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1 cific RXR agonist, or the PPARgamma agonist, troglitazone.
2 tin expression in the absence or presence of troglitazone.
3 nitiation inhibitors such as clotrimazole or troglitazone.
4 xposure to a potent PPARgamma ligand such as troglitazone.
5 fects are achieved with acute treatment with troglitazone.
6 tamate exposure, with or without 15d-PGJ2 or troglitazone.
7 again after 4 days of dexamethasone added to troglitazone.
8 ing adipocytes requires constant exposure to troglitazone.
9 poglycemia during insulin sensitization with troglitazone.
10 diponectin-null animals failed to respond to troglitazone.
11 and 10 micromol/L 15d-PGJ2 and 20 micromol/L troglitazone.
12 metastatic disease were treated orally with troglitazone.
13 ic antigen was seen in patients treated with troglitazone.
14 or C/EBPalpha but not the thiazolidinedione troglitazone.
15 y (ZF) rats, and mouse islets incubated with troglitazone.
16 ctivity, which are reversed by both ACEA and troglitazone.
17 ment of fat cells with the PPARgamma ligand, troglitazone.
18 eveloped through structural modifications of troglitazone.
19 NLS stabilized by the FABP4/PPARgamma ligand troglitazone.
20 ptional repression was independent of T3 and troglitazone.
22 ter assays showed that the PPARgamma ligands troglitazone (10(-5) M), pioglitazone (10(-5) M), or 15-
23 hermore, in a pilot study, administration of troglitazone (12 weeks, 600 mg/day), but not placebo, to
24 e phosphorylation of Akt was augmented after troglitazone (170 +/- 34% of pre-Rx response, P < 0.05)
25 P450 2C8 complexed with montelukast (2.8 A), troglitazone (2.7 A), felodipine (2.3 A), and 9-cis-reti
26 ought to ascertain whether pretreatment with troglitazone (20 days) could prevent acute free fatty ac
28 striking inhibition was found at 3200 mg/kg troglitazone (344+/-76 versus 172+/-83 macrophages, P=0.
29 bo (n = 133) or the insulin-sensitizing drug troglitazone (400 mg/day; n = 133) administered in doubl
32 ailed glyburide treatment by the addition of troglitazone (600 mg/day) or metformin (2,550 mg/day) th
35 and at the end of 12 weeks of treatment with troglitazone (600 mg/day, n = 4), metformin ( approximat
36 r of the disease, the oral administration of troglitazone (600-800 mg/day) reduced the increase veloc
38 vere bridging and submassive necrosis due to troglitazone (a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent).
40 duced insulin resistance and its reversal by troglitazone, a cause-and-effect relationship cannot be
43 as demonstrated by the displacement of [(3)H]troglitazone, a PPARgamma agonist, in a scintillation pr
46 one and pioglitazone potentiated cell death, troglitazone acted as a potent cytoprotective agent.
