ライフサイエンスコーパス: zein

1 ritionally limited storage proteins known as zein.

2 at FL1 DUF593 interacts with the 22-kD alpha-zein.

3 hem interacted strongly with the 10-kD delta-zein.

4 nteraction has a stabilizing effect on delta-zein.

5 interaction of resveratrol with gliadin and zein.

6 her temperatures, which was not observed for zein.

7 lloidal particles prepared from food protein-zein.

8 y, and a soft, floury endosperm deficient in zeins.

9 indicating their hypostatic action to gamma-zeins.

10 ptides, the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-zeins.

11 pha- and delta-zeins and the beta- and gamma-zeins.

12 ughout the endosperm before alpha- and delta-zeins.

13 ining protein bodies, similar to other gamma-zeins.

14 Zein, a plant protein obtained from corn, is a useful bi

15 biodegradable and low-cost material such as zein, a prolamin from maize, and in combination with gly

16 whole endosperm, thus indicating that delta-zein adheres to granule surfaces after disruption of the

17 We found that genes encoding zeins, alpha-globulin, and legumin-1 are transcribed not

18 trait locus and may suggest the 50-kD gamma-zein also contributes to this quantitative trait locus.

19 identified proteins, including a 50-kD gamma-zein, an 18-kD alpha-globulin, and a legumin-related pro

20 al mutant, opaque 2 (o2) causes reduction of zeins, an increase of nonzein proteins, and as a consequ

21 h this, all ESTs derived from several genes (zein and adh1) that are known to be exclusively expresse

22 Coexpression of delta-zein and beta-zein genes, however, showed that delta-zei

23 The delta-zein and beta-zein, when synthesized individually, were

24 proteases) and a few storage genes (an alpha-zein and caleosin), which are good candidates for develo

25 The content of alpha-zein and gamma-zein was measured in pools of high- and l

26 sco-elastic masses could be formed from both zein and kafirin preparations by coacervation from glaci

27 Stress-relaxation analysis of coacervated zein and kafirin visco-elastic masses showed they were i

28 The content of alpha-zein and several cytoskeletal proteins was measured in h

29 conclude that delta-zein interacts with beta-zein and that the interaction has a stabilizing effect o

30 facilitating the localization of 22-kD alpha-zein and that this is essential for the formation of vit

31 esting an important role for the 16-kD gamma-zein and the 15-kD beta-zein in the binding and assembly

32 e alpha- and delta-zeins and the 16-kD gamma-zein and the 15-kD beta-zein; however, the 50- and 27-kD

33 stribution of mRNAs encoding the 22-kD alpha-zein and the 27-kD gamma-zein proteins on cisternal and

34 In this study, zein and zein/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) nanoparticle

35 Zein and zein/CMCS nanoparticles demonstrated similar pr

36 ases are due to the reduction of lysine-poor zeins and a pleiotropic increase in the lysine-rich non-

37 mutant was null for the 27- and 50-kD gamma-zeins and abolished vitreous endosperm formation.

38 ractions among the 50-, 27-, and 16-kD gamma-zeins and the 15-kD beta-zein, consistent with their col

39 s were detected between the alpha- and delta-zeins and the 16-kD gamma-zein and the 15-kD beta-zein;

40 at bound preferentially the alpha- and delta-zeins and the beta- and gamma-zeins.

41 tant endosperm to accumulate carotenoids and zeins and to differentiate aleurone.

42 soybean; TTMPLW, alpha-casein; VHLPP, alpha-zein) and the six alanine substitution peptides of PGTAV

43 s caused by o2, the 22-kDa alpha-zein, gamma-zein, and beta-zein RNAis were stacked, resulting in pro

44 visco-elastic mass softness with kafirin and zein, and for elastic recovery of kafirin.

45 delta-zeins, the 22-kD alpha-zein, the beta-zein, and the gamma-zein RNA interference (RNAi; designa

46 ked with the locus encoding the 16-kDa gamma-zein, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis confirmed

47 ll gene families encode the gamma- and delta-zeins, and members of these gene families, especially th

48 This study showed that zeins are by far the most highly expressed genes in the

49 After being assembled in the ER, zeins are delivered to the aleurone PSVs in atypical pre

50 Cross-linking experiments show that the zeins are deposited on the granule surface as aggregates

51 Although alpha-zeins are encoded by large multigene families, only a fe

52 o2; gammaRNAi/+ genotype suggests that gamma-zeins are essential for restoring protein body density a

53 families, which provides evidence that gamma-zeins are synthesized throughout the endosperm before al

54 The major maize seed storage proteins, zeins, are deficient in lysine and tryptophan content, w

55 of these gene families, especially the gamma-zeins, are highly expressed.

