ライフサイエンスコーパス: tubercle

1 of the coronoid process of the ulna (sublime tubercle).

2 ation of males (regression of dorsal nuptial tubercles).

3 penis and clitoris develop from the genital tubercle.

4 ed analysis of its later role in the genital tubercle.

5 external genitalia develop from the genital tubercle.

6 the AER, Fgf8 is undetectable in the genital tubercle.

7 amined within the hypothalamus and olfactory tubercle.

8 he accumbens core, ventral shell, or lateral tubercle.

9 and ventral shell or the medial and lateral tubercle.

10 the ventral muscle mass towards the cloacal tubercle.

11 e anterior bundle of the UCL and the sublime tubercle.

12 e striatum, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle.

13 arly proliferation of the developing genital tubercle.

14 projections were primarily to the olfactory tubercle.

15 g with light label in the adjacent olfactory tubercle.

16 te putamen, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle.

17 verlapping layers within the posterior optic tubercle.

18 with fibers extending posterior to the Gerdy tubercle.

19 ic protein, and Wnt signaling in the genital tubercle.

20 uli in the striatal compartment of olfactory tubercle.

21 gata, limbs, dorsal root ganglia and genital tubercle.

22 l of the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle.

23 ated lightly within layer 3 of the olfactory tubercle.

24 of the nucleus accumbens, and the olfactory tubercle.

25 the degree of olfactory-related input to the tubercle.

26 s between homologous regions of the bulb and tubercle.

27 paraventricular hypothalamus, and olfactory tubercle.

28 into limbic-motor circuits by the olfactory tubercle.

29 lateral part than in the medial part of the tubercle.

30 layers IB, II, and III in all regions of the tubercle.

31 racer transferred to layer II neurons of the tubercle.

32 ce of the calcaneus rather than the peroneal tubercle.

33 r eminence but not with an enlarged peroneal tubercle.

34 ll as in the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle.

35 secondary axes such as the limbs and genital tubercle.

36 pallidum and pallidal parts of the olfactory tubercle.

37 in specific cell types in the mouse genital tubercle.

38 ital swellings that give rise to the genital tubercle.

39 ivation of cell death by Bmp4 in the genital tubercle.

40 erineum and severe hypoplasia of the genital tubercle.

41 goes apoptosis, leading to regression of the tubercle.

42 or lobe, and several nuclei of the posterior tubercle.

43 tory convergence upstream from the olfactory tubercle.

44 aller and contained fewer bacilli than H37Rv tubercles.

45 he striatum, nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercles.

46 wo adjacent brain areas, the posterior optic tubercles.

47 opilio demonstrates vestiges of lateral eye tubercles.

48 to induce apoptosis in Galloanserae genital tubercles.

49 iased sex ratios and exposed males had fewer tubercles.

50 as identified in chick (a galliform) genital tubercles.

51 ; P < 0.01), with more mycobacterial CFU per tubercle (809 +/- 210 versus 215 +/- 115; P = 0.027) (me

52 duce neurons that connect the anterior optic tubercle, a central brain visual center, with R neurons.

53 extracellular recordings from the olfactory tubercle, a trilaminar structure within the basal forebr

54 range of inhaled doses required to make one tubercle allows us to determine the relative pathogenici

55 alis, the claustrum (alpha1G), the olfactory tubercles (alpha1H and alpha1I), and the subthalamic nuc

56 among females (p<0.01) and in the olfactory tubercle among both females (p<0.05) and males (p<0.05).

57 is ontology pertaining to mouse LUT, genital tubercle and associated reproductive structures (E10.5 t

58 cting the lower urinary tract (LUT), genital tubercle and associated structures.

59 regionally heterogeneous labeling across the tubercle and broad connections between homologous region

60 ir cells were also observed in the posterior tubercle and CB-ir cells in the preglomerular complex.

61 ages provide an input channel from the optic tubercle and connect the central complex with adjacent a

62 ventral tenia tecta, and anterior olfactory tubercle and piriform cortex) have cells that express ei

63 he muscle and the dimensions of the peroneal tubercle and retrotrochlear eminence were recorded.

64 ates outgrowth and patterning of the genital tubercle and septation of the cloaca, and a later extern

65 of gene expression remained in the olfactory tubercle and the inferior colliculus, with some reductio

66 eus tractus solitarii (NTS) to the olfactory tubercle and the midline/intralaminar thalamus.

67 sequently, NiV disseminated to the olfactory tubercle and throughout the ventral cortex.

68 , caudate putamen, frontal cortex, olfactory tubercle and VTA.

