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1 aB in the induction of MnSOD by cytokine and tumor promoter.
2 lin-35/Rb acts as a soma-autonomous germline tumor promoter.
3 r that acts as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter.
4 d to function as both a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter.
5 -O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a potent tumor promoter.
6 ophic gastritis, and is considered a gastric tumor promoter.
7 rcinoma (HCC) development, acting as a liver tumor promoter.
8 functions either as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter.
9 with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a tumor promoter.
10 Therefore, it is likely to act as a tumor promoter.
11 been hypothesized that miR-221 may act as a tumor promoter.
12 d that NF-kappaB functions as an independent tumor promoter.
13 d skin carcinogenesis in mice treated with a tumor promoter.
14 ) has been suggested to switch TGF-beta to a tumor promoter.
15 nverts TGF-beta from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter.
16 switch of TGF-beta from tumor suppressor to tumor promoter.
17 itor, but in malignant cells it may act as a tumor promoter.
18 with most observations identifying pERK as a tumor promoter.
19 sis, acting as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter.
20 2-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as tumor promoter.
21 ittermate controls, even without exposure to tumor promoter.
22 lphorbol-13-acetate, a well-known mouse skin tumor promoter.
23 osphatase inhibitors are often considered as tumor promoters.
24 een shown to act as endocrine disruptors and tumor promoters.
25 tate-13-acetate (PMA) are known to be potent tumor promoters.
26 monstrating that CDK4 replaced the action of tumor promoters.
27 arious carcinogens, inflammatory agents, and tumor promoters.
28 tivation but also transformation response to tumor promoters.
29 rboxylase (ODC), can be modulated by oxidant tumor promoters.
30 necessary to predispose tissues to secondary tumor promoters.
31 r diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phorbol ester tumor promoters.
32 s approach those of the potent phorbol ester tumor promoters.
33 the phorbol esters, they are not first-stage tumor promoters.
34 th the activity of the compounds as complete tumor promoters.
35 erin is a novel target for the phorbol ester tumor promoters.
36 th regulatory activity of these non-TPA-type tumor promoters.
37 at inhibition of apoptosis is a mechanism of tumor promoters.
38 ester tumor promoters and other potent skin tumor promoters.
39 hose activity is stimulated by several other tumor promoters.
40 l differences with the typical phorbol ester tumor promoters.
41 rmation in either the presence or absence of tumor promoters.
43 initiator dimethylbenz-anthracene and/or the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetylphorbol on mi
44 diation followed by repeated exposure to the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.
45 of Aurora-A alone or in combination with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA
46 on followed by repetitive application of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.
47 ) mRNAs were induced to higher levels by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) a
48 levels in P- cells following exposure to the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate than in
49 ne accumulation following treatment with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
50 ration (6 versus 24 hours) when treated with tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
51 in JB6 skin epidermal cells treated with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
52 characterized protein kinase C activator and tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
53 rative response following treatment with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
54 ly affected after topical treatment with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
56 was observed after acute treatment with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA
59 n down-regulate AP-1 activity induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, ins
60 erated epidermal thinning in response to the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, phe
61 ay, expression of COUP-TF strongly inhibited tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-indu
62 effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3, and conversely, the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorhol-13-acetate not
63 nown to be induced by cytokines and the skin tumor promoter 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-myristate (TPA
65 ive to the proliferative effects of the skin tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TP
66 sly that skin tumor formation induced by the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TP
68 hyperproliferation following exposure to the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TP
69 2 deregulation drives dysplasia, and loss of tumor promoter 53 is a cooperating genetic event that po
70 oncomitant application of a carcinogen and a tumor promoter (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) an
71 -1) has been shown to be responsible for the tumor promoter action of UV light in mammalian cells.
72 chanisms by which phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters, activate the 9E3 gene and its chemokine
74 on of the integrin alphavbeta6, switching on tumor promoter activity through activation of TGFbeta an
76 g on the concentration, HYAL1 functions as a tumor promoter and as a suppressor and provides a basis
80 erimental studies indicate that ethanol is a tumor promoter and may promote metastasis of breast canc
82 synthesized by keratinocytes in response to tumor promoters and are produced at very high levels in
83 the intracellular receptor of phorbol ester tumor promoters and asbestos is a putative tumor promote
86 activated by the prototypical phorbol ester tumor promoters and other potent skin tumor promoters.
