ライフサイエンスコーパス: vegetative cell

1 .g., eukaryotic cells, membranes of Bacillus vegetative cells).

2 ns (virus, protein toxins, bacterial spores, vegetative cells).

3 to withstand stresses that typically kill a vegetative cell.

4 transcripts were also present in the larger vegetative cell.

5 a seed storage protein to the vacuoles of a vegetative cell.

6 ube, and two sperm cells enclosed within the vegetative cell.

7 wo haploid sperm cells enclosed in a haploid vegetative cell.

8 contains two sperm cells inside a supporting vegetative cell.

9 iately after fertilization and in the pollen vegetative cell.

10 c exchange reactions between heterocysts and vegetative cells.

11 REC8, was not subject to Scc3 regulation in vegetative cells.

12 with no differentiation into generative and vegetative cells.

13 he wild type the intervals were less than 25 vegetative cells.

14 e of the sso1 mutant and can replace SEC9 in vegetative cells.

15 important for initiation of DNA synthesis in vegetative cells.

16 wever, spores must germinate and grow out as vegetative cells.

17 tein secretion, growth, and the viability of vegetative cells.

18 terminal pores that connect heterocysts with vegetative cells.

19 when mice were inoculated intravenously with vegetative cells.

20 ient to induce somatic embryo development in vegetative cells.

21 parated by approximately 10 undifferentiated vegetative cells.

22 e vanadate transport genes were expressed in vegetative cells.

23 for the overall functions of the complex in vegetative cells.

24 t in Bacillus anthracis spores but absent in vegetative cells.

25 f Spo20p, will not support vesicle fusion in vegetative cells.

26 localizes with Taz1p to telomeres in normal vegetative cells.

27 PO14, also promotes the function of SPO20 in vegetative cells.

28 surface layer protein of Bacillus anthracis vegetative cells.

29 ghter cells have half the chromosomal DNA of vegetative cells.

30 ufficient to induce embryonic development in vegetative cells.

31 ly and supply the products of N2 fixation to vegetative cells.

32 n resistance mutations distinct from that of vegetative cells.

33 nfirmed a role for MMS4 in DNA metabolism of vegetative cells.

34 identified due to its sensitivity to MMS in vegetative cells.

35 isolated a new mutation of rpoB, H482R, from vegetative cells.

36 le heterocysts separated by approximately 10 vegetative cells.

37 , Nif2, functions under anoxic conditions in vegetative cells.

38 from the DNA damage checkpoints operating in vegetative cells.

39 translocation to flagella in gametes but not vegetative cells.

40 tes to maintenance of cell wall integrity in vegetative cells.

41 required for efficient activation of PLD in vegetative cells.

42 y, the N terminus of Spo20p is inhibitory in vegetative cells.

43 separate within minutes after duplication in vegetative cells.

44 g heterocysts separated by approximately ten vegetative cells.

45 suppressed the lethality of NDJ1-expressing vegetative cells.

46 ble during mating but rapidly turned over in vegetative cells.

47 ng heterocysts separated by approximately 10 vegetative cells.

48 iated with the membrane when overproduced in vegetative cells.

49 sF-dependent excision of the fdxN element in vegetative cells.

50 at of deamidation of total protein in heated vegetative cells.

51 y regulated proteins, especially enriched in vegetative cells.

52 and transfer the fixed nitrogen to adjacent vegetative cells.

53 transcript, inhibiting cum1(+) expression in vegetative cells.

54 tion of cum1(+) sense mRNA in copper-limited vegetative cells.

55 d by an antisense transcription mechanism in vegetative cells.

56 tent (late night) enriched in the nucleus in vegetative cells.

57 zed, producing aspartate and arginine in the vegetative cells.

58 vegetative cells and between heterocysts and vegetative cells.

59 ficantly lower levels in heterocysts than in vegetative cells.

60 te undergoes meiosis that gives rise to four vegetative cells.

61 o provide a mobile carrier, arginine, to the vegetative cells.

62 nonrandom spacing pattern along the chain of vegetative cells.

63 without lysis and localizing to the septa of vegetative cells.

