ライフサイエンスコーパス: untrained

1 mal exercise training or no forced exercise (untrained).

2 ining, swim training, stand training or were untrained.

3 locate their own parafoveal retinal defects untrained.

4 Aged subjects were recruited as trained or untrained.

5 t retain any more cells than those that were untrained.

6 p, attaining levels beyond those achieved by untrained 20-year-old participants, with gains persistin

7 two groups (endurance-trained: 3.2 +/- 0.5; untrained: 3.2 +/- 0.7 mmHg (ng phenylephrine)(-1) (ml p

8 DA levels in 3-month-old and 8.5-month-old (untrained) 6-HD-treated rats were, respectively, only 3%

9 ancement being transferable when trained and untrained abilities are carefully chosen to share common

10 which in some cases transfer to benefits on untrained activities.

11 electively bred for 1) high intrinsic (i.e., untrained) aerobic capacity (High Capacity Runners, HCR)

12 rmance rats were 3-fold higher than those in untrained age-matched 6-HD-treated rats (i.e., were 32%

13 els were not significantly different between Untrained and Normal rats or between Trained and Untrain

14 groups: media-untrained, media-trained, OEG-untrained and OEG-trained.

15 Both untrained and pretrained networks on ImageNet were used,

16 red the bipedal hindlimb stepping ability of untrained and trained (step-trained 6 min/day) spinal ra

17 ering limitations and excesses at VO2 max in untrained and trained humans and challenge the concept o

18 Using multivariate pattern analysis, both untrained and trained sequences could be discriminated i

19 region was lower in VEGF(HSA-/-) mice, both untrained and trained, than untrained VEGF(f/f) mice (P

20 Attentional effects were untrained and were observed both behaviorally and neurop

21 (trained), untrained regularly menstruating (untrained) and trained oral contraceptive pill users (OC

22 peak power and VO2 relative to values in the untrained anemic phase.

23 llowing 4.5 months of home-cage confinement (untrained animals) or of food-maintained fixed-ratio (FR

24 sentations of binary mixtures in trained and untrained animals.

25 r) was indistinguishable between trained and untrained animals.

26 smaller generator potentials than those from untrained animals; type B photoreceptors from light-cond

27 umerous tests at five time points: baseline, untrained at Hct of 30%, after training at Hct of 30%, u

28 at Hct of 30%, after training at Hct of 30%, untrained at Hct of 42%, and after training at Hct of 42

29 The learning partially generalized to untrained base intervals similar to the trained one, but

30 e reflected in different transfer effects to untrained but related abilities: in the younger group, i

31 objects from the expert category and from an untrained category.

32 In slices derived from the IMHV of untrained chicks, the A(1) receptor agonist N(6)-cyclohe

33 mock cardiac arrest, the speed of AED use by untrained children is only modestly slower than that of

34 with diverse cardiac abnormalities and with untrained clinicians obtaining and interpreting images i

35 between two odors (peppermint and vanilla), untrained cockroaches showed a clear preference for vani

36 ted in performance benefits that extended to untrained cognitive control abilities (enhanced sustaine

37 a trained condition (learning) to that on an untrained condition (generalization) for an auditory tem

38 n occurred within 2 d, generalization to the untrained condition lagged behind, only emerging after 4

39 e generalization of learning from trained to untrained conditions is of great potential value because

40 tion gains were largely generalized to other untrained conditions when the same stimuli were used (di

41 An untrained consumer panel ranked the meat protein hydroly

42 ned resident teachers taught better than did untrained control residents.

43 (Y) and 24 (O) months compared with resting untrained controls (Y(C), O(C)).

44 Thirteen pianists and 13 untrained controls performed timed-sequence finger movem

45 ine motor control in both hands in musically untrained controls, but deterioration in pianists follow

46 e) in HF patients back to levels observed in untrained controls.

47 treadmill system and the remaining half were untrained controls.

48 down products in trained animals compared to untrained controls.

49 The following 4 groups were used: A (n=6), untrained controls; B (n=6), left LD progressively trans

50 The models were tested on unseen or untrained datasets to assess their validity.

51 ent in Vernier acuity did not transfer to an untrained detection task.

