ライフサイエンスコーパス: vertebrae

1 ation of the back and an increased number of vertebrae.

2 ncluding the maxilla, dentary and additional vertebrae.

3 aline elasmobranchs via chemical analysis of vertebrae.

4 ring extended greater than or equal to three vertebrae.

5 %) subjects had an anomalous total number of vertebrae.

6 ar bone volume in the proximal tibias and L5 vertebrae.

7 ith a decrease in fracture resistance in the vertebrae.

8 tly estimated for bone metastases and normal vertebrae.

9 of axial vertebrae and truncation of caudal vertebrae.

10 ices that extend to the lateral edges of all vertebrae.

11 was observed in as many as 19.6% of thoracic vertebrae.

12 ted to align the spinal nerve roots with the vertebrae.

13 tenuation between vessel segments and lumbar vertebrae.

14 ivity in large blood vessels anterior to the vertebrae.

15 rol cell proliferation within the developing vertebrae.

16 metamorphic tadpoles between the 4th and 5th vertebrae.

17 ice and humans, including development of the vertebrae.

18 t deletions of neural arches in the cervical vertebrae.

19 observed in the base of the skull and in the vertebrae.

20 tion of the axial skeleton and fusion of the vertebrae.

21 ncentration on development of limb, head and vertebrae.

22 ancient, role in the segmental patterning of vertebrae.

23 a general repressor of growth in the caudal vertebrae.

24 raphy in 64%, and by MRI in 96% of fractured vertebrae.

25 in the hind limb and transformations of the vertebrae.

26 ), the caudal spinal ganglia, and the caudal vertebrae.

27 2 (33%) involved the collapse of nonadjacent vertebrae.

28 f the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae.

29 e tissues, including fusions of the ribs and vertebrae.

30 the number and relative position of thoracic vertebrae.

31 genes causes anterior transformation of the vertebrae.

32 patterning of regionally specific posterior vertebrae.

33 topod and a decrease in the number of lumbar vertebrae.

34 h characteristic radiographic changes in the vertebrae.

35 dorsal cell fates in the CNS and developing vertebrae.

36 us limbs and reproductive tracts, but not in vertebrae.

37 letal sites, including the limbs, skull, and vertebrae.

38 oracic vertebrae as well as number of lumbar vertebrae.

39 evels and for modulating the total number of vertebrae.

40 ed apoptosis of chondrocytes in the ribs and vertebrae.

41 antation and did not integrate into adjacent vertebrae.

42 BMD (T score less than -2.5) of at least two vertebrae.

43 80%) of size and diameter of the ribcage and vertebrae.

44 ould ensure the suture is at the level of S1 vertebrae.

45 ical segment at the level of C2/C3 and C4/C5 vertebrae.

46 longitudinal ligament at the level of C4/C5 vertebrae.

47 jects lost 1-2% BMD annually at lumbar spine vertebrae 2-4, the forearm, the femoral neck, and hip.

48 es, mainly in the distal forearm (27.6%) and vertebrae (28.3%).

49 Fracture progression was noted in 27 vertebrae (39%).

50 veloped pathologic fractures of the involved vertebrae 4 and 16 weeks after treatment.

51 ps are elongate because there are more trunk vertebrae, a widespread homoplasy (parallelism) in salam

52 ody size, and develop fusion of the ribs and vertebrae, abnormal spinal curvatures, and dysmorphic fa

53 as resulted in little variation in number of vertebrae across mammalian species and no variation with

54 ewly documented fractures, 24 (67%) involved vertebrae adjacent to the previously treated vertebral l

55 ; two-thirds of these new fractures occur in vertebrae adjacent to those previously treated.

56 lateral aspect of 219 (37%) of 588 thoracic vertebrae and 45 (18%) of 245 lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.00

57 onvex prezygoepipophyseal lamina on cervical vertebrae and a divided infraprezygapophyseal fossa thro

58 Somites are the precursors of vertebrae and associated muscle, tendons and dorsal derm

59 ulated from manual delineation of the lumbar vertebrae and blood samples, assuming a fixed RM-to-plas

60 terized by short stature, and fusions of the vertebrae and carpal and tarsal bones.

61 omites are embryonic precursors of the ribs, vertebrae and certain dermis tissue.

