ライフサイエンスコーパス: wolf

1 nonhuman primates (including chimpanzees) or wolves .

2 s (saber-toothed cats) and Canis dirus (dire wolves).

3 Breeds share a common ancestor, the gray wolf.

4 in dogs and their wild progenitor, the grey wolf.

5 rmed aCGH in a panel of 17 breeds and a gray wolf.

6 n 1,375 dogs (representing 35 breeds) and 19 wolves.

7 n the presence of larger carnivores, such as wolves.

8 heory and data from the study of Yellowstone wolves.

9 of the Ivolgin mandibles were identified as wolves.

10 ell as diet and feeding behavior, of ancient wolves.

11 l samples) declined with the ratio of elk to wolves.

12 monophyletic clade sharing no sequences with wolves.

13 dogs have 2-3% higher genetic load than gray wolves.

14 nces from breed dogs, village dogs, and gray wolves.

15 arvest coincided with the breeding season of wolves.

16 using a 26-year dataset of 387 radiocollared wolves.

17 African and Eurasian golden jackals and gray wolves.

18 ing at least 15,000 y ago from Eurasian gray wolves.

19 mandibles be reliably identified as dogs or wolves?

20 We then tested how extrinsic (climate, elk/wolf abundance) and intrinsic (age) factors affected the

21 ollowing a severe winter, in years of higher wolf abundance, and with increasing age.

22 isolates: Ad1 ATCC, Ad1 Kmetz, Ad2 ATCC, Ad2 Wolf, Ad5 ATCC, Ad5 McEwen, Ad6 ATCC, Ad 19 ATCC, and Ad

23 sal is considered the principal way in which wolves adjust their numbers to prey supply or compensate

24 Bonduriansky's sexual antagonism theory; and Wolf and Hager's maternal-offspring coadaptation theory.

25 eories about the ancestry of the Great Lakes wolf and red wolf using an analysis of haplotype blocks

26 estication of small dog breeds from the gray wolf and there is evidence that transposable elements we

27 ored that of group-hunting predators such as wolves and chimpanzees (n = 1,382 cases), hostile takeov

28 ct hierarchical population units within gray wolves and coyotes that correspond with geographic and e

29 e highly admixed varieties derived from gray wolves and coyotes, respectively.

30 originated from a substantial number of gray wolves and dog breeds define distinct genetic units that

31 me to recalibrate the molecular timescale of wolves and dogs and find that the mutation rate is subst

32 Here we tested similarly raised wolves and dogs in a cooperative string-pulling task wit

33 rged from the common ancestor of present-day wolves and dogs very close in time to the appearance of

34 d is followed by the divergence of Old World wolves and dogs, confirming that the dog was domesticate

35 However, the socioecology of wolves and dogs, with the former relying more heavily on

36 ages indicated episodes of admixture between wolves and dogs.

37 morphological change are largely similar in wolves and domestic dogs, but differ in two ways.

38 ation in the frequency of encounters between wolves and individual elk, the risk of predation was not

39 hic cascade involving increased predation by wolves and other large carnivores on elk, a reduced and

40 lf (Canis lupus), by simultaneously tracking wolves and the behaviour, body fat, and pregnancy of elk

41 was nonlinear as litter size peaked at eight wolves and then declined, and litter survival increased

42 ent heterozygosity is higher in dogs than in wolves and, on average, dogs have 2-3% higher genetic lo

43 different species: C. anthus (African golden wolf) and C. aureus (Eurasian golden jackal).

44 dding for Ad1 ATCC, Ad1 Kmetz, Ad2 ATCC, Ad2 Wolf, and Ad6 ATCC did not differ statistically from Ad5

45 -Beringian wolves was shared with any modern wolf, and instead they appear most closely related to La

46 alyses of mitochondrial sequences from dogs, wolves, and a geographically diverse collection of CTVT

47 o), saber-toothed cats, American lions, dire wolves, and coyotes competed for prey resources at Ranch

48 e coyote, Canis latrans, and in Italian gray wolves, and hence our results demonstrate how traits sel

49 isons were made between similar studies with wolves, and inferences were drawn about the relationship

50 When wolves approached within 1 km, elk increased their rates

51 Remarkably, the Late Pleistocene wolves are genetically unique and morphologically distin

52 When wolves are present, elk alter their grouping patterns, v

53 s red foxes outnumber coyotes in areas where wolves are present.

