ライフサイエンスコーパス: viral RNA

1 ing the rash followed by slow elimination of viral RNA.

2 G-I-like receptor involved in the sensing of viral RNA.

3 nism of activity involving the processing of viral RNA.

4 ha7 while preventing non-specific binding to viral RNA.

5 gesting a role for IRAV in the processing of viral RNA.

6 form distinct granules that colocalize with viral RNA.

7 is helix are required for RdRp to synthesize viral RNA.

8 al membranes together, allowing entry of the viral RNA.

9 da1, and CXCL-10, which require signaling by viral RNA.

10 membrane and the concomitant transfer of the viral RNA.

11 not cross-react with dengue and chikungunya viral RNA.

12 dimeric genome comprising two copies of the viral RNA.

13 -assemble into a capsid shell to enclose the viral RNA.

14 cent of all 108 serum samples tested yielded viral RNA.

15 % of stool and 2.4% of urine samples yielded viral RNA.

16 structure, is packaged more efficiently than viral RNA.

17 bavirin-induced G-->A and C-->U mutations in viral RNA.

18 ation of infected cells after recognition of viral RNA.

19 for IFIT1 translational inhibition of capped viral RNA.

20 n of IRAV or MOV10 results in an increase in viral RNA.

21 PCR for positive-strand and negative-strand viral RNA.

22 r export of gRNAs and other intron-retaining viral RNAs.

23 ve IFN response when stimulated by influenza viral RNAs.

24 l nucleocapsid as the template to synthesize viral RNAs.

25 ce of viral RNAs, promoting RIG-I sensing of viral RNAs.

26 les modulate the stabilities of cellular and viral RNAs.

27 t license transcription of antisense genomic viral RNAs.

28 to be modulated by the abundance of m(6)A in viral RNAs.

29 1 loop dictates ribosome selectivity towards viral RNAs.

30 ticles that penetrate into the cell make new viral RNA?

31 nisms by which miR-122 is thought to enhance viral RNA abundance and the consequences of miR-122-HCV

32 Increasing full-length viral RNA abundance or distribution had little-to-no net

33 ion of which enhances neuro-invasiveness and viral RNA abundance.

34 ons of miR-122 with the viral genome promote viral RNA accumulation in cultured cells and in animal m

35 ispersed in maize cytoplasm to suppress SCMV viral RNA accumulation.

36 ition, we also showed that the length of the viral RNA affects the sizes of spherules formed in N. be

37 four vaccinated monkeys showed no detectable viral RNA after subsequent high-dose DENV2 challenge at

38 es of diagnostic importance, i.e., influenza viral RNA and a micro RNA (miR-31).

39 , which may be due to a failure to eliminate viral RNA and Ag and/or persistent immune responses that

40 ted ZIKV-infected patients were analyzed for viral RNA and antibodies.

41 is essential for capping and replication of viral RNA and comprises a methyltransferase (MTase) and

42 ic decrease in the levels of cell-associated viral RNA and DNA.

43 domain, is required for association with the viral RNA and production of the DNA genome.

44 istics typical of viral hepatitis, including viral RNA and proteins in hepatocytes and histopathologi

45 ropean starling was positive for Eurasian H5 viral RNA and seropositive for antibodies reactive to th

46 g frames and the capacity to produce certain viral RNA and/or proteins.

47 component of the viral capsid to encapsulate viral RNA, and it is also a multifunctional protein invo

48 , both in the presence and in the absence of viral RNA, and show that this interaction is conserved i

49 n helps to confine interactions between Gag, viral RNAs, and host determinants in order to ensure vir

50 HCV proteins, intracellular localization of viral RNAs, and inhibition of viral particle assembly.

51 at the specific interactions between Gag and viral RNA are required for the enhancement of particle p

52 that occur prior to the de novo synthesis of viral RNA are required for the induction of necroptosis,

53 Many viral RNAs are modified by methylation of the N(6) posit

54 hese data implicate RNase III recognition of viral RNA as an antiviral defence that is independent of

55 e receptor that detects atypical features in viral RNAs as foreign to initiate a Type I interferon si

56 emonstrate the tracking of (+) and (-) sense viral RNA at single-cell resolution within complex subse

57 incorporate viral proteins and fragments of viral RNA, being thus indistinguishable from defective (

58 gulatory elements that are controlled by the viral RNA-binding protein (RBP) NS1.