62 lities, abnormal facial structures, abnormal vertebrae and cleft palate.

63 efects, which consist of highly disorganised vertebrae and costal defects, are similar to those assoc

64 Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and disks can be readily identified and defini

65 Patterning of individual vertebrae and distinct regions of the vertebral column i

66 assessment of the trabecular bone of lumbar vertebrae and enables freely rotatable color-coded 3D vi

67 nied by focal lytic and sclerotic lesions in vertebrae and femur.

68 likely possessed five non-rib-bearing lumbar vertebrae and five sacral elements, the same configurati

69 Forty implants were inserted into the vertebrae and forty into the pelvis of a steer, a safe d

70 velopment of the caudal spinal cord and tail vertebrae and has also been implicated in adult cutaneou

71 ly develops osteolytic tumors throughout the vertebrae and hind limbs, using biodistribution studies

72 ehavior and altered development of posterior vertebrae and hindlimb skeletal elements.

73 11 signaling regulates development of caudal vertebrae and is involved in specification of axial vert

74 ive to Bmp4 dosage, such as the limb, dorsal vertebrae and kidney, develop normally.

75 Vertebrae and long bones in Dmp1-deficient (Dmp1(-/-)) m

76 alysis demonstrated that, in contrast to the vertebrae and long bones, the sternum of wild-type embry

77 ites: transient structures that give rise to vertebrae and much of the musculature.

78 reiterated structures that will give rise to vertebrae and muscles, is thought to be dependent upon a

79 w pathway crucial for the development of the vertebrae and our data indicate that novel mechanisms of

80 ecus skeleton to preserve all seven cervical vertebrae and provides evidence for 12 thoracic vertebra

81 row fat fraction were measured in the lumbar vertebrae and proximal femur.

82 Thoracic vertebrae and ribs had abnormal morphology, lumbar and s

83 external and internal oblique muscles to the vertebrae and ribs of the opposite side.

84 also have skeletal malformations with fused vertebrae and ribs.

85 d by the unequal sizes of the left and right vertebrae and ribs.

86 ite posterior polarity leading to fusions of vertebrae and ribs.

87 Prominent individual vertebrae and sacroiliac joints were categorized as bone

88 entation of adjacent sclerotomes to form the vertebrae and selective migration of neural crest cells

89 bilateral symmetry, evident at the level of vertebrae and skeletal muscles.

90 ralization occurred in many bones, including vertebrae and some craniofacial bones.

91 caused by a stab wound between the T7 and T9 vertebrae and spontaneous experimental autoimmune enceph

92 acterized by the involvement of two adjacent vertebrae and the intervening disc.

93 orders distinguished by abnormalities in the vertebrae and the metaphyses of the tubular bones.

94 These included skeletal defects in cervical vertebrae and the rib cage.

95 lead to alterations in the formation of the vertebrae and the ribs.

96 The vertebrae and their associated muscles derive from metam

97 ongated lumbar region, both in the number of vertebrae and their lengths, as well as a marked posteri

98 with the largest effect for number of lumbar vertebrae and thoracolumbar vertebrae were located over

99 ing display anterior transformation of axial vertebrae and truncation of caudal vertebrae.

100 nt from the patterning of the somite-derived vertebrae and vertebral ribs.

101 endochondral axial skeletal elements (ribs, vertebrae) and plates of bone, which are overlain by ker

102 reas of IAAT (at the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SA

103 interest placed over bone metastases, normal vertebrae, and cardiac blood pools.

104 etarded ossification of the clavicles, ribs, vertebrae, and limbs, demonstrating that skeletal abnorm

105 ection and bear sculpturing, elongate dorsal vertebrae, and modified limb girdles.

106 s of interest were drawn over several lumbar vertebrae, and red marrow activity concentration was qua

107 rch, homeotic aberration and loss of rostral vertebrae, and reduced number of ribs and somites.

108 derivatives, which include skeletal muscle, vertebrae, and ribs.

109 ndplates to interface the DAPS with adjacent vertebrae, and showed that this modification mitigated i

110 d the somite gives rise to skeletal muscles, vertebrae, and some dermis.

