ライフサイエンスコーパス: vegetal

1 and 27 (15 annotated) enriched mRNAs at the vegetal and animal pole, respectively.

2 hromes are flavoproteins encountered in most vegetal and animal species.

3 ortance of the ratio of maternally regulated vegetal and animal transcription factor activities in in

4 prdm1 morphant embryos have enlarged animal-vegetal and anteroposterior embryonic axes.

5 doderm- and mesoderm-inducing signals to the vegetal and marginal zones of the pre-gastrula Xenopus l

6 during oogenesis ensures its inheritance by vegetal and not animal cells, and directs the differenti

7 t regulates cell fates along both the animal-vegetal and oral-aboral axes of sea urchin embryos.

8 ized orthogonally with respect to the animal/vegetal and oral/aboral axes of the embryo.

9 ost alkyl substituted pyrazines include mild vegetal aromas, not necessarily undesirable for the cork

10 The primary (animal-vegetal) (AV) and secondary (oral-aboral) (OA) axes of s

11 is now evident that patterning in the animal/vegetal axis also needs to be taken into consideration.

12 patterning the mesendoderm along the animal-vegetal axis and indicate that dorsal and ventrolateral

13 mbryo, including establishment of the animal-vegetal axis as it relates to formation of the dorsovent

14 l cell divisions that occur along the animal/vegetal axis beginning early in embryogenesis, but not a

15 avage planes do not coincide with the animal-vegetal axis but rather form approximately 45 degrees of

16 the embryo and away from the initial animal-vegetal axis defined by the starting location of the bla

17 t in beta-catenin stability along the animal-vegetal axis during early cleavage.

18 asymmetries are established along the animal-vegetal axis during oogenesis, but the underlying molecu

19 tral axis of the mesendoderm with the animal/vegetal axis in pregastrula Xenopus.

20 s pathway also acts in patterning the animal-vegetal axis in sea urchins.

21 AP axis is distinct from the initial animal-vegetal axis in zebrafish.

22 patterning because they subdivide the animal-vegetal axis into tiers of cells with different developm

23 In vertebrates, the animal-vegetal axis is determined during oogenesis and at ovula

24 e animal kingdom establish a primary, animal-vegetal axis maternally, and specify the remaining two a

25 s must be tightly regulated along the animal-vegetal axis of the early sea urchin embryo to allow bet

26 This site marks the animal-vegetal axis of the egg.

27 ssues preferentially divide along the animal-vegetal axis of the embryo.

28 Thus the animal-vegetal axis of the oocyte is aligned to the nuclear axi

29 ectoderm-endoderm boundary along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo remain largely unk

30 ow cell fates are specified along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo.

31 of the cleavage-stage embryo and the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote.

32 ell stage, and by implication, to the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote.

33 nced by its origin in relation to the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote.

34 and migrate longitudinally along the animal-vegetal axis only.

35 of developmental potential along the animal-vegetal axis prior to the 8-cell stage.

36 The timing of animal-vegetal axis specification in Lottia is much later than

37 of polar body formation sets up a new animal-vegetal axis that organizes cleavage and the segregation

38 pendent processes operating along the animal-vegetal axis, as evidenced by an expansion of SpNK2.1 ex

39 n of 2- to 4-cell divisions along the animal-vegetal axis, can affect the second step, the establishm

40 is established at right angles to the animal-vegetal axis, in contrast to hemichordates and indirect-

41 derm boundary more animally along the animal-vegetal axis, whereas expression of a dominant negative

42 PK) activation is polarized along the animal/vegetal axis, with the Xnr2-expressing cells in the vege

43 iers of blastomeres arrayed along the animal-vegetal axis.

44 pically oblique plane relative to the animal-vegetal axis.

45 nitial specification events along the animal-vegetal axis.

46 g the eggs 90 degrees relative to the animal-vegetal axis.

47 s made evident by the expression of Sox17 in vegetal blastomeres and Brachyury (Xbra) in marginal bla

48 n, beta-catenin accumulates in the nuclei of vegetal blastomeres and controls endomesoderm specificat

49 Canonical Wnt signaling in vegetal blastomeres and Nodal signaling in presumptive o

50 ipped orthologue expressed very early in all vegetal blastomeres and then gradually shifting to veg(1

51 ion of endogenous VegT and/or Vg1 in ventral vegetal blastomeres can induce a neural fate, but only a

52 t to contribute cells to the retina; ventral vegetal blastomeres do not form retina even when provide

53 The mesendoderm (ME) cells are the two most vegetal blastomeres in the early developing embryo of th

54 lium that undergoes epiboly and in the large vegetal blastomeres that gradually become internalized.