69 se from the rat striatum (STR) and olfactory tubercles and NE release from hippocampus, thalamus and

70 oked [3H]DA release from striatum, olfactory tubercles and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and [3H]NE releas

71 ventral caudate, ventral putamen, olfactory tubercle, and accumbens core and shell.

72 f the striatum, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, and central nucleus of the amygdala.

73 were seen in the dorsal striatum, olfactory tubercle, and cerebellar vermis.

74 he unexpected source of perineum and genital tubercle, and establish a basic framework for investigat

75 , in a subset of PNS neurons, in the genital tubercle, and in the branchial arches.

76 severe hypoplasia of the striatum, olfactory tubercle, and interneurons that migrate from the dorsal

77 The perirhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and most subdivisions of the hippocampal forma

78 fferences in ENK expression in the olfactory tubercle, and possibly the nucleus accumbens, partly exp

79 hich was strongest in neostriatum, olfactory tubercle, and supraoptic nucleus.

80 uctures such as the accumbens, the olfactory tubercle, and the amygdala have lost legitimacy as indep

81 he striatum, nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle, and to granule and periglomerular cells in the

82 ll), cell bridges of the striatum, olfactory tubercles, and areas of extended amygdala with somewhat

83 riatum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, olfactory tubercles, and spinal cord.

84 glucose utilization in the medial olfactory tubercle, anterior nucleus accumbens and dorsolateral ca

85 lla of the optic lobe via the anterior optic tubercle (AOTU) and bulb (BU) to the ellipsoid body (EB)

86 maging of interneurons in the anterior optic tubercle (AOTu) of honey bees upon visual stimulation of

87 Thus, the medial shell and medial tubercle are more functionally related than the medial a

88 te-putamen, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle, as well as structures that receive outputs fro

89 od, we could demonstrate that young parasite tubercles assimilate inorganic nitrogen as (15)N-ammoniu

90 quired to form one grossly visible pulmonary tubercle at 5 weeks.

91 ylogenetic markers in a larger collection of tubercle bacilli (n = 125), (ii) by evaluating additiona

92 at NAD(+) starvation is a cidal event in the tubercle bacilli and confirms that enzymes common to the

93 serves a necessary biological function(s) in tubercle bacilli and may contribute to the M. tuberculos

94 Incomplete clearance of tubercle bacilli frequently results in disease relapse,

95 Recovery of tubercle bacilli from sputum, tissue, or body fluid is t

96 In liquefied caseum, the tubercle bacilli grow extracellularly for the first time

97 ow growth rate and genetic intractability of tubercle bacilli has hindered progress toward understand

98 ta imply that multiplying and nonreplicating tubercle bacilli have different antigen compositions.

99 Tubercle bacilli have found a novel way to coat themselv

100 able to control the accumulation of virulent tubercle bacilli in cocultured syngeneic peritoneal macr

101 produced by aerosolized virulent bovine-type tubercle bacilli in commercially available New Zealand w

102 report describes a model based on culture of tubercle bacilli in deep liquid medium with very gentle

103 m bovis BCG were able to limit the growth of tubercle bacilli in the lung and spleen after a virulent

104 differences in the growth rates of virulent tubercle bacilli in the lungs.

105 e diversity and transmission dynamics of the tubercle bacilli in the Republic of Korea.

106 for screening drugs for the ability to kill tubercle bacilli in their different stages of nonreplica

107 d other members of the animal lineage of the tubercle bacilli is very rare.

108 evidence of chromosomal DNA transfer between tubercle bacilli of the early-branching Mycobacterium ca

109 The evolution of tubercle bacilli parallels a route from environmental My

110 eum, a critical lesion site where persisting tubercle bacilli reside.

111 the rate of decrease in the concentration of tubercle bacilli sputum during the initial days of thera

112 rved in all virulent laboratory and clinical tubercle bacilli tested and was deleted only from substr

113 develop tests based on products secreted by tubercle bacilli that are strictly associated with viabi

114 s bacterial enzyme probe to detect and image tubercle bacilli that demonstrates REF is likely to be u

115 tations and granulomatous lesions containing tubercle bacilli throughout the meninges, all of which w

116 ts that it may play a role in the ability of tubercle bacilli to adapt to host defenses and persist d

117 The MHC class I presentation requires the tubercle bacilli to be viable, and it is dependent upon

118 ng persistence associated with adaptation of tubercle bacilli to hypoxia in vitro.

