ライフサイエンスコーパス: trypanosome

1 paign to achieve greater potency against the trypanosome.

2 lectively, and potently kill both species of trypanosome.

3 y required for viability in bloodstream-form trypanosomes.

4 at accumulates in the kinetoplast in African trypanosomes.

5 NgTET1 and the base J-binding proteins from trypanosomes.

6 in proteins may maintain the BF cell fate in trypanosomes.

7 q) in comparison to non-infectious procyclic trypanosomes.

8 ns and some primates against several African trypanosomes.

9 arcescens strain Db11) and parasitic African trypanosomes.

10 r innate immune activity that extends beyond trypanosomes.

11 but little is known about these controls in trypanosomes.

12 lar, a cytoskeletal barrier element found in trypanosomes.

13 human innate immune response against African trypanosomes.

14 rocess of RNA editing in the mitochondria of trypanosomes.

15 component of the flagellar pocket collar of trypanosomes.

16 plore coevolution between the APOL1 gene and trypanosomes.

17 biosynthesis is a key drug target in African trypanosomes.

18 the transmission of many species of African trypanosomes.

19 n import of iron into the cytosol of African trypanosomes.

20 tivity was 3-fold higher in bloodstream form trypanosomes.

21 between organelle structure and function in trypanosomes.

22 for the delivery of novel therapeutics into trypanosomes.

23 milar regulatory mechanisms appear absent in trypanosomes.

24 and protein import have shared components in trypanosomes.

25 ted increase of intracellular cAMP levels in trypanosomes.

26 tection against infection by several African trypanosomes.

27 chanism for preventing DNA re-replication in trypanosomes.

28 ates that TbRab7 is essential in bloodstream trypanosomes.

29 ay be non-essential in procyclic insect form trypanosomes.

30 tion highly specific to the mitochondrion of trypanosomes.

31 of resistance to antifolate drugs in African trypanosomes.

32 the presence of a distinct lamina system in trypanosomes.

33 cyclic form (PCF) and bloodstream form (BSF) trypanosomes.

34 enic variation and immune evasion in African trypanosomes.

35 ency against axenically cultured bloodstream trypanosomes.

36 re studied in bounded flow using the African trypanosome, a unicellular parasite, as the model organi

37 library screens in bloodstream-form African trypanosomes, a family of parasites that causes lethal h

38 We propose that, in trypanosomes, a local increase in SCD6 concentration may

39 a levels by indolepyruvate, following LPS or trypanosome activation, results in a decrease in product

40 An AS-HK014-resitant line, trypanosomes adapted to AS-HK014 (TA014), was developed

41 of LC8 from mammalian-infective bloodstream trypanosomes affected cell cycle progression, reduced th

42 In trypanosomes, all mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs such as sma

43 nse EVs transfer SRA to non-human infectious trypanosomes, allowing evasion of human innate immunity.

44 obin-haemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) of African trypanosomes allows acquisition of haem and provides an

45 ill unknown in the trypanosomatid parasites, Trypanosome and Leishmania.

46 comparison between protein cohorts and other trypanosomes and also suggest that clathrin trafficking

47 ing central nervous system (CNS) invasion by trypanosomes and are associated with the presentation of

48 ligand and innate immunity factor uptake by trypanosomes and identifies adaptations that allow effic

49 ear DNA of some pathogenic protozoa, such as trypanosomes and Leishmania, where it replaces a fractio

50 rsity of expressed VSGs in any population of trypanosomes and monitored VSG population dynamics in vi

51 Trans-splicing in trypanosomes and nematodes has been characterized as a s

52 onal analyses have been undertaken mainly in trypanosomes and nematodes leaves a somehow fragmented p

53 ing applied to protozoan parasites including trypanosomes and Plasmodium.