56 Therefore, the visco-elastic properties of zein arise as a result of non-covalent interactions.

57 Here we attempt to review the literature on zein as a biopolymer for drug/vaccine/gene delivery and

58 In addition, the use of zein as a functional film coating material for new biome

59 This work identifies 27-kD gamma-zein as an opaque2 modifier gene within the largest QPM

60 ng the expression of a subset of 22-kD alpha-zeins, as well as additional endosperm gene functions.

61 hat migrates between the 22- and 19-kD alpha-zein bands.

62 Three zein-based devices are proposed for several applications

63 me incremental gene amplification, the 19-kD zein branch exhibited a greater degree of far-distance g

64 to 3-fold higher levels of the 27-kDa gamma-zein, but the physiological significance of this increas

65 Substantial loss of the 22-kD alpha-zeins by z1CRNAi resulted in protein body budding struct

66 at manipulating non-covalent interactions in zein can alter and in some cases, completely disrupt the

67 The reduction of zein can be achieved by a transcriptional mutation, opaq

68 In this study, zein and zein/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) nanoparticles were pr

69 s led to the identification of a 19-kD alpha-zein cDNA in which proline replaces serine at the 15th p

70 equence alignments with putative maize delta-zein cis-localization elements identified several candid

71 esult from reduction of only the 22-kD alpha-zein class.

72 Concomitant reduction of all zein classes resulted in severe reduction in protein bod

73 Zein and zein/CMCS nanoparticles demonstrated similar protection

74 Compared with zein nanoparticles, zein/CMCS nanoparticles exhibited better protection of I

75 e encapsulation of hydrophobic bioactives in zein/CMCS nanoparticles is a promising approach to impro

76 application in tablet production, effects of zein coating on tablet properties are still not fully un

77 and is linked with a cluster of 22-kD alpha-zein coding sequences; the other quantitative trait locu

78 Zeins comprise about 50% of the granule-associated prote

79 7-, and 16-kD gamma-zeins and the 15-kD beta-zein, consistent with their colocalization in developing

80 The zein-containing prevacuolar compartments are neither sur

81 owed that delta-zein was colocalized in beta-zein-containing protein bodies and that the level of del

82 age proteins in fl2 kernels, the 24-kD alpha-zein contains a signal peptide that would normally be re

83 We showed that the 27-kilodalton (kD) gamma-zein controls protein body initiation but is not involve

84 ggests that the localized synthesis of gamma-zeins could initiate and target protein body formation a

85 Surface coating of aerogel with zein decreased the oxidation susceptibility of the loade

86 The gamma-zein deletion further increased lysine in QPM in its hom

87 Kernels hemizygous for the gamma-zein deletion had intermediate 27- and 50-kD gamma-zein

88 beta-zein; however, the 50- and 27-kD gamma-zeins did not interact with the alpha- and delta-zein pr

89 Elimination of gamma-zeins disrupts endosperm modification by o2 modifiers, i

90 While the delta-zein double null mutant had negligible effects on protei

91 antioxidant activity after incorporation in zein electrospun fibres.

92 the activation and modulation of the 22-kDa zein-encoding genes.

93 Zera (gamma-Zein ER-accumulating domain) is the N-terminal proline-r

94 rstand the effect of these factors on 22 kDa zein expression, we have cloned one of these and identif

95 nd o2 resulted in further reduction of alpha-zein expression.

96 Products of the multigene alpha-zein families and the single-gene gamma-zein family are

97 lpha-zein families and the single-gene gamma-zein family are arranged in the central hydrophobic core

98 Conversely, other gamma-zein family members function more in protein body expans

99 istic insights into the relationship between zein film and various improved profiles.

100 or at least 20 days at -20 degrees C, so the zein film can preserve and deliver both the enzyme and s

101 will benefit future prospects of the use of zein film in drug delivery and biomedical applications.

102 s related to the behaviors and properties of zein films are also summarized and analyzed based on pub

103 culum, and a novel 24-kDa polypeptide in the zein fraction.

104 ropic effects caused by o2, the 22-kDa alpha-zein, gamma-zein, and beta-zein RNAis were stacked, resu

105 A188 contains a second copy of the 27-kD zein gene and a 2-kb repetitive element.

106 rence (RNAi) constructs derived from a 22-kD zein gene could produce a dominant opaque phenotype.