119 rsistence, is responsible for the ability of tubercle bacilli to lie dormant in the host for long per

120 sponse to nutrient starvation, thus enabling tubercle bacilli to restrict growth and shut down metabo

121 ients suggests that the hypoxic shiftdown of tubercle bacilli to the NRP state that occurs in vitro,

122 he data indicate that antigen composition of tubercle bacilli varies with stage of infection and that

123 In contrast to controls, tubercle bacilli were not conveyed to draining lymph nod

124 C (an enzyme naturally expressed/secreted by tubercle bacilli) as a marker and the design of BlaC-spe

125 ric oxide-dependent killing of intracellular tubercle bacilli, but in human monocytes and alveolar ma

126 s for beta-lactamase, an enzyme expressed by tubercle bacilli, but not by their eukaryotic hosts, to

127 eamides, combined with their ability to kill tubercle bacilli, indicates great potential for translat

128 croglia were the principal cells infected by tubercle bacilli, which elicited robust amounts of sever

129 the proof of concept for genetic exchange in tubercle bacilli.

130 vely multiplying and nonactively multiplying tubercle bacilli.

131 compared with phagosomes encompassing killed tubercle bacilli.

132 inducing nonreplicating persistence (NRP) of tubercle bacilli.

133 emergence of multidrug resistance strains of tubercle bacilli.

134 with nanomolar bactericidal activity against tubercle bacilli.

135 hway enables nicotinamide acquisition by the tubercle bacilli.

136 olic acids for the long-term survival of the tubercle bacilli.

137 duced CD4(+) T cell proliferation induced by tubercle bacillus Ag 85-stimulated monocyte-derived DCs.

138 stimulate T cell proliferative responses to tubercle bacillus Ag 85.

139 culosis complex to differentiate between the tubercle bacillus and other mycobacterial species, and (

140 basis of much of the interaction between the tubercle bacillus and the host cell.

141 R, but this gene has been inactivated in the tubercle bacillus because of the presence of multiple mu

142 gesting that the natural loss of oxyR in the tubercle bacillus contributes to the unusually high sens

143 systems are important for adaptation of the tubercle bacillus during stages of persistent infection.

144 The salvage pathway of the bovine tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium bovis was reported defec

145 The human tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis can synthes

146 ich cell walls of mycobacteria including the tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

147 The tubercle bacillus parasitizes macrophages by inhibiting

148 de a selective pressure for an RNI-resistant tubercle bacillus to emerge, which may give the organism

149 losis models using laboratory strains of the tubercle bacillus to establish infection by the intraven

150 The adaptation of the tubercle bacillus to the host environment is likely to i

151 respond to a complex microbial stimulus, the tubercle bacillus, chiefly by other routes.

152 as derived from the closely related virulent tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis.

153 has been learned about the structure of the tubercle bacillus, the epidemiology of TB, the physiolog

154 e is known about the underlying mechanism of tubercle bacillus-induced formation of these fused macro

155 host response and optimal containment of the tubercle bacillus.

156 ulosis is essential for the virulence of the tubercle bacillus.

157 , a chronic infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus.

158 s of illegitimate recombination found in the tubercle bacillus.

159 tible and multidrug-resistant strains of the tubercle bacillus.

160 ucleus accumbens (core and shell), olfactory tubercle, bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BST), medial,

161 s, a shortened and/or curly tail, no genital tubercle, blind-ended colons, hydronephrotic kidneys, an

162 caine injections (200 mm in 300 nl) into the tubercle but not the shell or ventral pallidum induced c

163 in striatum and nucleus accumbens/olfactory tubercle, but not septum, hypothalamus, or ventral mid-b

164 ecreased in the nucleus accumbens/ olfactory tubercle, but this effect was observed after 1 or 3 days

165 D2 mRNA was also increased in the olfactory tubercle, caudate putamen, and the nucleus accumbens of

166 e gene expression was found in the olfactory tubercle, caudate, hippocampus, piriform cortex and infe

167 teral nucleus of the hypothalamus, olfactory tubercle, caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens and substan

168 ced equal numbers of grossly visible primary tubercles, CDC1551 tubercles were smaller and contained

169 basal forebrain regions including olfactory tubercle, central nucleus of the amygdala, and bed nucle

170 ts of MO were the medial striatum, olfactory tubercle, claustrum, nucleus accumbens, septum, substant

171 lysis of the data indicates that the lateral tubercle consists of areas that receive little olfactory

172 In the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle, CRF1 binding was initially the same in juvenil

173 mong some thalamic, pretectal, and posterior tubercle-derived populations.