49 alpha (nafenopin) and gamma (ciglitazone and troglitazone) agonists rapidly induced extracellular sig
50 ) and synthetic ligands like ciglitazone and troglitazone, all induce apoptosis in normal and maligna
51 dexamethasone (4 mg/day), after 4-6 weeks on troglitazone alone (400 mg/day), and again after 4 days
53 ly increased when the cells are induced with troglitazone alone or with a mixture of troglitazone, in
55 d the metabolic effects of dexamethasone and troglitazone, alone and in combination, for the first ti
56 Exposure of LIP-expressing preadipocytes to troglitazone along with DEX, MIX, and insulin induces di
61 ivation of PPARgamma by the synthetic ligand troglitazone also reduced tube formation in vitro and in
62 ctal cancer: citalopram (an antidepressant), troglitazone (an antidiabetic), and enilconazole (a fung
65 ted by treatment with the PPAR-gamma ligands troglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2
66 linemic-euglycemic clamps in ZFF showed that troglitazone and AGN194204 reduced basal endogenous gluc
68 isome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (troglitazone and BRL46593) and of retinoid X receptor (L
70 Second, the PPARgamma-inactive analogs of troglitazone and ciglitazone [Delta2TG (5-[4-(6-hydroxy-
72 xy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) or troglitazone and ciglitazone suppressed TGF-beta1-mediat
73 receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists, such as troglitazone and ciglitazone, exhibit antitumor effects;
75 ects LNCaP cells from apoptosis induction by troglitazone and Delta2-TG in an expression level-depend
77 in immunoprecipitation studies indicate that troglitazone and Delta2TG block AR recruitment to the an
80 is study investigates the mechanism by which troglitazone and derivatives suppress AR expression in L
82 ells are sensitive to apoptosis induction by troglitazone and its PPARgamma-inactive analogue irrespe
86 s (15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), troglitazone and pioglitazone) suppressed the growth of
87 these genes can be selectively modulated by troglitazone and represent potential novel targets for c
89 dings indicate that the PPAR-gamma agonists, troglitazone and the J series of prostaglandins, are pot
90 earch on the non-glucose lowering effects of troglitazone and, to a lesser extent, of rosiglitazone a
91 ptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands (ciglitazone, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14) prostaglandin J(
92 gamma agonists [pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (
93 show that PPARgamma ligands (rosiglitazone, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2)
94 ds 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), troglitazone, and ciglitazone inhibited 17beta-estradiol
95 tor-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonist, troglitazone, and inhibited in the presence of a PPARgam
96 gands (15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, troglitazone, and rosiglitazone) in cat corneal fibrobla
97 d exercise), insulin sensitizers (metformin, troglitazone), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
100 regulation provides a molecular basis to use troglitazone as a platform to design AR-ablative agents.
101 chanism provided a molecular basis for using troglitazone as scaffold to develop a novel class of cyc
102 activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist troglitazone at high doses was able to suppress androgen
103 activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligand (troglitazone) attenuated induction of these genes but en
108 rostaglandin J2) and a PPAR-gamma activator (troglitazone), but not a PPAR-alpha activator (bezafibra
109 dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance by troglitazone, but not in response to troglitazone alone.
110 hanism for the insulin-sensitizing effect of troglitazone, but not metformin, involves enhanced PI 3-
111 5-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) and troglitazone, but not PPARalpha agonist WY-14643, inhibi
112 ld-type adipocytes with the PPARgamma ligand troglitazone causes accelerated adipocyte differentiatio
113 dence indicates that the apoptotic effect of troglitazone, ciglitazone, and their PPARgamma-inactive
114 ) in MM cells and its agonists 15-d-PGJ2 and troglitazone completely abolished IL-6-inducible MM cell
116 ent and blocked the cytoprotective effect of troglitazone consistent with a role of PPARgamma in medi
117 oncentrations in the diabetic patients after troglitazone correlated with the reductions in fasting p
120 Wnt signaling pathway without blocking their troglitazone-dependent differentiation into lipid-laden
122 ion, we developed a novel PPARgamma-inactive troglitazone derivative, STG28, with high potency in cyc
126 ring structure forms the non-TZD portion of troglitazone, did not inhibit ACS4, indicating that the
127 ct on gene changes induced by tBH treatment, troglitazone dramatically reduced the number of changes
128 pression, 2 days of incubation of LNCaP with troglitazone dramatically suppressed PSA protein express
130 T116 cells expressing a wild-type PPARgamma, troglitazone enhanced the binding of PPARgamma to PPAR-r
134 ic agents, such as etoposide and paclitaxel, troglitazone exhibited a synergistic effect by facilitat
135 activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist troglitazone facilitated beta-catenin down-regulation.
137 ta12, 14-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) and troglitazone for 24 to 96 hours resulted in a dose-depen
140 g ischemia or reperfusion, eight pigs in the troglitazone group died of ventricular fibrillation, com
141 other TZDs; however, the order of efficacy (troglitazone > pioglitazone > rosiglitazone) suggests th
147 Although the combination of heregulin and troglitazone (HRG/TGZ) induced both apoptosis and necros
148 lacebo) or intensive (diet modification plus troglitazone) hypoglycemic regimen for three months.
