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1 -specific responses (targeting V1, V2, or V3 variable regions).
2 c antibodies with specificity for the unique variable region.
3 the length and amino acid composition of the variable region.
4 ous phosphorylation sites within the PACSIN2-variable region.
5 nce changes accumulated throughout the MG192 variable region.
6 ngineering new functions into the antibody's variable region.
7 ymphoma immunoglobulin heavy- or light-chain variable regions.
8 ogically active forms of cagA with longer 3' variable regions.
9 luenza infection but generally target highly variable regions.
10 permutation, both in their CDR and framework-variable regions.
11 and also immunodominant epitopes located in variable regions.
12 ghout the protein and not just in the highly variable regions.
13 into the Env trimer fold as well as more the variable regions.
14 f sequence coverage of both the constant and variable regions.
15 tated by a relatively few amino acids within variable regions.
16 despite ongoing somatic hypermutation of Ig variable regions.
17 of conserved regions interweaved with highly variable regions.
18 cells expresses a unique set of IgH and IgL variable regions.
20 plasma IgG against the HIV-1 envelope (Env) variable region 1 and 2 inversely correlated with risk,
21 oduces reads spanning 16S ribosomal RNA gene variable regions 1 and 2 ( approximately 360 bp) with a
24 ction risk: the binding of IgG antibodies to variable regions 1 and 2 (V1V2) of HIV-1 envelope protei
25 s capable of neutralizing HIV-1 often target variable regions 1 and 2 (V1V2) of the HIV-1 envelope, b
26 tralization by monoclonal antibodies against variable regions 1 and 2 (V1V2), suggesting that SIV and
27 the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) beta-chain variable region 11 (TRBV11-2) were 'preferentially' acti
28 y the expression of an invariant alpha-chain variable region 14-alpha-chain joining region 18 (V(alph
29 17, as well as with mucosal IgG to the gp120 variable region 2 (V2) and the expression of 12 genes, t
30 immune pressure in the HIV-1 envelope (Env) variable region 2 (V2) focused on residue 169, which is
31 -chain variable region 9 and the delta-chain variable region 2 (Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells) are the predo
32 Arabidopsis CESA7 reveals four cysteines in variable region 2 (VR2) and two cysteines at the carboxy
33 onstrate that vaccine-induced HIV-1 envelope variable region 2 and constant region 1 antibodies syner
34 om the sequence of the vaccine insert in Env variable region 2 positions 169 and 181, which were impl
35 d protection identified HIV-1 envelope (Env) variable region 2-binding antibodies as inversely correl
36 evidence, the antiviral mechanisms by which variable region 2-specific antibodies may have contribut
37 receptor (TCR) incorporating TCRdelta-chain variable-region-2 [Vdelta2((+))], which are activated by
38 lative microscopy, we found that gamma-chain variable region 5 (V(gamma)5) TCRs expressed by epiderma
39 ragine-linked glycosylation sites (PNGSs) in variable region 5 (V5) than did paired ibalizumab-suscep
40 oop D and two glycosylation sites located in variable region 5 of Env allows Env-binding to, and acti
41 reared Amblyomma americanum using PCR of the variable region 5 of the 16S rRNA gene followed by semic
42 aracterized by high-throughput sequencing of variable regions 7-9 of prokaryotic 16S ribosomal DNA.
43 xpressing the TCR containing the gamma-chain variable region 9 and the delta-chain variable region 2
44 ptor binding domain (RBD) extends beyond the variable regions A and B (VRA and VRB, respectively), to
45 ric between GALV and KoRV-B established that variable regions A and B of the surface unit of the enve
46 results suggest that outside of structurally variable regions, admixture does not substantially disru
47 g these loci, and highlight that copy number variable regions allow for the creation of novel genes t
48 lonal IgG(1) antibodies which share over 90% variable-region amino acid sequence identity and recogni
50 reaction amplification of the 16S rRNA V4-V5 variable region and deep sequencing using the Illumina M
51 ulated by PACSIN1 phosphorylation within the variable region and is required for AMPAR endocytosis.