54 substantially reduced folate transport into trypanosomes and reduced the parasite's susceptibly to t

55 African trypanosomes and related kinetoplastid parasites selecti

56 eduction of IP(3)-mediated Ca(2+) release in trypanosomes and resulted in defects in growth in cultur

57 usive site of uptake from the environment in trypanosomes and shields receptors from exposure to the

58 Ca(2+) release channel in acidocalcisomes of trypanosomes and suggest that a Ca(2+) signaling pathway

59 y is limited to four insect fossils in which trypanosomes and the malarial protozoan Plasmodium have

60 hitecture of the TAC40-containing complex in trypanosomes and the MDM10-containing ERMES in yeast is

61 use of inhibitors to study Hsp90 function in trypanosomes and to expand current clinical development

62 ovel targets of kinase-directed drugs in the trypanosome, and (b) offer the 4-anilinoquinazoline and

63 rum protein conferring resistance to African trypanosomes, and certain ApoL1 variants increase suscep

64 that initiate brain invasion of T cells and trypanosomes, and control T. brucei brucei load in the b

65 ria and also in systems as diverse as yeast, trypanosomes, and hypoxic tumors.

66 as Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, trypanosomes, and Leishmania, are a major cause of disea

67 ptake of folate and classical antifolates in trypanosomes, and TbFT1-3 loss-of-function is a mechanis

68 i evolved from within a broader clade of bat trypanosomes, and that bat trypanosomes have successfull

69 These effects of 1 on the trypanosome are reminiscent of "mitotic slippage" or end

70 Trypanosomes are among the earliest diverging eukaryotes

71 African trypanosomes are capable of both de novo synthesis and s

72 African trypanosomes are capable of both pyrimidine biosynthesis

73 African and American trypanosomes are causative agents of Nagana and Chagas d

74 he tsetse's gut, VSG molecules released from trypanosomes are internalized by cells of the cardia-the

75 of regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in trypanosomes are not completely understood.

76 African trypanosomes are protected by a densely packed surface m

77 African trypanosomes are protozoan parasites transmitted by a ts

78 Trypanosomes are spread by tsetse flies, their transmiss

79 In mammalian hosts, trypanosomes are thought to exist in two major niches: e

80 African trypanosomes are unable to synthesise vitamin B(6) de no

81 se flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomes, are distinguished by their specialized rep

82 t enzyme-prozyme organization is expanded in trypanosomes as a posttranslational means of enzyme regu

83 t expression of PGKC is lethal for procyclic trypanosomes, as a consequence of ATP depletion, due to

84 mes from both procyclic and bloodstream form trypanosomes, as revealed by immmunofluorescence and ele

85 iciencies vary widely between genes and, for trypanosomes at least, for the same gene across stages.

86 In contrast, both human and trypanosome Atg4 orthologues exhibited exclusive prefere

87 After challenge with trypanosomes, attacin expression was latent in tsetse th

88 axoneme motion to produce the characteristic trypanosome bihelical motility as captured by high-speed

89 and indicates that VSG serves a dual role in trypanosome biology-that of facilitating transmission th

90 e, explain the polypharmacology of AEE788 on trypanosome biology.

91 g of the flagellar membrane connected to the trypanosome body, leading to detachment and release of t

92 Our 1.25A resolution crystal structure of a trypanosome bromodomain in complex with I-BET151 reveals

93 Thus, our studies reveal a role for trypanosome bromodomain proteins in maintaining bloodstr

94 " AQP2-specific gene knockout generated MPXR trypanosomes but did not affect resistance to a lipophil

95 e plasma membrane in insect life-cycle-stage trypanosomes but, remarkably, AQP2 was specifically rest

96 at confers innate resistance to most African trypanosomes, but not Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or

97 y and specifically depleting thiol levels in trypanosomes by forming an adduct.

98 shmania parasites, interacts with a putative trypanosome calcium channel and is required for its targ

99 African trypanosomes cause devastating diseases in humans and do

100 African trypanosomes cause sleeping sickness in humans, a diseas

101 Knock-down of TbLOK1 in procyclic trypanosomes caused the highly interconnected mitochondr

102 ing behaviour of tsetse flies which transmit trypanosomes causing human and animal trypanosomiases, i

103 chemical tool for studying regulation of the trypanosome cell cycle.

104 ligand uptake in the context of the complex trypanosome cell surface.