59 icient Cas9 can recruit fluorescently tagged viral RNA-binding proteins (MCP and PCP) to specific gen

60 e element in unspliced and partially spliced viral RNA; binding of the RRE by the viral Rev protein i

61 Sequestration of miR-122 results in loss of viral RNA both in cell culture and in the livers of chro

62 selectively target aberrant RNAs, including viral RNA, but this regulation is incompletely understoo

63 irus replication.IMPORTANCE The detection of viral RNA by host non-self RNA sensors, including RIG-I

64 sed to create the DNA genome from a specific viral RNA by reverse transcription.

65 ication and evasion of innate recognition of viral RNAs by cellular sensors.

66 mimic a cap structure to limit detection of viral RNAs by intracellular innate sensors and to direct

67 ith corresponding HBGAs through detection of viral RNAs by RT-PCR and capsid antigens by immunostaini

68 Flaviviruses produce an abundant noncoding viral RNA called sfRNA in both arthropod and mammalian c

69 verexpressed, suggesting that the effects of viral RNA can be replaced by increased Gag concentration

70 The selective release of viral RNA can regulate the timing of replication and gen

71 nanotube connections to transport infectious viral RNA, certain replicases, and certain structural pr

72 s, with the core infectious viral machinery (viral RNA, certain replicases, and certain structural pr

73 HPV18 pre-mRNAs is subject to regulation by viral RNA cis elements and host splicing factors and off

74 HPV18 pre-mRNAs is subject to regulation by viral RNA cis elements and host trans-acting splicing fa

75 Experiments in which viral RNA competes for viral CP with polyUs of equal len

76 onance energy transfer (smFRET) to probe the viral RNA conformations that occur during RNAP binding a

77 e used in cells infected with HIV-1 and that viral RNAs containing a single 5' capped guanosine ((Cap

78 found positive by qRT-PCR for ZIKAV and the viral RNA copy numbers detected in conjunctival swabs ra

79 showed significantly reduced viral loads and viral RNA copy numbers relative to CD4 cells in hu-PBL m

80 ertebrate cells from attachment and entry to viral RNA delivery.

81 nd to the surface of the thumb domain of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B).

82 The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) causes the TSS

83 The nucleotide incorporation fidelity of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is important f

84 e entire dengue genome for interactions with viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and we identi

85 NA (vRNA) genome, which is replicated by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP).

86 fluenza A virus mRNAs are transcribed by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in the cell nucleus b

87 sequestered inside the nucleocapsid when the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase uses it as the templa

88 viruses is transcribed and replicated by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, composed of the subu

89 rom retroviral RTs but remarkably similar to viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases.

90 ry and optimization of non-nucleoside dengue viral RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors are

91 ter viremia resolution, there was persistent viral RNA detected in the semen of the patient, accompan

92 diating RIG-I-driven responses downstream of viral RNA detection, ultimately leading to enhanced type

93 iated deacetylation of RIG-I is critical for viral RNA detection.

94 In contrast, we demonstrate that a region of viral RNA devoid of extensive secondary structure has IR

95 Blood viral RNA does not seem to be infectious.

96 g ribozyme domains, riboswitch aptamers, and viral RNA domains with a single false positive.

97 ked to this function: the recruitment of the viral RNA during assembly and the release of the genome

98 Although viral RNA during primary infection was cleared from bloo

99 ended to assigning a 6 nt bulge from a 61 nt viral RNA element justifying its use for a wide range RN

100 ite the observation of a handful of modified viral RNAs five decades ago, very little was known about

101 e a previous prototype successfully detected viral RNA following off-chip RNA extraction from infecte

102 veillance role where they selectively engage viral RNAs for degradation to restrict a broad range of

103 d a highly sensitive approach for recovering viral RNA from degraded archival samples.

104 km away from the province of Caceres, where viral RNA from ticks was amplified in 2010.