87 ology of the receptors for the phorbol ester tumor promoters and the second messenger diacylglycerol
89 nd 'second-hand' cigarette smoke components, tumor promoters and thrombin, differentially stimulate t
91 own to work as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter, and current knowledge does not provide s
96 xpression is rapidly increased by cytokines, tumor promoters, and growth factors and is markedly enha
97 Androgens, such as testosterone, are strong tumor promoters, and work with the AR to augment the eff
98 reatment with a tumor initiator and repeated tumor promoter applications, transgenic mice expressing
100 ted the induction of heme oxygenase-1 by the tumor promoter arsenite in a chicken hepatoma cell line,
103 results, we conclude that TPA is not only a tumor promoter, but also induces apoptosis in breast can
105 idence shows that CD95 is also emerging as a tumor promoter by activating nonapoptotic signaling path
106 onvert TGF-beta from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter by causing the upregulation of AGR2, whic
107 onvert TGF-beta from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter by causing the upregulation of AGR2, whic
109 hepsin L (CTSL) is often thought to act as a tumor promoter by enhancing tumor progression and metast
110 ng a tumorigenic mutagen, sunlight acts as a tumor promoter by favoring the clonal expansion of p53-m
111 suggest that inorganic arsenic may act as a tumor promoter by perturbing key signaling transduction
113 f the angiogenic switch, RhoB functions as a tumor promoter by sustaining endothelial Akt signaling,
116 studies have shown that structurally diverse tumor promoters can modulate protein kinases involved in
117 e importantly, this is the first report of a tumor promoter capable of inhibiting senescence in a rec
119 sm of such effects may involve inhibition of tumor promoter-caused cellular, biochemical, and molecul
121 rative response following treatment with the tumor promoter compared to non transgenic littermates.
122 TGFbeta1) can act as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter depending on the characteristics of the m
123 GF-beta1) can act as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter depending on the characteristics of the m
125 g-term treatment of cells with phorbol ester tumor promoters down-regulates the expression of many PK
126 mors did, suggesting that PKCdelta acts as a tumor promoter downstream of oncogenic K-ras while actin
128 vidence that Cav-1 does indeed function as a tumor promoter during prostate carcinogenesis, rather th
129 orylation of histone H3 (H3ph) is induced by tumor promoters (EGF, UV and TPA) and immediate early ge
131 NF-kappaB activation induced by carcinogens, tumor promoters, growth factors, and inflammatory stimul
134 C (the commonly recognized pathway for these tumor promoters), (ii) a contribution involving tyrosine
135 changes from that of a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter; improvements are needed in our understan
136 is, paradoxically, it also seems to act as a tumor promoter in advanced cancer leading to metastasis.
138 ervations indicate that ROCK activation is a tumor promoter in human cutaneous SCC and acts via mecha
141 several cancers, plexin B1 may function as a tumor promoter in melanomas not driven by c-Met activati
144 tudies reveal a novel role for Reg3beta as a tumor promoter in pancreatic adenocarcinoma through the
145 Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; Ptgs2) acts as a tumor promoter in rodent models for colorectal cancer, b
148 mice, whereas phenobarbital was an effective tumor promoter in the c-myc single transgenic mice.
150 r tumor promoters and asbestos is a putative tumor promoter in the respiratory tract, we hypothesized
153 al phorbol esters represent the paradigm for tumor promoters in mouse skin, it is now clear that diff
156 y bile acids have long been postulated to be tumor promoters in the colon; however, their mechanism o
157 is after treatment with different classes of tumor promoters, including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-
158 e (P+) JB6 cells substantially inhibited the tumor promoter induced activation of Erks1 and 2 and of
162 cal role in tumor promotion, and blocking of tumor promoter-induced activation of AP-1 inhibits neopl
163 ssing mice results in dramatic inhibition of tumor promoter-induced AP-1 luciferase reporter activati
164 of a dominant negative c-jun (TAM67) blocked tumor promoter-induced AP-1 transactivation and neoplast
165 ct from fresh apple peel extract may inhibit tumor promoter-induced carcinogenesis and associated cel
166 a purified compound of anthocyanin inhibits tumor promoter-induced carcinogenesis and tumor metastas
167 -NH(2)-kinases (JNK) play a critical role in tumor promoter-induced cell transformation and apoptosis
168 y, we investigated the influence of InsP6 on tumor promoter-induced cell transformation and signal tr
169 al cell line is a well established model for tumor promoter-induced cell transformation and was used
171 transgenic mouse skin was less sensitive to tumor promoter-induced inflammation, with reduced angiog
172 ovel transformation suppressor that inhibits tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation and the
173 ically susceptible (P+) or resistant (P-) to tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation exhibit
174 cell lines provide a cell culture model for tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation ideally
175 e transcription factor AP-1 is important for tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation, the in
177 cal activity or decreasing calorie intake on tumor promoter-induced Ras-MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways.
178 In JB6 cells, knockdown of Srx abolishes tumor promoter-induced transformation and enhances cell
181 Transactivation of AP-1 is required for tumor promoter-induced transformation in mouse epidermal
182 bited RSK2-mediated ATF1 transactivation and tumor promoter-induced transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells.
