ライフサイエンスコーパス: winter

1 light-absorptivity of ambient BrC in Beijing winter.

2 period lasting until the end of their first winter.

3 t returning to North America for the austral winter.

4 in this region are as important as clouds in winter.

5 ies out, following large population drops in winter.

6 mains inactive for several months during the winter.

7 rus-infected individuals had died during the winter.

8 age PM2.5 concentration in Xiamen during the winter.

9 Timing was delayed following one cold winter.

10 e expression of beige adipocyte genes in the winter.

11 Patient 2 was diagnosed with SHP in the winter.

12 flowering does not occur before the onset of winter.

13 ll record in at least one month in any given winter.

14 ow temperatures and water deprivation during winter.

15 nity sources in Delhi, especially during the winter.

16 ly when the upstream Kuroshio weakens during winter.

17 maintain concentrations >/=30 nmol/L during winter.

18 iffering bleaching thresholds for summer and winter.

19 mass and N loss were negligible during both winters.

20 street gutters, and catch basins during two winters.

21 imals did move extensively in other, harsher winters.

22 stations in a 385-ha woodland, during three winters.

23 mparing samples before and after the extreme winter, 14 genomic regions were differentiated in the su

24 ween seasons with the lowest values found in winter (17.48 +/- 3.98 MJ d(-1), 402 kJ kg(-0.75) d(-1))

25 Our analysis reveals that all super El Nino winters (1982/83, 1997/98, and 2015/16) were accompanied

26 Dolphin abundance was lowest during winter 2009, when dolphins had high temporary emigration

27 In winter 2013/14 a succession of storms hit the UK leading

28 predicted HO2 with M/O = 1.13 (r = 0.77) for winter 2014 and 0.90 (r = 0.97) for summer 2015.

29 2NO2 and NO2 in metropolitan Atlanta, US, in winter 2014 and summer 2015.

30 -observed ratio (M/O) of 1.27 (r = 0.54) for winter, 2014, and 0.70 (r = 0.80) for summer, 2015.

31 SAFE was done during 4 consecutive weeks in winter, 2014, in a convenience sample of 459 intensive-c

32 earlier after a week's exposure to a natural winter 9 hr 20 min:14 hr 40 min light-dark cycle as comp

33 of breaking a regional record somewhere each winter.A succession of storms during the 2013-2014 winte

34 is down-regulated by cold, and in one of the winter accessions in which this down-regulation was evid

35 In addition to anthropogenic emissions, the winter aerosol pollution over eastern China is associate

36 in the classification of seeds cultivated in winter against those in summer.

37 resent a record of late autumn through early winter air temperature and moisture source changes in Ea

38 In the Labrador Sea, intense winter air-sea heat exchange drives the formation of dee

39 stagnant moist meteorological conditions in winter, air pollutants and water vapour accumulate in a

40 Climate reconstructions reveal a strong winter amplification of the cooling over central and nor

41 l climate feedbacks were responsible for the winter amplification of the European LIA cooling.

42 through inhibiting sea-ice refreezing in the winter and accelerating the pre-melting process in the s

43 associated with clothianidin) persisted over winter and resulted in smaller colonies in the following

44 ema were highest in the northeast during the winter and south during the summer.

45 stivum) is an annual crop, cultivated in the winter and spring and susceptible to several pathogens,

46 ed cloudiness and atmospheric water vapor in winter and spring have caused an extraordinary downward

47 f differentially expressed genes between the winter and spring wheat genetic backgrounds showed a str

48 ted with the coumarin absorbances in summer, winter and spring whereas mixtures without ethanol show

49 e and national parks in the southeast during winter and spring, in the Gulf of Mexico southwards of t

50 ions in the gut communities during the early winter and spring, specifically a high relative abundanc

51 or Rossby wave breaking events during boreal winter and spring.

52 suggested competition for resources in both winter and summer but was less pronounced in recent year

53 ith three colonies of A. muricata during the winter and summer, by partially enclosing each colony in

54 sponse of two contrasting phenotypes, termed winter and summer, of four Caribbean reef corals to simi

55 imed later in the modern environment in both winter and summer.

56 ernal window, a period that marks the end of winter and the start of the growing season when rapid tr

57 The study on winter and UHT milk was small and accordingly a new stud

58 ding pairs observed across three consecutive winters and breeding seasons.

59 that survival is highest during low snowfall winters and cool summers.

60 e by moose occurred farther south during dry winters and in years with greater coverage of oilseeds.