105 ur previous hypothesis that specific dimeric viral RNA-Gag interactions are the nucleation event of i

106 Here, we show that the viral RNA genome and IN from ALLINI-treated virions are

107 Here, we show that the viral RNA genome and IN in eccentric particles are prema

108 RNA interactions allow packaging of both the viral RNA genome and IN within the protective capsid lat

109 N leads to premature degradation of both the viral RNA genome and IN, as well as the spatial separati

110 ition of HIV-1 integrase (IN) binding to the viral RNA genome by allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALL

111 The viral RNA genome carries the genetic information to new

112 xpected biological role of IN binding to the viral RNA genome during virion morphogenesis and elucida

113 second function of integrase: binding to the viral RNA genome in virion particles late in the virus r

114 e, we demonstrate that IN directly binds the viral RNA genome in virions.

115 The integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into host chromatin is the defining ste

116 assembly mechanism of the nucleocapsid (the viral RNA genome packaged by the nucleoprotein N) we pre

117 nthesis of HCV proteins for translocation of viral RNA genome to the polysomes for efficient translat

118 we show that the specific interaction of the viral RNA genome with the structural protein Gag facilit

119 es or through segmental recombination of the viral RNA genome.

120 during particle maturation by binding to the viral RNA genome.

121 g reverse transcription (RT) of the incoming viral RNA genome.

122 ns within IN that inhibit its binding to the viral RNA genome.

123 ch is the enzyme responsible for copying the viral RNA genome.

124 h enable efficient packaging of encapsidated viral RNA genomes into budding virions.

125 f coding RNAs and the mutagenic evolution of viral RNA genomes.

126 merase complex and the formation of cellular:viral RNA hybrids, which are essential RNA intermediates

127 as reduced the ability of the enzyme to copy viral RNA in a test tube.

128 The portions of the viral RNA in contact with CP subunits span the genome, c

129 process of its host to allow accumulation of viral RNA in infected cells.

130 at E13 showed markedly diminished levels of viral RNA in maternal, placental, and fetal tissues, whi

131 ic day 13 show markedly diminished levels of viral RNA in maternal, placental, and fetal tissues.

132 e predominant form of the RSE within nascent viral RNA in plant cells and when RNA is synthesized in

133 ag selects and packages a dimeric, unspliced viral RNA in the context of a large excess of cytosolic

134 ature capsid protein lattice, which encloses viral RNA in the mature state.

135 Likewise, ALLINIs impair IN binding to viral RNA in virions of wild-type, but not escape mutant

136 ' deletions greatly reduced the synthesis of viral RNA in vitro, which was detected only for the 7- a

137 1 (HIV-1) proviruses that express unspliced viral RNA in vivo or about the levels of HIV RNA express

138 samples from healthy volunteers spiked with viral RNA, inactivated virus, and infectious virus.

139 -1 virions contain two copies of full-length viral RNA, indicating that genome packaging is efficient

140 Rather, in vertebrates, viral RNAs induce a distinct defence system known as the

141 e receptor 7 (TLR7) mediates autoantigen and viral RNA-induced cytokine production.

142 These data indicate that viral RNA interfaces with host components at two differe

143 are required for efficient packaging of non-viral RNA into HIV-1 particles, although the gag sequenc

144 icosahedral viruses regulate the release of viral RNA into the host is not well understood.

145 of cellular and viral replication factors to viral RNA is conserved despite genomic deletions but tha

146 f noninfectious viruslike particles, and the viral RNA is dispensable in this process.

147 The detection of viral RNA is highly sensitive and specific, but periods

148 conformation in which the 3' terminus of the viral RNA is in the RNAP active site.