105 In African trypanosomes clathrin-mediated trafficking is responsibl

106 e show that IgM loses its ability to mediate trypanosome clearance at unexpectedly early stages of co

107 discuss parasite and fly factors determining trypanosome colonization of the tsetse, focusing mainly

108 of human EGFR and/or VEGFR as possible anti-trypanosome compounds.

109 Consequently, polyploid trypanosomes containing 8C equivalent of DNA per nucleus

110 s interior organs, the incessantly swimming trypanosomes cross various barriers and confined surroun

111 like, subpellicular microtubule array of the trypanosome cytoskeleton while soluble proteins are wash

112 at associates with several components of the trypanosome cytoskeleton.

113 etic metabolite complementation." First, the trypanosome de novo pathway enzymes GDP-mannose dehydrat

114 grity in both procyclic and bloodstream form trypanosomes, decreased ATP production via oxidative pho

115 A comparison with immotile trypanosomes demonstrates that self-propulsion is essent

116 nity, as indicated by the presence of higher trypanosome densities in parasitized adults.

117 In contrast, in bloodstream trypanosomes, depletion of TbAIR9 had little effect on n

118 scopy illuminated the versatile behaviour of trypanosome developmental stages, ranging from solitary

119 To study the kinetics of early events in trypanosome division, we employed an "AEE788 block and r

120 ed that O-linked glucosylation of thymine in trypanosome DNA (base J) regulates polymerase II transcr

121 o catalyze iterative oxidation of thymine in trypanosome DNA.

122 ked oligosaccharide donor specificities, and trypanosomes do not follow many of the canonical rules d

123 biology campaigns to develop them into anti-trypanosome drugs.

124 By observing insect-derived trypanosomes during the window of peak expression of mei

125 ally similar to vertebrate and fungal CR4/5, trypanosome eCR4/5 is structurally distinctive, lacking

126 African trypanosomes evade clearance by host antibodies by perio

127 opulsion is essential to the trajectories of trypanosomes even at flow velocities up to approximately

128 These data indicate that trypanosome EVs are organelles mediating non-hereditary

129 Trypanosome EVs can also fuse with mammalian erythrocyte

130 Trypanosome EVs contain several flagellar proteins that

131 nitively show that substantial quantities of trypanosomes exist within the skin following experimenta

132 s investigated with recombinantly engineered trypanosomes expressing a cAMP-sensitive FRET sensor, co

133 agella connector at the tip of an assembling trypanosome flagellum and three constituents of the axon

134 ggest a general processing role for TbRP2 in trypanosome flagellum assembly and challenge the notion

135 nt for targeting a GFP-fusion protein to the trypanosome flagellum.

136 me-scale RNA interference library in African trypanosomes for isometamidium resistance mechanisms.

137 ariant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of African trypanosomes, for example, is sized for an effective dif

138 SGs facilitates escape of a subpopulation of trypanosomes from antibody-mediated killing.

139 ectrokinetic technique for the separation of trypanosomes from both mouse and human blood.

140 ES-attenuated slender bloodstream trypanosomes gain full developmental competence for tran

141 hese studies identify elements that regulate trypanosome gene expression during development in their

142 diting of mitochondrial pre-mRNAs in African trypanosomes generates full-length transcripts by the si

143 2+) accumulation in intact and permeabilized trypanosomes, generates excessive mitochondrial reactive

144 egulation of hmU and base J formation in the trypanosome genome by JGT and base J-binding protein.

145 The trypanosome genome lacks the homologues of many conserve

146 he main carbon sources used by the procyclic trypanosomes (glucose, proline, and threonine) after del

147 linkage between Gpi8 and Gpi16 in human and trypanosome GPIT, our data show that the luminal domains

148 We report that TbRft1-null procyclic trypanosomes grow nearly normally.

149 xanoylhomoserine lactone which also supports trypanosome growth.