54 ion capabilities of coyotes into areas where wolves are sporadically distributed or at low densities.

55 tively hunting large carnivores, such as the wolf, are more likely transmitted by consumptive effects

56 trol region sequences were analyzed from 162 wolves at 27 localities worldwide and from 140 domestic

57 availability or high removal rates maintain wolves at lower densities, limited inter-pack interactio

58 igrees and estimate recruitment in groups of wolves before and after harvest in Idaho, USA.

59 tors of dogs were separated from present-day wolves before the Last Glacial Maximum.

60 ape of some dog breeds with that of juvenile wolves begs the question if and how ontogenetic changes

61 ts this comes from domestication rather than wolf behaviour, perhaps involving something as simple as

62 itter survival increased rapidly up to three wolves, beyond which it increased more gradually.

63 f VP2 gene sequences from puma, coyote, gray wolf, bobcat, raccoon, and striped skunk revealed two ma

64 igation strategies for foxes, dogs, coyotes, wolves, bobcats, mountain lions, bears, and birds (buzza

65 For example, in North America, grey wolves Canis lupus are known to kill coyotes Canis latra

66 iation in prey composition and kill rate for wolves Canis lupus living on the Northern Range (NR) of

67 size and group size/composition in Ethiopian wolves Canis simensis in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia, u

68 The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is a widely distributed top predator

69 The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is one of the few large predators to

70 (Petromyzon marinus) tracked for 12 h and a wolf (Canis lupus) tracked for 1 year.

71 fects (NCEs) of an active predator, the grey wolf (Canis lupus), by simultaneously tracking wolves an

72 eder turnover in cooperatively breeding grey wolves (Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758).

73 easured postcranial skeletal morphologies of wolves (Canis lupus) and coyotes (C. latrans) from Pleis

74 context between dogs (Canis familiaris) and wolves (Canis lupus) has led some researchers to conclud

75 y, recruitment and population growth of grey wolves (Canis lupus) in Denali National Park and Preserv

76 e 14 years of data from a long-term study of wolves (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone National Park, USA,

77 at use for 732 moose (Alces alces) killed by wolves (Canis lupus) over a 50-year period in Isle Royal

78 We explored multiple linkages among grey wolves (Canis lupus), elk (Cervus elaphus), berry-produc

79 In wolves (Canis lupus), empirical evidence for density-dep

80 golden jackals aligned more closely to gray wolves (Canis lupus), which is surprising given the abse

81 , vigilance, and foraging in the presence of wolves (Canis lupus).

82 rcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) among grey wolves (Canis lupus).

83 However, melanism in the gray wolf, Canis lupus, is caused by a different melanocortin

84 sfully SNP-genotyped 87%, 80% and 97% of the wolf, cat and bear samples, respectively.

85 vering wolf" display, in which one item (the wolf) chased continuously, but its goal (i.e., the sheep

86 ailable for download at ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/wolf/COGs/COGsoft/.

87 Whereas wolves coordinated their actions so as to simultaneously

88 ic study using ontogenetic series of dog and wolf crania, and samples of dogs with relatively ancestr

89 The introduction of wolf culls in the US actually increased poaching activit

90 isms are likely weak due to artificially low wolf densities.

91 one National Park, we assessed the effect of wolf density, prey abundance and population structure, a

92 elanistic K locus mutation in North American wolves derives from past hybridization with domestic dog

93 , and rather support the idea that dogs' and wolves' different social ecologies played a role in affe

94 Nevertheless, wolves disappeared from northern North America in the La

95 Human subjects were exposed to a "wavering wolf" display, in which one item (the wolf) chased conti

96 or a distance of up to 200 km on the edge of wolf distribution, there is a transition zone where the

97 , uniquely adapted, and genetically distinct wolf ecomorph suffered extinction in the Late Pleistocen

98 In a recent issue of Cell, Wolf et al. (2016) report that detection of the N-acetyl

99 Wolf et al. propose a model to explain the existence of

100 es formation (reviewed by Noor and Feder and Wolf et al.).

