ライフサイエンスコーパス: ureteral

1 entation can be divided into improvements in ureteral access, irrigation, intracorporeal lithotripsy,

2 ered to prevent stone migration and maintain ureteral access.

3 revious renal transplantations; technique of ureteral anastomosis; use of ureteral stent; total ische

4 n be attempted in the setting of a refluxing-ureteral-anastomosis.

5 by one of 11 readers for renal vascular and ureteral anatomic variants.

6 tients with upper tract stones, knowledge of ureteral anatomy is essential.

7 was used to assess the arterial, venous, and ureteral anatomy, as well as parenchymal masses and scar

8 f both the donor and recipient; arterial and ureteral anatomy; procurement by transplant surgeon vers

9 ins a closed system but risks leaving behind ureteral and bladder cuff segments.

10 ponses to TGF-beta and Bmp signaling, in the ureteral and bladder mesenchyme during embryogenesis.

11 depends at least in part on intercalation of ureteral and bladder muscle.

12 important role in the treatment of proximal ureteral and intrarenal calculi with the development of

13 en attributed to impaired development of the ureteral and pelvic smooth muscle.

14 This method of lithotripsy is effective for ureteral and renal calculi in morbidly obese patients wh

15 Successful outcomes can be obtained for ureteral and renal calculi that are similar to the adult

16 t is the lithotrite of choice for endoscopic ureteral and ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy.

17 eal and/or papillary, 30 renal pelvic and/or ureteral, and 25 bladder abnormalities.

18 s, and can result in severe bladder, kidney, ureteral, and genital pathologies.

19 all, MR imaging correctly depicted vascular, ureteral, and parenchymal anatomy in 21 of 28 patients.

20 correctly determining the combined vascular, ureteral, and parenchymal anatomy in the harvested kidne

21 One hundred eight calculi (85 renal, 21 ureteral, and two in the bladder) were present in 32 of

22 ing consequences, such as mesenteric, bowel, ureteral, and/or bladder obstruction.

23 P1 mutant mice also had improper ureteral bladder insertion sites and shortened intravesi

24 Normal morphogenesis of the kidney, ureteral bud differentiation, ureteropelvic junction for

25 st successful technique for the treatment of ureteral calculi (success rates >90%) and is an optional

26 -garnet lithotripsy are greater than 90% for ureteral calculi, and 67-84% for renal calculi.

27 ore effective than pneumatic lithotripsy for ureteral calculi, but no more effective than shock-wave

28 opic approach for the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi, however, have continued to improve.

29 icantly in the spontaneous passage of distal ureteral calculi, thereby reducing the need for surgical

30 ogy pertaining to the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.

31 y, idiopathic urethritis, and the passage of ureteral calculi.

32 ective study performed with patients who had ureteral calculi.

33 ment of choice for the majority of renal and ureteral calculi.

34 k-wave lithotripsy (Dornier HM-3) for distal ureteral calculi.

35 enal calculi and 19 (38%) had an obstructing ureteral calculus.

36 There was a small increase in ureteral complication (8.3% vs. 2.3% P=0.06) and a signi

37 Ureteral complication rate was 1.9% in stent versus 5.8%

38 ys were excluded, unless already developed a ureteral complication.

39 s independently associated with reduction in ureteral complications (incidence rate ratios [IRR], 0.4

40 sed to examine the association of stent with ureteral complications (leak or stricture) and urinary t

41 We determined the incidence of ureteral complications and assessed the association with

42 se of a ureteral stent is protective against ureteral complications and increased donor age is associ

43 e associated with a significant reduction in ureteral complications but increases UTI risk.