174 Similar results were obtained for olfactory tubercle determinations, with the exception that DOPAC l

175 e accumbens core and shell and the olfactory tubercle does not reflect the functional organization fo

176 Corpus striatal and olfactory tubercle dopamine.

177 rome is a traction apophysitis of the tibial tubercle due to repetitive strain on the secondary ossif

178 In addition, we fate mapped genital tubercle ectoderm and show that it makes no detectable c

179 ense regions of androgen-regulated epidermal tubercles (ETs) on the surfaces of adult male zebrafish

180 utamine mobility from host roots to parasite tubercles followed by its low metabolism in tubercles su

181 found in the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle following twice daily cocaine injections, but n

182 Genital tubercle (GT) initiation and outgrowth involve coordinat

183 ic anlage of external genitalia, the genital tubercle (GT), is morphologically identical in both sexe

184 Development of the genital tubercle (GT), the anlage of the prepuce and glans penis

185 ted in striatum, nucleus accumbens/olfactory tubercle, hippocampus, somatosensory cortex, but not sep

186 ignalling establishes pattern in the genital tubercle; however, transcriptional levels of G1 cell cyc

187 s placed the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle in the striatal system, functional links betwee

188 alator, were swallowed, and caused secondary tubercles in the lymphoid tissue of the appendix and ile

189 m griseum and taenia tecta; in the olfactory tubercle; in CA1-CA3, the hilus of the dentate gyrus, an

190 mplex (caudate n, n. accumbens and olfactory tubercle), indicating that PDE10A is expressed by the st

191 the epiglottis (middle PC), and corniculate tubercle (inferior PC).

192 Outgrowth of the genital tubercle is maintained by the urethral epithelium, and i

193 unoreactivity was also observed in olfactory tubercle, islands of Calleja, cerebral cortex, striatum,

194 nd 33% in the ventral striatum and olfactory tubercle labeled by the aFGF cRNA.

195 Light projections end in the olfactory tubercle, lateral septal nucleus, posterior basolateral

196 was associated with the striking absence of tubercle lesions grossly and of caseous granulomas histo

197 medial accumbens shell and medial olfactory tubercle mediate the rewarding effects of cocaine.

198 ced condyle, small superior medial pterygoid tubercle, mesial mental foramen, and narrow corpus place

199 e cells persist to the ventral margin of the tubercle, mimicking the pattern seen in females.

200 findings are novel in showing that olfactory tubercle neurons participate in such coding schemes and

201 rachiasmatic, posterior recess and posterior tubercle nuclei at embryonic stage 26, and dorsomedial h

202 nd mRNA were observed in striatum, olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and neocortex, wh

203 sites in SHR were observed in the olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens, basolateral amygdaloid nucl

204 eptor D1 mRNA was increased in the olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, and the la

205 re circuitry: the piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens, caudate-putamen, claustrum,

206 al distribution including olfactory bulb and tubercle, nucleus accumbens, striatum, hippocampus, amyg

207 anterior to, and concave below the anterior tubercle of C1.

208 pus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and olfactory tubercle of naive rats.

209 gen containing storage compound in the young tubercle of Phelipanche ramosa.

210 were observed in the striatum and olfactory tubercle of rats and control and alpha2A KO mice-that is

211 s of its partial detachment from the sublime tubercle of the ulna.

212 amniotes revealed Fgf8 expression in genital tubercles of eutherian and metatherian mammals, but not

213 Similarly, neurons interconnecting the tubercles of the two hemispheres also targeted distinct

214 As exemplified by the anterior optic tubercle, optic glomeruli can also have elaborate intern

215 targets are either absent from early genital tubercles or are not regulated by Fgf8.

216 tous presence of ornamentation such as ribs, tubercles, or spines presents yet another level of diffi

217 emnants thereof, whereas in mice the genital tubercle originates from the ventral and tail bud mesenc

218 d the accompanying changes in both olfactory tubercle (OT) and hypothalamic (HYPOTH), norepinephrine

219 us accumbens (NAC), and within the olfactory tubercle (OT) and orbital cortex.

220 polymorph (pallidal) region of the olfactory tubercle (OT) and transynaptic infection of a small numb

221 ons to nucleus accumbens (NAc) and olfactory tubercle (OT) neurons.

222 preproenkephalin (ENK) gene in the olfactory tubercle (OT) portion of the ventral striatum in rats.