101 in genotyping noninvasive samples from grey wolves, European wildcats and brown bears, and we compar

102 that resemble those of consistently younger wolves, even in dog breeds that do not exhibit a 'juveni

103 rn human hunter-gatherers, who competed with wolves for limited prey but also domesticated them, lead

104 draft genome sequence from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taimyr Peninsula in northern Siberia.

105 ce of genetic diversity for dogs rather than wolves from east Asia, as suggested by mitochondrial DNA

106 ion of multi-locus haplotypes unique to grey wolves from the Middle East, indicating that they are a

107 We use the directly dated ancient wolf genome to recalibrate the molecular timescale of wo

108 dogs and wolves, with up to 25% of Eurasian wolf genomes showing signs of dog ancestry.

109 a to test whether the presence or absence of wolves has caused a continent-wide shift in coyote and r

110 European wolves have a discontinuous range, with large and connec

111 All extant wolves have a surprisingly recent common ancestry and ex

112 y coyotes outnumber red foxes in areas where wolves have been extirpated by humans, whereas red foxes

113 years later and across territory where gray wolves have been historically absent and remnant red wol

114 Ecological interpretations of the wolves have generated a significant amount of debate abo

115 Since their introduction in 1995 and 1996, wolves have had effects on Yellowstone that ripple acros

116 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a contiguous gene dele

117 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a deletion syndrome ca

118 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a genetic disease with

119 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation syndrom

120 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a multiple malformatio

121 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a multiple malformatio

122 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is defined by a collectio

123 uding fibroblasts derived from patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS).

124 It is a determinant in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and is overexpressed in human m

125 amily members can lead to Sotos syndrome and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome as well as cancers such as acut

126 ed the role of the histone methyltransferase Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (WHSC1) (NSD2/MMSET

127 n of the multiple myeloma set domain (MMSET) Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 gene, which contain

128 studies have shown the involvement of MMSET/Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 in development, its

129 (14) and multiple myeloma SET domain protein/Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate gene 1 from der(4).

130 oss of Letm1 contributes to the pathology of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in humans and may contribute to

131 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a well-known clinical entity

132 We propose that Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome results from a defect in the DD

133 in responding to replication stress, linking Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome to the DNA damage response (DDR

134 otein 1 (Letm1), one of the genes deleted in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, encodes a putative mitochondri

135 ase gene, but also for genes associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, polycystic kidney disease and

136 implicated in symptoms of the human disease Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

137 the occurrence of epilepsy in patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

138 egans mutant that could serve as a model for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

139 to the complex phenotype associated with the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

140 gene may play a role in the phenotype of the Wolf-Hirschhorn/Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome.

141 owstone region developed hypersensitivity to wolf howls.

142 hich is surprising given the absence of gray wolves in Africa and the phenotypic divergence between t

143 e three largest European populations of grey wolves in comparison with other populations worldwide, a

144 e mothers who lost juveniles to recolonizing wolves in North America's Yellowstone region developed h

145 Using 13 years of data on 280 collared wolves in Yellowstone National Park, we assessed the eff

146 Wolves, in contrast, did not hesitate to manipulate the

147 and grizzly bears whereby, in the absence of wolves, increases in elk numbers would increase browsing

148 Together, these data suggest that wolves indirectly affect the reproductive physiology and

149 Harvest of breeding wolves is a highly contentious conservation and manageme

150 The divergence between New and Old World wolves is the earliest branching event and is followed b

151 lled prey and the age and sex composition of wolf-killed elk Cervus elaphus (the primary prey for NR

152 The species composition of wolf-killed prey and the age and sex composition of wolf

153 nsation effectively eliminated a competitive Wolf-Kishner reduction to fluorotoluenes, which was obse

154 From a large wolf-like progenitor, unparalleled diversity in phenotyp

155 c dog to assay variation in over 48K loci in wolf-like species worldwide.

156 nce of introgression from the archaic Taimyr wolf lineage into present-day dog breeds from northeast

157 Associations of dog haplotypes with other wolf lineages indicated episodes of admixture between wo

158 ds in the local group dwarf irregular galaxy Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM), which has a metallicity tha

159 ectly classifies 99.5% of the modern dog and wolf mandibles.