150 tic) pigs with the insulin-sensitizing agent troglitazone improves recovery of left ventricular (LV)
151 r-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma activator, troglitazone, improves recovery of left ventricular (LV)
152 lly, we tested the antifibrotic potential of troglitazone in a cat model of photorefractive keratecto
153 t induction of C/EBPalpha gene expression by troglitazone in C3H10T1/2 cells ectopically expressing P
155 betes who had completed participation in the Troglitazone In Prevention Of Diabetes (TRIPOD) study.
158 tivated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist, troglitazone, in a manner inhibited by T0070907, a PPAR-
159 t on peripheral glucose utilization, whereas troglitazone increased insulin-stimulated glucose utiliz
162 eatment of hairless mice with ciglitazone or troglitazone increases loricrin, involucrin, and filaggr
164 d the POX promoter activation in response to troglitazone, indicating also the involvement of PPARgam
165 ed the inhibitory effect of PTP inhibitor on troglitazone, indicating that troglitazone uses a STAT3
166 thiazolidinediones (TZDs) rosiglitazone and troglitazone induced G(0)-G(1) cell-cycle arrest and apo
169 ytometry analysis showed that 15d-PGJ(2) and troglitazone-induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M check
170 lls significantly blocked the 15d-PGJ(2) and troglitazone-induced growth inhibition, G2/M arrest, and
172 MIX-deficient cells with a PPARgamma ligand, troglitazone, induces C/EBPalpha expression and rescues
173 either enzyme, whereas the thiazolidinedione troglitazone inhibited 3betaHSDII (K(I) = 25.4 +/- 5.1 m
175 t suppressing AR expression, suggesting that troglitazone inhibited ARE activation by a mechanism oth
176 d phosphorylation of p70S6K, suggesting that troglitazone inhibited IGF-I and p70S6K signaling throug
177 with troglitazone alone or with a mixture of troglitazone, insulin, dexamethasone, and methylisobutyl
180 er cells with TRAIL and the PPARgamma ligand troglitazone leads to a reduction of beta-catenin expres
181 th caspase-dependent anti-neoplastic agents, troglitazone may be a promising drug for use against mal
184 preventing or reversing insulin resistance, troglitazone may prove to be a valuable therapeutic agen
185 s suggest that the induction of apoptosis by troglitazone may, at least in part, be mediated by targe
186 REBP-1 overexpression, which is prevented by troglitazone, may play a role in the ectopic lipogenesis
187 activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist troglitazone mediated the repression of cyclin D1 in MCF
188 thyroid hormone, acts to repress the ligand (troglitazone)-mediated transcriptional activity of PPARg
189 ition, TRbetaPV acted to abolish the ligand (troglitazone)-mediated transcriptional activity of PPARg
191 sal rates and serum adiponectin levels after troglitazone; no such relationship was seen with metform
196 inocytes, and that the inhibitory effects of troglitazone on cellular proliferation and cyclin D1 exp
197 ative AMPK reversed the inhibitory effect of troglitazone on IGF-I-induced phosphorylation of p70S6K,
198 t in insulin-resistant states, the effect of troglitazone on lipid and glucose turnover in normal ani
199 of these results, we assessed the effects of troglitazone on monocyte/macrophage homing to atheroscle
201 and mutant PPARgamma, there was no effect of troglitazone on POX activation, whereas in HT29 cells, w
202 tor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, whereas troglitazone only weakly activates Erk and does not indu
204 haracterization, subjects were randomized to troglitazone or metformin treatment groups; all subjects
205 days of health plan enrollment before first troglitazone prescription during 4 consecutive periods s
209 d in RGC-5 cell death, and both 15d-PGJ2 and troglitazone protected the RGC-5 cells from glutamate cy
210 ory has shown that two TZDs, ciglitazone and troglitazone, rapidly induce calcium-dependent p38 mitog
212 ion of thiazolidinediones (rosiglitazone and troglitazone) remarkably inhibited insulin-like growth f
217 tenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and troglitazone (Rezulin)-induced mitochondrial stress.