44 The rate of ureteral complications declined significantly when compa

45 Stents were associated with a decrease in ureteral complications in deceased donor recipients (IRR

46 splantations after living donor nephrectomy, ureteral complications occurred in 18 (3.7%), including

47 Ureteral complications occurred in three grafts in the e

48 Ureteral complications of renal transplants after living

49 o factors were significantly associated with ureteral complications on multivariate analysis: increas

50 Given that the existing literature on ureteral complications pertains mostly to deceased as op

51 ors, we aimed to assess the risk factors for ureteral complications solely after living donor nephrec

52 amine the association of stents with risk of ureteral complications, particularly in relationship wit

53 is associated with an increased incidence of ureteral complications.

54 s circulation and produced urine through the ureteral conduit in vivo.

55 ongenital anomaly frequently associated with ureteral defects.

56 study the molecular mechanisms that modulate ureteral development, we inactivated Smad4, the common S

57 Tbx18 has been shown to be essential for ureteral development.

58 ty and specificity was achieved by using the ureteral dilatation criterion, which had 73% sensitivity

59 Ureteral dilatation may yield the best accuracy for the

60 Only ureteral dilatation was significantly related to all-gra

61 Renal length, ureteral dilatation, pelvic dilatation, and corticomedul

62 tract developmental defects, including renal/ureteral duplication, hydroureter, and hydronephrosis, w

63 , and sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression in the ureteral epithelium.

64 procedure: midline incisional hernia, repair ureteral fistula, and repair enterocutaneous fistula.

65 Unobstructed antegrade ureteral flow was defined by the presence of contrast ma

66 cells, and 50% develop hydronephrosis due to ureteral hyperplasia.

67 the same surgeon with a previously described ureteral implantation, and a 7F ureteral stent attached

68 erse events, with one related to the study a ureteral injury incurred during sentinel-lymph-node diss

69 rs ( approximately 100 cells/cluster) at the ureteral insertion and along thick bundles of nerve fibe

70 al, E15.5 Fgfr2(ST-/-) mice exhibit improper ureteral insertion sites into the bladder, consistent wi

71 rostral migration of CARTp-IR cells from the ureteral insertion toward the bladder body during postna

72 factor (recent bladder operation, retrograde ureteral instrumentation) developed septicemia that requ

73 and bladder cuff, the "pluck" technique, and ureteral intussusception.

74 Urological complications, namely ureteral leak and obstruction, remain a major source of

75 mplications occurred in 18 (3.7%), including ureteral leak in 10 (2.1%) and ureteral stricture in 8 (

76 Eleven patients (21 kidneys) had ureteral leaks or fistulas, one patient (one kidney) had

77 fication was quantified as the percentage of ureteral length that contained enhanced urine.

78 adic multicellular clusters after unilateral ureteral ligation and migrated into the parietal Bowman'

79 vely constant in the obstructed kidney after ureteral ligation.

80 CT/PET showed that the right ureteral mass and all lung nodules had regressed or disa

81 In Six1(-/-) mice, the ureteral mesenchymal precursors failed to condense and d

82 onic hedgehog signaling in kidney stroma and ureteral mesenchyme, but does not mediate the effects of

83 e absence of canonical Smad signaling in the ureteral mesenchyme, but not in the urothelium itself, l

84 ranscription factor selectively expressed in ureteral mesenchyme, regulates smooth muscle differentia

85 gical steps for robotic pyeloplasty, robotic ureteral neocystostomy with ureteral reimplantation and

86 Compared with controls, ureteral obstructed animals displayed increased tubular

87 uropathy (19%), bowel obstruction (14%), and ureteral obstruction (12%).

88 the protective effects in a 3-day unilateral ureteral obstruction (3dUUO) mouse model.

89 3 hours after reperfusion; after unilateral ureteral obstruction (day 7) in mice; and after gentamic

90 s, we subjected the hypomorphs to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and again found significant p

91 , in two models of kidney injury: unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia reperfusion.