52 en the subjects were presented with a novel, untrained direction of motion for which psychophysical p

53 e acuity and spatial movement accuracy in an untrained, discrete wrist-pointing task was assessed usi

54 The training group showed transfer to an untrained dual-modality WM updating task, but not to sin

55 untrained/rested, endurance trained/rested, untrained/EB, and endurance trained/EB).

56 ction), but it did transfer partially to the untrained eye (primarily at the trained orientation).

57 f transfer of each learning mechanism to the untrained eye by separately analyzing the magnitude of s

58 The degree of transfer to the untrained eye depended on the amount of external noise a

59 thin-subject comparisons between trained and untrained eye for targets presented within the same quad

60 ions, learning transferred completely to the untrained eye in both experiments.

61 Subsequent learning in the untrained eye was assessed in five transfer sessions.

62 r, did not transfer to the blind spot in the untrained eye, ruling out mediation via a generic practi

63 found that deterioration transferred to the untrained eye.

64 distractor or target orientations or to the untrained eye.

65 r of the learning mechanisms from trained to untrained eyes.

66 performance transferred substantially to the untrained fellow sound eye.

67 ralized to untrained hand configurations and untrained finger sequences (i.e., were nonspecific), as

68 cipants produced either four trained or four untrained finger sequences.

69 trained finger and to a lesser extent on the untrained finger.

70 aining task showed a performance increase on untrained fluid intelligence tasks.

71 f this skilled prehension behavior, but left untrained forelimb movements unaffected.

72 interval of 100 msec bounded by tones at the untrained frequency of 4 kHz, but no generalization to t

73 trained temporal position (sound offset), or untrained frequency pairs.

74 timulation parameters is shown to facilitate untrained goal-directed seeking behavior and object reco

75 In untrained, greater exercise-induced interstitial VEGF pr

76 es to the plantar hind paw, developed in the untrained group 3 weeks after SCI.

77 cantly lower sFer than the iron-supplemented untrained group at week 8 (mean +/- SD: 31.8 +/- 13.5 an

78 A younger untrained group provided a nonexercising comparison.

79 rained measurements when compared to a third untrained group serving as a passive control.

80 hypomethylated in trained group compared to untrained group.

81 rio after randomization to either the naive (untrained) group or to a video-trained group.

82 t difference between the placebo trained and untrained groups (21.3 +/- 12.2 and 20.3 +/- 7.0 mug/L,

83 ccess rates for the video-trained vs. naive, untrained groups (89% vs. 87%; p = .79).

84 ment, both the iron-supplemented trained and untrained groups showed significantly improved sFer, sTf

85 n levels are rising, in both the trained and untrained groups.

86 (i.e., were nonspecific), as well as to the untrained hand (i.e., were effector-independent).

87 we observed that tDCS effects generalized to untrained hand configurations and untrained finger seque

88 arning also facilitates performance with the untrained hand).

89 ioral advantages generalized strongly to the untrained hand, suggesting that tDCS strengthened effect

90 , as well as increased generalization to the untrained hand.

91 This effect transferred to the left (untrained) hand as well.

92 l intervention, whereas in the control group untrained health workers made an equal number of visits

93 Sixteen untrained healthy male volunteers (age = 25 +/- 4 years,

94 ociated with an improved physical fitness of untrained healthy rats, as evident from a 6.7% increase

95 ak) and oxygen-carrying capacity of blood in untrained healthy young subjects.

96 tations or for orientations presented in the untrained hemifield.

97 urons with receptive fields in the opposite, untrained hemifield.

98 Within the trained hemisphere (but not the untrained hemisphere), myelin staining density correlate

99 ficantly increased relative to the opposite 'untrained' hemisphere.

100 beliefs about the economy held by laypeople, untrained in economics, about such topics as e.g., the c

101 t, fallen by default to clinical geneticists untrained in rheumatology.

102 n this unique practice environment are often untrained in the care of patients who are dying.