55 ntal defects of chimaeras made from the most vegetal blastomeres that result from later second cleava

56 e, Dsh-GFP is partitioned predominantly into vegetal blastomeres.

57 enotype characterized by cleavage defects in vegetal blastomeres.

58 oderm and mesenchyme, which are derived from vegetal blastomeres.

59 gion of endoderm-specific gene expression in vegetal blastomeres.

60 lpha is an immediate-early target of VegT in vegetal blastomeres.

61 1, is dependent upon the unequal division of vegetal blastomeres.

62 elta is regulated by the unequal division of vegetal blastomeres.

63 punctate structures within the cytoplasm of vegetal blastomeres.

64 chronously with, the vegetal rotation of the vegetal cell mass.

65 his factor suppresses differentiation of all vegetal cell types, a phenotype that is very similar to

66 the region of xCR1 mRNA sufficient to confer vegetal cell-specific repression contained both Pumilio

67 Here, we show that vegetal cell-specific translational repression of xCR1 m

68 In this work, we show that VegT-depleted vegetal cells (prospective endoderm) behave like animal

69 red for the stabilization of beta-catenin in vegetal cells and provide evidence that Dsh undergoes a

70 the endogenous mesoderm inducing activity of vegetal cells before gastrulation; and third, it has sub

71 cient to impair sorting of animal cells from vegetal cells but is not sufficient (at similar doses) t

72 al cells, and directs the differentiation of vegetal cells into endoderm.

73 ns cell non-autonomously in the ventral-most vegetal cells of the gastrula or their derivatives.

74 iption factor, is expressed in the yolk-rich vegetal cells of Xenopus embryos from the early gastrula

75 Functional assays of Mixer-depleted vegetal cells showed that they have increased mesoderm-i

76 These are inherited by the vegetal cells that will enter the germ line.

77 In whole embryos, Xlim5 causes vegetal cells to segregate inappropriately to other germ

78 be the mesoderm-inducing signal released by vegetal cells, but its function in vivo has never been r

79 herited as a maternal mRNA localized only in vegetal cells, VegT activates the transcription of a lar

80 s, Vg1 and Bicaudal-C, are also inherited by vegetal cells, while germ plasm-associated mRNAs, such a

81 ling the amount of mesoderm induction by the vegetal cells.

82 e reporter mRNA by repressing translation in vegetal cells.

83 d with polyribosomes in animal cells but not vegetal cells.

84 We propose that a meiotic-vegetal center couples meiosis and oocyte patterning.

85 o obvious polarization yet, then the meiotic-vegetal center forms at zygotene bouquet stages, when sy

86 mRNA caused the release of Vg1 mRNA from the vegetal cortex and a reduction of Vg1 protein, without a

87 ther is not clear, but RNAs localized to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis are known to be essentia

88 or the selective localization of RNAs to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis.

89 required for localization of Vg1 mRNA to the vegetal cortex during the late RNA localization pathway.

90 Both RNAs localize to the vegetal cortex during the same period of oogenesis.

91 RNAs that localize to the vegetal cortex during Xenopus laevis oogenesis have been

92 Xenopus depends on rearrangements of the egg vegetal cortex following fertilization, concomitant with

93 Dnd1 anchors trim36 to the vegetal cortex in the egg, promoting high concentrations

94 directing polarized transport of RNA to the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes.

95 Since the anchoring of Vg1 mRNA to the vegetal cortex is actin dependent, one function of Prrp

96 he mechanism of mRNA anchoring to the oocyte vegetal cortex is not understood.

97 Thus, RNA localization to the vegetal cortex may be a regulated process such that diff

98 otrimeric kinesin II becomes enriched at the vegetal cortex of stage III/IV Xenopus oocytes concomita

99 Prrp and Vg1 mRNAs are co-localized to the vegetal cortex of stage IV oocytes, substantiating an in

100 P-tagged Dsh is targeted specifically to the vegetal cortex of the fertilized egg.

101 The localization of VegT mRNA to the vegetal cortex of the oocyte during oogenesis ensures it

102 es mRNA and protein are both detected at the vegetal cortex of the oocyte; however, the protein is de

103 on in the anchoring of localized RNAs at the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes.