92 After unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia/reperfusion, Nog

93 thelial cells of a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and related cell models using

94 ction in renal fibrosis following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice, a model of progressi

95 Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a well-characterized murin

96 aling and renal fibrosis in a rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model by transferring a doxyc

97 Using the established unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of kidney fibrosis as o

98 The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of kidney injury induce

99 d JNK targets were activated in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal fibrosis in vi

100 In a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal fibrosis, inju

101 tubular fibrosis by using a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model.

102 tivation in renal fibrosis in the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model.

103 stigated between 3 and 14 d after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or sham surgery (n = 8 mice p

104 stigated between 3 and 14 d after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or sham surgery.

105 l tubules of kidneys subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) using Cre-loxP-mediated gene

106 injury in vivo, a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was employed.

107 g this type of injury, modeled by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), cells undergo epithelial-to-

108 rteen days after the induction of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), wild-type mice reconstituted

109 acrophages upregulated Mrc2 after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

110 the tubulointerstitium (TI) after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

111 II (Ang II) and mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

112 the fate of these cells following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

113 al tubular autophagy in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

114 ar epithelial injury initiated by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

115 murine renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

116 d in C57BL/6 mice with a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

117 e interstitial fibrosis caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

118 us angiotensin-(1-7) in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

119 rbates kidney fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

120 interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

121 mia-reperfusion (I/R, days 1-56), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO, days 1-10), and Alport mice (

122 f a single dose of suramin immediately after ureteral obstruction abolished the expression of fibrone

123 Endotoxemia and ureteral obstruction also increased NGAL and MCP-1 gene

124 n1alpha1-eGFPL10a mice subject to unilateral ureteral obstruction and analyzed and validated the resu

125 Patients were clinically stable with known ureteral obstruction and had been referred for antegrade

126 18 induces TLR4 expression during unilateral ureteral obstruction and induces TLR4 expression in HK-2

127 reatment of idiopathic RPF aims at relieving ureteral obstruction and inducing disease regression, an

128 ow that renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction and metastasis of human cancer xeno

129 retroperitoneum, where it frequently causes ureteral obstruction and renal failure.

130 cantly more fibrosis after 7 d of unilateral ureteral obstruction compared with wild-type mice, despi

131 ys of diabetic rats and mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction depicted significant loss of SCAI e

132 at day 21, relative to untreated unilateral ureteral obstruction disease model.

133 is, we subjected VDR-null mice to unilateral ureteral obstruction for 7 days.

134 in the fibrotic kidney induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice, whereas renal Smad abundan

135 voluted tubule cells and those of unilateral ureteral obstruction in the afflicted mouse kidney sugge

136 n highly selected children with intraluminal ureteral obstruction in the hands of a very experienced

137 ed inflammation and fibrosis associated with ureteral obstruction in vivo Therefore, domain 4 of CTGF

138 After unilateral ureteral obstruction in wild-type mice, we observed a pr

139 Ureteral obstruction induced Shh, predominantly in the r

140 Unilateral ureteral obstruction injury was induced in Snai1 knockou

141 ession in the afflicted kidney by unilateral ureteral obstruction is accompanied by changes in Usf1 a

142 we report that renal nerve stimulation after ureteral obstruction is the primary profibrotic signal a

143 Unilateral ureteral obstruction kidney Mphis form three distinct su

144 hen subjected to the normotensive unilateral ureteral obstruction model of endogenous RAS activation,

145 We used the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of progressive kidney fibrosi

146 In the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, let-7c upr

147 Here, in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, tubular ep

148 that led to severe fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis.

149 ers of disease progression in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal interstitial fibrosi

150 In the unilateral ureteral obstruction model, ICG-001 ameliorated renal in

151 he normal and injured kidneys, we found that ureteral obstruction not just blocked the NP elimination

152 , compound 8, starting the day of unilateral ureteral obstruction operation, inhibited collagen depos

153 +) C57BL/6 mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction or sham surgery (n = 8/group; sham,

154 Finally, in vivo model of unilateral ureteral obstruction revealed that matrix stiffness-regu

155 abetic rat and mouse kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction showed SMA expression, as evidenced

156 in treatment of mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction similarly reduced YAP/TAZ levels an

157 injecting oleic acid followed by unilateral ureteral obstruction surgery in mice resulted in enhance

158 and then performed either sham or unilateral ureteral obstruction surgery.

