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1 bserved in Ackr4-deficient LNs to ACKR4 loss upstream.
3 argeting specificity of the binary GAL4-UAS (Upstream Activating Sequence) system by making GAL4 tran
4 fbp1 activation, Rst2 is first recruited to upstream-activating sequence 1 (UAS1), then it subsequen
5 These interactions include looping between upstream activation sequence (UAS) and promoter elements
6 ular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 MAPK (upstream activators of MSK1) reduced MOR expression leve
7 4 signalling in brain endothelial cells, but upstream activators of this disease pathway have yet to
9 rks for multiple ligands utilize independent upstream adaptive mechanisms, but common downstream targ
10 pseudoknotted element H4a/Psi3 required five upstream adenylates, and H4a/Psi3 was necessary for coop
12 geted methylation were observed around 25 bp upstream and 40 bp downstream of the PAM site, while 20-
13 ed 206 kb centered on HPRT1 (including 87 kb upstream and 79 kb downstream) with median 27-fold redun
14 -standing microelectrodes presenting passive upstream and downstream extensions and integrated into m
17 nally, we will review treatments that affect upstream and downstream pathways related to inflammation
19 ncoding ribosomal proteins, and the majority upstream and proximal ribosome binding sites, suggesting
24 ized the polarization of afferent neurons in upstream brain regions may modulate activity in the targ
25 cial protection (potentially better provided upstream by keeping people out of the hospital rather th
27 tion in OZR may contribute to alterations in upstream capillary pressure profiles and the transcapill
28 aining the central Himalayan mountains, with upstream catchment areas ranging from about 350 to 50,00
29 nd implementation of policies to address the upstream causes of exclusion, such as adverse childhood
30 ies the set of covariance structures for the upstream cells that optimize the ability of information
31 e presence of HLA antibodies and complement, upstream complement anaphylatoxin production exacerbates
32 hese results highlight noncoding dsRNA as an upstream coordinator of prostaglandin and Wnt levels in
36 on termination is energy-dependent, requires upstream DNA sequences, and disrupts TECs to release the
37 genes that affect ABA levels and may act in upstream drought-related sensing and signaling mechanism
39 a mode of translation control whereby, as an upstream effector of TOR, ROP2 coordinates TOR function
40 AF1 mediates ERK5 activity by regulating the upstream effectors of ERK5 and also by modulating its ub
41 ffects poly(A) signal recognition on the far-upstream elements; in particular it prefers less U-rich
43 ons and that local policy leverage to reduce upstream emissions is larger than typically assumed.
44 egulated by DNA methylation, including at an upstream enhancer that is protected by TET2, to allow Te
45 t (COL1A2), requires the engagement of a far-upstream enhancer, whose activation is strongly dependen
47 sonic hedgehog/patched interaction, the most upstream event in ligand-induced activation of this sign
49 gnized function for TGF-beta signaling as an upstream factor controlling Treg cell activity in specif
51 eposits and neuronal apoptosis, the critical upstream factors contributing to p53 activation in AD ar
59 BP35 is known to form a dimer, and DRE2 acts upstream in the cytosolic FeS protein assembly pathway.
64 diaphragm muscle dysfunction (VIDD), but the upstream initiator(s) of this process remain to be eluci
67 on health; (2) identifying opportunities for upstream intervention; and (3) working collaboratively t
68 t decades with associated thinning migrating upstream into tributaries feeding the main glacier trunk
70 this study explored the potential effects of upstream iron corrosion on lead mobility in water distri
71 the gravel sourced more than 100 kilometres upstream is converted into sand by the time it reaches t
74 -GlcNAcylation disrupts its interaction with upstream kinase LATS1, prevents its phosphorylation, and
75 noncanonical NFkappaB pathway, including the upstream kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
76 , we demonstrate that inhibiting MEK1/2, the upstream kinases of ERK1/2 signaling, alters multifactor
77 h plant SnRKs are thought to be activated by upstream kinases, the overall mechanism remains obscure.