64 use disease unless they germinate and become vegetative cells.

65 On the ventral surface of non-polarized vegetative cells, a broad ring of F actin periodically a

66 orms single heterocysts about every 10 to 15 vegetative cells along filaments.

67 porting sperm during pollen tube growth, the vegetative cell also contributes transcripts to the sper

68 Induction of sigmaF synthesis in vegetative cells also resulted in katX-lacZ expression,

69 rst an asymmetric mitosis generates a larger vegetative cell and a smaller generative cell, then the

70 The extra cell has the cell identity of a vegetative cell and is produced prior to any asymmetric

71 Vegetative cell and spore lysates of wild-type Sterne an

72 e is intercellular communication between the vegetative cell and the sperm cells.

73 opsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contain a large vegetative cell and two smaller sperm cells.

74 g frt::gfp fusions showed high expression in vegetative cells and akinetes, variable expression in ho

75 devH transcripts are barely detectable in vegetative cells and are induced approximately fivefold

76 Heterocysts differentiate from vegetative cells and are specialized for nitrogen fixati

77 GFP-FtsL was localized at mid-cell in vegetative cells and at the asymmetric septum in sporula

78 annels that breach the peptidoglycan between vegetative cells and between heterocysts and vegetative

79 Both vegetative cells and germinating spores are susceptible.

80 present in the genome are expressed in both vegetative cells and heterocysts but do not seem to have

81 nality of the filament, as an association of vegetative cells and heterocysts, is postulated to depen

82 ally in the case of calcein transfer between vegetative cells and heterocysts.

83 ignal, which confers nuclear localization in vegetative cells and in cells entering meiosis.

84 Expression of csgA is low in vegetative cells and increases during development.

85 r the mitochondria and vacuoles of sperm and vegetative cells and is at variance with the claim that

86 B. subtilis, is present at similar levels in vegetative cells and spores ( approximately 5 x 10(4) mo

87 Single vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus atrophaeus, form

88 ent in molar excess relative to RNAP in both vegetative cells and spores.

89 hesin system is not essential for mitosis in vegetative cells and suggests that plants may contain a

90 t Spo12p is also localized to the nucleus in vegetative cells and that its level peaks during G2/M.

91 RY within the algal cell body varies between vegetative cells and the different cell types of gametog

92 prevent cyanophage infection of Anabaena sp. vegetative cells and the formation of a functional heter

93 n between two cell types: the photosynthetic vegetative cells and the nitrogen-fixing heterocysts.

94 Membranes were enriched from spheroplasts of vegetative cells and then separated into three peaks on

95 s express significant levels of IME1 even in vegetative cells and this unscheduled expression results

96 en a lethal challenge of B. anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and to rabbits given a lethal challenge

97 t CALK was present as a 78/80-kDa doublet in vegetative cells and unactivated gametes of both mating

98 as approximately 5 times larger than that of vegetative cells and were motile in fluids with a viscos

99 s were spiked with Bacillus anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and Yersinia pestis, while water was sp

100 c expression activates zygote development in vegetative cells and, in a diploid background, the resul

101 rizing the peptidoglycan (PG) strands of the vegetative-cell and spore walls.

102 from developing pollen: the sperm cell, the vegetative cell, and their precursor, the postmeiotic mi

103 into starvation, gbpB mRNA levels highest in vegetative cells, and gbpD levels highest at 8 h.

104 transport of amino acids from heterocysts to vegetative cells, and reciprocally, the transport of sug

105 ndency on these enzymes is similar in sperm, vegetative cells, and somatic tissues, although DRM acti

106 rge majority of the asgE transcript found in vegetative cells appears to be monocistronic.

107 The resulting vegetative cells are believed to fill empty niches left

108 that functions under anaerobic conditions in vegetative cells are under the control of the promoter f

109 nregulation of HetR levels occurs rapidly in vegetative cells, as well as developing heterocysts.