53 rimer pairs in conserved regions that border variable regions and could differentiate between serotyp
55 comparing monoclonal IgA1 that had different variable regions and mesangial deposition patterns indic
57 binding epitopes on the therapeutic antibody variable region, and featured inhibitory and neutralizin
58 ptide sequences are attributable to antibody variable regions, and are potentially indicative of dise
59 tein that undergoes antigenic variation at 7 variable regions, and variants are selected by immune pr
60 nal status of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region are important in clinical management of
61 ncoded elements in the T cell receptor (TCR) variable regions are evolutionarily conserved to only re
62 fidence peptide spectral matches of antibody variable regions are obtained by searching a reference d
65 served central core region with structurally variable regions at the amino- and carboxyl termini, tha
66 ir major viral protein 3 contains loops with variable regions at their apexes conferring capsid surfa
67 8 weeks of infection, sequences within mgpB variable region B were replaced by novel sequences gener
68 ressing an SEA-nonresponsive T-cell receptor variable region beta chain are nonresponsive to SEA in m
69 n within the well-known activation T-loop, a variable region between protein kinase catalytic subdoma
71 , antibodies that were bioengineered to have variable regions capable of binding to neurons or oligod
72 king of conserved stereotypic features of Ig variable regions characteristic of U-CLL indicate circul
79 selection and/or mutability of the antibody variable region contributed significantly to observed de
81 rminus of Bacillus subtilis FtsZ (C-terminal variable region (CTV)) are both necessary and sufficient
82 omologous inoculation of the PF2-containing, variable region-deleted YU2 gp120 trimers (DeltaV123/PF2
84 llama single-domain VHH (camelid heavy-chain variable region derived from heavy-chain-only antibody)
86 ce exposure of amino-acid side-chains in the variable region directly from the antibody sequence.
91 or genes for the heavy chain and light chain variable region-encoding genes were determined by using
99 noglobulin heavy (IgH) and light (IgL) chain variable region exons from germline gene segments to gen
100 V, D, J segments (that can be assembled into variable region exons that encode bnAb precursors), have
101 in progenitor B (pro-B) cells assembles Igh variable region exons upstream of mu constant region (Cm
102 n sites: one present on the heavy chain (HC) variable region (Fab) and the other present on the conse
103 une-challenged chicken single-chain antibody variable-region fragment (scFv) libraries targeting the
106 showed previously that deletion of the three variable regions from the E2 receptor-binding domain (De
111 mined the role of immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region gene (IGHV) mutation status and genetic
114 tools for determining the complete set of Ig variable region gene segment alleles carried by an indiv
115 is required for assembly of antigen receptor variable region gene segments by V(D)J recombination.
122 eep repertoire sequencing of IgG heavy chain variable region genes (IgG-VH) in paired cerebrospinal f
123 o present mutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region genes (IGHVs), being the most frequently
124 olated used different heavy- and light-chain variable region genes and carried high levels of somatic
125 ibodies do not differ in their repertoire of variable region genes and in most of the molecular featu
126 ly that the Ig in FL is unusual, because the variable region genes carry sequence motifs for N-glycan
127 body discovery process, and the selected IgG variable region genes were successfully humanised and re
130 ed to anticipate its maneuvers, the antibody variable-region genes pursue the virus in futility.
131 acing 6 Mb of mouse Ig heavy and kappa light variable region germ-line gene segments with their human
132 this aim, we characterized the repertoire of variable region germline genes of lambda LC preferential
133 server predicts the structure of an antibody variable region given the amino-acid sequences of the re
134 Here, we investigated the effect of N-linked variable-region glycosylation for BCR interaction with c
135 ions shared with closely related species and variable regions harboring genes that are unique to F. g
137 present a new method that identifies highly variable regions (HVRs), and then maps each HVR to a com
138 s revealed that the mcr-1 was located on the Variable Region I of IncX4 plasmids in 11 E. coli isolat
139 ng IgG1- and IgG3-mediated phagocytosis with variable region-identical mAbs using mouse macrophages d
140 ated (M-CLL) immunoglobulin gene heavy-chain variable region (IGHV) displays different states of aner
142 s more evident in immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV)-mutated, CD38(-) or early Rai-sta
143 al abnormalities, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable-region (IGHV) gene mutation status, and zeta-as
144 e from a specific antibody gene, heavy-chain variable region IGHV1-69, after limited affinity maturat
145 lood and spleen revealed that immunoglobulin variable region (IgV) gene unmutated CLL derives from un
146 estigate the frequency of use of light-chain variable region (IGVL) genes among patients with systemi
147 N type III repeat (FNIII13), and one from FN variable region (IIICS), which when tethered to a surfac
148 avoid the vague alignments rooted in highly variable regions, improving remote homologue identificat
149 ff, although the ST and antigenic flaA short variable region in combination were stable over a number
151 previously characterised, common copy number variable regions in 6 independent cohorts (n = 24,237) u
152 ation allowed an analysis of the role of TCR variable regions in determining T cell lineage choice an
153 nt increase in the frequencies of SHM in Igh variable regions in Peyer's patch cells, and of double-s
154 even though the unstructured, thus generally variable regions in proteins are often flanked by very c
159 ntibody sequences for the entire heavy chain variable region, including framework, CDR1, and CDR2 mut
160 D-J gene combinations of the B-cell receptor variable region; increased frequency of variable regions
161 frequencies and spectra of mutations in the variable region, indicating that loss of Pol iota did no
163 ccumulation of somatic mutations in antibody variable regions is critical for antibody affinity matur
164 ove predicted human T-cell epitopes, and the variable regions joined to human constant regions to gen
165 chimeric antigen receptors with the antibody variable regions kill MUC1(+) target cells, express acti
167 he PSG1 structure is composed of a single Ig variable region-like N-terminal domain and three Ig cons
168 basic segment, but not the N- and C-terminal variable regions, masks the effect of this determinant.