83 the binding affinity between Sesn2 and AMPK upstream LKB1 is impaired in aged hearts during ischemia
85 er, these studies are the first to define an upstream mechanism regulating VHL suppression in cancer
89 atogenesis and suggests that this functional upstream molecular relationship can be exploited for the
90 yte development and neuronal marker) and its upstream molecule FIG4 (phosphatidylinositol (3,5)-bisph
91 rther suggest miR-24 could function as a key upstream molecule regulating TCF1-mediated immune respon
94 disentangle superimposed firing patterns in upstream networks, and to represent their information co
95 support downstream charged modes as well as upstream neutral modes, and are expected to have a therm
97 her targeting deubiquitylating (DUB) enzymes upstream of 20S proteasome overcomes proteasome inhibito
98 vealed that transcription termination occurs upstream of a 5'-GCCAGCC-3' motif present in the virus g
99 cts with four separate native CATAC elements upstream of a basal promoter driving expression of eithe
100 In this study, two CWT plants 10 and 19 km upstream of a reservoir left geochemical signatures in s
102 cking EPH receptor A4 (Epha4KO/KO), which is upstream of alpha2-chimaerin in corticospinal neurons, e
103 king LKB1, a serine/threonine protein kinase upstream of AMPK, failed to activate AMPK and sustain en
104 mote dimerization and a conserved patch just upstream of an N-terminal Period/Arnt/Sim (PAS) domain,
105 tion pathway at multiple levels, acting both upstream of and downstream from her-1 to prevent aberran
106 ependent on glucocorticoid response elements upstream of annexins and was reinforced by the expressio
107 and on syntenin-syndecan endosomal budding, upstream of ARF6 small GTPase and its effector phospholi
109 ase 1 (Plk1) also phosphorylates key factors upstream of ATM/ATR and regulates their DDR-related func
111 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) placed MED12 upstream of auxin transport for the sugar modulation of
112 and HPV-associated histone enrichment sites upstream of cancer driver genes, which play central role
113 hondrial function and cellular bioenergetics upstream of cellular damage may offer advantages compare
114 with proviruses containing lethal mutations upstream of CTL epitopes can also be recognized by CTLs,
121 truncated version of GmCLV1A was identified upstream of GmCLV1A that is absent from GmNARK, but is p
123 highly conserved ERG-bound enhancer located upstream of HLX (which encodes a transcription factor im
126 n or near transcription factor binding sites upstream of key genes implicated in maintaining physiolo
130 ics, but the signaling pathways that operate upstream of Nkx factors in this context are not well und
132 position SoxF transcription factors directly upstream of Notch receptor expression during the acquisi
133 enetic evidence suggests that CPSF30-L works upstream of NRT1.1 and independently of NLP7 in response
134 onservation of putative NusB/E binding sites upstream of Nus factor genes suggests that Nus factor au
136 both oranges, and the biosynthetic activity upstream of phytoene desaturase was similar in Newhall a
138 in prostate cancer, PSMA initiates signaling upstream of PI3K through G protein-coupled receptors, sp
139 ch as early focal adhesion kinase activation upstream of PI3K-mTOR, and induces transcriptional chang
141 tructure reveals that Rad26 binds to the DNA upstream of Pol II, where it markedly alters its path.
142 latory molecule in allergic asthma that acts upstream of proallergic events and suggest that targetin
144 e, pro-degenerative MAPK signaling functions upstream of SARM1 by limiting the levels of the essentia
148 f ATP8A2 consists of an autoinhibitor domain upstream of the C-terminal 33 residues and an anti-autoi
149 f R and U5, a poorly characterized structure upstream of the characterized HIV riboswitch and demonst
150 tion analysis, we identified a region 1.1 kb upstream of the CK5 transcriptional start site that is n
151 gement of miropin, which inserts the segment upstream of the cleavage site as an extra beta-strand in
155 formed a functional dissection of the region upstream of the D. erecta eveS2 region and found multipl
156 e EPS regulatory pathway composed of the T4P upstream of the Dif signaling proteins in M. xanthus.
