1 ecies, from fish to mammals, albeit not in a 
urodele.                                                
 
     2 he idea that they may also function in adult 
urodeles.                                               
 
     3 e features classically regarded as unique to 
urodeles.                                               
 
     4 hanistic novelties in amniotes, anurans, and 
urodeles.                                               
 
     5 ecules during the process of regeneration in 
urodeles.                                               
 
     6 d a critical control of limb regeneration in 
urodeles.                                               
 
     7                                   In certain 
urodeles, 
a lost appendage, including hand and foot, can
 
     8 morphogenesis of superficial mesoderm in the 
urodeles Ambystoma maculatum, Ambystoma mexicanum, and T
 
     9 s for a contributing factor in the deficient 
urodele amphibian Ab responses.                         
 
    10 ribution to the peptides found in anuran and 
urodele amphibian orders.                               
 
    11  and recently metamorphosed juveniles of the 
urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltl.                    
 
    12 ral nervous system of adult specimens of the 
urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltl.                    
 
    13 VT-immunoreactivity (ir) was greater in this 
urodele amphibian than in any other species.            
 
    14                                  The newt, a 
urodele amphibian, is able to repeatedly regenerate its 
 
    15                               The axolotl, a 
urodele amphibian, provides a model with all the benefit
 
    16  distributed in specific brain areas of this 
urodele amphibian.                                      
 
    17                                              Urodele amphibians (newts and salamanders) are of partic
 
    18                                              Urodele amphibians (salamanders) are important models fo
 
    19                                              Urodele amphibians and teleost fish regenerate amputated
 
    20 etazoan phylogeny, but among vertebrates the 
urodele amphibians are exceptional.                     
 
    21                                 For example, 
urodele amphibians can completely regenerate all lost ti
 
    22                     The regenerating limb of 
urodele amphibians is an important system for evaluating
 
    23                           In contrast, adult 
urodele amphibians make larval-like responses and are no
 
    24                         Tooth development in 
urodele amphibians occurs from a restricted region of an
 
    25                       Adult teleost fish and 
urodele amphibians possess a spectacular ability to rege
 
    26   These findings support the conclusion that 
urodele amphibians possess a well-developed vasotocin sy
 
    27                                         Some 
urodele amphibians possess the capacity to regenerate th
 
    28                                              Urodele amphibians regenerate appendages through the rec
 
    29                                        Adult 
urodele amphibians such as the newt have remarkable rege
 
    30 ms governing pluripotency are conserved from 
urodele amphibians to mammals.                          
 
    31                              The capacity of 
urodele amphibians to regenerate a variety of body parts
 
    32  the commonly studied vertebrate models (the 
urodele amphibians).                                    
 
    33 imitive ectoderm of embryos from mammals and 
urodele amphibians, and here we report the isolation of 
 
    34  extensive ability for adult regeneration as 
urodele amphibians, including 1 of the more popular mode
 
    35                                           In 
urodele amphibians, lens induction during development an
 
    36                    We show here that, in two 
urodele amphibians, newts and axolotls, the regulation o
 
    37 ation in embryos from axolotls, representing 
urodele amphibians, since urodele embryology is basal to
 
    38                                           In 
urodele amphibians, the hypothalamic neuropeptide argini
 
    39 is a property that seems to be restricted to 
urodele amphibians.                                     
 
    40  of limb loss and limb re-evolution, and the 
urodele and caecilian in our sample.                    
 
    41                                              Urodeles and fetal mammals are capable of impressive epi
 
    42 cuments the morphological diversity of early 
urodeles and includes larvae and adults of both neotenic
 
    43 idate the mechanisms of lens regeneration in 
urodeles and its absence in higher vertebrates.         
 
    44 e difference in regenerative ability between 
urodeles and mammals.                                   
 
    45  the restorative trajectory observed in some 
urodeles and teleosts, resulting in the formation of a s
 
    46             During appendage regeneration in 
urodeles and teleosts, tissue replacement is precisely r
 
    47       With ten extant families, salamanders (
urodeles) 
are one of the three major groups of modern am
 
    48                                              Urodeles begin gastrulation with much of their presumpti
 
    49 issues within a body and among species, with 
urodeles being the most spectacular.                    
 
    50 ally be used to identify subdivisions in the 
urodele brain similar to other vertebrates, which are no
 
    51 due to the generally pedomorphic features of 
urodele brains.                                         
 
    52                                        Adult 
urodeles can regenerate their limbs by local formation o
 
    53 ly discovered differential responsiveness of 
urodele cells to factors present in serum at the wound s
 
    54 lly, Pax6 is broadly expressed all along the 
urodele CNS (olfactory bulbs, pallium, basal ganglia, di
 
    55 otls, representing urodele amphibians, since 
urodele embryology is basal to amphibians and was conser
 
    56 o theories of sperm competition because most 
urodele females--in contrast to other vertebrate females
 
    57        Subduction may be a common feature of 
urodele gastrulation, differing in this regard from anur
 
    58  is widely maintained in the brains of adult 
urodeles, 
in contrast to the situation in other tetrapod
 
    59 ment proteins in regenerative tissues of the 
urodele lens and limb supports a nonimmunologic function
 
    60 sion and the effects of exogenous FGF during 
urodele lens regeneration were conserved.               
 
    61                    Following amputation of a 
urodele limb or teleost fin, the formation of a blastema
 
    62 e target genes regulated by retinoic acid in 
urodele limb regeneration, we have used pseudotyped retr
 
    63  expressed in the regenerating tissue during 
urodele limb regeneration.                              
 
    64 placed through regeneration (for example, in 
urodeles, 
lizards, arthropods and crustaceans) or perman
 
    65                                          The 
urodele myotube responds to a ligand generated downstrea
 
    66                   Anuran (frog) tadpoles and 
urodeles (
newts and salamanders) are the only vertebrate
 
    67         The molecular pathway(s) involved in 
urodele regeneration are largely unknown.               
 
    68 s we understand more about the mechanisms of 
urodele regeneration.                                   
 
    69                        Among tetrapods, only 
urodele salamanders, such as the axolotl Ambystoma mexic
 
    70                                        Adult 
urodeles (
salamanders) are unique in their ability to re
 
    71                                        Adult 
urodeles (
salamanders) are unique in their ability to re
 
    72                                        Adult 
urodeles (
salamanders) are unique in their ability to re
 
    73  be involved in limb regeneration in certain 
urodele species.                                        
 
    74 re akin to tissue renewal in mammals than to 
urodele tail regeneration.                              
 
    75 tanding the cellular plasticity that enables 
urodeles to regenerate many tissues is important for det
 
    76                   This remarkable ability of 
urodeles to restore entire limbs has been largely linked
 
    77    To investigate germ cell determination in 
urodeles, 
where germ plasm has never been conclusively i