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1 GM-CSF, and IL-4 as well as the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide.
2 rtion of the OFQ-IR neurons was positive for vasoactive intestinal peptide.
3 hat bound both PACAP and the related peptide vasoactive intestinal peptide.
4 tistatin and calretinin, cholecystokinin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide.
5 dibutyryl cAMP, cholera toxin, forskolin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide.
6 reted by astroglial cells in the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide.
7 id delivery and other issues associated with vasoactive intestinal peptide.
8 ncrease cAMP levels, including forskolin and vasoactive intestinal peptide.
9 l peptide antagonist [4-Chloro-D-Phe6, Leu17]vasoactive intestinal peptide.
10 de-2, gastric-inhibitory peptide, and prepro-vasoactive intestinal peptide.
11 MP-generating agonists such as forskolin and vasoactive intestinal peptide.
12 hrine (10 microm each) were ineffective, but vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 microm) and forskolin (
13 hereby these responses may be downregulated: vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 microM) elevates cyclic
15 the hypersecretion of insulin (5 patients), vasoactive intestinal peptide (5 patients), gastrin (2 p
16 are predominantly noncholinergic and contain vasoactive intestinal peptide, a marker of secretomotor
18 and duodenal acidity, and overexpressed the vasoactive intestinal peptide-a myorelaxant factor for t
19 n with cholecystokinin (CCK), carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide all induced Rap1 activatio
22 hPAC1-R(S) selectivity for PACAP versus the vasoactive intestinal peptide and also differentiate PAC
23 we found that two Gs-coupled receptors (the vasoactive intestinal peptide and beta-adrenergic recept
27 hate and Na nitroprusside), or both kinases (vasoactive intestinal peptide and isoproterenol >1 micro
31 uced in these neurons after axotomy, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cy
34 etion triggered by SubP was synergistic with vasoactive intestinal peptide and/or forskolin but not w
35 (cAMP) production induced by isoproterenol, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and forskolin were also s
36 rosine kinase, endothelial progenitor cells, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and miRNA in PAH therapeu
38 by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and the vasoactive intestinal peptide antagonist [4-Chloro-D-Phe
39 Muscarinic M2 receptors, nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide are inhibitory and regulat
40 ls did not colocalize with those against the vasoactive intestinal peptide-associated protein PHM27.
43 reverse transcription-PCR and (125)I-labeled vasoactive intestinal peptide binding, both IK-1 and IK-
44 nsmembrane receptors that includes secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin, and corticotr
45 n mCry1 expression and its interactions with vasoactive intestinal peptide, cAMP, and PER at the hear
46 beta-subunit of cholera toxin, a marker for vasoactive intestinal peptide-containing secretomotor ne
48 g, and stimulation of transcription from the vasoactive intestinal peptide cytokine-responsive elemen
51 as elevated, and the dose-response curve for vasoactive intestinal peptide-elicited cAMP accumulation
53 n (SS), neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide exhibited clearly detectab
54 rents activates muscarinic receptors on both vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP) and parva
61 ed controls is correlated with the number of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing SCN neurons.