104 nd noncoding RNAs in the organization of the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

105 LEs) of virtually all mRNAs localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

106 Vg1 mRNA determines its localization to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

107 s a unique microtubule network formed in the vegetal cortex shortly after fertilization.

108 The RNA localizes to the vegetal cortex through both the message transport organi

109 crotubule-dependent transport of RNAs to the vegetal cortex underlies germ layer patterning.

110 us laevis, several RNAs that localize to the vegetal cortex via one of three temporally defined pathw

111 Vg1 mRNA, VgRBP71 does not accumulate at the vegetal cortex with the mRNA; rather, it is present in t

112 dependent on VegT mRNA for anchoring to the vegetal cortex, indicating a novel function for maternal

113 lation of microtubules with plus ends at the vegetal cortex, supporting roles for these kinesin motor

114 lusively counterclockwise direction past the vegetal cortex.

115 lasm originates, and in later oocytes to the vegetal cortex.

116 t of specific RNA complexes destined for the vegetal cortex.

117 Xenopus oocytes until it is localized to the vegetal cortex.

118 unidirectional transport of RNA towards the vegetal cortex.

119 Dsh) that identifies motifs required for its vegetal cortical localization (VCL).

120 ecular mechanisms governing the formation of vegetal cortical microtubule arrays are not fully unders

121 getally localized maternal RNA essential for vegetal cortical microtubule assembly.

122 pecifically interferes with the formation of vegetal cortical microtubules.

123 regions of the protein that are required for vegetal cortical targeting, including a phospholipid-bin

124 certified sulphur concentrations of various vegetal CRM samples applying linear calibration techniqu

125 iVegTR maternal RNAs become localized to the vegetal cytoplasm of fertilized eggs and are incorporate

126 enopus oocyte, Vg1 RNA is transported to the vegetal cytoplasm, where localized expression of the enc

127 pression at blastula can be activated by the vegetal determinants VegT and Vg1 acting in synergy with

128 ty that SpSoxB1 removal is required to allow vegetal development to proceed.

129 ion and that its overexpression can suppress vegetal development.

130 unique opportunity to study mid-Pleistocene vegetal diet and is crucial for understanding subsistenc

131 est that RNA movement in both the animal and vegetal directions may influence the timescale of RNA lo

132 opose that SpKrl functions in patterning the vegetal domain by suppressing animal regulatory activiti

133 Continued Wnt signaling expands the vegetal domain of beta-catenin's transcriptional regulat

134 ession that sweeps concentrically across the vegetal domain of the sea urchin embryo.

135 iptors of Malbec wines were aromas of cooked vegetal, earthy, soy and volatile acidity, as well as ac

136 ng of cell fates along the sea urchin animal-vegetal embryonic axis requires the opposing functions o

137 onse to Nodal signals, thus establishing the vegetal endodermal gene expression domain.

138 d the role of Sox17alpha in establishing the vegetal endodermal gene expression domain.

139 In this study, we show that the vegetal endomesoderm expresses lvnumb during the blastul

140 we provide three lines of evidence that two vegetal-enriched maternal factors (VegT, Vg1), which are

141 ryos, pigmented immunocytes are specified in vegetal epithelium, transition to mesenchyme, migrate, a

142 that the formation of mesoderm cells by the vegetal explants accounts for the apparent autonomous de

143 Previous results with vegetal explants had shown that endodermal differentiati

144 We find that vegetal explants, the source of Nieuwkoop signal in reco

145 Vegetal expression remains around the anus through plute

146 al feedback, and in addition acts to repress vegetal expression.

147 entifying candidates for active compounds in vegetal extracts.

148 Whole embryo experiments suggests that vegetal factors partially compensate for the absence of

149 endent suppression of commitment of cells to vegetal fates and ectoderm differentiates almost exclusi

150 lear beta-catenin initiates specification of vegetal fates in sea urchin embryos.