169 ination score and immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region mutation status were independent markers
170 ination score and immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region mutation status were independent prognos
171 ognostic markers (immunoglobulin heavy chain variable-region mutation status, CD38 or ZAP-70 cytogene
172 nd OS showed that immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region mutational status was significant for bo
173 independently of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region mutational status, CD38, and ZAP-70 expr
175 t the strategic placement of a glycan in the variable region of a monoclonal antibody can substantial
176 ug composed of a single-chain version of the variable region of an anti-alphaIIbbeta3 mAb fused to a
177 ship among chlamydial strains is linked to a variable region of chlamydial genomes, termed the plasti
178 s into exons that encode the antigen-binding variable region of Ig heavy (H) and light (L) chains.
181 ere designed for the nested run to amplify a variable region of the 23S-5S intergenic spacer (IGS) of
183 uly tumor-specific cell-surface product, the variable region of the B-cell receptor (BCR), otherwise
185 X encodes a glycosyltransferase located in a variable region of the enterococcal polysaccharide antig
186 e somatic hypermutation (SHM) pattern of the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy gene (IgH-VH
187 attachment to the conserved portions of the variable region of the kappa and lambda light chains.
190 Point mutations were introduced into the variable region of the murine mAb to remove predicted hu
192 luded high-throughput sequencing of the CDR3 variable region of the T cell receptor beta-chain and an
193 ition activity in planta, and the C-terminal variable region of VgrG2 governs this specificity for Td
194 irst time, that every Leu/Ile residue in the variable regions of a monoclonal antibody that could not
196 re single-domain antibodies derived from the variable regions of Camelidae atypical immunoglobulins.
198 d heteroduplex tracking assays targeting the variable regions of env and single-genome amplification
199 r and immunity proteins are contained in two variable regions of GA3 loci, GA3 T6SSs of the species B
203 y selected from a naive library derived from variable regions of llama heavy chain-only antibodies, a
204 all level of selective constraint within the variable regions of mammalian proteins allows the metabo
205 polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplified variable regions of mouse immunoglobulin genes using a s
206 umvented the lack of antibodies specific for variable regions of mouse TCRalpha chains and the need f
207 reflect accurate genetic distances in highly variable regions of rRNA genes than do traditional multi
208 ddition, we have cloned and expressed the Ig variable regions of several L chain-included B cells in
211 within Env, we introduced fluorophores into variable regions of the glycoprotein gp120 subunit and m
212 eliciting immunodominant responses targeting variable regions of the HIV proteome are hurdles in the
213 rse antibody repertoire against constant and variable regions of the therapeutic antibody immunogen.