107 portant role in the coordinate activation of zein gene expression during endosperm development.

108 und that only 27-kDa gamma- and 22-kDa alpha-zein gene expression were affected, whereas the level of

109 paque2, a known transcriptional activator of zein gene expression whose target site lies 20 bp downst

110 bserved, which correlate with an increase in zein gene expression.

111 s analysis also shows that the 22- and 19-kD zein gene families shared a common ancestor.

112 expression of the alpha-, gamma-, and delta-zein gene families, which provides evidence that gamma-z

113 Previously, 41-48 gene copies of the alpha zein gene family that spread over six loci spanning betw

114 et of clones containing members of the 19-kD zein gene family, which previously had been estimated to

115 -distance gene translocations than the 22-kD zein gene family.

116 Each zein gene is contained within a repeat unit that varies

117 irs long, with the sequence surrounding each zein gene more than 90% conserved.

118 mEmBP-1 binds to the O2 box from the 22 kDa zein gene promoter as a homodimer, it is unable to heter

119 20 bp downstream of the P-box in the 22-kDa zein gene promoter.

120 The presence of the P-box in all zein gene promoters suggests that interactions between e

121 proteins that recognize the O2 box in 22 kDa zein gene promoters.

122 MON 810 maize event specific and endogenous zein gene sequences in 1:1 ratio in tandem was construct

123 viously characterized Ra allele of the 27-kD zein gene, has been inserted into the genome of A188 by

124 only 20bp upstream of the alpha-class 22-kDa zein gene-specific cis element, the O2-box, which is rec

125 ying a TaqMan RT-PCR targeting the P-35S and zein gene.

126 Affinities between zeins generally were consistent with results from immuno

127 n inverse relationship between the number of zein genes and the relative amount of specific mRNAs.

128 Because the 27- and 16-kDa gamma-zein genes are highly conserved in DNA sequence, we intr

129 deletions in intergenic regions, many of the zein genes are spaced over different distances.

130 quences and linear organization of the 19-kD zein genes in maize (Zea mays).

131 r long sequence of a cluster of 22-kDa alpha zein genes in the maize inbred BSSS53 was determined.

132 eletion encompassing the 27- and 50-kD gamma-zein genes on chromosome 7 and a deletion of at least 23

133 ve clones containing the entire set of 19-kD zein genes were chosen from each region and sequenced.

134 nse RNA also reduced the expression of 22-kD zein genes, but failed to give an opaque phenotype.

135 Coexpression of delta-zein and beta-zein genes, however, showed that delta-zein was colocali

136 provide the linear organization of 25 19-kD zein genes, one-half the number previously estimated.

137 30 mutation maps in a cluster of 19-kD alpha-zein genes, we characterized cDNA clones encoding these

138 and the developmental expression profiles of zein genes.

139 alterations, indicating that beta- and gamma-zeins have redundant and unique functions in the stabili

140 Studies, mostly with zein, have demonstrated the potential of using plant pro

141 and the 16-kD gamma-zein and the 15-kD beta-zein; however, the 50- and 27-kD gamma-zeins did not int

142 Furthermore, we developed a pectin/zein hydrogel bead system to specifically deliver p40 to

143 fter administration of p40-containing pectin/zein hydrogel beads to mice.

144 g quercetin (water insoluble polyphenol) and zein (hydrophobic protein), simultaneously, by adding th

145 the absence of null mutants of each type of zein (i.e. alpha, beta, gamma, and delta), the molecular

146 leavage, we have assayed the 24-kD fl2 alpha-zein in a co-translational processing system in vitro.

147 for the 16-kD gamma-zein and the 15-kD beta-zein in the binding and assembly of alpha-zeins within t

148 In this review, the present status of zein in the form of a thin film and uniform layer for us

149 ins, the homologues of the maize 22-kD alpha-zeins in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), in the beta/gammaRNA

150 in bodies ectopically accumulate 22-kD alpha-zeins in the gamma-zein-rich periphery and center of the

151 As encoding alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-zeins in the yeast two-hybrid system.

152 Zeins in W64A o5, o9, o11, and Mc are within 80 to 90% o

153 rticles with a layer of hydrophobic protein (zein) increased stability and further decreased the reac

154 e the wild-type protein, the Mc 16-kDa gamma-zein interacted only weakly with the 22-kDa alpha-zein w

155 ibre content, the calcium-starch and calcium-zein interactions, as well as the presence of amylose-li

156 We conclude that delta-zein interacts with beta-zein and that the interaction h

157 roper deposition of storage proteins, called zeins, into specialized organelles in the endosperm, cal

158 Zein is a class of alcohol-soluble prolamine proteins pr

159 rophobic interactions while the binding with zein is predominantly mediated through hydrogen bonds.