184 sfected P+ cells rendered cells resistant to tumor promoter-induced transformation, indicating that e
185 To test the hypothesis that Pdcd4 inhibits tumor promoter-induced transformation, stable cell lines
189 minal kinase domain in JB6 cells resulted in tumor-promoter-induced neoplastic transformation in a ma
190 radecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type skin tumor promoter, induces a signaling pathway leading to t
191 ift of TGF-beta from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter; inhibitors of TGF-beta signaling might b
194 morigenesis, as either a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter, is complex and may be dependent upon the
195 arsenite and suggest that arsenite acts as a tumor promoter largely by usurping this growth factor si
197 lasia and increased the levels of mouse skin tumor promoter marker ornithine decarboxylase, and (4) e
200 beta (TGF-beta) from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter occurs frequently during mammary tumorige
201 HS-2), which can be induced by oncogenes and tumor promoters, occurs during colon carcinogenesis by e
203 lloma-producing 308 mouse keratinocytes, the tumor promoter okadaic acid, a serine-threonine phosphat
204 The effects of the non-phorbol ester type tumor promoter okadaic acid, a serine-threonine phosphat
206 For example, treatment of cells with the tumor-promoter okadaic acid, an inhibitor of certain typ
208 stigated the effects of several non-TPA-type tumor promoters on COX-2 expression in immortalized mous
211 gs indicate that Gadd45a functions as either tumor promoter or suppressor, is dependent on the oncoge
212 lates the beta subunit of CCT in response to tumor promoters or growth factors that activate the Ras-
213 in response to Ras expression or exposure to tumor promoters or to growth factors, and have been impl
216 t differ in their transformation response to tumor promoters; P+ cells form anchorage-independent col
218 talized on the unique properties of the skin tumor promoter palytoxin, which does not activate protei
219 cellular lipid metabolism, the rodent liver tumor promoter phenobarbital, and the skin tumor promote
221 hat are either sensitive or resistant to the tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
222 by treatment of cells with the phorbol ester tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and the l
223 ibitor actinomycin D (50 micrograms/ml), and tumor promoter phorbol ester (TPA); (100 nM) were tested
224 is and in mouse skin upon treatment with the tumor promoter phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).
225 y a carcinogen (cigarette smoke condensate), tumor promoters (phorbol myristate acetate and okadaic a
226 alyzed Tspo transcriptional responses to the tumor promoter, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), i
227 Exposure of cells to serum, lipids, or the tumor promoter PMA suppressed formation of these complex
228 genic signaling in response to serum and the tumor promoter PMA was dependent on TRBP phosphorylation
229 lica may act mechanistically as a mitogen or tumor promoter, rather than a genotoxic carcinogen, in t
231 length c-jun promoter via the proximal jun1 tumor promoter-responsive element (TRE)-like promoter el
233 tin receptor (alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin) as a tumor promoter seems well established, and, consequently
234 the intermediate derivatives and most potent tumor promoters, showed patterns of translocation typica
239 ailed molecular analysis revealed that known tumor promoters such as pituitary tumor-transforming gen
241 agents (such as TNF-alpha and endotoxin) or tumor promoters (such as phorbol ester and okadaic acid)
245 iferation and cell transformation induced by tumor promoters, such as epidermal growth factor or 12-O
247 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-type tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
248 regulated by cytokines, growth factors, and tumor promoters, such as the protein kinase C (PKC) acti
249 These findings expand our understanding of tumor promoter/suppressor inter-relationships and downst
250 horbol 12,13-dibutyrate and the non-TPA-type tumor promoters thapsigargin and okadaic acid do not app
251 a tumor suppressor, with uSTAT1 acting as a tumor promoter that acts by elevating resistance to Fas-
253 Thapsigargin is a non-phorbol ester-type tumor promoter that elevates the intracellular Ca2+ (Ca(
254 llfish toxin, okadaic acid (OA), is a potent tumor promoter that induces expression of the proto-onco
255 ndrostane receptor (CAR), a well-known liver tumor promoter that mediates toxic bile acid signaling,
256 proliferators (PPs), which are rodent liver tumor promoters that cause gross alterations in cellular
257 treated with certain apoptotic agents (i.e., tumor promoters that inhibit type 1 and 2A protein phosp
258 deoxycholic acid (DCA) are well-established tumor promoters that may exert their pathologic actions
261 we have shown that YBX1 could function as a tumor promoter through phosphorylation of its Ser-165 re
262 ved in the switch in response to TGFss1 from tumor promoter to tumor suppressor through the reprogram
263 ell neoplastic transformation induced by the tumor promoter TPA or epidermal growth factor (EGF).
264 dogenous PKC isoforms with the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA, and also the effects of TPA on genet
268 reased levels of CS and activity of Ch-ST in tumor promoter-treated epidermis were accompanied by inc
269 he activity of Ch-ST in normal epidermis, in tumor promoter-treated epidermis, in epidermis during wo
270 in-alpha/SPPR1 was examined in untreated and tumor promoter-treated mouse skin, hair follicles, and s
273 ex-specific germline activity of the ovarian tumor promoter was found to be dependent upon somatic fa
274 ected with wild-type c-jun or treated with a tumor promoter, were more sensitive to PEITC-NAC-mediate
275 lies, OVO-B positively regulated the ovarian tumor promoter, while OVO-A was a negative regulator of
276 phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is widely used as a tumor promoter with organotropy in skin and esophagus.
277 ochlorine pesticide that is a rodent hepatic tumor promoter, with inconclusive carcinogenicity in hum
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