischemia prolonged the QTc interval (using th

170 electrocardiographic manifestations of early transmural ischemia, we studied electrocardiograms (ECGs

171 rval prolongs in 100% of patients with early transmural ischemia.

172 al dome, predicting an increased ventricular transmural Ito gradient.

173 Cardiac magnetic resonance showed regional transmural late gadolinium enhancement and edema exceedi

174 Transmural left and right ventricular tissues were obtai

175 In the 100- and 200-J cross sections, transmural left ventricular lesions and significant tiss

176 to assess the depth of ablation required for transmural lesion formation to optimize power delivery.

177 In some cases, however, it translates transmural lesion only (with potential reversibility) li

178 ore frequent, larger, deeper, and more often transmural lesions compared with conventional irrigated

179 during radiofrequency applications reflects transmural lesions creation.

180 +/-2.7 versus 5+/-2.4 mm; P<0.001), and more transmural lesions were created (62.5% versus 17%; P<0.0

181 ncy catheter ablation depends on creation of transmural lesions without collateral injury to contiguo

182 etermine, at the histological level, whether transmural lesions, assessed by R morphology completion,

183 g radiofrequency energy, was associated with transmural lesions.

184 Transmural LGE is determined reliably by PSIR and repres

185 Transmural LGE predicted death (hazard ratio, 5.4; 95% c

186 argely found in either adventitial/medial or transmural locations.

187 and in both groups significantly slower than transmural LV conduction ( approximately 30 ms).

188 not only cardiomyocyte contraction but also transmural LV intercellular architecture and geometry.

189 fects of undersized annuloplasty on regional transmural LV wall fiber and sheet strains and wall thic

190 orn cardiac support device (CSD) on regional transmural LV wall strains, however, remain unknown.

191 At the time of aortic surgery, a transmural lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate was detected in

192 In 7 sheep, left ventricular endocardial and transmural mapping was performed 84 weeks (15-111 weeks)

193 e-tissue-compartment model and compared with transmural MBF (MBFT), defined as MBF as measured with (

194 We investigated whether transmural mechanics could yield insight into the transm

195 Elastin fragmentation and transmural medial breaks of the ascending aorta were obs

196 ods to evaluate whether the relative odds of transmural MI associated with increased PM2.5 concentrat

197 A transmural MI was created by implanting an embolic coil

198 Transmural microreentry did not play a role as source of

199 ll thinning is believed to represent chronic transmural myocardial infarction and scar tissue.

200 table angina, emergency operation, recent or transmural myocardial infarction, preoperative intraaort

201 ation; 3) the physiological inhomogeneity of transmural myocardial mechanics and the apex-to-base seq

202 dies that suggest this effect helps maintain transmural myocardial perfusion.

203 ent restraint levels (0, 3, 5, and 8 mm Hg), transmural myocardial pressure (P(tm)) and indices of my

204 We hypothesized that changes in LV transmural myocardial strain represent an early marker o

205 es in LV function detected by alterations in transmural myocardial strain, but not by changes in BNP,

206 and free-breathing rate 2 SMS excitation in transmural myofiber helix angle, mean diffusivity (mean

207 We studied the time course of transmural myofiber mechanics in the anterior left ventr

208 ured, along with quantification of the local transmural myofibre and collagen fibre architecture.

209 The transmural NCX gradient, from EPI (greatest) to ENDO (le

210 osteonecrosis, the associated vessels showed transmural necrosis and thickening of the vessel wall pr

211 ectrogram reflects, in general, irreversible transmural necrosis creation.

212 Pathology revealed transmural necrosis in 9/11 esophagectomy and 16/16 gast

213 s (endocardial, midwall, epicardial, patchy, transmural) of scar were measured in late gadolinium-enh

214 Multisegment transmural optical action potential imaging of left vent

215 ation is ligand-specific; TLR4 ligands cause transmural panarteritis and TLR5 ligands promote adventi

216 These results suggest that correct transmural patterning of coronary vessels requires the c

217 f Tie2(Cre) mice disrupts embryonic coronary transmural patterning, leading to embryonic death.

218 The influences of increased transmural pressure (1-5 cmH2O) and imposed flow (1-5 cm

219 Effective distending transmural pressure (dP(FW)) and transseptal pressure gr

220 The influences of incrementally increased transmural pressure (from 1 to 5 cmH(2)O) were examined

221 ions are not recapitulated on application of transmural pressure (PTM) oscillations (that mimic tidal

222 However, LV transmural pressure (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure-

223 We show that transmural pressure controls airway branching morphogene

224 Higher transmural pressure decreases the interval between syste

225 hydrostatic pressure distribution as well as transmural pressure distribution due to the change in lu

226 at either changes in hydrostatic pressure or transmural pressure distribution in the gravitational di

227 -9 versus 8+/-3 mm Hg; P<0.0001), because LV transmural pressure dropped with exercise in subjects wi

228 ethering can serve the same purpose when the transmural pressure is negative.

229 Positive transmural pressure is required for this suction, provid

230 va decreased during inspiration, whereas the transmural pressure of the right atrium did not change.

231 e of the vena cava is decreased, whereas the transmural pressure of the right atrium is not changed.