150 The bumblebee Bombus terrestris and its trypanosome gut parasite Crithidia bombi are a model sys

151 inantly enter the parasite by binding to the trypanosome haptoglobin/hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR), tra

152 r BF-specific immune evasion mechanisms that trypanosomes harness to evade mammalian host antibody re

153 r, uptake of pyrimidines in bloodstream form trypanosomes has not been investigated, making it diffic

154 Trypanosomes have several types of RNP granules, but lac

155 ader clade of bat trypanosomes, and that bat trypanosomes have successfully made the switch into othe

156 seeding hypothesis--whereby lineages of bat trypanosomes have switched into terrestrial mammals, the

157 Here, we identify a trypanosome histone acetyltransferase (HAT3) and a deace

158 is necessary for normal growth of procyclic trypanosomes, (ii) localizes to the endoplasmic reticulu

159 partners highlights the early divergence of trypanosomes in evolution.

160 Growth of trypanosomes in hypoxic conditions decreases JBP1 and -2

161 can autonomously regulate gene expression in trypanosomes in response to an external factor and revea

162 cyclical vectors of deadly human and animal trypanosomes in sub-Saharan Africa.

163 The presence of trypanosomes in the bloodstream was assessed using RNAi

164 yeast in the former case and vertebrates and trypanosomes in the latter, two groups recently found th

165 it is essential for normal proliferation of trypanosomes in vitro.

166 ts for their ability to kill human infective trypanosomes in vivo to identify the molecular mechanism

167 e presence of homologs of this gene in other trypanosomes, including pathogens for humans and animals

168 We detail critical steps in the course of trypanosome infection establishment that can serve as no

169 scussed, focusing on their potential role on trypanosome infection outcomes.

170 kinesin plays an important role in promoting trypanosome infection, and its neutralization or the loc

171 tor-1, a mediator of innate immunity against trypanosome infection.

172 we describe the parasite defenses that allow trypanosome infections of humans and discuss how targeti

173 cluding salivary gland hypertrophy virus and trypanosome infections, are highlighted.

174 a crucial role in host responses to African trypanosome infections.

175 RNAi against SPBB1 in procyclic trypanosomes inhibited basal body segregation, disrupted

176 procyclin surface antigen genes expressed on trypanosome insect forms.

177 The penetration of T cells and trypanosomes into the brain parenchyma is a major pathog

178 Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes involves monoallelic expression and reversi

179 ntibodies bound to VSG on the surface of the trypanosome is blocked.

180 on; how this framework can now be applied to trypanosomes is discussed.

181 i Junction (EGJ) in bloodstream-form African trypanosomes is investigated using tagged markers for ER

182 Gene expression in trypanosomes is mainly regulated post-transcriptionally.

183 indicate that EGJ replication in bloodstream trypanosomes is not tightly coupled to the cell cycle.

184 n of the acquired immune response in African trypanosomes is principally mediated by antigenic variat

185 oteomics and RNA interference to interrogate trypanosome kinases bearing a Cys-Asp-Xaa-Gly motif (CDX

186 required exclusively for maintenance of the trypanosome kinetoplast.

187 Trypanosomes lacking TbSNM1, a nuclease that specificall

188 However, trypanosomes lacking this enzyme are more susceptible to

189 nsferase and two proteins with a function in trypanosome life-cycle regulation.

190 es and photolytic release of IP(3) in intact trypanosomes loaded with Fluo-4 elicited a transient Ca(

191 To discover these novel targets, a trypanosome lysate was adsorbed to an ATP-sepharose matr

192 oduced by T. brucei rhodesiense and prevents trypanosome lysis by APOL1.

193 urface glycoprotein 75, and in the uptake of trypanosome lytic factor 1 via haptoglobin-haemoglobin r

194 Trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs) are powerful, naturally

195 en Trypanosoma brucei brucei is conferred by trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs), against which human-in

196 ion/deletion mRNA editing in mitochondria of trypanosomes maintain 5' triphosphate characteristic of

197 plex mixture of incompletely edited mRNAs in trypanosome mitochondria has remained a mystery.

198 of the extensive U-insertion RNA editing in trypanosome mitochondria, which may have provided select

199 The trypanosome mitochondrial genome, kinetoplast DNA (kDNA)

200 During our investigation of trypanosome mitochondrial PIF1-like helicases, we found

201 functions as the main ADP/ATP carrier in the trypanosome mitochondrion.