61 With future projections of warmer, wetter winters and more severe weather events, UK butterflies c

62 cies in the region has been linked to warmer winters and snow loss.

63 N. fuscipes in the contact region during dry winters and wet springs.

64 sea surface temperatures (breeding season or winter) and local air temperatures at the nesting colony

65 shifts in community formed cool (spring and winter) and warm (summer and autumn) subgroups, indicati

66 concentrations were typically higher during winter, and these differences were exaggerated in smalle

67 ng genotypes were both necessary to confer a winter annual life history; other genotypes were rapid-c

68 We tested this prediction in winter annual plant assemblages along an aridity gradien

69 Late winter (April) body mass explained 88% of the between-ye

70 Winter Arctic sea ice extent will remain low but with a

71 uted species congregates at relatively small wintering areas and hence, these areas become a priority

72 ge on the future suitability of the species' wintering areas.

73 ed a leading role in the observed decline in winter Barents Sea SIE since 1979.

74 cates that light-absorbing organic carbon in winter Beijing, the capital of China, is mainly due to f

75 y exposure to hard domestic water and a fall/winter birth was associated with an increase in the rela

76 d domestic water and in children with a fall/winter birth.

77 t more than half is now grown during the dry winter (boro) season and requires irrigation.

78 changes across seasons, with depletion over winter, but increases fastest in periods of transition b

79 size of their braincases in anticipation of winter by an average of 15.3%.

80 ht climate, temperature and water viscosity, winter calm and summer (iceberg and storm) disturbance a

81 trations; elevated PCB-101 concentrations in winter can be explained by the high frequency of this tr

82 Winter cereals require prolonged cold to transition from

83 s of temperate zone woody species, with high winter chilling requirements in species from regions whe

84 rom regions with high STV indeed have higher winter chilling requirements, and, when grown under the

85 NALIZATION INSENSITIVE3 (VIN3) is induced by winter cold and is essential to vernalization response i

86 Vernalization is a response to winter cold to initiate flowering in spring.

87 We modeled lags as a function of both winter coldness and snow depth, both of which are expect

88 ds had 16% higher probability to survive the winter compared to residents.

89 wing an expansion of the biological night in winter compared to summer, akin to that seen in non-huma

90 Winter conditions are rapidly changing in temperate ecos

91 uce effluent suitable for anammox even under winter conditions in mild climates.

92 ds from larger colonies or with poorer local winter conditions migrating further and visiting less-pr

93 in EU and EA, and under experimentally short winter conditions NA species required 84% more spring wa

94 mate in Europe, only a handful has addressed winter conditions, and most of these are restricted in l

95 trategy that allows animals to survive harsh winter conditions.

96 tions and protect public health during harsh winter conditions.

97 Winter contributions and sources of annual N and P loads

98 multi-decadal variability through decreased winter convection depths since the mid-1990s, a weakenin

99 ice loss does not lead to Northern European winter cooling and daily cold extremes actually decrease

100 fertilizer management and the inclusion of a winter cover crop between corn and soybean mitigate the

101 three N fertilizer inputs with and without a winter cover crop in Iowa, USA.

102 MSOY8200) soybean seeds, sown at summer and winter cultivation periods are investigated using four m

103 arture and arrival dates were not related to winter daily temperature, total winter precipitation, an

104 djacent stream of 6574 to 40008 kg Cl(-) per winter, depending on winter snowfall.

105 dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with higher winter DOC in smaller lakes.

106 The impact of brumation, the winter dormancy that is observed in ectotherms, on memor

107 ine particulate matter pollution episodes in winter during persistent cold-air pools (PCAPs).

108 onger for patients with symptom debut in the winter/early spring.

109 Relatively little is known of winter ecology in these systems, due to a historical res

110 Keratolytic winter erythema (KWE) is a rare autosomal-dominant skin

111 primarily from coal combustion activities in winter, especially from the residential sector.

112 In contrast, corals in winter exhibit symbionts with higher capacity to photoac

113 To determine the winter export of N and P, we monitored stormwater outflo

114 Winter fasting in hibernators shifts the microbiota to f

115 to the altered nutritional landscape during winter fasting may provide insights into protective mech

116 ociated with polar warming have led to later winter floods around the North Sea and some sectors of t

117 ier soil moisture maxima have led to earlier winter floods in western Europe.

118 in summers following bankfull, bed-scouring winter floods.

119 over three weeks was conducted in summer and winter for each city and covered each system on a daily

120 Furthermore, winter foraging exclusion increased soil cellulolytic an

121 ensity, a greater beta-diversity response to winter foraging exclusion was observed.