160 In maize, gamma-Zein is the major storage protein synthesized by the rou

161 pe, thereby confirming that the mutant alpha-zein is the molecular basis of this mutation.

162 The 19-kD alpha-zein is uniformly distributed throughout the core in wil

163 cating that a sufficient amount of the 22-kD zeins is necessary for maintenance of a normal protein b

164 A biodegradable material, zein, is proposed as a reagent delivery platform for bio

165 eletion had intermediate 27- and 50-kD gamma-zein levels and were semivitreous, indicating haploinsuf

166 zed delta-zein was probed by comparing delta-zein levels of starch granules obtained from homogenized

167 previously reported for kernels with reduced zein levels.

168 A new allele of the 27-kD zein locus in maize has been generated by interchromosom

169 Allelic variation at the 22-kD alpha-zein locus may contribute to the difference of eEF1A con

170 ne of the QTLs is linked to the 27-kDa gamma-zein locus on chromosome 7S.

171 two progenitors of maize gained a new alpha zein locus, absent in the other lineage, to form a nondu

172 perties of visco-elastic materials made from zein, making them softer and more extensible, as did ure

173 maize plants expressing the Mc 16-kDa gamma-zein manifested an opaque kernel phenotype with enhanced

174 Zein masses exhibited predominantly viscous flow propert

175 es have a much higher elastic character than zein masses.

176 mbranes during endosperm maturation, the fl2 zein may thus constrain storage protein packing and pert

177 fferent degrees of gene amplification in the zein multigene family.

178 Chitosan-Zein Nano-in-Microparticles (CS-ZN-NIMs), consisting of

179 lusion complex (IC) encapsulated electrospun zein nanofibrous webs (zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF) were fab

180 icle pesticide delivery vehicle to soybeans, zein nanoparticle (ZNP) uptake by the roots and biodistr

181 etermination of the actual lutein content in zein nanoparticles using ultraviolet-visible spectroscop

182 After zein nanoparticles were coated with CMCS, the zeta poten

183 Compared with zein nanoparticles, zein/CMCS nanoparticles exhibited be

184 two distinct classes, the surface-localized zeins of 10 to 27 kD and the granule-intrinsic proteins

185 Zeins of differing sub-class composition much more readi

186 elta-zein was fivefold higher in delta-/beta-zein plants than in delta-zein plants.

187 her in delta-/beta-zein plants than in delta-zein plants.

188 in presenting clear demonstration that gamma-zeins play a mechanistic role in QPM, providing a previo

189 th earlier studies that suggested that gamma-zeins play an important role in prolamin protein body as

190 s of water or acetic acid treatment, all the zein preparations had similar FTIR spectra, with greater

191 ments and double mutant kernels had restored zein profiles.

192 ier demonstrated that the RNAs for the maize zeins ('prolamine' class) are localized to the spherical

193 nhibited regulated transcription of a 22 kDa zein promoter in a transient expression assay using cult

194 mechanism seems to apply to the 27-kDa gamma-zein promoter, which does not undergo methylation change

195 This gene was regulated by the 27-kD gamma-zein promoter, which restricted synthesis of the defecti

196 but at a lower affinity than to the '27-kDa' zein promoter.

197 th the expression of endogenous 22-kDa alpha-zein promoters, a different mechanism seems to apply to

198 bind to the P-box from '22-kDa' and '19-kDa' zein promoters, but at a lower affinity than to the '27-

199 NA probes combining the P- and O2-boxes from zein promoters.

200 rom needle-like to spherical shape at higher zein proportions, as confirmed by transmission electron

201 Zein protein bodies in fl1 mutants are of normal size, s

202 Zein protein bodies in Mc endosperm are misshapen and ar

203 have an opaque, starchy phenotype, malformed zein protein bodies, and highly increased levels of bind

204 rt the cloning of Fl1, which encodes a novel zein protein body membrane protein with three predicted

205 Immunoblotting revealed a novel alpha-zein protein in De*-B30 that migrates between the 22- an

206 This finding implies that zein protein interactions determine protein body assembl

207 l electrophoresis confirmed the 16-kDa gamma-zein protein is altered in Mc.