103 rpretation of psychiatric screening tools by untrained individuals and utilization of results to incr

104 In musically untrained individuals, equal temporal intervals were per

105 However, in both musically trained and untrained individuals, the relative difference limens fo

106 nts in highly trained pianists and musically untrained individuals.

107 he origins of this ability by asking whether untrained infants can use conceptual knowledge to increa

108 uency of 4 kHz, but no generalization to the untrained intervals of 50, 200, or 500 msec bounded by t

109 Forty-one untrained, iron-depleted, nonanemic women were randomly

110 Forty-one untrained, iron-depleted, nonanemic women were randomly

111 n the new format did not generalize to novel untrained items, whereas significant generalization was

112 rical perceptual sensitivity from trained to untrained items.

113 Untrained laypeople were just as sensitive to these diff

114 t only for the trained hand, but also for an untrained leg muscle, an effect likely related to intere

115 an abrupt, often step-like increase from the untrained level of responding to the level seen in the w

116 electrically evoked exercise and PECO of the untrained limb remained unaltered after training.

117 Voluntary exercise of the untrained limb resulted in a 24 % reduction in diastolic

118 The increase in performance of the untrained limb was 83.6% of that observed for the traine

119 d heart rate responses, in the contralateral untrained limb, during voluntary but not electrically ev

120 ovements in the performance of the opposite, untrained limb.

121 trained dominant limb and the contralateral untrained limb.

122 t improvement in performance by the opposite untrained limb.

123 generalized partially to motion presented at untrained locations in the visual field, even those acro

124 tic generalization of perceptual learning to untrained locations when multiple stimuli are trained.

125 Participants were grouped by athleticism: untrained, low performance, and high performance (O2max

126 atus and maximal work capacity in previously untrained, marginally iron-deficient women with a baseli

127 cant generalisation of learning was shown to untrained measures of speech intelligibility (11/13 arti

128 and compared four experimental groups: media-untrained, media-trained, OEG-untrained and OEG-trained.

129 s lower in older untrained men than in young untrained men (6.8+/-1.2 versus 15.7+/-1.8 ms/mm Hg) due

130 .5 mmol l(-1) ) conditions in two groups: 10 untrained men (72.3 +/- 1.4 years; body mass index (BMI)

131 that was modestly higher than that in older untrained men and neural transduction (1.00+/-0.20 ms/mi

132 Whereas older untrained men did not exhibit fed-state increases in LBF

133 morphological cardiac changes in previously untrained men in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imagi

134 Integrated gain was lower in older untrained men than in young untrained men (6.8+/-1.2 ver

135 ng dynamic baroreflex engagement in 10 young untrained men, 6 older untrained men, and 12 older, phys

136 ngagement in 10 young untrained men, 6 older untrained men, and 12 older, physically active men.

137 e bout are lower in aged compared with young untrained men.

138 different between the endurance-trained and untrained men.

139 -0.20 ms/microm) comparable to that in young untrained men.

140 .7 ms/mm Hg) was comparable to that in young untrained men.

141 icular morphology and function in previously untrained men.

142 their modification range, compared with the untrained MI, but the range of synaptic modification was

143 acute responsiveness of VEGF to exercise in untrained mice (i.e. 161% increase, P < 0.001) was lost

144 in-10, was diminished in trained compared to untrained mice during sepsis.

145 tabolites discriminating between trained and untrained mice during sepsis.

146 eSPECT, to enable molecular brain imaging of untrained mice that are conscious, unanesthetized, and u

147 er brain regions of trained mice compared to untrained mice.

148 s discovered in the trained mice relative to untrained mice.

149 urons from the same mice or neurons from the untrained mice.

150 trained models were greater than that of the untrained models (P < .001).

151 Here, we report that untrained monkeys preferentially looked at a dynamic vid

152 ritical for allowing transfer of learning to untrained motion stimuli: (1) an intact LS cortex and (2

153 proprioception may influence performance in untrained motor skills.

154 xion (trained movement) and thumb extension (untrained movement) were analysed using random effects a

155 eptive acuity and b) improve the accuracy of untrained movement.