232 Transmural pressure of the superior vena cava decreased

233 Additionally, the transmural pressure of the vena cava is decreased, where

234 rt this principle, we report in vitro radius-transmural pressure relations for a range of airway radi

235 venous pressure relative to left ventricular transmural pressure, and greater left ventricular eccent

236 motion, the vascular oscillatory response to transmural pressure, observed in vivo.

237 was significantly decreased with increasing transmural pressure, whereas in cervical vessels only at

238 itions or after the application of 10 cm H2O transmural pressure.

239 sed during ventricular stretch and increased transmural pressure.

240 ows that PTM fluctuations at particular mean transmural pressures can lead to only limited bronchodil

241 sized that stresses generated by airflow and transmural pressures during breathing govern ASL volume

242 enic tone was unchanged, but over a range of transmural pressures, inward remodelling occurred after

243 generates biophysical forces, including high transmural pressures, which exacerbate lung inflammation

244 rdance with experimental data 1), at various transmural pressures; 2), with channel and pump blockade

245 The results of this study suggest that transmural propagation may play a role in atrial fibrill

246 In addition, the increase in transmural pulmonary vascular pressure swings caused by

247 Nine sheep had transmural radiopaque beadsets surgically inserted into

248 Thirty-three sheep had transmural radiopaque beadsets surgically inserted into

249 Nine sheep had transmural radiopaque markers inserted into the anterior

250 t patients, alcohol septal ablation caused a transmural region of tissue necrosis, located more infer

251 We also observed synergistic augmentation of transmural repolarization gradient by the combination of

252 (2) Negative transmural repolarization gradients (DeltaAPD90: endocar

253 n potential recordings demonstrated negative transmural repolarization gradients in both groups, givi

254 s is in contrast to sustained alterations in transmural repolarization gradients present on regular s

255 alaemic hearts with transient alterations in transmural repolarization gradients resulting from prema

256 SK current is important in the transmural repolarization in failing human ventricles.

257 riate analysis showed that mutation-specific transmural repolarization prolongation (TRP) was associa

258 The mutation effect on transmural repolarization was determined for each mutati

259 We aimed to characterize transmural right ventricular activation in ARVD patients

260 Transmural right ventricular activation is modified by A

261 Transmural scar occupying left ventricular (LV) pacing r

262 Transmural scar was more likely to be seen in the biopsy

263 al abnormal electrograms are associated with transmural scar with low endocardial BV, the additional

264 Eleven of the 22 specimens (50%) revealed transmural scar, and 11 (50%) showed viable myocardium w

265 farcted myocardium was highest in areas with transmural scar, and the standardized uptake valuemean w

266 ectrograms (130 of 151) were associated with transmural scar.

267 pectively) and confluent, indicating a dense/transmural scarring process in CC.

268 Transmural sections of jejunum were stained with fluores

269 +/-0.12 versus 0.11+/-0.06; P<0.05); and (4) transmural sheet shear (subepicardium, -0.14+/-0.07 vers

270 , LV endocardial versus epicardial pacing at transmural sites yielded equivalent dP/dt(max) values.

271 tected between LV epicardial and endocardial transmural sites.

272 n at sufficiently high resolution to examine transmural spatial distribution.

273 tivation from the scar border, not by direct transmural spread from the endocardium.

274 optimal role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural stent placement.

275 s lower in patients with DPDS with permanent transmural stents (17.4% vs 1.7%, P < 0.001).

276 Transmural stents were left permanently in situ in DPDS

277 Transmural strain and myocardial torsion followed a simi

278 ll to radiographically measure 3-dimensional transmural strains during systole and diastolic filling,

279 The most common LGE pattern was ischemic (transmural/subendocardial).

280 ess restructuring of the gastric cardia with transmural suture.

281 At day 7, transmural thermal effects occurred through the atrial w

282 with that using an endocardial site directly transmural to the CRT-coronary sinus lead tip.

283 sites were systematically assessed: the site transmural to the CS lead, the LV apex, the septal midwa

284 A 3D transmural unipolar electrode array consisting of a 9x9

285 Transmural variation in the extent of current blockade i

286 Pes also permits the measurement of transmural vascular pressures during both passive and ac

287 icardial puncture can create deep, wide, and transmural ventricular myocardial lesions.

288 Questions remain about the contributions of transmural versus apicobasal repolarization gradients to

289 whereas viability staining showed preserved transmural viability in 10 dogs and thin subendocardial

290 nderwent cardiac MR imaging and showed large transmural (volume of enhancement on late gadolinium enh

291 nal electric substrate variations within the transmural wall during acute episodes of atrial fibrilla

292 ries revealed discordant activity across the transmural wall.

293 Theoretical analysis suggests that a transmural water flux which is spatially heterogeneous a

294 ffect of the EGL, as well as a heterogeneous transmural water flux, on arterial LDL concentration pol

295 nsmural fiber rotation, bath-loading induced transmural wavefront curvature dominates, significantly

296 icular models modulates bath-loading induced transmural wavefront curvature.

297 lose to the tissue-fluid interface, inducing transmural wavefront curvature.

298 the increase in CV and concomitant change in transmural wavefront profiles upon both propagation and

299 +5, R+10, and R+20 lesions were necrotic and transmural, whereas some R+0 lesions were not (comprisin

300 d into 3 patterns: none, subendocardial, and transmural, which were associated with increasing amyloi