149 iency of genome packaging when a packageable viral RNA is not required for virus assembly is currentl

150 Detection of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) or viral RNA is the primary laboratory test used to diagnos

151 f mutations that replaced H42/43D or W79S in viral RNA lagged behind the appearance of high viral loa

152 he consequence of this precise regulation of viral RNA levels by PGC1alpha is a subtle increase in cy

153 Analyses of proviral and viral RNA levels demonstrate that PLVA fitness is severe

154 Ebola viral RNA levels in blood peaked at a median of 7 days a

155 as assessed in the context of viral blips or viral RNA levels in peripheral blood or gastrointestinal

156 Viral RNA levels were below limits of detection during a

157 n IFN-beta-mediated antiviral state, ExoN(-) viral RNA levels were not substantially reduced relative

158 y provides the first comparative view of the viral RNA ligands for RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2 in the presen

159 They interact with particular viral RNAs, most of them being still unknown.

160 involves generating chimaeric transcripts of viral RNAs (MS2 and PP7) and single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs),

161 Viral RNAs must successfully evade this host RNA decay m

162 or strength on Rev subcellular trafficking, viral RNA nuclear export, and infectious virion producti

163 mic abundance or distribution of full-length viral RNAs on Gag trafficking and assembly in the contex

164 ishing vRNP nuclear export without affecting viral RNA or protein expression.

165 -infected cells dependent on the presence of viral RNA or protein.

166 contrast, artificially tethering full-length viral RNAs or surrogate gag-pol mRNAs competent for Gag

167 osphorylated at multiple sites to facilitate viral RNA packaging into immature nucleocapsids (NCs) an

168 HBV virions, which is independent of either viral RNA packaging or DNA synthesis, multiple substitut

169 7 weeks following the first inoculation, but viral-RNA persistence, low-level viral protein, and mild

170 Methylation of the 5'-cap structure of viral RNAs plays important roles in genome replication a

171 ats erroneously generated by slippage of the viral RNA polymerase confer a translational advantage.

172 e identified adaptive point mutations in the viral RNA polymerase gene A24R and, surprisingly, found

173 wo distinct mutations were identified in the viral RNA polymerase gene A24R, which seem to act throug

174 opose a model in which direct binding of the viral RNA polymerase in the context of vRNPs to Pol II e

175 In this regard, the viral RNA polymerase is an attractive target that allows

176 Experimentally, we could detect small viral RNA polymerase molecules, distributed randomly amo

177 Phosphoprotein is the main cofactor of the viral RNA polymerase of Mononegavirales It is involved i

178 ndonuclease is an essential subdomain of the viral RNA polymerase.

179 ciation of nsp14 with the low-fidelity nsp12 viral RNA polymerase.

180 for Disease Control and Prevention provides viral RNA-positive controls and primer and probe nucleot

181 Viral RNA-positive tissues showed transcriptomic changes

182 ntiviral restriction factors was observed in viral RNA-positive tissues.

183 ults in a better assembly substrate than the viral RNA, producing complete capsids and outcompeting t

184 Compound 20 not only attenuated viral RNA production and displayed broad-spectrum antivi

185 in of PRRSV is involved in regulation of the viral RNA production process.

186 ich are involved in the production of excess viral (+)RNA progeny.

187 he lysine 909 acetylation in the presence of viral RNAs, promoting RIG-I sensing of viral RNAs.

188 Virus replication was determined by viral RNA quantification.

189 mma)-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) as well as viral RNA receptors of the retinoic acid-inducible gene

190 nd antiviral activity, yet the mechanisms of viral RNA recognition are unknown.

191 strategy for measuring integrated aspects of viral RNA regulatory control in individual cells.

192 ctivity, its significance for the sensing of viral RNAs remains unclear.

193 derstand the functional mechanism of NS2B in viral RNA replication and assembly.

194 ion or deletion of ACBD3 drastically impairs viral RNA replication and plaque formation.

195 ein of the arterivirus PRRSV participates in viral RNA replication and transcription through interact

196 hat the TMDs of JEV NS2B participate in both viral RNA replication and virion assembly.

197 solated NV RNA into mammalian cells leads to viral RNA replication and virus production.

198 ons affected the timing of CP expression and viral RNA replication in plants.

199 V-FLR isolate, and uniquely allowed for ZIKV viral RNA replication when compared to dengue virus (DEN

200 edicted to destabilize the helix, diminished viral RNA replication without significantly affecting AT

201 reduced cleavage efficiency did not support viral RNA replication, and only revertant viruses with a

202 protease, flavivirus NS2B also functions in viral RNA replication, as well as virion assembly.

203 involved in initiation and elongation during viral RNA replication, establish the allosteric mechanis

204 within the complex possess multiple roles in viral RNA replication, some of which can be provided in

205 with cellular and viral proteins involved in viral RNA replication, we investigated the binding of th

206 h is an RNA secondary structure required for viral RNA replication.