111 calized preferentially in the femur, pelvis, vertebrae, and spleen; increased uptake in these organs

112 ecting the palatal shelves, shoulder girdle, vertebrae, and sternum.

113 ate the Gdf11 signal in patterning the axial vertebrae, and that Gdf11 binds to both ActRIIA and ActR

114 hematopoietic niches such as femurs, humeri, vertebrae, and the thymus.

115 Only osteoporotic fractures of the hip, vertebrae, and wrist were modeled.

116 e, or lung metastasize to long bones, spinal vertebrae, and/or pelvis.

117 ted, nonelongated taxa, but individual trunk vertebrae are elongated.

118 In the absence of Hox10 function, no lumbar vertebrae are formed.

119 bar; 3) sit-ups in which the upper and lower vertebrae are lifted from the floor; and 4) running for

120 er case, diffuse osteosclerosis and H-shaped vertebrae are most typical.

121 Mechanisms mediating closure of the dorsal vertebrae are not clear.

122 In the absence of Hox11 function, sacral vertebrae are not formed and instead these vertebrae ass

123 However, the sacral and tail vertebrae are only minimally affected in Lfng(DeltaFCE1)

124 In Fat4(-/-) and Dchs1(-/-) mice, many vertebrae are split along the midline and fused across t

125 Vertebrae are the most common sites in adults vs femora

126 how extensive apoptosis in the forebrain and vertebrae area and die around stage E9.5 to E11.5.

127 e also identify the spontaneous mutation rib-vertebrae as a hypomorphic mutation in Tbx6.

128 is whether Australopithecus had 12 thoracic vertebrae as in most humans, or 13 as in most African ap

129 Lineatriton has the same number of trunk vertebrae as related, nonelongated taxa, but individual

130 rable variation exists in number of thoracic vertebrae as well as number of lumbar vertebrae.

131 ped for the number of ribs and thoracolumbar vertebrae as well as successfully genotyped with the Ill

132 l vertebrae are not formed and instead these vertebrae assume a lumbar identity.

133 Aetheretmon and other Paleozoic fishes, the vertebrae-bearing tail continues to grow beyond the caud

134 r median fin turned caudal fin, and an upper vertebrae-bearing tail, equivalent to that of tetrapods.

135 e had lower cortical thickness in femora and vertebrae because of reduced bone formation at the endoc

136 o set the transition from thoracic to lumbar vertebrae because of their rib-repressing activity.

137 ment injected was determined by weighing the vertebrae before and after treatment.

138 , which terminates midway along the thoracic vertebrae before giving rise to a long and extensive cau

139 of the hip, humerus, distal tibia, wrist, or vertebrae between October, 1996, and September, 1997.

140 ed to dominate postextinction ecosystems and vertebrae biodiversity.

141 rtical and trabecular bone in the femurs and vertebrae (bone mineral density was decreased on average

142 Male and female Pcolce-/- vertebrae both appeared to compensate for inferior mater

143 h continued up to 8 months in long bones and vertebrae, but not calvariae.

144 slices between the second and fourth lumbar vertebrae by an inverse recovery method, and IAF was cal

145 Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae can alter the biomechanics of weight transfer

146 lared metaphysis of long bones and flattened vertebrae, characteristic of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasi

147 Curvatures caused by malformed vertebrae (congenital scoliosis (CS)) are apparent at bi

148 present anterior homeotic transformations of vertebrae consistent with high levels of Gdf11 expressio

149 enarthrous articulations of posterior dorsal vertebrae, convergent with extant xenarthran mammals, wh

150 Alterations in the vertebrae could be detected as early as E13.5 days.

151 at least 1.0 % of the genomic variation for vertebrae counts while 16 regions were significant for k

152 Vertebrae derive from embryonic somites that are continu

153 uced bone volume in the tibial epiphysis and vertebrae detected by microcomputed tomographic (microCT

154 terning is set up during embryogenesis, when vertebrae develop from the sclerotome layer of the metam

155 y, we characterized alignment of somites and vertebrae, distribution of individual sclerotome progeny

156 f deregionalization of the primaxial domain (vertebrae, dorsal ribs) of the skeleton in snake-like bo

157 fertile and show only mild defects in caudal vertebrae due to abnormal intervertebral disc developmen

158 ertebral column comprises a repeat series of vertebrae, each consisting of two key components: the ve

159 on laterally than centrally for all thoracic vertebrae except for T7.