122 Winter foraging intensity was associated with reduced ba

123 We employ measurements throughout an entire winter from different elevations to examine the chemical

124 and energy expenditure increasing when birds winter further north in colder waters.

125 mply did not perform a seasonal migration to wintering grounds during the mild winter of 2006-2007, e

126 rly equal time periods in their breeding and wintering grounds in Greenland and Central/South America

127 Above-average temperatures at the wintering grounds lead to higher population growth, prim

128 s of density and weather at the breeding and wintering grounds on population growth rate.

129 winter temperature and precipitation on the wintering grounds would advance pelican spring migration

130 xteen accessions were identified as the most winter-hardy for their ability to survive in all nine fi

131 These winter-hardy germplasms and frost tolerance associated m

132 a vital role in marker-assisted breeding for winter-hardy pea cultivar.

133 Our study of the 2012-13 winter haze events in Beijing shows that atmospheric wat

134 patial context before, during, and after the winter holidays among aggregated physician medical claim

135 Winter holidays delay seasonal influenza epidemic peaks

136 Winter holidays reduced influenza transmission and delay

137 During winter holidays, potential disease-causing contact and t

138 The full-length winter Hvvrn1 allele was strongly down-regulated, and fl

139 cal migrants that breed in North America and winter in Central America occur in high concentrations o

140 urrence for 21 forest passerine species that winter in Central America.

141 tion is more severe and prominent during the winter in north China due to seasonal variations in ener

142 alea leucorodia), comparing individuals that winter in south-west Europe against those migrating to s

143 arkets over a six-month period in summer and winter in two regions of the UK.

144 ge migrations via the Strait of Gibraltar to winter in West Africa; this adult male was photographed

145 respiratory panel (RVP) during 3 consecutive winters in Montreal, Canada.

146 migratory red-crowned crane population that winters in the Yellow River Delta and can help inform vi

147 ere found in monsoonal wet deposition in the winter Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka.

148 t to which the use of saline wetlands during winter - inferred from feather stable isotope values - i

149 subset of lakes that had longer time series, winter influenced the subsequent summer for some nutrien

150 n until the spring, allowing plants to avoid winter injuries of flower buds that commonly occur in te

151 he first three years after a HL diagnosis in winter is significantly increased compared to a HL diagn

152 the northern California Current (NCC) during winter (January-March) 2015 and 2016 were the highest ob

153 y productivity is negatively associated with wintering latitude, population size, and migration dista

154 .A succession of storms during the 2013-2014 winter led to record flooding in the UK.

155 GVMs, simulated relationships between k and winter length in boreal forests are not consistent betwe

156 eet sweeping could be an important source to winter loads of N and P.

157 influenza cases occurring during the austral winter (May-September).

158 Our data demonstrate that winter melt events contribute a high percentage of annua

159 nd earlier studies showed organic summer and winter milk to be significantly lower in iodine than con

160 icate decline of 1.5-2 microM throughout the winter mixed layer during the last 25 years.

161 xpressed in both head and abdomen during the winter months and was moderately expressed during the ra

162 sed on parent-collected nasal swabs over the winter months.

163 ing but southern-adapted varieties have high winter mortality.

164 nal milk (n=14) and pasture milk (n=20) from winter (n=22) and summer (n=22).

165 ncy summer and spring NAO, and low-frequency winter NAO components are highly correlated to continent

166 is proposed for the seasonal forecast of the winter NAO that exhibits higher skill than current dynam

167 e limited skill in seasonal forecasts of the winter NAO.

168 Our nighttime warming treatment increased winter nighttime air temperatures by an average of 1.1 d

169 We used intensive winter (non-breeding season) resightings of colour-ringe

170 jor discrepancies in the spatial patterns of winter Northern Hemisphere sea ice concentration trends

171 ially high rates of respiration during early winter (October through December).

172 gration to wintering grounds during the mild winter of 2006-2007, even though some of these same anim

173 Extensive flooding occurred during the winter of 2013-14 in England.

174 During the winter of 2013-2014, the southeastern United States endu

175 significant respiratory pathogen during the winter of 2014-2015 in Lancaster, we confirm previous ob

176 ampling (n = 148) in Lancaster, UK, over the winter of 2014-2015.

177 of Alaska experienced a CPV outbreak in the winter of 2016 leading to the further investigation of t

178 e growth is dependent on the successful over-wintering of the rhizomes.

179 spitals in Boston, Massachusetts, during the winters of 2010-2015.