207 g of an RNA secondary structure required for viral RNA replication.

208 the region present in the 3' NCR to enhance viral RNA replication.

209 ral nonstructural (NS) proteins and inhibits viral RNA replication.

210 s with RNA stem-loops that are essential for viral RNA replication.

211 ntenance, and function during positive-sense viral RNA replication.

212 0 nm in diameter and known to be the site of viral RNA replication.

213 ein complex formed with proteins involved in viral RNA replication.IMPORTANCE Dilated cardiomyopathy

214 I4KB, ACBD3, and 3A are all localized to the viral-RNA replication sites.

215 tions that selectively impair its binding to viral RNA result in eccentric, non-infectious virions wi

216 ays were compared to those from conventional viral RNA reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPC

217 vance our understanding of the mechanisms in viral RNA reverse transcription.

218 n the basis of the reorganization of spliced viral RNA segments in the genome.

219 pathogen whose genome is comprised of eight viral RNA segments that replicate in the nucleus.

220 man pathogen with a genome composed of eight viral RNA segments that replicate in the nucleus.

221 vRNPs), the structures containing individual viral RNA segments, the viral polymerase, and multiple v

222 PP6C signalosome in enhancing RIG-I-mediated viral RNA sensing pathway.

223 gion undergoes deacetylation to regulate its viral RNA-sensing activity and that the HDAC6-mediated d

224 ADAR1 protects against over activation of viral RNA-sensing pathways in non-infectious tissue stre

225 onse, and antiviral mechanisms affecting the viral RNA sequence and/or an RNA modification act on vir

226 ate in this paper, using our new approach, a viral RNA sequence can be detected in less than 2 h with

227 odel shows how attempts to ablate PSs in the viral RNA sequence may result in redundant PSs already p

228 four vaccinated monkeys showed no detectable viral RNA sequences in plasma after challenge.

229 We propose that the viral RNA serves as a "measuring string" during VRC asse

230 The quantities of viral RNA shed in oropharyngeal fluid during FMDV persis

231 The mean levels of influenza viral RNA shedding in asymptomatic and paucisymptomatic

232 The duration of viral RNA shedding was shorter and declined more rapidly

233 C-PC177 caused mild diarrhea and lower fecal viral RNA shedding, with no mortality, whereas PC21A cau

234 To decipher the viral RNA signature on RLRs during viral infection, we t

235 ppresses viral accumulation by targeting the viral RNA silencing suppressor helper-component proteina

236 DR genes; RDRs 1, 2 and 6 have roles in anti-viral RNA silencing.

237 viral template capable of coding for all the viral RNA species and is thus essential to initiate and

238 s IN exhibits distinct preference for select viral RNA structural elements.

239 protocol was established to detect different viral RNA subpopulations in infected cells.

240 r antigens (EBNAs), as well as nontranslated viral RNAs, such as the EBV-encoded small nonpolyadenyla

241 ted mice and discovered three 18-22 nt small viral RNAs (svRNAs).

242 ngly, two mutations (G37L and P112A) reduced viral RNA synthesis and blocked virion assembly.

243 V IIId2 sub-domain is required for efficient viral RNA synthesis and growth of SVV, but not for IRES

244 lence of 10-del ZIKV may be due to decreased viral RNA synthesis and increased sensitivity to type-1-

245 sRNA through a process that required de novo viral RNA synthesis and shifted the ratio of viral dsRNA

246 NP is largely responsible for inhibition of viral RNA synthesis by generating recombinant viruses th

247 he potency of the compound, which suppressed viral RNA synthesis in infected cells.

248 How the formation of spherules enhances viral RNA synthesis is also not understood, although it

249 on of viral ribonucleoproteins that catalyse viral RNA synthesis is inhibited, causing decreased vira

250 The DRMs could support viral RNA synthesis on both the endogenous and exogenous

251 TRIM25 inhibition of viral RNA synthesis results from its binding to viral ri

252 TRIM25 inhibits viral RNA synthesis through a direct mechanism that is i

253 The ts mutations in the L segment decreased viral RNA synthesis, while those in the M segment delaye

254 sferase for RNA capping and a polymerase for viral RNA synthesis.