156 ing the transfer of visuomotor adaptation to untrained movements and movement sequences throughout th

157 even present with stationary snapshots from untrained movies.

158 perimental and control groups, compared with untrained naive subjects, indicating that the functional

159 Aortic-banding in untrained non-Tg controls led to pathological cardiac hy

160 .g., B(1)C(1), B(2)C(2)) before testing with untrained nonadjacent items.

161 CD, DE, EF) and tested them with previously untrained nonadjacent pairs (e.g., BD).

162 d their ability to generalize to a number of untrained, novel videos depicting grasps or other manual

163 successfully ordered pairs that included the untrained numerosities 5-9 regardless of the total surfa

164 f qualified nurses and increasing numbers of untrained nursing staff, reduced direct patient contact,

165 d object with untrained objects, transfer to untrained objects was observed.

166 mproved recognition of expert, compared with untrained objects, and this effect was eliminated in a b

167 tric relationship of the trained object with untrained objects, transfer to untrained objects was obs

168 sual cortex to trained objects compared with untrained objects.

169 short observation sessions and by relatively untrained observers.

170 stration in rats that were either trained or untrained on a lever-pressing task prior to cocaine self

171 r this heterogeneity were the trained versus untrained operator drawing contours to choose regions of

172 ne expression profiles in skeletal muscle of untrained or recreationally active individuals, what is

173 location, with minimal improvement found for untrained orthogonal orientations or for orientations pr

174 The sensory test (untrained panel, n=62) was based on scaling and check-al

175 Sixteen previously untrained participants (50 +/- 8 yr) consumed either a c

176 icantly more successful compared with naive, untrained participants (86% vs. 48% successful use; p <

177 Using fMRI, we found untrained participants' motivational strategies failed t

178 fMRI technique is intuitive, easy to use in untrained participants, and reliably robust within brief

179 icantly higher aerobic fitness measures than untrained participants.

180 Untrained patients served as controls.

181 arafoveal retinopathy entoptically, and most untrained patients with diabetes and control subjects wh

182 phs or both as the gold standard) with which untrained patients with diabetes detect their own parafo

183 More than half the untrained patients with diabetes were able to visualize

184 eferrals, and patient outcomes in trained vs untrained PCPs are needed before screening is widely imp

185 motor memories systematically regress toward untrained performance.

186 tion or equipment, and can be carried out by untrained personnel.

187 o an integrated analytical system for use by untrained personnel.

188 Compared with untrained persons exercising at the same absolute intens

189 Wrist movement accuracy in the untrained pointing task improved by 27% in 13/14 partici

190 y expansion based on conceptual knowledge in untrained, preverbal subjects.

191 tion to compare neural selectivity with RWs, untrained PWs (UTPWs), and trained PWs (TPWs).

192 ortex and intense sensory stimulation in the untrained rabbit, eyeblink responses were generated.

193 Untrained radiologists overestimated percentage density

194 GLYT2 around motor neurons in Trained versus Untrained rats based on immunohistochemical analyses.

195 (5%) had no significant effect on startle in untrained rats but did potentiate startle in rats that r

196 In untrained rats, prenatal treatment did not affect any of

197 We found that, in untrained rats, the majority of GC neurons were modulate

198 ained and Normal rats or between Trained and Untrained rats.

199 le is demonstrated by "reservoir computing": Untrained recurrent neural networks project input sequen

200 either by shifting the target stimuli to an untrained region of visual space or by having the subjec

201 d regularly menstruating athletes (trained), untrained regularly menstruating (untrained) and trained

202 within a specific exercise condition (i.e., untrained/rested, endurance trained/rested, untrained/EB

203 y able to accomplish the task using only the untrained sense.

204 sociated with trained shapes relative to the untrained shapes showed: (1) an increased level of activ

205 icant differences in [3H]AMPA binding in the untrained side of the cerebellum.

206 whether they can extend to other related but untrained skills.

207 on the trained hand and to the corresponding untrained skin location in the contralateral hand.