62 equired to stimulate depolarization, whereas vasoactive intestinal peptide failed to evoke any respon
63 ing polypeptide (PACAP), a new member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide family expressed in embryo
64 COS-7 cells and increased ability to induce vasoactive intestinal peptide gene expression in IMR-32
66 To date, two peptides, cholecystokinin and vasoactive intestinal peptide, have been localized to su
67 ns of adoptively transferred N-alpha-syn and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunocytes or natural Tre
68 emistry revealed colocalization of sst2A and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunoreactivities in ente
69 noreactive for parvalbumin, somatostatin, or vasoactive intestinal peptide) in layer 2/3 of mouse vis
70 ted agonist (isoproterenol (isoprenaline) or vasoactive intestinal peptide) in the presence of HCO3-
72 in a approximately 1.8-fold increase in the vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced activation of aden
74 tide-ir (CGRP-ir) were virtually absent, but vasoactive intestinal peptide-ir (VIP-ir) nerves were pr
75 that of arginine-vasopressin-IR (AVP-IR) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-IR (VIP-IR), but not with
76 F-IR neurons in submucosal ganglia expressed vasoactive intestinal peptide-IR and were likely to be s
77 otor neurons, and that both nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal peptide may mediate the inhibitory
78 cal trials, this antiproliferative action of vasoactive intestinal peptide may offer a new and promis
79 nt of the core clock gene period, as well as vasoactive intestinal peptide, melatonin, and the cAMP/M
80 tric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2 metabolites and vasoactive intestinal peptide, might modulate neurovascu
81 a cells as LIF and CNTF, including increased vasoactive intestinal peptide mRNA, STAT3 dimerization,
82 gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P, or vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptides known to be
83 ides neurotensin, somatostatin, motilin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide occur largely in the stoma
84 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP, and vasoactive intestinal peptide on amylase release by 60%
85 d by gp120 was prevented by cotreatment with vasoactive intestinal peptide or activity-dependent neur
86 glands fail to secrete mucus in response to vasoactive intestinal peptide or forskolin; the failure
88 rtion of neurons that expressed substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide or nitric oxide synthase a
91 ast, interneurons containing neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide, or the 5-hydroxytryptamin
92 decrease in neuronal nitric oxide synthase, vasoactive intestinal peptide, PACAP, and tyrosine hydro
93 neuron-specific enolase, gastrin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, pancreatic polypeptide, a
94 ced increased expression of cholecystokinin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, peptide YY, and somatosta
95 tonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide peptidergic fibers, at two
96 such as MiaPaCa-2 that are negative for the vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclas
99 n-positive, somatostatin-positive (SST+), or vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive (VIP+) neurons, t
100 uted preferentially to surround suppression, vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive interneurons were
101 s primarily signaled motor action (licking), vasoactive intestinal peptide-positive neurons responded
102 nregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 2, vasoactive intestinal peptide, preopro-urotensin II-rela
103 r with three multiple response elements, the vasoactive intestinal peptide promoter and a cAMP respon
105 ranscriptional repressor sequence of the rat vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VIPR) gene const
106 ografts were analyzed for expression of NTR, vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VIPR), substance
107 yndrome, exonic duplications in the gene for vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), and ex
108 hat, upon agonist stimulation, a GPCR called vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VPAC2) is shed
110 olase, agonists of natriuretic peptide A and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2, and a novel mi
113 aneous nerves and mRNA, for the VIP receptor vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 1, and vasoa
114 tive intestinal peptide receptor type 1, and vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 2 have been
115 tegration of stimulatory (Galpha(s)-mediated vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor) and inhibitory (
116 novel peptide with structural similarity to vasoactive intestinal peptide, regulates production of e
120 cotropin-releasing hormone, neurotensin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide; small molecules include a
121 in number than either the cholecystokinin or vasoactive intestinal peptide subsets, overlapped 100% w
122 tters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and histamine
123 9.5, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and tyrosine
124 based on the tryptase-mediated hydrolysis of vasoactive intestinal peptide that was modified to inclu
126 stem cells, we found that costimulation with vasoactive intestinal peptide (V) and phorbol ester (P)
127 onal relationship between cfos expression in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) -containing neurons
128 ylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) activate two shared
132 ence experiments revealed that antibodies to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and calbindin-D28K (
133 used to determine the role of G proteins in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and carbachol-stimul
136 e in response to inhibitory neurotransmitter vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and direct electrica
137 spectum, are approximately 50% homologous to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and glucagon-like pe
138 opic double labeling immunocytochemistry for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and gonadotrophin-re
139 diated by the primary coupling neuropeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its canonical re
143 (SCG) dramatically increase their content of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its mRNA after a
145 HMG) cells were examined for the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and muscarinic acety
153 We reported recently that the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenyl
155 activity in the visual cortex contains both vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SS
156 o known immunosuppressive neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
159 e of two immunomodulatory neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
160 two structurally related neuropeptides, the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary ad