202 We correlate the microenvironments and trypanosome morphologies to high-speed motility data, wh

203 Trypanosomes mostly regulate gene expression through pos

204 ration of defensin alpha-1 that inhibits 50% trypanosome motility significantly reduced cellular infe

205 er (SL) trans splicing, an essential step in trypanosome mRNA maturation, that was caused by hypometh

206 In trypanosomes, mRNAs are processed by spliced leader (SL)

207 Moreover, the trypanosome NPC has almost complete nucleocytoplasmic sy

208 ess this, we describe the interactome of the trypanosome NPC, a representative, highly divergent euka

209 hokont (yeast and vertebrates) and excavate (trypanosomes) NPCs.

210 of a stable network at the inner face of the trypanosome nuclear envelope, since knockdown cells have

211 haustive interactome, allowing assignment of trypanosome nucleoporins to discrete NPC substructures.

212 rovide a second example of the adaptation by trypanosomes of beta3-glycosyltransferase family members

213 sistance is common and melarsoprol-resistant trypanosomes often display cross-resistance to pentamidi

214 so able to release Ca(2+) from permeabilized trypanosomes or isolated acidocalcisomes and photolytic

215 When traveling in such a manner, trypanosomes orient upstream while downstream-facing cel

216 st also be exported from the nucleus and the trypanosome orthologue of NMD3 has been confirmed to be

217 basic architecture and detailed function of trypanosome OSTs.

218 six further components, which form part of a trypanosome outer kinetochore complex.

219 Trypanosome parasites are hiding in human skin, a discov

220 This is particularly emphasized in trypanosome parasites where genes are co-transcribed in

221 African trypanosomes, parasites that cause human sleeping sickne

222 that phosphonium drugs act slowly to clear a trypanosome population but that only a short exposure ti

223 However, unlike archaea, trypanosomes possess components of the eukaryote-like CM

224 African trypanosomes possess hundreds of variant surface glycopr

225 Trypanosomes possess two canonical RNA poly (A) polymera

226 In the African trypanosome, PPL2 is a nuclear enzyme present in G2 phas

227 Bloodstream African trypanosomes produce membranous nanotubes that originate

228 ti-HAT drug discovery) associates with three trypanosome protein kinases.

229 ion of TbMCU in RNAi or conditional knockout trypanosomes reduces mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake without

230 PCF trypanosomes rely in the glucose-depleted environment of

231 Thus, it is thought that trypanosomes rely solely on posttranscriptional processe

232 hly potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of trypanosome replication.

233 Depletion of TbAIR9 from procyclic trypanosomes resulted in increased cell length due to in

234 cing and a novel bioinformatic platform, the Trypanosome RNA Editing Alignment Tool (TREAT), to eluci

235 ing as an equally essential component of the trypanosome RNA editing machinery, with additional funct

236 nalyse data pertaining to all aspects of the trypanosome's biochemical physiology that go some way to

237 In this study, we analyzed the role of trypanosome SCD6 in RNP granule formation.

238 ce editing was discovered in mitochondria of trypanosomes, several functionally and evolutionarily un

239 dy reveals that quorum sensing signalling in trypanosomes shares similarities to fundamental quiescen

240 Here, the trypanosome signalling pathway is discussed in the conte

241 ence supporting Ran-dependent mRNA export in trypanosomes, similar to protein transport.

242 used to treat the diseases caused by African trypanosomes: sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana in

243 rized in T. brucei, co-infections with other trypanosome species (Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanos

244 tor of human serum, can lyse several African trypanosome species including Trypanosoma brucei brucei,

245 toglobin-haemoglobin receptor of the African trypanosome species, Trypanosoma brucei, is expressed wh

246 tivity relationships, consistent across both trypanosome species.

247 nd functional characterization of TbKIN-C, a trypanosome-specific kinesin, which was initially identi

248 ed mitotic kinesins, but encodes a number of trypanosome-specific kinesins with unknown function.