160 The vertebrae exhibit platyspondyly and overfaced pedicles s

161 Instead, ribs project from all posterior vertebrae, extending caudally from the last thoracic ver

162 nd the loss of trabecular bone in femurs and vertebrae following Folfiri administration.

163 ined the developmental processes involved in vertebrae formation.

164 MicroCT analysis of vertebrae from an AD mouse model, Tg2576, identified a d

165 rtilage and in the cartilage of mineralizing vertebrae from neonatal mice.

166 rtment of the same bones was spared, as were vertebrae from the same mice.

167 it lesions in up to 20% of inflamed thoracic vertebrae if both scanning and image assessment do not i

168 much better with dose estimated from lumbar vertebrae imaging and patient-specific marrow mass than

169 ained at the first, second, and third lumbar vertebrae in 1222 healthy white male and female subjects

170 of percutaneous vertebroplasties yielded 18 vertebrae in 17 patients that were treated with a standa

171 with a standard bipediculate approach and 57 vertebrae in 32 patients that were treated with a modifi

172 A total of 569 normal vertebrae in 75 patients (42 women, 33 men; mean age, 57

173 cal segment, at the level of C2/C3 and C4/C5 vertebrae in a 5-year-old girl with torticollis.

174 terior homeotic transformations of the axial vertebrae in a dose-dependent manner.

175 sel segment typically overlapped with lumbar vertebrae in anterior and posterior whole-body images.

176 the morphological structure of the cervical vertebrae in cephalometric images can clearly differenti

177 The analysis of cervical vertebrae in cephalometric radiographs appears to be the

178 populations compared to analyzing individual vertebrae in isolation.

179 which to recognize cervical vs. noncervical vertebrae in mammals.

180 to the effect of homeobox gene patterning of vertebrae in modern mammals, making it plausible to extr

181 ge by approximately 90 mg/mL in the cortical vertebrae in one strain) and cortical bone in the calvar

182 ae and is involved in specification of axial vertebrae in part by maintaining Cyp26a1 expression, whi

183 s have been identified that affect number of vertebrae in pigs yet considerable genetic variation sti

184 had fusions between the neural arches of the vertebrae in the cervical and thoracic spine.

185 at the level of the periodic arrangement of vertebrae in the spine.

186 the paraspinal muscle surface area at the L4 vertebrae in the subset of individuals with an abdominal

187 a1 enhanced anterior transformation of axial vertebrae in wild-type and Acvr2b mutants.

188 Mean BMD of three consecutive thoracic vertebrae (in the T7-T10 range) was measured in all 4126

189 Rhachitomous vertebrae--in which there is a dorsally placed neural ar

190 Alternatively, four distinct dorsal vertebrae indicate a minimum of four taxa.

191 t gene Gnai3 have fusions of ribs and lumbar vertebrae, indicating a requirement for Galpha(i) (the "

192 ertainties in image quantification of lumbar vertebrae is correction for radioactivity in large blood

193 body axis, and the segmental identity of the vertebrae is determined by the unique expression pattern

194 MR imaging-guided RF thermal ablation of the vertebrae is feasible in porcine models, but the safety

195 In vertebrates, the total number of vertebrae is precisely defined.

196 However, in many taxa, the number of trunk vertebrae is surprisingly constant.

197 marked posterior concavity of wedged lumbar vertebrae, known as a lordosis.

198 pular and forelimb elements, plus associated vertebrae, known for the group, revealing how dinosaurs

199 y CT software, the trabecular bone of lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 were analyzed and segmented.

200 Single slices were taken at lumbar vertebrae L1-L5 plus intervertebral discs and the thigh

201 sholds of AO and DSN grade 1+ in one or more vertebrae (L1-5) within a subject.

202 mass, resulting in improved bone strength of vertebrae L3.

203 mage measured between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae (L4-L5) is most frequently chosen to approxima

204 erector spinae muscle locations at the L4/L5 vertebrae level.