158 e the ZENV precursor to the membrane protein upstream of the envelope protein, and our rVSV-ZIKV cons
159 n the Severn River (UK), approximately 50 km upstream of the estuary (i.e. not "in the Severn Estuary
161 the transcription start site (TSS), which is upstream of the first protein-coding gene in the polygen
162 A that is absent from GmNARK, but is present upstream of the GmNARK orthologues, MtSUNN and PvNARK.
163 esence of G-quadruplex or i-motif structures upstream of the green fluorescent protein-coding sequenc
164 udinal transect of the South River, starting upstream of the historic Hg contamination point-source a
165 ly untranscribed sequences the same distance upstream of the intron as when the promoter was intact.
166 nsistently, Kabuki causative point mutations upstream of the JmjC domain do not disrupt UTX demethyla
169 ecipitation suggested that the -70 kb region upstream of the NGB gene contained a neuronal-specific e
171 oncentration of TCE decreased from 300 mug/L upstream of the planted area to less than 5 mug/L downst
172 aversing the lamina densa tend to accumulate upstream of the podocyte glycocalyx that spans the slit,
173 rocess conditions (for example, malfunctions upstream of the point of emissions; equipment issues) ca
174 ped to the repeat regions of the VZV genome, upstream of the predicted promoter of the immediate earl
175 density of antisense transcribing polymerase upstream of the promoter region exhibited an increase in
177 pathway, RDN1, functioning in the root, acts upstream of the receptor kinase SUNN, functioning in the
182 ds on interaction between a sequence element upstream of the start codon (the Shine-Dalgarno sequence
183 e determined sequences extending nearly 2 kb upstream of the transcription start site for 68 alleles
184 nce of about 84 nucleotides (nt) immediately upstream of the Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) coat protein
188 tion in Brachypodium distachyon That RVR1 is upstream of VRN1 is supported by the observations that V
189 ay indicated that the MybA protein functions upstream of wetA, vosA and velB, the key regulators invo
190 highlight TBX2 as a novel therapeutic target upstream of WNT3A, where WNT3A antagonists could be nove
191 we identified a novel Sertoli cell enhancer upstream of Wt1, and used it to drive expression of a tr
193 translation enhancing factor (PTEF) relieves upstream open reading frame repression and thereby facil
194 ession level of PTEF, and the alleviation of upstream open reading frame repression requires the prot
195 sion of a transcript variant lacking a small upstream open reading frame that would otherwise inhibit
197 in expression of Kozak sequence composition, upstream open reading frames (uORFs), and secondary stru
198 le promoter but also two pathogen-responsive upstream open reading frames (uORFsTBF1) of the TBF1 gen
199 ingle long transcript is produced with small upstream open reading frames in its 5' untranslated regi
200 rios, including the repressive effect of the upstream open reading frames on gene expression and the
201 This long RTC4 transcript contains small upstream open reading frames that prevent translation of
206 hosphorylated C/EBPbeta (pC/EBPbeta) and its upstream pathway in the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH).
207 , indicating that IL-18R is a critical MyD88-upstream pathway involved in the establishment of the Th
208 gmentation, highlighting the significance of upstream primary metabolic regulation for the diversific
209 lity in the numbers of molecules involved in upstream processes, such as the intake of inducers from
210 ilatory genes, bind to adjacent sites in the upstream promoter region of the nitrate reductase gene,
211 embryos lacking Coup-tfII (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II) in the Wolffi
218 hese extended 3'-end regions than within PAS-upstream regions and indeed are substantially more folde
219 error, rather than inherit it passively from upstream regions; that they combine multiple separate an
221 emonstrating that autophagy functions in the upstream regulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion v
225 ng of a dicitrate transporter fecBCDE and an upstream regulator likely for iron uptake, whereas the o
227 sive cytoplasmic adapter molecule that is an upstream regulator of both IkappaB kinase (IKK) and c-Ju
230 nscription factor E2F3 (E2F3) as a prominent upstream regulator of cocaine-induced changes in gene ex
231 d a novel regulatory mechanism of MSI2 as an upstream regulator of ESR1 and revealed the clinical rel
232 uman peripheral blood cells and to define an upstream regulator of its activation through the release
233 itor of DNA binding protein 2 (ID2) as a key upstream regulator of KDR activation during myeloid diff
234 A2 transcription factor was identified as an upstream regulator of miR-194, consistent with a strong
235 hioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) as an upstream regulator of miR-204, we also assessed whether
236 variants, we provide evidence that Nck is an upstream regulator of RhoA-dependent, MMP14-mediated bre
237 rved an attenuation of NF-kappaB pathway, an upstream regulator of the aforementioned genes, concomit
238 testicular development, thereby acting as an upstream regulator of the male pathway in P. sinensis.