159 In mice with ureteral obstruction that were treated with the pan anti

160 th bone marrow from coll-GFP mice, underwent ureteral obstruction to induce fibrosis.

161 In vivo, using ureteral obstruction to model renal fibrosis, we observe

162 mean age, 45 years; P = .54) with unilateral ureteral obstruction underwent contemporaneous urinalysi

163 ng protein were subjected to left unilateral ureteral obstruction versus sham operation.

164 men, 137 women; mean age, 59 years) without ureteral obstruction who underwent unenhanced scanning a

165 eate), prerenal (endotoxemia), or postrenal (ureteral obstruction) injury.

166 ry angiogenesis in the cornea and unilateral ureteral obstruction).

167 on also occurred in kidneys after unilateral ureteral obstruction, a model of tubulointerstitial fibr

168 After unilateral ureteral obstruction, all members of the Wnt family exce

169 s and renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction, and also attenuates ER stress, pro

170 rile renal inflammation following unilateral ureteral obstruction, and in experimental pyelonephritis

171 studied: Maleate nephrotoxicity, unilateral ureteral obstruction, and LPS preconditioning.

172 ificantly at 14 and 21 days after unilateral ureteral obstruction, and renal oxidized protein levels

173 endoureterotomy is useful for other types of ureteral obstruction, and we aimed to assess its long-te

174 inflammation in murine models of unilateral ureteral obstruction, antimembrane basal GN, and infusio

175 interstitial fibrosis in mouse kidney after ureteral obstruction, as demonstrated by a reduced inter

176 In mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, genetic deletion or pharmacologic

177 enges, namely, fistulae, abscesses, bowel or ureteral obstruction, hemorrhage, cancer and thickened m

178 In animals exposed to unilateral ureteral obstruction, Hh pathway suppression by expressi

179 ependent murine fibrosis model of unilateral ureteral obstruction, kidney fibrosis was unexpectedly m

180 ed to 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy or unilateral ureteral obstruction, plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 al

181 A signature of unilateral ureteral obstruction, proximal tubular atrophy leads to

182 tion of folic acid nephropathy or unilateral ureteral obstruction, TbetaRII(endo+/-) mice exhibited l

183 In the kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction, there were significantly more apop

184 After 21 d of unilateral ureteral obstruction, total kidney collagen was signific

185 ts or wild-type mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, TRPC3 expression increased in the

186 s of renal interstitial fibrosis, unilateral ureteral obstruction, unilateral ischemia-reperfusion, C

187 ssue collagen in the kidneys after sustained ureteral obstruction, when compared with their wild-type

188 fibrogenesis in mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, whereas activation of Hif in myelo

189 antly in injured epithelium after unilateral ureteral obstruction, whereas downstream signaling from

190 Kidney hydronephrosis in C2RD was caused by ureteral obstruction, which was, in turn, induced by SCF

191 Reversing the unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced inflammatory microenvironme

192 In a novel mouse model, unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced inflammatory milieu activat

193 ysyl oxidase inhibitor alleviated unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced tubular dilatation and prol

194 tubulointerstitial region of the unilateral ureteral obstruction-injured kidney in mice correlating

195 exacerbated inflammation and fibrosis after ureteral obstruction.

196 d sterile inflammation induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction.

197 ion on kidney fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction.

198 sis, cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and bilateral ureteral obstruction.

199 d levels of active TGF-beta after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

200 ed renal tubular epithelium after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

201 ding to tubular atrophy following unilateral ureteral obstruction.

202 elial cell (TEC) apoptosis during unilateral ureteral obstruction.