208 base interval generalized completely across untrained skin locations on the trained hand and to the

209 due to exposure alone, with improvement for untrained sounds roughly comparable to the speech benefi

210 tification, with benefits shown to extend to untrained speech perception as well.

211 Can such learning transfer to untrained stimuli and tasks, and does double training wi

212 ation frequencies, even when the trained and untrained stimuli had one modulation frequency in common

213 Under what circumstances VPL transfers to untrained stimuli is poorly understood.

214 Sharpening is evident for both trained and untrained stimuli over and above that seen for maturatio

215 ractice, these benefits rarely generalize to untrained stimulus dimensions.

216 .9 years; BMI = 21.2 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2)) and 10 untrained subjects (age = 21.9 +/- 0.9 years; BMI = 22.8

217 insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 63% in untrained subjects (P < 0.05), whereas this effect was b

218 wing us to explore the neuronal responses in untrained subjects at a high spatial and temporal resolu

219 In untrained subjects, both muscle protein breakdown and sy

220 In untrained subjects, during KE exercise, maximal O2 suppl

221 In untrained subjects, lipid infusion reduced oxidative and

222 05) and Body VO2 max (r = 0.91, P < 0.05) in untrained subjects, these variables were entirely unrela

223 Therefore, in untrained subjects, VO2 max is limited by mitochondrial

224 avior using economically unsophisticated and untrained subjects.

225 nd an enhanced defense system in relation to untrained subjects.

226 re the signals that drive learning in naive, untrained subjects.

227 hondrial superoxide emission compared to the untrained subjects.

228 State 3 respiration was lower in aged untrained subjects.

229 ained orientation and did not transfer to an untrained task (detection), but it did transfer partiall

230 er, whether those benefits transfer to other untrained tasks or lead to any general improvement in th

231 o evidence was found for transfer effects to untrained tasks, even when those tasks were cognitively

232 fter training and whether they generalize to untrained tasks.

233 Compared with members of the untrained teams, members of the trained teams acquired,

234 to the other task (order or asynchrony), an untrained temporal position (sound offset), or untrained

235 atch negativity generation to trained versus untrained tones (P = 0.02).

236 er was present at birth; 97% (4475/4612) had untrained traditional birth attendants.

237 within the nose compared with mice that were untrained, trained to a non-M71 activating odorant, or h

238 Both of these tasks measured spontaneous (untrained, unrewarded) behavior, and the stimuli in thes

239 tition maximum (1-RM) 3/wk], rendering 1 leg untrained (UT) and the contralateral, trained (T).

240 ypoxic challenge decreased CBF (P < 0.05) in untrained VEGF(f/f) , untrained VEGF(HSA-/-) and trained

241 A-/-) mice, both untrained and trained, than untrained VEGF(f/f) mice (P < 0.05).

242 ased CBF (P < 0.05) in untrained VEGF(f/f) , untrained VEGF(HSA-/-) and trained VEGF(HSA-/-) mice, bu

243 e, respectively, only 3% and 11% of those in untrained vehicle-treated animals (controls).

244 details of images that escape the notice of untrained viewers.

245 sted participants using a new and previously untrained visual detection task that was presented at th

246 Eighty-four untrained volunteers were randomly assigned to a HI(I)T

247 e ergometry in 40 carefully screened healthy untrained volunteers, 8 men and 12 women <50 years old,

248 RI-detected abnormalities (present in 71% of untrained vs. 14% of trained mice) and oxidative stress

249 males, 11 endurance exercise-trained and 12 untrained, were studied.

250 impairs aerobic adaptation among previously untrained women and that this can be corrected with iron

251 apacity after aerobic training in previously untrained women.

252 eases in d' indicate perceptual learning for untrained word pairs, and a combination of item-specific

253 r trained word pairs, and an equal number of untrained word pairs, was tested before and after traini

254 reading network connectivity for trained and untrained words.

255 hanges being mirrored by individual gains in untrained working memory performance.

256 raining engendered transfer-of-benefit to an untrained working memory task.

257 try) in 10 endurance exercise-trained and 10 untrained young males.

258 In addition a group of untrained young men was studied as controls.