239 rter of EMT, we discovered that S100A4 is an upstream regulator of the master EMT regulators SNAIL2 a
241 s response networks frequently have a single upstream regulator that controls many downstream genes.
242 (DNMT3a) in human cancer, the nature of its upstream regulator(s) and relationship with the master c
243 CN5L1 liver specific knockout mice and their upstream regulator, FoxO1 protein levels are decreased v
244 d that PO differentially regulates predicted upstream regulators and pathways, including LPS, members
247 of the top diseases, functions, pathways and upstream regulators implied that a common underlying mec
249 ) dual-specificity phosphatases as potential upstream regulators of ischemic neuronal death and Cdk4
250 Recently, oncogenic mutations in NRAS/KRAS, upstream regulators of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, have bee
251 y, to create membrane domains that partition upstream regulators of the TORC1 and TORC2 signaling pat
252 n factor that modulates the transcription of upstream regulators of WNT and MAPK-ERK signaling to saf
254 triiodothyronine (reverse) were inferred as upstream regulators with differences in incidence and st
255 ied, little is known about the role of their upstream regulators, the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange
258 t autophagy initiation complex (AIC) and the upstream regulatory components LKB1 and AMPKalpha, which
260 lines were made by linking the promoter and upstream regulatory segments of CD79a and CD79b to enhan
261 proaches: "Orbital-deconvolution" elucidated upstream, regulatory pathways interconnecting human susc
263 delivery to active muscle fibres by reducing upstream resistance via complementary signalling pathway
266 ter-photobleaching experiments point for the upstream role of ezrin in stabilizing actin filaments at
269 gnaling pathways following the activation of upstream sensors in response to environmental stimuli.
270 d interfering with the recruitment of ASC to upstream sensors, which prevents caspase-1 activation an
271 We demonstrate that, in the absence of an upstream Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence, PoTC breakdown pr
272 and positioned is poorly understood, and the upstream signal to initiate asymmetric cell division is
276 -2K is regulated by Ca(2+) ions and multiple upstream signaling pathways, but how it integrates these
278 of genomic insults are well understood, the upstream signalling pathways that trigger repair are est
279 al milieu, human cells efficiently translate upstream signals into post-translational modifications (
281 DDB2 recruited EZH2 and beta-catenin at an upstream site in the Rnf43 gene, enabling functional int
282 during which it mediates initiation at these upstream sites, differentially skewing translation and p
285 ld of health and human rights recognise that upstream social, political, and structural determinants
286 ng factor than black carbon or distance from upstream sources for long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids.
288 naling pathway transmits information from an upstream system to downstream systems, ideally in a unid
290 merges as a regulator of neutrophil function upstream to pyrin, is involved in NET release and regula
295 xpression as well as associated pathways and upstream transcription factors in human keratinocytes ex
296 ion module that controlled the expression of upstream transcription factors; and a phenotype module w
298 ierarchical models, here we find that higher upstream tree cover is associated with lower probability
299 3,362 children in 35 countries and find that upstream tree cover is linked to a lower probability of
300 lected variable losses of MeHg exported from upstream wetlands due to demethylation, absorption, depo
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