151 Suppression of vegetal fates involves interference at the protein-prote

152 uphorbia resin, and possibly egg, wrapped in vegetal fibers, dated to approximately 40,000 BP, may ha

153 We reconstruct the major vegetal foodstuffs, while considering the possibility of

154 Smad1/5 linker region localizes to a ventral vegetal gastrula region that could coordinate DV pattern

155 gene is expressed maternally in an animal to vegetal gradient, and its expression levels decline rapi

156 he animal caps reprogrammed and replaced the vegetal half endomesoderm.

157 d promoter is uniformly activated across the vegetal half of midgastrula-stage embryos.

158 mesoderm tissue specification process in the vegetal half of the early sea urchin embryo using Boolea

159 plasm, initially distributed throughout the vegetal half of the egg cortex, move to the vegetal pole

160 aternally and localized predominantly to the vegetal half of the egg.

161 ge-scale movement that encompasses the whole vegetal half of the embryo.

162 activity is uniformly distributed across the vegetal half of the Xenopus blastula and that this activ

163 al differentiation, while the ability of the vegetal half to regulate by forming apical lobe structur

164 If the entire vegetal half was removed at early gastrula, the animal c

165 ulation only after extended contact with the vegetal halves prior to that time.

166 cence in Xenopus oocytes was stronger in the vegetal hemisphere because of localization of internal s

167 ransplantation studies show that much of the vegetal hemisphere is competent to receive the induction

168 inductive interaction in which cells of the vegetal hemisphere of the embryo act on overlying equato

169 RNA localized to the mitochondrial cloud and vegetal hemisphere of the oocyte; second, it is required

170 meobox-containing genes are expressed in the vegetal hemisphere of the Xenopus embryo at the early ga

171 vity of a network of regulatory genes in the vegetal hemisphere, called the endomesoderm gene regulat

172 el manner to restrict Xnr5 expression to the vegetal hemisphere.

173 e 2.5C4-positive fibers are distributed in a vegetal (high) to animal (low) gradient on the basal sur

174 dorsal-to-ventral progression from animal-to-vegetal in the marginal zone.

175 case of the equal-cleaving molluscs, animal-vegetal inductive interactions between the derivatives o

176 aying a role in the development of posterior/vegetal larval fates (i.e., endoderm) in C. lacteus.

177 rates the oral from aboral ectoderm; (3) the vegetal lateral CB, which bilaterally serves as signalin

178 Through the use of vegetal lectins, we managed to take advantage of the mar

179 ene that, due to its maternal expression and vegetal localization in Xenopus, has received close exam

180 t block this remodeling event also eliminate vegetal localization of the RNA, suggesting that RNP rem

181 mitted to endoderm through the action of the vegetal localized maternal transcription factor VegT.

182 Vegetal LvBrac expression depends on autonomous beta-cat

183 We further demonstrate that vegetal LvNotch signaling controls the localization of n

184 between the progeny of animal micromeres and vegetal macromeres are established during the interval b

185 ives of the first quartet micromeres and the vegetal macromeres specify which macromere becomes the 3

186 axis, with the Xnr2-expressing cells in the vegetal marginal zone having no detectable activated MAP

187 in totipotent while surrounding cells in the vegetal mass become committed to endoderm through the ac

188 ause the release of a dorsal signal from the vegetal mass independent from the VegT pathway.

189 s signaling ligands that induce cells in the vegetal mass to form endoderm, and the marginal zone to

190 getal masses by induction from an uninjected vegetal mass.

191 ntrolled, in turn, by Vg1 signaling from the vegetal mass.

192 ndodermal genes was rescued in VegT-depleted vegetal masses by induction from an uninjected vegetal m

193 en developed for multi-elemental analysis of vegetal materials.

194 In the current study, we determined that the vegetal maternal dorsal determinant in fish is not the W

195 ur-cell stage blastomeres that inherits some vegetal membrane marked in the previous cleavage cycle t

196 ignaling through the Notch receptor from the vegetal micromere lineages diverts adjacent mesendoderm

197 , Mkif5Ba promotes formation of the parallel vegetal microtubule array required to asymmetrically pos

198 We further find that vegetal microtubule polymerization and cortical rotation

199 d became localized to the nuclei of the four vegetal-most cells at the 64-cell stage, which give rise

200 rms that Notch functions sequentially in the vegetal-most secondary mesenchyme cells and later in the

201 ky ball the Balbiani body fails to form, and vegetal mRNAs are not localized in oocytes.