203 and macrophage infiltration after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

204 ent of fibrosis in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction.

205 eys significantly increased after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

206 er in kidneys from CLOCK-deficient mice with ureteral obstruction.

207 chymal damage were significantly worse after ureteral obstruction.

208 ently available for the cancer patients with ureteral obstruction.

209 kidneys closely parallels that observed with ureteral obstruction.

210 ey injury induced by ischemia reperfusion or ureteral obstruction.

211 c cystinosis, in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction.

212 ls of chronic kidney disease: (1) Unilateral ureteral obstructive nephropathy, (2) streptozotocin-ind

213 ation and log rolling or between bladder and ureteral opacification (P > .05).

214 There was no significant difference between ureteral opacification and log rolling or between bladde

215 No difference in ureteral opacification was observed between the log-roll

216 Ureteral opacification was quantified as the percentage

217 Both transurethral resection of the ureteral orifice (pluck) and intussusception techniques

218 y and biopsy showed a 4-cm mass at the right ureteral orifice positive for a high-grade papillary tra

219 lrasonographic (US) nephrostograms to assess ureteral patency after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCN

220 Contrast-enhanced US demonstrated ureteral patency in eight studies and obstruction in two

221 ide a safer, more convenient way to evaluate ureteral patency than fluoroscopy.

222 e between US and fluoroscopic assessments of ureteral patency was evaluated by using a Clopper-Pearso

223 us urologic reconstruction and pretransplant ureteral pathologic conditions increased the risk of uro

224 for surgeon-controlled robotic management of ureteral pathology and evaluate the developments in the

225 Ureterolysis and other mid-ureteral pathology have been treated with durable functi

226 w the role of robotics for the management of ureteral pathology, in particular, ureteropelvic junctio

227 Ureteral, pelvic, and urinary tract dilatations were sig

228 ion to congenital defects in humans, such as ureteral-pelvic obstructions, may be related to the comp

229 Moreover, mutant mice showed abnormal ureteral peristalsis.

230 tor fail to develop the renal pelvis and the ureteral peristaltic movement.

231 unction obstruction, ureteral strictures, or ureteral polyps.

232 Open ureteral reconstruction continues to have durable long-t

233 nced hands, minimally invasive approaches to ureteral reconstruction have proven to be feasible with

234 Surgeon-controlled, robotic-assisted, ureteral reconstructive and ablative surgery is being pe

235 Seven patients had no posttransplant ureteral reflux, three had grade 1 reflux, and two had g

236 oplasty, robotic ureteral neocystostomy with ureteral reimplantation and robotic ureteroureterostomy/

237 tomy, ureteroureterostomy, ureterolysis, and ureteral reimplantation with and without psoas hitch.

238 c urological procedures such as pyeloplasty, ureteral reimplantation, complete and partial nephrectom

239 Nevertheless, open ureteral repair remains a viable option with durable lon

240 wever, there were fewer nonvisualized distal ureteral segments with the longer imaging delay.

241 he middle (P </= .008) and distal (P < .001) ureteral segments.

242 e widths of the proximal, middle, and distal ureteral segments.

243 ency reduces the number and contractility of ureteral smooth muscle cells, leading to abnormal pyelou

244 f urothelial cells, and proper investment of ureteral smooth muscle cells.

245 uggests that at least some Bmp4 functions in ureteral smooth muscle may be Smad-independent.

246 Despite a reduction in quantity of ureteral smooth muscle, differentiation proceeded withou

247 ant recipients, BKV has been associated with ureteral stenosis, interstitial nephritis, and hemorrhag

248 theter (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 2.8-5.4; P <0.001), ureteral stent (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8; P=0.01), age (

249 d exposure to antibodies, the placement of a ureteral stent at the time of kidney transplantation was

250 ly described ureteral implantation, and a 7F ureteral stent attached to a large diameter suprapubic c

251 One-stage tubeless antegrade ureteral stent insertion in selected cases showed 88% te

252 Tubeless ureteral stent insertion was attempted in 41 (30 men, 11

253 truction and had been referred for antegrade ureteral stent insertion.