205 Hoxa-11, which are coexpressed in developing vertebrae, limbs, and reproductive tracts.

206 educed intervertebral disc defects of lumbar vertebrae, loss of synchondroses, and foramen-magnum sha

207 itative computed tomography of L1 through L2 vertebrae; low BMD was defined as an age- and sex-standa

208 llected in spring and summer had translucent vertebrae margins, while fish collected in winter had op

209 nd Pederpes, shows that reverse rhachitomous vertebrae may be the ancestral condition for limbed vert

210 in signal intensity was noted for all normal vertebrae (mean, 58.5%) and for benign lesions, includin

211 is 76% of the mean marrow volume of 3 lumbar vertebrae measured in some of these patients.

212 d aged by counting opaque bands in sectioned vertebrae (n=15).

213 including a reduced number of elongate trunk vertebrae (nine), nine pairs of T-shaped ribs, inferred

214 The vertebrae notochord is a transient rod-like structure th

215 ter and the largest association for thoracic vertebrae number was over the Hox A gene cluster.

216 osterior cortex were performed in the lumbar vertebrae of 10 pigs by a single operator.

217 Similarly dimorphic morphologies in fossil vertebrae of Australopithecus suggest that this adaptati

218 -] mice revealed that although calvarium and vertebrae of double-knockout mice were normalized with r

219 ing the pattern observed in cranial thoracic vertebrae of other mammals.

220 manifests as homeotic transformations in the vertebrae of Tert(-/-) mice.

221 p into the dermis, skeletal muscle, ribs and vertebrae of the adult.

222 e reduced in frequency in the adipocyte-rich vertebrae of the mouse tail relative to the adipocyte-fr

223 he mouse tail relative to the adipocyte-free vertebrae of the thorax.

224 Accordingly, we interpret the ribless neck vertebrae of three-toed sloths caudal to V7 as thoracic

225 omineralization defects of the calvarium and vertebrae of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TN

226 A lack of radiotracer activity in individual vertebrae or in the sacroiliac joints was categorized as

227 ndrocyte differentiation were not altered in vertebrae or long bones suggesting that loss of responsi

228 eotic transformations from trunk into sacral vertebrae, or vice versa, and mutations toward such tran

229 horacic vertebrae and 45 (18%) of 245 lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.001).

230 associated with an anomalous total number of vertebrae (P = .46), but an LSTV was (P < .001; OR, 7.4;

231 The two traumatically fused hadrosaur vertebrae partially enclosing a T. rex tooth were discov

232 mean number of affected thoracic and lumbar vertebrae per patient were 5.4 and 1.8, respectively.

233 Geometrical parameters of vertebrae potentially measured on spine radiograms could

234 The number of vertebrae rated as unclear decreased by 59%-90% or from

235 In lumbar vertebrae reduced vertebral body area and wall thickness

236 vertebrate body axis into somites, and later vertebrae, relies on a genetic oscillator (the segmentat

237 onale is that changes of the number of trunk vertebrae require homeotic transformations from trunk in

238 (microCT) analyses of the femurs and lumbar vertebrae revealed delayed or incomplete endochondral os

239 and histologic analysis of Tax(+) mouse-tail vertebrae revealed the presence of Tax(+) tumor cells, o

240 armour, mostly preserved in situ, along its vertebrae, ribs, and forelimbs, as well as a row of flat

241 sable for the development of sacral and tail vertebrae (secondary body formation).

242 ures specialized for digging, and its lumbar vertebrae show xenarthrous articulations.

243 A total of 210 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae showed compression fractures and were electron

244 selective constraints on the count of trunk vertebrae stem from a combination of developmental and b

245 eased mechanical strength as well as altered vertebrae structure compared with wild-type mice.

246 turnover rate in the humerus than in lumbar vertebrae, suggesting enhanced bone formation and resorp

247 Alignment of somites with vertebrae suggests that the first two somites do not con

248 bust scapulae, sternum, and unfused cervical vertebrae, support the interpretation that this species

249 hat sufficient individuals with transitional vertebrae survive to allow eventual evolutionary changes

250 es had lost substantially more bone from the vertebrae than controls.

251 e tracer activity associated with their tail vertebrae than did Tax(+) mice older than 12 mo (P = 0.0

252 eater accumulation of activity in their tail vertebrae than did the wild-type (WT) cohort (P = 0.013)

253 s generally produce transitional lumbosacral vertebrae that are incompletely fused to the sacrum.