223 l striatum's nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle (OT) suggests the distributed involvement of ne

224 The olfactory tubercle (OT), a ventral striatum structure that receive

225 striatum, nucleus accumbens (NAc), olfactory tubercles (OT) and prefrontal cortices (PFC) in a concen

226 ior piriform cortex (APCx) and the olfactory tubercle (OTu) are activated during nursing-associated F

227 catalyst mesocrystal morphology (i.e., corn tubercle pellets or banana clusters oriented along nanot

228 In conclusion, the tubercle plays a critical role in mediating rewarding ac

229 Thus, the tubercle presents itself as a source for direct multimod

230 etromammillary hypothalamic areas, posterior tubercle, prethalamic and thalamic areas, optic tectum,

231 ggests that medial portions of the shell and tubercle receive afferents from common zones in a number

232 date putamen and nucleus accumbens/olfactory tubercle, respectively, constituting mesostriatal and me

233 tal piriform cortex (PirF) and the olfactory tubercle responded preferentially to attended sniffs as

234 -ir fibers arose from cells of the posterior tubercle (S30) and formed recognizable ascending (toward

235 The current core-shell-tubercle scheme should be reconsidered in light of recen

236 Remarkably, 19% of olfactory tubercle single units also showed robust responses to an

237 of anesthetized mice revealed that olfactory tubercle single units selectively respond to odors-with

238 nd that lesions of the medial, accumbens, or tubercle sites impaired DNM performance, and that lesion

239 responses, we recorded from adult olfactory tubercle slices in the mouse ventral striatum.

240 e (-ir) perikarya were seen in the olfactory tubercle, striatum, medial septal nucleus, vertical and

241 Here we show that neurons in the olfactory tubercle subregion of the ventral striatum robustly enco

242 tubercles followed by its low metabolism in tubercles suggests that the host-derived glutamine acts

243 Water mains with corrosion tubercles supported the greatest amount of bacterial bio

244 ts in striatum, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, thalamus, and substantia nigra.

245 tially stronger projections to the olfactory tubercle than did the early-generated cells.

246 owed by aerosol challenge, resulted in fewer tubercles than did intradermal M. bovis BCG vaccination.

247 d rabbits had significantly larger pulmonary tubercles than did outbred rabbits (2.7 versus 1.4 mm in

248 red rabbits had significantly more pulmonary tubercles than did the outbred rabbits (98 +/- 12 versus

249 n disease, resulting in more grossly visible tubercles that were larger than those observed in outbre

250 tex, the endopiriform nucleus, the olfactory tubercle, the anterior olfactory nucleus and the main ol

251 In the genital tubercle, the embryonic precursor of the penis and clito

252 Within the genital tubercle, the endodermally derived urethral epithelium f

253 readily self-administered into the olfactory tubercle, the most ventral portion of the ventral striat

254 ll lineage analysis to show that the genital tubercle, the precursor of the penis and clitoris, arise

255 yos undergo cryptic development of a genital tubercle, the precursor of the phallus, but this later u

256 cet (P < .001), and distance from the tibial tubercle to the trochlear groove (P = .046).

257 t, and an increased distance from the tibial tubercle to the trochlear groove are associated with sup

258 al trochlear facet, distance from the tibial tubercle to the trochlear groove, patellar facet asymmet

259 re significantly higher within the olfactory tubercle, ventral tegmental area, and NAc core and shell

260 tracer binding in the striatum and olfactory tubercle was low, similar to that of the frontal cortex

261 ccumbens, which, together with the olfactory tubercle, was noted to be part of the ventral striatum i

262 ly signaling in the developing mouse genital tubercle, we show that Hoxa13 is essential for normal ex

263 In early genital tubercles, we found no redundant Fgf expression in the u

264 Rewarding effects of cocaine in the tubercle were blocked by coadministration of dopamine D1

265 te-putamen, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory tubercle were evaluated.

266 Palatal tubercles were commonly associated with second and third

267 Palatal tubercles were observed in 56% of all skulls (69% of all

268 f grossly visible primary tubercles, CDC1551 tubercles were smaller and contained fewer bacilli than

269 ting DCL expression is part of the olfactory tubercle where DCL is found in the neuropil of the islan

270 e medial nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle, whereas the perirhinal projections were primar

271 -amphetamine into the medial shell or medial tubercle, whereas they failed to learn to do so into the

272 is an ostracod taxon with well-developed eye tubercles, which serves as compelling palaeobiological e

273 ior periventricular portion of the posterior tubercle with a few fibers terminating along the ventral

274 Lesions ranged from well-organized tubercles with coagulative necrosis, epithelioid macroph

275 macrophages, and fibrosis to large expansive tubercles with liquefactive necrosis and extracellular g

276 throughout layer IA of the entire olfactory tubercle, with apparently more fibres in the lateral par

277 l thickening and irregularity of the deltoid tubercle, with or without adjacent soft-tissue edema.