160 roup of breeds that is genetically closer to wolves may show different behavioral characteristics whe

161 predicted computationally using the Jameson-Wolf method.

162 s; 95% CI, 0.57 to 5.18) and the time on the Wolf Motor Function Test (difference, -8.10 seconds; 95%

163 Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Fugl-Meyer Motor Ass

164 ed upper limb function, as measured with the Wolf motor function test (WMFT) and the motor activity l

165 mance measured by total time to complete the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) at the end of the 2 week

166 The Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), a measure of laboratory

167 Secondary outcomes were scores on the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Stroke Impact Scale.

168 tcome was 12-month change in log-transformed Wolf Motor Function Test time score (WMFT, consisting of

169 Upper Extremity and Lower Extremity scales, Wolf Motor Function Test, Action Research Arm Test, Ten-

170 ffects of domestication, we compared captive wolves (n = 12) and dogs (n = 14) living in packs under

171 Our results suggest a continuous decline in wolf numbers in Europe since the Late Pleistocene, and l

172 ear most closely related to Late Pleistocene wolves of Eurasia.

173 cate that CTVT most likely originated from a wolf or an East Asian breed of dog between 200 and 2500

174 We observed that wolves outperformed dogs in their ability to follow caus

175 ulling task with conspecifics and found that wolves outperformed dogs, despite comparable levels of i

176 bsence on morphological change in coyotes or wolves over long periods of time.

177 The age/sex composition of wolf packs is more closely related to territory quality

178 Wolf packs with restricted access to good foraging habit

179 ly explicit home range model for interacting wolf packs.

180 ia in large groups that have been likened to wolf packs.

181 ix successive patients, none of whom had the Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, recurrent episodes of par

182 fied as the number of ungulates acquired per wolf per day, and least during summer when kill rate was

183 e was quantified as the biomass acquired per wolf per day.

184 Jameson-Wolf plots were used to predict putative high-antigenici

185 ted with territory size, while prey density, wolf population density and intruder pressure are not as

186 However, no single wolf population is more closely related to dogs, support

187 size and survival decreased with increasing wolf population size and canine distemper outbreaks.

188 hesis that dogs were derived from an extinct wolf population.

189 recent divergence between dogs and worldwide wolf populations [13, 15, 17-19].

190 ons for understanding how the restoration of wolf populations across North America could potentially

191 In 11 gray wolf populations and one coyote population, we find that

192 nt mechanisms have the potential to regulate wolf populations at high ungulate densities.

193 diversity, although interbreeding with local wolf populations clearly occurred elsewhere in the early

194 Repeated genetic exchange between dog and wolf populations may have been an important source of va

195 ern Canada, where hybridization with remnant wolf populations was common.

196 to date have primarily focused on exploited wolf populations, in which density-dependent mechanisms

197 y influence differences in body size between wolf populations.

198 differences between Pleistocene and Holocene wolf populations.

199 in Eastern and Western Eurasia from distinct wolf populations.

200 t-day dogs is derived from multiple regional wolf populations.

201 ival probability), individuals did not avoid wolf predation risk to the extent that would minimize mo

202 Patterns of wolf predation were influenced by the nutritional condit

203 y involving woodland caribou subject to grey wolf predation, DeCesare et al. (2014) show that while p

204 Overall, the effect of wolf presence on elk reproduction is better explained by

205 tributions from multiple populations of gray wolves probably through backcrossing.

206 ve acquired a more tolerant temperament than wolves, promoting cooperative interactions with humans a

207 such as TargetP, LOCtree, PA-SUB, MultiLoc, WoLF PSORT, Plant-PLoc, and our newly created All-Plant

208 roteome Analyst, PSORT, PSORT II, SubLoc and WoLF PSORT.