216 ion process, and by the introduction, in BCR variable regions, of N-glycosylation acceptor sites harb
219 A new picture emerges of the central V (variable) region, predicted to contain a carbohydrate-bi
220 sequencing of an immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region repertoire before vaccination revealed a
222 The use of complex disulfide bonds within variable regions required for receptor binding is found
223 nserved bocaparvovirus-specific features and variable regions resulting in unique surface topologies
224 olymorphisms (SNPs) immediately flanking its variable region (rs25531 and rs25532), the intron 2 VNTR
225 ur different human single chain Fragments of variable regions (scFv) were tested, three of which show
226 to make mice that more efficiently use human variable region segments in their humoral responses by p
227 em for analyzing vast amounts of heavy chain variable region sequences and exploring the resulting da
228 Analysis of 1833 B cell receptor heavy chain variable region sequences demonstrated that antigen-expe
229 significantly higher antibody titers to tprK variable region sequences found in the inoculum compared
231 y coexpressing paired heavy- and light-chain variable region sequences of 51 plasma cell clones and 2
232 showed that these antibodies have different variable region sequences, suggesting that the individua
234 IgH) class switch recombination (CSR) and Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) in B lymphoc
235 pathogens and toxins through the coupling of variable region specificity to Fc-triggered cellular act
236 se two vaccine-elicited mAbs and the topside variable region spike cap, whereas the bNAbs duck under
242 re, but achieve functional diversity through variable regions that determine how the catalytic core i
243 provide protection exclusively through their variable region; the contributions of mechanisms conferr
244 ell receptors (TCRs) can use the same set of variable regions to bind both proteins, we have presente
245 bilized gp120 core (0G) deleted of its major variable regions to preferentially expose the conformati
246 actions between targeted switch (S) regions, variable region transcription before somatic hypermutati
248 igen-specific chimeric human IgE (with mouse variable regions) upon the immunization with ovalbumin a
249 a chains and the need for prior knowledge of variable region usage in the TCRbeta chain, resulting in
250 or generating fully human mAbs from nonhuman variable regions using information from the human germli
251 of the Igh locus works at long distances on variable region (V(H)) and switch region (I) region prom
252 ere, we review known interactions at the Igh variable region (V(H)) promoters and present our perspec
253 tibody is domain exchange of the heavy-chain variable region (V(H)) with the V(H) of the adjacent Fab
255 and bioinformatic analysis to mine antibody variable region (V)-gene repertoires from bone marrow pl
256 tify large numbers of heavy- and light-chain variable regions (V(H) and V(L)) in a given B-cell reper
257 n this study, amino acid sequences of 27 cAb variable regions (V(H)H) were aligned with the respectiv
259 Furthermore, our results indicate that Env variable regions V1, V2, V3, and V5 do not represent a m
260 olated, and PCR amplicons from 16S rRNA gene variable regions V1-V3 and V3-V5 from these fractions we
261 n tolerate a high degree of mutation in five variable regions (V1-V5), and also at N-linked glycosyla
262 he region consisting of the first and second variable regions (V1V2) of gp120 plays vital roles in th
263 esence of antibodies to the first and second variable regions (V1V2) of gp120 was associated with the
264 hat the presence of antibodies to the second variable region (V2) of HIV-1 gp120 was responsible for
268 idging sheet and the base of the third major variable region (V3), which are elements of the CoRbs.
271 he T cell antigen receptor (TCR) alpha-chain variable region (Valpha) and beta-chain variable region
272 n 3 (CDR3) regions containing the beta-chain variable region (Vbeta) demonstrated a more diverse repe
273 irrespective of the member of the beta-chain variable region (Vbeta) family present in the TCR or the
275 ell clone expansion involved the heavy chain variable region (Vh) 5 and Vh7 B-cell receptor families
277 sequenced the paired heavy- and light-chain variable regions (VH and VL, respectively) from large po
278 equencing of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain variable regions (VH) from CSF and subsorted peripheral
279 osition 41, a non-CDR residue in heavy chain variable regions (VH), is important for humanization of
280 Most of these antibodies use the heavy-chain variable region VH1-69 gene, and structural data demonst
282 the present study, we developed GPI-anchored variable regions (VHHs) of two heavy chain-only antibodi
284 n scissile bond specificity, we identified 3 variable regions (VR1, -2, and -3) in the ADAMTS family
287 t the major ADK8 epitope is formed by an AAV variable region, VRVIII (amino acids 586 to 591 [AAV8 VP
289 lysines, serines, and threonines in the NS-1 variable region was necessary to significantly reduce ub
290 Somatic mutations within the immunoglobulin variable region were almost exclusively presented by MHC
291 the PCR results, 20 amplicons of the cagA 3' variable region were sequenced, and analyzed in silico,
294 ibodies directed against the gp120 V2 and V3 variable regions were isolated from the immunized monkey
297 ptor variable region; increased frequency of variable regions with higher content of positively charg
300 by segmental recombination between discrete variable regions within mgpB and mgpC and multiple archi
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