110 els of CG methylation in wild-type sperm and vegetative cells, as well as in wild-type microspores fr

111 They differentiate from vegetative cells at regular intervals along each filamen

112 ur microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) in vegetative cells: basal bodies (BBs), macronuclear envel

113 Exchange among vegetative cells becomes faster as filaments differentia

114 In vegetative cells, bursts are scarce but preferentially o

115 sphatase, is specifically transcribed in the vegetative cell but predominantly translated in sperm ce

116 tion at Tyr-53 (pY53-actin), which is low in vegetative cells but high in viable mature spores.

117 ity similar to that of ciprofloxacin against vegetative cells but not against spores.

118 ysis showed katB to be expressed only in the vegetative cells but not in heterocysts.

119 EFR, transcripts from eEF2 were detected in vegetative cells but were present at lower concentration

120 in the progenitor generative cell or in the vegetative cell, but it is also active in ovules, roots,

121 The Mer2 protein is present in vegetative cells, but it increases in abundance and beco

122 formly distributed on the plasma membrane of vegetative cells, but pheromone induces its polarization

123 Both H1-1 and H1-2 are expressed in vegetative cells, but the two genes exhibit very differe

124 ve agent of anthrax, replicates as chains of vegetative cells by regulating the separation of septal

125 tive autoregulatory loop and is repressed in vegetative cells by Sum1.

126 e redefined the wall composition of S. pombe vegetative cells by this new method.

127 In many filamentous cyanobacteria, vegetative cells can differentiate into heterocysts, cel

128 In addition, photosynthetic, vegetative cells can form cytosolic LDs and much less in

129 in the surface architecture of C. difficile vegetative cells can play a significant role in disease.

130 of similar sequences, and lack of DEMETER in vegetative cells causes reduced small RNA-directed DNA m

131 Each vegetative cell contains two nuclei: a somatic, transcri

132 ly more resistant to wet heat than are their vegetative cell counterparts.

133 This article reviews wall biogenesis in vegetative cells, covering the structure of wall compone

134 EFR transcripts were not detected in vegetative cell cultures but rapidly increased about 6 h

135 These polypeptides colocalize throughout the vegetative cell cycle as they bind cytoplasmic microtubu

136 important both for completion of the normal vegetative cell cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fo

137 omyces cerevisiae and for departure from the vegetative cell cycle upon nitrogen deprivation.

138 fect on DNA damage repair during the haploid vegetative cell cycle.

139 isolate Zea mays sperm free of contaminating vegetative cell cytoplasm, and constructed a cDNA librar

140 mes predominate and are stably maintained in vegetative cells, despite their lack of known replicatio

141 o programmed cell death (PCD) whereby 80% of vegetative cells die.

142 small bitopic membrane protein required for vegetative cell division and sporulation in Bacillus sub

143 ad51 null progeny fail to initiate the first vegetative cell division following conjugal development.

144 ere we present evidence that in M. polyspora vegetative cell division has taken on a minor, and appar

145 DivIVA controls both the positioning of the vegetative cell division site and the polar attachment o

146 The RFB is inactive during vegetative cell divisions, suggesting a role in the form

147 In vegetative cells, DivIVA sequesters the MinCD division i

148 ch protein preferentially transcribed in the vegetative cell during pollen maturation.

149 moter, AtVEX1 (At5g62580), was active in the vegetative cell during the later stages of pollen develo

150 ependent of additional sporulation proteins; vegetative cells engineered to divide near a pole seques

151 Vegetative cells express basal levels of MID.

152 Upon germination, the vegetative cell extrudes a pollen tube that carries the

153 ed for site-directed mutants of the [2Fe-2S] vegetative cell ferredoxin (Fd) from Anabaena PCC 7120,

154 inetic data on wild-type and mutant Anabaena vegetative cell ferredoxins has been used to investigate

155 e frequency and pattern of heterocysts along vegetative cell filaments.

156 ways are the only major factors that prevent vegetative cells from differentiating into heterocysts w

157 re and developing heterocysts inhibit nearby vegetative cells from differentiating; genes patA, devA,

158 virulence factor expression (which protects vegetative cells from immune surveillance during outgrow

159 ted living egg cells, sperm cells and pollen vegetative cells from Oryza sativa (rice), and identifie

160 In vegetative cells, Fus3-GFP was found in both the cytopla

161 sites within the chloroplast genome between vegetative cells, gametes, and rifampicin-treated cells

162 In vegetative cells grown on nitrate, the 5' end of a trans

163 idermal cells, an exquisite model system for vegetative cell growth analyses in intact tissues.