255 RNA2 were interchangeable without affecting viral RNA synthesis.

256 8A and R101A) or completely destroyed (G12L) viral RNA synthesis.

257 t RNA polymerase uses it as the template for viral RNA synthesis.

258 full-length TRIM56 by specifically targeting viral RNA synthesis.

259 Ebola virus, that has a unique mechanism of viral RNA synthesis.

260 ge viral replication machinery for efficient viral RNA synthesis.

261 face identify residues that are critical for viral RNA synthesis.

262 nt RNA polymerase (RdRp) (3D(pol)) catalyzes viral RNA synthesis.

263 vents shortly after virus entry but prior to viral RNA synthesis/replication.

264 ccurs when nascent RNA products exchange one viral RNA template for another during RNA replication.

265 Conserved RdRp motifs A-F coordinate the viral RNA template, NTPs and magnesium ions to facilitat

266 Conserved RdRp motifs A-F coordinate the viral RNA template, NTPs, and magnesium ions to facilita

267 a complex, highly structured element within viral RNA, the Rev response element (RRE), and escorts R

268 ive GG/AG mutations in pol viral DNA, but in viral RNA, there were no fixed mutations in the Gag or r

269 brane associated, whereas NP associates with viral RNA to form an RNP complex that associates with th

270 sually suppress viral replication and reduce viral RNA to undetectable levels in blood, it is unclear

271 IV-1 sequence required for heterologous, non-viral RNAs to be packaged into viral particles.

272 ms a homo-oligomeric adaptor complex linking viral RNAs to the cellular CRM1/Ran-GTP nuclear export m

273 even in the absence of gRNA binding, whether viral RNA trafficking plays an active role in the native

274 oviral replication requires that some of the viral RNAs transcribed in the cell nucleus be exported t

275 RNA polymerase that plays a critical role in viral RNA transcription and replication.

276 elevant posttranscriptional modifications of viral RNA transcripts that do not change the nucleotide

277 ar export of unspliced and partially spliced viral RNA transcripts, which encode the viral genome and

278 y to the innate immune response, and reduces viral RNA translation efficiency.

279 Influenza viruses have a segmented viral RNA (vRNA) genome, which is replicated by the vira

280 Classically, the interaction between NP and viral RNA (vRNA) is depicted as a uniform pattern of 'be

281 Newly synthesized viral RNA (vRNA) segments are exported from the nucleus

282 Influenza A virus (IAV) consists of eight viral RNA (vRNA) segments that are replicated in the hos

283 ene, showed an early surge in viral mRNA and viral RNA (vRNA) transcription that was associated with

284 inactive state and attenuate its sensing of viral RNA (vRNA).

285 ost non-self RNA sensor readily detects JUNV viral RNAs (vRNAs) during infection and activates IFN re

286 Viral RNA was also detected in saliva, urine, cerebrospi

287 red from blood plasma and urine within 10 d, viral RNA was detectable in saliva and seminal fluids un

288 Viral RNA was detected in PBMCs from all patients, but i

289 hree days after virus exposure when systemic viral RNA was detected in two out of six treated animals

290 Isolated viral RNA was enriched by hybridization with a custom no

291 Viral RNA was isolated using the Qiagen QIAamp UltraSens

292 Viral RNA was recovered during days 9 and 10 of Study I

293 n between core, E2, NS5A, NS4B proteins, and viral RNAs was quantitatively analyzed by confocal micro

294 e of multiple m(6)A editing sites on diverse viral RNAs was reported starting almost 40 years ago, ho

295 Viral RNAs were detected for 14 days after MOCV infectio

296 Large numbers of viral RNAs were detected in multiple Agaricus samples; u

297 uld render them replication defective, these viral RNAs were not differentially sequestered in cytopl

298 ficult challenge: it must sensitively detect viral RNA while ignoring the abundance of host RNA.

299 ll and repress XRN1, effectively stabilizing viral RNAs while also causing significant dysregulation

300 by eliminating or enhancing selectivity for viral RNA, with major implications for autoimmune diseas