254 Our findings reveal that the presence of a ureteral stent is associated with an increase in the ris

255 The use of a ureteral stent is protective against ureteral complicati

256 uded cold kidney irrigation through either a ureteral stent or a renal artery cannulation, and the ap

257 Ureteral stent placement at kidney transplantation may r

258 n of a temporizing nature: generally, either ureteral stent placement or nephrostomy drainage.

259 ale gender, prolonged use of Foley catheter, ureteral stent, age, and delayed graft function are inde

260 sis: increased donor age and no placement of ureteral stent.

261 s; technique of ureteral anastomosis; use of ureteral stent; total ischemia time; serum creatinine on

262 ls, complications associated with indwelling ureteral stents and the future of stents in urology.

263 Ureteral stents are associated with a significant reduct

264 Ureteral stents have assisted urologists in the performa

265 Controversy exists regarding the benefit of ureteral stents in kidney transplantation.

266 After renal access was achieved, ureteral stents were inserted.

267 After removal of suprapubic catheters and ureteral stents, all patients were able to void spontane

268 w provides an update of the current uses for ureteral stents, technology of biomaterials, complicatio

269 CT, while those with moderate likelihood of ureteral stone (moderate STONE score, 6-9) underwent red

270 patients with moderate to high likelihood of ureteral stone to safely and effectively identify patien

271 n the ED with moderate to high likelihood of ureteral stone undergoing CT imaging.

272 Objective likelihood of ureteral stone was determined by using the previously de

273 All three ureteral stones (3, 4, and 8 mm) were correctly identifi

274 Stone migration during the treatment of ureteral stones can prove frustrating and increases both

275 The stone free rate for ureteral stones is close to 100%.

276 ials and meta-analysis, patients with distal ureteral stones measuring less than 1 cm who are candida

277 ronic acid (Deflux) implants to mimic distal ureteral stones on computed tomography (CT) scan.

278 Medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones provides a nonsurgical option for patien

279 lockers or alpha blockers were used to treat ureteral stones were eligible for inclusion in our analy

280 rs; male-female ratio, 14:8) with kidney and ureteral stones who underwent CT with z-axis modulation

281 The success rate for treating proximal ureteral stones with small rigid and flexible ureterosco

282 vides a nonsurgical option for patients with ureteral stones.

283 ECD recipients had a higher incidence of ureteral stricture (4.4% vs. 0%), but this never resulte

284 Ureteral stricture disease commonly affects the cancer p

285 %), including ureteral leak in 10 (2.1%) and ureteral stricture in 8 (1.6%).

286 r hemorrhage, two major hemorrhages, and one ureteral stricture.

287 Proximally, ureteral strictures and symptomatic retrocaval ureters h

288 The management of ureteral strictures in transplanted kidney is challengin

289 erotomy should be a first line treatment for ureteral strictures of length 10 mm or shorter in kidney

290 mations, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, ureteral strictures, or ureteral polyps.

291 Surgeon-controlled, robotic-assisted ureteral surgery is well tolerated, feasible, and effect

292 mitant kidney injury by performing bilateral ureteral transection in mice.

293 We investigated the hypothesis that ureteral trauma caused by placement of indwelling stents

294 tient (one kidney) was suspected of having a ureteral tumor, and the final two patients (three kidney

295 anning at CT urography yielded no additional ureteral tumors and resulted in additional radiation exp

296 igone are crucial for proper function of the ureteral valve mechanism; however, the developmental eve

297 Once in the bladder, the ureteral valve, a mechanism that is not well understood,

298 inoma infiltrating the full thickness of the ureteral wall.

299 acification scores for each segment and mean ureteral width measurements for each technique were comp

300 Similarly, mean ureteral widths were significantly higher with furosemid