164 The prp31-E1 mutant is defective in vegetative cell growth and in meiotic progression.

165 human host-defense peptide LL-37 in blocking vegetative cell growth and inhibiting spore outgrowth.

166 elevated during macronuclear S phase during vegetative cell growth and with both meiotic prophase an

167 signaling proteins with roles in pollen and vegetative cell growth, abscisic acid signal transductio

168 CNA1 is required for vegetative cell growth.

169 Telomerase activity isolated from mated or vegetative cells had indistinguishable specificities for

170 llular prokaryotes, in which heterocysts and vegetative cells have complementary metabolism and are m

171 All vegetative cells have RhT activity, but during developme

172 incipal nitrogen carrier from heterocysts to vegetative cells in Anabaena.

173 rogen-limiting conditions, a fraction of the vegetative cells in each filament terminally differentia

174 imiting conditions, approximately 10% of the vegetative cells in filaments of the cyanobacterium Anab

175 asb mutant grew to a very limited extent as vegetative cells in iron-depleted medium.

176 rations, which is required for the growth of vegetative cells in minimal media at very low inoculum d

177 the developmental block normally imposed on vegetative cells in submerged culture and leads to the f

178 to A/J mice, as indicated by the presence of vegetative cells in the spleen and blood of animals 48 h

179 tract and detect anthrax DNA from spores and vegetative cells in two steps within 1 min is described.

180 fusion protein localized to the periphery of vegetative cells in vivo, but lost this association foll

181 changes in the growth rate or morphology of vegetative cells, in the ability to produce heat-resista

182 postembryonic expression of the LEC1 gene in vegetative cells induces the expression of embryo-specif

183 Ectopic synthesis of Ndt80 in vegetative cells induces transcription of these genes, a

184 Third, production of Hed1 in vegetative cells inhibits Rad51-dependent recombination

185 The data indicate that RRG-1 controls vegetative cell integrity, hyperosmotic sensitivity, fun

186 yst frequency and a fourfold decrease in the vegetative cell interval between heterocysts.

187 Filaments containing these unusually long vegetative cell intervals between heterocysts also conta

188 across surfaces following differentiation of vegetative cells into elongated hyperflagellated swarm c

189 Swarming involves differentiation of vegetative cells into hyperflagellated swarm cells that

190 atS and hetN suppress the differentiation of vegetative cells into nitrogen-fixing heterocysts to est

191 the differentiation of semiregularly spaced vegetative cells into specialized cells called heterocys

192 lex cellular differentiation from rod-shaped vegetative cells into spherical spores is unknown.

193 erium Nostoc punctiforme differentiates from vegetative cells into three distinct cell types, heteroc

194 results, indicate that the level of AsgE in vegetative cells is sufficient for this protein to carry

195 ck protein production, expression of crs1 in vegetative cells is toxic.

196 Expression of Ime2 in vegetative cells leads to an unscheduled RPA phosphoryla

197 a(G), and induction of sigma(G) synthesis in vegetative cells led to synthesis of gerK mRNA.

198 DRM activity extends into heterochromatin in vegetative cells, likely reflecting transcription of het

199 Rec8 expressed in vegetative cells localizes to chromosomal arms and to th

200 genase gene cluster, nifII, was expressed in vegetative cells long before heterocysts formed.

201 d that in both equal and unequal divisions a vegetative cell marker gene was activated in both daught

202 with the claim that AtTIP5;1 is localized in vegetative cell mitochondria.

203 Fbh1 constrains homologous recombination in vegetative cells, most likely through an ability to disp

204 ile in fluids with a viscosity that inhibits vegetative cell motility.