209 An LBV-like outburst of a Wolf-Rayet star could be invoked, but this would be the

210 gest that the progenitor was a carbon-oxygen Wolf-Rayet star embedded within a helium-rich circumstel

211 mposed of an LBV that erupted in 2004, and a Wolf-Rayet star exploding as SN 2006jc, could explain th

212 The explosive fate of massive Wolf-Rayet stars (WRSs) is a key open question in stella

213 greater than 25 to 30 solar masses end up as Wolf-Rayet stars, which are deficient in hydrogen in the

214 We identify Wolf-Rayet-like wind signatures, suggesting a progenitor

215 bility and consumption by grizzly bears post-wolf reintroduction are flawed and tenuous at best.

216 grizzly bear scats to elk densities prior to wolf reintroduction during a time of increasing elk dens

217 fruit in grizzly bear scats was higher after wolf reintroduction in July (0.3% vs. 5.9%) and August (

218 For a period after wolf reintroduction, we calculated the percentage fruit

219 ems accessible to ungulates originated since wolf reintroduction, while protected serviceberry growin

220 bear diet would be greater after than before wolf reintroduction.

221 these results to scat data collected before wolf reintroduction.

222 e exclosure originated both before and after wolf reintroduction.

223 To address questions about wolf relationships to each other and dogs, we assembled

224 We used noninvasive genetic sampling at wolf rendezvous sites to construct pedigrees and estimat

225 nfluence of these different-level factors on wolf reproductive success followed individual > group >

226 ree other control displays, we find that the wolf's changing intentions gave rise to strong selective

227 ebral blood vessels, further confirming that Wolf's vasogenic theory may not be true.

228 the three replicates (except one locus in a wolf sample).

229 s, predicts that at least with conspecifics, wolves should cooperate better than dogs.

230 Sequences from both dogs and wolves showed considerable diversity and supported the h

231 In two articles by Wolf Singer, published in TINS in 1994 and 1997, brief a

232 he fox-sized Ichthyolestes pinfoldi, and the wolf-sized Pakicetus attocki.

233 The attack-behavior of a native wolf spider (Camptocosa parallela), a major nocturnal pr

234 The pond wolf spider (PWS, Pardosa pseudoannulata) is one of the

235 ucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata), wolf spider (Tigrosa helluo), and nursery web spider (Pi

236 I and II, were identified from venom of the wolf spider Lycosa carolinensis (Araneae: Lycosidae) by

237 trials during which subadult females of the wolf spider Schizocosa uetzi were allowed to interact wi

238 were analyzed for Ce content or were fed to wolf spiders (family Lycosidae).

239 strate that the mating preferences of female wolf spiders can be acquired through exposure as subadul

240 , beetle feeding increased with temperature, wolf spiders were always effective predators, nursery we

241 Cucumber beetles and wolf spiders were equally heat tolerant (CTM50 > 40 degr

242 ecific aggression is a major driver of adult wolf survival in northern Yellowstone, suggesting intrin

243 ation in the right pSTS, compared with (1) a wolf that chases with a single unchanging intention, (2)

244 ul example of this strategy in the Ethiopian wolf, the world's rarest canid, which persists in small

245 Dogs have influenced the recent history of wolves through admixture and vice versa, potentially enh

246 We examined the evolution of coyotes and wolves through time from the late Pleistocene, during wh

247 anges in the average environment will affect wolves to a greater extent than changes in how variable

248 results suggest that a trophic cascade from wolves to elk to berry production to berry consumption b

249 the ancestry of the Great Lakes wolf and red wolf using an analysis of haplotype blocks across all 38

250 elk Cervus elaphus (the primary prey for NR wolves) varied among seasons.

251 a sample of 20 Pleistocene eastern-Beringian wolves was shared with any modern wolf, and instead they

252 Our results show that Middle Eastern wolves were a critical source of genome diversity, altho

253 ave been historically absent and remnant red wolves were extirpated in the 1970s.

254 After wolves were reintroduced and with a reduced elk populati

255 isotopic data suggest that eastern-Beringian wolves were specialized hunters and scavengers of extinc

256 diversity and supported the hypothesis that wolves were the ancestors of dogs.

257 everity, moose density and ratio of moose to wolves, which is an index of predation risk.

258 tant blood-seeking predators, Stable fly and Wolf, while evoking avoidance responses in the prey spec

259 In this study, we found that wolves who were raised by humans do not show these same

260 e found extensive admixture between dogs and wolves, with up to 25% of Eurasian wolf genomes showing