202 f both dorsal and ventral mesoderm in animal-vegetal Nieuwkoop-type recombinants.

203 lization and localization of beta-catenin to vegetal nuclei during cleavage stages.

204 whereas 1-octen-3-one and one unknown spicy-vegetal odorant were highly correlated to the maturation

205 rmulation are powdered milk, peanuts butter, vegetal oil, sugar, and a mix of vitamins, salts, and mi

206 Animal-vegetal oocyte polarity is established by the Balbiani b

207 ssociated with mRNAs localized to either the vegetal or animal hemispheres, but was not found with co

208 lly serves as signaling centers; and (4) the vegetal oral CB, which delineates the boundary with the

209 lastomeres with the ability to function as a vegetal organizing center and to coordinate the developm

210 with the location of the centrosome meiotic-vegetal organizing center.

211 We have shown that an animal/vegetal pattern is apparent in the marginal zone by midg

212 ation during gastrulation and overall animal-vegetal patterning at earlier stages of anthozoan develo

213 OX3c-injected Xenopus embryos, normal animal-vegetal patterning of mesodermal and endodermal markers

214 xamined the possible dorsoventral and animal-vegetal patterning roles for Nodal signals by using muta

215 en a transplanted micromere is placed at the vegetal plate after removing all 4 host micromeres, the

216 elopment for the activation of endo16 in the vegetal plate and for the activation of spec2a in the ab

217 Brachyury expression in the vegetal plate is confined to the presumptive endodermal

218 eby for the conditional specification of the vegetal plate mesoderm.

219 h signaling as they sweep outward across the vegetal plate of the embryo.

220 vo transcripts, however, are enriched in the vegetal plate of the mesenchyme blastula stage and Sp-va

221 ing PMCs ingress into all 4 quadrants of the vegetal plate.

222 rect consequences of gross disruption of the vegetal plate.

223 tion of the central mesodermal domain of the vegetal plate; and they exclusively give rise to the ske

224 roperties of 1d all depend on inheritance of vegetal polar lobe cytoplasm by its mother cell D at sec

225 While animal-vegetal polarity is already present in the oocyte, the d

226 Establishment of this animal-vegetal polarity requires the Wnt pathway components Sil

227 thway, recruits endogenous kinesin II to the vegetal pole and colocalizes with it at the cortex.

228 nal blastomeres failed to migrate toward the vegetal pole and epiboly did not occur, a phenotype simi

229 were novel mRNAs over 4-fold enriched at the vegetal pole and six were over 10-fold enriched at the a

230 HNF3beta is widely expressed in the vegetal pole but, as previously suggested, is excluded f

231 region shift 90 degrees with respect to the vegetal pole during gastrulation.

232 art of an ancestral GRN governing echinoderm vegetal pole mesoderm development.

233 subset of the GRN connections in the central vegetal pole mesoderm of the late sea star blastula and

234 pe is rescued by axin mRNA injected into the vegetal pole of axin-depleted oocytes before fertilizati

235 component of Xenopus germ plasm found in the vegetal pole of oocytes and eggs.

236 Cdx2 mRNA is localized toward the vegetal pole of oocytes, reorients after fertilization,

237 the ring of specified mesoderm cells at the vegetal pole of the blastula.

238 Its restriction to the vegetal pole of the egg made it the ideal candidate to b

239 vegetal half of the egg cortex, move to the vegetal pole of the egg, fusing with each other as they

240 duced or arrested cell migration towards the vegetal pole of the embryo.

241 enesis a maternal factor is localized to the vegetal pole of the oocyte that is a determinant of dors

242 Primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) at the vegetal pole of the sea urchin embryo ingress into the f

243 Vg1 LE (VgLE) direct this transcript to the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes via the binding of a pro

244 e by the Na+/K+ pump was investigated in the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes.