205 In vegetative cells, mutation of DOT1 results in delocaliza

206 When produced ectopically in vegetative cells, Ndj1 caused SPB separation defects and

207 In WT vegetative cell nuclei, genetically unlinked ribosomal D

208 In cdc48a mutant vegetative cell nuclei, however, these rDNA loci frequen

209 undant protein specifically expressed in the vegetative cell of the pollen grain during pollen matura

210 perm are small and embedded within the large vegetative cell of the pollen grain, mRNAs from sperm ar

211 a pattern of biased inheritance in daughter vegetative cells of ammonium-grown cultures.

212 were purified in four steps from extracts of vegetative cells of Anabaena sp.

213 f nifB2:lacZ from A. variabilis in anaerobic vegetative cells of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 depended on th

214 of a paracrine hetN-dependent signal between vegetative cells of Anabaena.

215 ntrations of theta-defensins not only killed vegetative cells of B. anthracis (Sterne) and rendered t

216 roteins and the major chromosomal protein in vegetative cells of B. subtilis, is present at similar l

217 that PBP1 is localized at division sites in vegetative cells of B. subtilis.

218 Gamma phage specifically lyses vegetative cells of Bacillus anthracis and serves as par

219 Mutations causing rifampin resistance in vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 have thus far

220 ns associated with Martian surface regolith, vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis in Martian analogu

221 The differentiation of vegetative cells of Bacillus subtilis into spores involv

222 but was not detectable in mt- gametes or in vegetative cells of either mating type.

223 The rules governing silencing in vegetative cells of fungi are undefined, but repeated se

224 of GlbN occurred in both the heterocysts and vegetative cells of nitrogen-fixing cultures when the ra

225 master regulator of the flagellar operon, in vegetative cells of P. mirabilis and found that increase

226 Vegetative cells of the filamentous ascomycete Neurospor

227 The vegetative cells of the filamentous cyanobacterium Nosto

228 In contrast, vegetative cells of the lgt mutant were as virulent as t

229 e generally more flagellated and longer than vegetative cells of the same species propagated in liqui

230 10(4) CSRB apoprotein molecules per cell in vegetative cells of the wild-type strain 495, a higher v

231 e progenitor generative cell, but not in the vegetative cell or in other tissues.

232 fects the distribution of actin filaments in vegetative cells or actin and myosin distribution in div

233 o date: are they spores, persisters, sessile vegetative cells or do they make up a slow-growing popul

234 e used to determine the physiological state (vegetative cells or spores) correctly, and these methods

235 SLEs), which allows complete germination and vegetative cell outgrowth.

236 odulates initial cell type choice by linking vegetative cell physiology to the cell cycle.

237 Vegetative cells provide the heterocysts with reduced ca

238 Moreover, C. botulinum was present as vegetative cells rather than as dormant spores in Cladop

239 ular totipotency, where embryos develop from vegetative cells rather than from gamete fusion.

240 he septin organization observed in gin4Delta vegetative cells resembles that seen normally in cells r

241 In vegetative cells, RPG repression by rapamycin treatment

242 step induces partial Ume6p degradation when vegetative cells shift from glucose- to acetate-based me

243 proceeds through sporulation, the principal vegetative cell sigma subunit (sigma(A)) persists in the

244 uency during diazotrophic growth and reduced vegetative cell size compared to the wild type.

245 ssed by the S2-SLF1 promoter, but not by the vegetative cell-specific promoter, Late Anther Tomato 52

246 Ingested C. perfringens vegetative cells sporulate in the intestinal tract and p

247 eemingly unrelated proteins expressed on the vegetative cell surface or spore coat of C. difficile Th

248 overexpressing SepJ made wider septa between vegetative cells than the wild type, which correlated wi

249 n of a M. xanthus fruiting body than the tan vegetative cells that contributed to fruiting body forma

250 le spores germinate in the colon to form the vegetative cells that initiate Clostridium difficile inf

251 metabolically interdependent cell types, the vegetative cells that perform oxygenic photosynthesis an

252 The spores then germinate into vegetative cells that proliferate in the midgut of the h

253 ansported along the filament to the 10 to 20 vegetative cells that separate heterocysts is unknown.