249 Several trypanosome-specific proteins common with African trypan

250 version, was also shown to interact with the trypanosome-specific RNA-binding protein (RBP) TcUBP1 bu

251 nary divergence, the amino acid sequences of trypanosome splicing factors exhibit limited similarity

252 Laboratory-adapted (monomorphic) trypanosome strains respond inefficiently to SIF but can

253 evaluate the rate of VSG replacement at the trypanosome surface following a genetic VSG switch, and

254 African trypanosomes survive the immune defense of their hosts b

255 drial genomes to actin filaments, whereas in trypanosomes TAC40 mediates the linkage of the mitochond

256 Indeed, trypanosomes take up dimeric HpHb at significantly lower

257 two putative Mlp-related proteins in African trypanosomes, TbNup110 and TbNup92, the latter of which

258 th of conditional knock-out bloodstream form trypanosomes (TbVtc4-KO) was significantly affected rela

259 Interestingly, the trypanosome template core domain lacks the ubiquitous ps

260 Accordingly, characterization of trypanosome TFIIH did not identify a kinase component.

261 For the parasitic trypanosomes that cause African sleeping sickness, matin

262 R (R for repair) resulted in viable cultured trypanosomes that grew slower than normal.

263 In bloodstream trypanosomes, the amount of the 45 S complexes was drast

264 In African trypanosomes, the detoxification of broad spectrum hydro

265 etse flies are biological vectors of African trypanosomes, the protozoan parasites responsible for ca

266 Here, we use the trypanosome to identify TZ components and localize them

267 n polarisability between the blood cells and trypanosomes to achieve separation through opposed bi-di

268 Prolonged exposure of trypanosomes to AEE788 inhibited transferrin endocytosis

269 The mechanisms that enable trypanosomes to cross this barrier are currently unknown

270 17-AAG treatment sensitized trypanosomes to heat shock and caused severe morphologic

271 to the already substantial contributions of trypanosomes to mammalian biochemistry.

272 We have exploited a unique feature of trypanosomes to prepare a cellular fraction highly enric

273 Our functional study of trypanosome TR core domains suggests that the functional

274 In the fly, bloodstream trypanosomes transform into the procyclic stage within t

275 sickness, a fatal zoonotic disease caused by trypanosomes transmitted by tsetse flies.

276 Screening for morphological changes of trypanosomes treated with compounds 19 and 29 suggested

277 egregation of the kinetoplast is hampered in trypanosomes treated with these compounds; however, topo

278 bility of the tsetse fly-transmitted African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei depends on maintenance an

279 The African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei is a single-celled eukary

280 The parasitic trypanosomes Trypanosoma brucei and T. cruzi are respons

281 The African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei, compartmentalizes some

282 The African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei, is a parasitic protozoa

283 In pathogenic trypanosomes, trypanothione synthetase (TryS) catalyzes

284 epends on factors inherent to the biology of trypanosomes, tsetse, and the bloodmeal.

285 oteins operating at the nuclear periphery of trypanosomes, uncovering complex evolutionary trajectori

286 Trypanosomes use a microtubule-focused mechanism for cel

287 Insect stage trypanosomes use an "acetate shuttle" to transfer mitoch

288 involved in aminophospholipid synthesis, for trypanosome viability.

289 interactions have important implications for trypanosome virulence, transmission, competition and evo

290 We identified trypanosome VSG exclusion-1 (VEX1) using a genetic scree

291 The African trypanosome was thought to primarily develop in the bloo

292 e variable surface glycoprotein from African Trypanosomes was chosen as an ideal model system for a p

293 g protein, TbRBP6, in cultured noninfectious trypanosomes, we recapitulated the developmental stages

294 compounds that displayed selectivity against trypanosomes were central to this work, and the drugs th

295 nosome-specific proteins common with African trypanosomes, were also identified.

296 ation is central to the virulence of African trypanosomes, where the VSG coat is used to evade the ho

297 pecialized peroxisomes include glycosomes of trypanosomes, which have come to compartmentalize most o

298 Metacyclic trypanosomes, which inhabit the tsetse salivary glands,

299 Incubation of trypanosomes with nicotinamide causes deleterious defect

300 Glucose-transport inhibitors killed trypanosomes without killing erythrocytes, neurons or li