245 hat factors colocalized with Vg1 mRNA at the vegetal pole relieve translational repression to allow e

246 al pole and the absence of micromeres at the vegetal pole results in the failure of macromere progeny

247 is to comprehensively interrogate animal and vegetal pole RNAs in the fully grown Xenopus laevis oocy

248 of sea urchin embryos four micromeres at the vegetal pole separate from four macromeres just above th

249 propose potential pathways operating at the vegetal pole that highlight where future investigations

250 dian, which runs from the animal pole to the vegetal pole through the center of Spemann's organizer,

251 eterminants, which are translocated from the vegetal pole to the future dorsal side of the embryo sho

252 ent of maternal dorsal determinants from the vegetal pole to the future dorsal side of the embryo, pr

253 ic mesoderm are co-expressed in the sea star vegetal pole, although this territory does not form a la

254 ong meridians running from the animal to the vegetal pole, both the formation of head structures and

255 s are selectively localized to the animal or vegetal pole, including determinants of somatic and germ

256 The Bb specifies the oocyte vegetal pole, which is key to forming the embryonic body

257 nimal pole is through its degradation at the vegetal pole.

258 while DV patterning aligns along the animal-vegetal pole.

259 h toward the animal pole and back toward the vegetal pole.

260 p1 is required for their localization to the vegetal pole.

261 a-catenin levels, to adopt the fate of their vegetal-pole sisters, which normally have high nuclear b

262 age blastomeres from which the animal or the vegetal poles have been removed can develop into normal

263 in beta-catenin half-life at the animal and vegetal poles of the early embryo is sufficient to produ

264 doderm formation more animally, while in the vegetal portion, LvNotch signaling also promotes the ect

265 distinct mechanisms within the animal versus vegetal portions of the embryo.

266 ow that Bmp signalling does occur within the vegetal prospective neural domain and that Bmp activity

267 find that Fgf activity is required to induce vegetal prospective neural markers and can do so without

268 etal region is the site of gastrulation; the vegetal region forms the ectoderm of the ventral and pos

269 rotein are localized to the Xenopus embryo's vegetal region from which the endoderm will arise and wh

270 lity to form apical lobe ectoderm, while the vegetal region has the ability to form a normal larva.

271 During embryogenesis, the vegetal region interacts with the animal region to suppr

272 todermal covering of the apical lobe and the vegetal region is the site of gastrulation; the vegetal

273 indicate that SOX7 mRNA is localized to the vegetal region of the blastula-stage embryo.

274 evidence that LvDsh is active locally in the vegetal region of the embryo but is inactive in animal b

275 that Dsh undergoes a local activation in the vegetal region of the embryo.

276 l blood islands and primitive blood from the vegetal region of the marginal zone in regularly cleavin

277 gest that endogenous maternal factors in the vegetal region repress the ability of blastomeres to for

278 o, and (2) a cell non-autonomous role in the vegetal region that regulates a signal(s) mediating ecto

279 c pathways activated by VegT in the embryo's vegetal region.

280 e localized oocyte markers are expanded into vegetal regions in bucky ball mutants, but patterning wi

281 analyzed participation of kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport and identified a direct role for X

282 Thus, vegetal RNA transport occurs through a multistep pathway

283 idirectional transport that are required for vegetal RNA transport.

284 supporting roles for these kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport.

285 Here we show that a different vegetal RNA, VegT, employs the same signal and factor.

286 nct from, but occurs synchronously with, the vegetal rotation of the vegetal cell mass.

287 sumptive endoderm is internalised as part of vegetal rotation, a large-scale movement that encompasse

288 In vegetal rotation, the process occurs in a multilayered c

289 certified reference materials and three real vegetal samples were employed for the quantitative deter

290 Dense clusters of ER developed on the vegetal side (the side opposite the meiotic spindle) dur

291 l embryo this protein suppresses the primary vegetal signaling mechanism that is required for specifi

292 onversely, SpKrl mRNA injection rescues some vegetal structures in beta-catenin-deficient embryos.

293 e zygote, is concentrated in both animal and vegetal teloplasm during stage 1 and is at higher levels

294 2/4, enhances differentiation of endoderm, a vegetal tissue, and promotes differentiation of cells ch

295 is known to be required for specification of vegetal tissues, because transcripts are undetectable in

296 rly cleavage stages, eomes is expressed in a vegetal to animal gradient in the embryo, whereas Eomeso

297 ractile ring of actin and myosin immediately vegetal to the blastoderm margin via Ca(2+) reduction or

298 We show that in vegetal (trunk and tail) regions of the zebrafish gastru

299 wed by oak barrel aging were caramelized and vegetal-wood.

300 g of the grapes were floral, caramelized and vegetal-wood.