180 k occurred in the colder habitats, while the winters of 2012-2013 and 2015-2016 featured more Snook o

181 During the winters of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 a greater proportion

182 The warm winters of recent years interfere with this process and

183 Field experiments during late winter on Picea abies growing at the alpine timberline r

184 tumn (October) weather, reflecting delays in winter onset, but most strongly, and negatively, related

185 As NAO- events are associated with colder winters over Northern Europe, a negatively shifted NAO h

186 imit the effect of climate change on average winter P loads in three catchments across the UK.

187 During the fall/winter, participants in the highest quartile of turkey i

188 ausing seedling death and yield reduction in winter pea.

189 mer periods was equal to, if not lower than, winter periods.

190 that the effect of climate change on average winter phosphorus loads (predicted increase up to 30% by

191 Short winter phytoplankton pulses were observed to disappear f

192 l mortality risk conferred by a diagnosis in winter (pinteraction0.033).

193 Winter polar hot-spots have been observed on other plane

194 phere, initiating south-polar subsidence and winter polar vortex formation.

195 ong seasonal effects, including formation of winter polar vortices.

196 heric nitrogen (N) deposition, and increased winter precipitation on plant community structure and ab

197 t related to winter daily temperature, total winter precipitation, and detrended vegetation green-up

198 ding grounds are characterized by increasing winter precipitation, higher temperatures, and the conve

199 issions, especially for annual or spring and winter precipitation.

200 ECE hydroclimate and examine NAO impacts on winter precipitation.

201 e expected to dry via decreased frequency of winter precipitation.

202 d, fertilized plots that received additional winter precipitation.

203 ternal perturbations such as climate, severe winters, predators, parasites, or the combined effect of

204 how that intraseasonal variability in boreal winter pressure patterns over the Central North Pacific

205 the induction of stilbenoid metabolism after winter pruning including a strong accumulation of E-resv

206 r (13.0% vs. 11.0%) in plots receiving added winter rain relative to controls, and VWC was slightly h

207 microbial community to elk (Cervus elaphus) winter range occupancy across a long-term foraging exclu

208 Thus, future changes in winter range occupancy may shape biogeochemical processe

209 t began breeding 35 years ago in its regular wintering range in Argentina [6], subsequently expanding

210 rgest gas fields in the USA overlap critical winter ranges.

211 ruitment rates, particularly within seasonal winter ranges.

212 min D [S-25(OH)D; i.e., >/=50 nmol/L] during winter regardless of latitude and skin color.In a longit

213 We show that competition and local winter resource availability are important drivers of mi

214 endo-, and ecodormancy in summer, fall, and winter, respectively.

215 gether, these results imply increasing early winter respiration and net annual emission of CO2 in Ala

216 Early winter respiration was not well simulated by the Earth S

217 From a historical perspective, freezing winters resulting in fewer available resources contribut

218 with a fall (RP, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.17-1.31) or winter (RP, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11-1.25) birth, no significa

219 Ice creams made with IBPs (both from winter rye, and type III IBP) had aggregates of ice crys

220 iments to show that interannual variation in winter salinity levels in San Francisco Bay controls the

221 93% of winter samples and 89% of summer samples were correctly

222 iability in causing the observed Barents Sea winter sea ice extent (SIE) decline since 1979.

223 enhanced release of oceanic heat has reduced winter sea-ice formation at a rate now comparable to los

224 rees N, 80.3 degrees E, 142 m amsl) during a winter season (December 2015 to February 2016).

225 pesticide application seasons and during the winter season as a control.

226 The boreal winter season-when most of the CA precipitation increase

227 uch as northern China, especially during the winter season.

228 affect the positive correlations seen in the winter season.

229 We estimated home ranges for two winter seasons that ranged between 7.68 and 9.88 km(2),

230 theast Asia region during the autumn and the winter seasons, while a negative correlation was identif

231 the city of Jerusalem over a period of three winter seasons.

232 es C (</=7 days duration), or both, over two winter seasons.

233 ty, where aversion to well pads decreased as winter severity increased.

234 avoidance behavior, however, was mediated by winter severity, where aversion to well pads decreased a

235 if their response to disturbance varied with winter severity.

236 IP5 externally forced decline in Barents Sea winter SIE is much weaker than that observed.

237 atches, at High Arctic sites with sufficient winter snow cover and ample water supply during summer f

238 As the climate warms, a transition from winter snow to rain in high latitudes will cause signifi

239 ncrease in summer temperature and decline in winter snowfall.

240 4 to 40008 kg Cl(-) per winter, depending on winter snowfall.

241 the positive demographic effects of reduced winter snowfall.