254 rce of PatS and HetN, as well as adjacent to vegetative cells that were manipulated to overexpress a

255 The vegetative cell, the companion cell of sperm, also under

256 yzed purified Arabidopsis thaliana sperm and vegetative cells-the cell types that comprise pollen-wit

257 DPA), a substance found in spores but not in vegetative cells; this was confirmed using pyrolysis-gas

258 s, and increased loss of autofluorescence in vegetative cells throughout filaments after nitrogen or

259 hypothesized to decrease the competency of a vegetative cell to initiate heterocyst differentiation,

260 ument transport of AHG3 transcripts from the vegetative cell to sperm and showed that their transport

261 We engineered vegetative cells to carry out processing of pro-sigmaK b

262 The transition from vegetative cells to either heterocysts or hormogonia res

263 nd reciprocally, the transport of sugar from vegetative cells to heterocysts.

264 ript with a 5' end at -39 bases replaced the vegetative cell transcript.

265 demonstrate that siRNAs produced from pollen vegetative cell transcripts can silence TE reporters in

266 Reciprocally, vegetative cells transfer fixed carbon to heterocysts.

267 tetrads and a transcript encoding oleosin in vegetative cells transferred to an acetate-enriched medi

268 eins Flv1A, Flv2, Flv3A, and Flv4 present in vegetative cells, two heterocyst-specific flavodiiron pr

269 gh levels during sporulation but absent from vegetative cells, two of the proteins, P3 and P4, were a

270 misexpression of the pollen-specific ACT1 in vegetative cell types affects the dynamics of actin due

271 These spores return to toxin-producing vegetative cells upon binding to small molecule germinan

272 structures in Bacillus subtilis such as the vegetative cell wall and the spore cortex.

273 s to have a structure similar to that of the vegetative cell wall and which serves as the initial cel

274 cis-specific polysaccharide structure in its vegetative cell wall is discussed with regard to its rel

275 ysaccharide released from Bacillus anthracis vegetative cell walls by aqueous hydrogen fluoride (HF).

276 oat layers, sequentially dissolved until the vegetative cell was released.

277 Nif2 nitrogenase under anoxic conditions in vegetative cells was sufficient to support long-term gro

278 e, overexpression of either form of Kar4p in vegetative cells was toxic.

279 Q469R, and H482Y previously characterized in vegetative cells, we isolated a new mutation of rpoB, H4

280 thermore, both the sperm cell and the pollen vegetative cell were deficient in expression of key RNAi

281 The biomarkers for vegetative cells were clearly different from those of th

282 C. difficile spore and vegetative cells were counted in feces from infected mic

283 sis, and B. atrophaeus spores, and B. cereus vegetative cells were investigated by Raman imaging for

284 tosis and chemotaxis under agar to folate in vegetative cells were only subtly affected in Arp2 phosp

285 gh the 120-kDa form was expressed 10 h after vegetative cells were transferred to gametic induction m

286 d sufficient to induce embryo development in vegetative cells when expressed ectopically.

287 ween heterocysts increased to as many as 200 vegetative cells, whereas in the wild type the intervals

288 ia, oxygenic photosynthesis is restricted to vegetative cells, whereas N(2) fixation is confined to m

289 le gametophyte) consists of three cells: the vegetative cell, which forms the pollen tube, and two sp

290 The septa between heterocysts and vegetative cells, which are narrow in wild-type Anabaena

291 DNA can also trigger de novo methylation in vegetative cells, which then causes transcriptional sile

292 Nondividing Arabidopsis pollen vegetative cells, which transport engulfed sperm by exte

293 or one another; Sec9p is active primarily in vegetative cells while Spo20p functions only during spor

294 a spo12 mutation is synthetically lethal in vegetative cells with a mutation in HCT1, a gene necessa

295 reduced carbon, and heterocysts provide the vegetative cells with fixed nitrogen.

296 r to recombine with each other frequently in vegetative cells with no detrimental consequences.

297 nobacteria couple oxygenic photosynthesis in vegetative cells with O2-sensitive N2 fixation in differ

298 s and Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis vegetative cells with sample residence times of 62, 12,

299 es, we compared the proteome of liquid-grown vegetative cells with the proteome of mature fruiting bo

300 ion of the released DNA, from less than 1000 vegetative cells, without additional preprocessing steps