254 o repeated segments, best exemplified by the vertebrae that derive from embryonic somites.

255 or axis, as illustrated by the repetition of vertebrae that form the vertebral column.

256 In sloths with 8-10 ribless neck vertebrae, the caudal-most neck centra ossify early, mat

257 rhythmic production of the precursors of the vertebrae, the somites, imposes a segmented aspect to th

258 ) of 588 thoracic and 86 (35%) of 245 lumbar vertebrae; the mean number of affected thoracic and lumb

259 f fibrillar collagen in various rat tissues (vertebrae, tibia, tail tendon, dermis, and cornea) are i

260 From the P-SHG parameters of vertebrae tissue, a three-dimensional reconstruction of

261 e, extending caudally from the last thoracic vertebrae to beyond the sacral region.

262 Spina bifida, or failure of the vertebrae to close at the midline, is a common congenita

263 ed curvature and reinforcement of the lumbar vertebrae to compensate for this bipedal obstetric load.

264 homeotic transformation of the last cervical vertebrae toward a thoracic identity.

265 used and reduced number of lumbar and sacral vertebrae, under-developed hind limb bones and a kinky,

266 ysis of a morphological maturity of cervical vertebrae utilizing cephalometric radiographs.

267 terized tomography (CT) scanned at the L4-L5 vertebrae (VFACT).

268 The average bone attenuation for T12-L4 vertebrae was 146 HU +/- 29 (standard deviation) in case

269 nd provide definitive numbering of disks and vertebrae was compared with neuroradiologist assignments

270 Marrow dose in the lumbar vertebrae was estimated from images for (111)In-CC49 upt

271 he levels of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae was graded by a previously validated rating sc

272 h the total biomechanical strength of lumbar vertebrae was reduced by 35%, the strength of the calcif

273 Compression fractures were induced, and the vertebrae were again imaged.

274 Specifically, the size and spacing of the vertebrae were altered, and defects were detected in the

275 One hundred sixty lumbar vertebrae were analyzed in 40 patients (mean age, 57.1 y

276 , we showed that gross alterations in dorsal vertebrae were apparent by E16.5days in Tgfbr2 mutants.

277 A total of 1031 intact vertebrae were available for clustered analysis of fract

278 Fracture-free probabilities of individual vertebrae were clustered within a patient (ie, not indep

279 The vertebrae were dissected free of the surrounding muscles

280 the level of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae were graded according to increasing severity u

281 The animal was euthanized and the vertebrae were harvested and evaluated with scanning ele

282 Thirty-seven vertebrae were harvested from four donated cadavers of e

283 The first three vertebrae were in the first domain; the rest being in th

284 MATERIAL/METHODS: 20 human cadaveric L3 vertebrae were included in the study.

285 number of lumbar vertebrae and thoracolumbar vertebrae were located over the Hox B gene cluster and t

286 s had abnormal morphology, lumbar and sacral vertebrae were malformed or completely absent, and no ta

287 Anterior lateral and dorsal elements of the vertebrae were missing or irregularly shaped.

288 An anomalous total number of vertebrae were present in 12 (8.2%) of 147 subjects.

289 malformed or completely absent, and no tail vertebrae were present.

290 The vertebrae were randomized to be treated with kyphoplasty

291 nd bone mineral content in femurs and lumbar vertebrae when compared with the wild-type (WT) litterma

292 e exceptions were the atlas and mid-thoracic vertebrae, which remained at the 5- to 6-year stage of d

293 al skeleton comprises regions of specialized vertebrae, which vary in length between lineages.

294 de shock absorbing buffers, between adjacent vertebrae, while also allowing movements between them.

295 tebrae and provides evidence for 12 thoracic vertebrae with a transition in facet morphology at the 1

296 Blastemas containing vertebrae with intact spinal cords formed CTs with proxi

297 inal vertebral height was restored in 93% of vertebrae with kyphoplasty and in 82% with vertebroplast

298 Trends in Sr:Ca measured across vertebrae with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma

299 survival probabilities of individual intact vertebrae within one patient into account to improve est

300 ed to be two domains in the calcification of vertebrae within the axial skeleton.