218 ctivated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands, troglitazone, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone, strongly
220 d PGD(2)) or synthetic ligands (BRL49653 and troglitazone), selectively inhibited expression of the c
223 rthermore, cells treated with 15d-PGJ(2) and troglitazone showed elevated expression of p53 and two p
224 ent with these findings, both 15d-PGJ(2) and troglitazone significantly inhibited the G2/M cyclin-dep
226 strate that PPARgamma agonists 15-d-PGJ2 and troglitazone significantly suppress cell-cell adhesive e
227 protein, and marked reductions in basal and troglitazone-stimulated expression of the genes encoding
228 ma by exposure of Swiss mouse fibroblasts to troglitazone stimulates the degradation of beta-catenin,
229 th previous data showing that triacsin C and troglitazone strongly inhibit triacylglycerol synthesis
230 gand clofibrate but not the PPARgamma ligand troglitazone, suggesting the involvement of PPARalpha si
235 he metabolism of the drugs diclofenac (DCF), troglitazone (TGZ), and raloxifene, for which we observe
236 ctivated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) agonist, troglitazone, that facilitates caspase signaling in huma
238 Soon after initial marketing in March 1997, troglitazone, the first thiazolidinedione antidiabetic a
239 glucose disposal rate was greater following troglitazone therapy (+44%) compared with metformin trea
244 treated fa/fa rats was blocked by 6 weeks of troglitazone therapy, and the diabetic phenotype was pre
245 ents with diabetes who completed 6 months of troglitazone therapy, hemoglobin A1c levels decreased by
247 major concern is that the concentration for troglitazone to mediate antitumor effects is severalfold
248 the question of whether the ability of oral troglitazone to reduce PSA levels in prostate cancer pat
252 ake after reperfusion was 7 times greater in troglitazone-treated pigs than in untreated pigs, sugges
253 c region recovered to 44+/-6% of baseline in troglitazone-treated pigs versus 18+/-6% of baseline in
255 stimulated Akt activity also increased after troglitazone treatment (from 32 +/- 8 to 107 +/- 32% sti
256 ctivity was augmented nearly threefold after troglitazone treatment (from 67 +/- 22% stimulation over
257 tective genotype at CDKN2A/B after 1 year of troglitazone treatment (P = 0.01) and possibly lifestyle
258 abdominal adipocytes was increased following troglitazone treatment and unchanged after metformin.
259 ncreased eightfold during the 10th months of troglitazone treatment but normalized 3 months after dis
267 from baseline in insulin sensitivity during troglitazone treatment was accounted for by lowered plas
271 ell with improved insulin sensitivity during troglitazone treatment, so that the disposition index fo
276 eviously reported that the PPARgamma agonist troglitazone (TRO) inhibits proliferation and induces ap
278 some proliferator-activated receptor agonist troglitazone (TRO) was used for treatment of non-insulin
279 ent of lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) with troglitazone (Tro), a PPAR-gamma ligand, enhanced PPAR-g
280 monstrate that the TZDs rosiglitazone (RSG), troglitazone (TRO), and a novel non-TZD partial PPARgamm
284 atorial treatment with the thiazolidinedione troglitazone (TZD) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing li
286 P inhibitor on troglitazone, indicating that troglitazone uses a STAT3 inactivation mechanism that ma
289 -activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligand troglitazone was found to activate the POX promoter in c
290 sal rates by 20% (P < 0.05); the response to troglitazone was greater (44% increase, P < 0.01 vs. bas
292 on by PPAR gamma-specific ligands (BRL49653, troglitazone) was enhanced in cyclin D1(-/-) fibroblasts
295 nsity lipoprotein, docosahexaenoic acid, and troglitazone, whereas activity of a luciferase gene plac
297 ator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonist troglitazone, which is associated with cytoplasmic lipid
298 ty was obtained in HCT116 cells treated with troglitazone with a concomitant increase in the producti
300 d to STG28, a PPARgamma-inactive analogue of troglitazone with substantially higher potency in AR rep
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