165 /c mice were injected intraperitoneally with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) antagonist and simil
167 e cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are implicated in th
169 e cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are related neuropep
171 is study represents an initial evaluation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as a possible regula
172 concentration efficiency for the target drug vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as conventional part
173 s from our laboratory have demonstrated that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) directly converts th
176 In contrast a peptide related to PACAP, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) failed to induce CRE
177 ylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family of peptides m
178 l with muscarinic agonists, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) functioning as effec
180 induction of expression of the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene is mediated by
181 ceptor subunit activate transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180 b
182 (TGF-beta) both induce transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180-b
183 (CNTF) potently induces transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180-b
194 a representative type of non-opioid peptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the amygdala to m
195 small proline-rich protein 1a (sprr1a), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) in the trigeminal ga
200 ubpopulations containing parvalbumin (PV) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) innervate distinct p
201 One solution to this problem could be the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) interneurons, which
217 R IR occurs exclusively in 50% of submucosal vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons (interneuron
218 ed by sound, while visual responses of L2/L3 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons were suppres
219 n interneurons expressing Cre recombinase in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or parvalbumin (PV)
220 synthase (NOS), serotonin, substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or vesicular acetylc
223 hormone (GHRH) can potentially interact with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors (VPAC(1)-R
225 tested the hypothesis that the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) regulates adhesion m
227 cell line NBFL increased CNTF induction of a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) reporter gene, and i
229 ntaining choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) share characteristic
230 ng parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) show cell-type-speci
232 cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) suppress Langerhans
237 mpartment where the 5-HT4 agonist was added; vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was released only in
239 s calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were potent but less
240 rpose of this study was to determine whether vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a 28-amino acid neu
248 .5 (PGP 9.5), a general neuronal marker, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a sudomotor nerve f
249 cocultured with different concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), adult rat RPE cells
250 T2) to model HCMV reactivation, we show that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an immunomodulatory
251 sion of the anti-inflammatory neuropeptides, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and pituitary adeny
252 G) dramatically increases levels of galanin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and substance P and
253 against protein gene product (PGP)-9.5, SP, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydrox
254 opulations, expressing somatostatin (SOM) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), are active as popul
255 es (Abs) to an autoantigen, the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), by a covalently rea
256 ons processed for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-rel
257 neuronal markers including parvalbumin (PV), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calretinin, calbind
258 than 90% of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), calretinin, or neur
259 d by silver-gold enhancement of staining for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), cholecystokinin (CC
261 t their regulation by neuropeptides, such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), during Pseudomonas
263 iety of transmitters including nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin-releasing p
264 essing parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), or neuropeptide Y.
265 of neuropeptides of the family that includes vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine i
266 d by microinjection of a cocktail containing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine i
267 measure the neuropeptides substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate
269 ntal Cell, Nedvetsky et al. (2014) find that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secreted by parasym
270 al that locomotion increases the activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin (SST)
272 ne-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), tyrosine hydroxylas
273 ctionally important neuropeptides, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), which drives light
274 uble-label immunocytochemistry revealed that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing cells, bu
275 owever, targeting of somatostatin (SOM)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing INs led t
276 tional ErbB4 deletion, we tested the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing interneur
277 to light induces a gene program in cortical vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons t
278 cuit inhibition and a subsequent increase in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-mediated disinhibiti
280 g animals revealed that locomotion activates vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-positive neurons in
281 sitive and calretinin (Cr)-positive (but not vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-positive) interneuro
282 inding of (125)I-JV-1-42 is not inhibited by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-related peptides sha
294 -Rs) with the selective agonist maxadilan or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/PACAP (VPAC) recepto
297 of parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide were decreased in hypoxic-
298 mmunohistochemistry demonstrated that TH and vasoactive intestinal peptide were detectable at P14 and
299 ioactive peptides, angiotensins I and II and vasoactive intestinal peptide, were also hydrolyzed rapi
300 for vesicular acetylcholine transporter and vasoactive intestinal peptide when they reached the ster
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