242 Management that targets important winter sources such as tree leaves could be highly effec

243 Winter-sown oilseed rape was grown commercially with eit

244 r temperatures much more in the wMed (during winter/spring) than in the eMed (during summer).

245 nsistent with intensification of the Pacific winter storm track in response to North Atlantic freshwa

246 oods throughout northeastern Europe; delayed winter storms associated with polar warming have led to

247 previous dry periods, precipitation-inducing winter storms were steered away from California by a per

248 blishing seedlings are physically removed by winter storms.

249 nic matter, and organic nitrogen, whereas in winter, streams were high in phaeopigments.

250 ment in preparation for a wide range of over-winter stresses.

251 Lake size also influenced winter-summer patterns for dissolved organic carbon (DOC

252 However, whether winter supplementation of vitamin D reduces the risk amo

253 l also provides skilful seasonal outlooks of winter surface temperature and precipitation over many r

254 Cold acclimation and winter survival in cereal species is determined by compl

255 ch can be exploited in the future to improve winter survival in switchgrass.

256 -function missense mutations cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome (BRWS), characterized by intellectual di

257 also tested the hypothesis that increases in winter temperature and precipitation on the wintering gr

258 on the life stages of the species surveyed, winter temperature appears to act through overwinter mor

259 ation differentiation for height growth with winter temperature at the site of origin.

260 projected increases in temperature and that winter temperature may be broadly important for species

261 e the snow-rain threshold (>0 degrees C mean winter temperature).

262 cated that the southern limit is set by high winter temperatures above the physiological tolerance of

263 Mild winter temperatures across Arctic intercontinental land

264 as of C. gattii but is more tolerant to cold winter temperatures and summer precipitations.

265 h America is an excellent test case, as mean winter temperatures are currently at the snow-rain thres

266 virus (DENV) transmission is limited by low winter temperatures in the mainland United States, which

267 n affected areas, and more common where mean winter temperatures is at or above the snow-rain thresho

268 al commercial fishery landings revealed that winter temperatures may also impact several important fi

269 We found that winter temperatures were particularly useful for explain

270 ased winter water balance and abnormally low winter temperatures, respectively.

271 eriencing frequent frosts in autumn or early winter tended to cease growth earlier in the autumn, pot

272 Particularly higher risks were observed in winter than in summer.

273 of the microbial assembly are stronger under winter than summer conditions and inhibit the recruitmen

274 In winter, the most intense signals were obtained for the l

275 However in winter, the presence of snow masks the influence of the

276 n regions that are regularly snow covered in winter, there is little hydro-climatologic knowledge in

277 ogeochemistry of ecosystems, both during the winter-to-spring transition and throughout the rest of t

278 frost and drought stress, shed new light on winter tree physiology.

279 more abundant under ice than expected; mean winter values were 43.2% of summer values for chlorophyl

280 ound in spring wheat varieties compared with winter varieties.

281 in the eastern Eurasian Basin have increased winter ventilation in the ocean interior, making this re

282 parts of the range and positive responses to winter warming especially in milder areas.

283 erage soil volumetric water content (VWC) in winter was slightly but significantly higher (13.0% vs.

284 forest productivity, likely due to decreased winter water balance and abnormally low winter temperatu

285 We show that winter wave energy equalled or exceeded measured histori

286 A key determinant of winter weather and climate in Europe and North America i

287 esponses in crowns of field-grown spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes and their nea

288 -wide association study on a set of 185 U.S. winter wheat accessions using single nucleotide polymorp

289 sponsible for PM resistance in a set of U.S. winter wheat and identify DNA markers in these regions,

290 temperature rises, cotton, rice, sorghum and winter wheat are more likely to be chosen.

291 Winter wheat parents 'Harry' (drought tolerant) and 'Wes

292 Most of the QTLs in the US winter wheat population have been reported previously, b

293 We also find that barley, sorghum, winter wheat, spring wheat and hay are more likely to be

294 in flours of barley, rye, oat, durum wheat, winter wheat, Triticum dicoccum and Triticum monococcum.

295 re likely new QTLs for PM resistance in U.S. winter wheat.

296 e high frequency of this transport regime in winter, whereas PCB-101 concentrations are low when air

297 lier planting of crops after relatively warm winters, which were more common in recent years.

298 Conversely, warm spells in winter with rainfall (rain-on-snow) can cause 'icing', r

299 Warmer winters with less snow resulted in longer lags and a mor

300 s were greener and more productive following winters with south-shifted storm tracks, while Canadian