208 The largest reductions in zein protein synthesis occur in the W64A o2, DeB30, and

209 polypeptide is a precursor of a 22-kDa alpha-zein protein that is not properly processed.

210 tation in the gene encoding the 16-kDa gamma-zein protein, leading to the unfolded protein response i

211 ury mutant based on a misfolded 16-kDa gamma-zein protein.

212 rant RNA in Mc that encodes the 16-kDa gamma-zein protein.

213 a defective signal peptide in a 19-kD alpha-zein protein.

214 used by the accumulation of the 24-kDa alpha-zein protein.

215 attributed mainly to the contribution of the zein protein.

216 engineering, kernels with reduced levels of zein proteins have been shown to have increased levels o

217 ypothesis that a pleiotropic increase in non-zein proteins is contributing to an improved amino acid

218 ing the 22-kD alpha-zein and the 27-kD gamma-zein proteins on cisternal and protein body rough endopl

219 f hydrophobic interactions within individual zein proteins or interactions between proteins.

220 increase of more nutritionally balanced non-zein proteins, and therefore enhance the overall quality

221 pleiotropic increase in the lysine-rich non-zein proteins.

222 without affecting the accumulation of other zein proteins.

223 s did not interact with the alpha- and delta-zein proteins.

224 te to the accumulation of normal-size 22-kDa zein proteins.

225 endosperm with a reduced amount of prolamin (zein) proteins and twice the lysine content of the wild

226 The average particle size of zein:quercetin composite particles was below 200 nm (130

227 Both zein reduced kernels contained higher levels of lysine a

228 of developing kernels of these two types of zein reduced kernels were compared.

229 sible for the increased lysine in transgenic zein reduction (TZR) kernels.

230 aspartate and glutamate, was observed in the zein reduction kernels.

231 Zein reduction results in an increase of more nutritiona

232 It is proposed that the seven remaining zein-related sequences be considered gene reserves becau

233 Only three out of 10 zein-related sequences have an intact open reading frame

234 sts contained markedly lower levels of delta-zein relative to granules prepared from whole endosperm,

235 on were affected, whereas the level of other zeins remained unchanged.

236 The expected processing site of this alpha-zein reveals a putative mutation alanine-->valine (Ala--

237 ly accumulate 22-kD alpha-zeins in the gamma-zein-rich periphery and center of the core, rather than

238 Aleurone PSVs contain zein-rich protein inclusions, a matrix, and a large syst

239 -kD alpha-zein, the beta-zein, and the gamma-zein RNA interference (RNAi; designated as z1CRNAi, beta

240 s the PB-ER localization of the 10-kDa delta-zein RNA is maintained in developing rice seeds, we dete

241 by expressing GFP fusions containing various zein RNA sequences in transgenic rice and analyzing thei

242 A gamma-zein RNAi transgene was able to rescue the mutation and

243 the 22-kDa alpha-zein, gamma-zein, and beta-zein RNAis were stacked, resulting in protein bodies for

244 protein denaturation and disulfide bonds on zein's ability to form a visco-elastic material.

245 reducing agent beta-ME had little effect on zein's ability to form a visco-elastic material.

246 Immunolocalization of the 50-kD gamma-zein showed this protein to be located at the surface of

247 causes translational recoding of lysine into zeins, significantly enriching the lysine content of gra

248 tative tissues and were deposited in unique, zein-specific ER-derived protein bodies.

249 mays L.) opaque kernel mutation that alters zein storage protein synthesis.

250 gy, and the synthesis of a novel 24-kD alpha-zein storage protein.

251 mays) endosperm by reducing the synthesis of zein storage proteins and increasing the accumulation of

252 oper formation of protein bodies (PBs) where zein storage proteins are deposited.

253 ent in corn meal because of the abundance of zein storage proteins that lack these amino acids.

254 rin were found in addition to the endogenous zein storage proteins, demonstrating that the large exog

255 g a starchy endosperm with reduced levels of zein storage proteins, homozygous zmsmu2-1 mutants manif

256 ed RNA interference suppression of different zein subclasses to abolish vitreous endosperm formation

257 Reduction in both 19- and 22-kD alpha-zein subfamilies severely restricted protein body expans

258 Novel biomedical applications of zein such as controlled and targeted delivery of bioacti

259 ased by the opaque-2 mutation, which reduces zein synthesis and increases accumulation of proteins th

260 mulates at a high level during the period of zein synthesis and protein body development and declines

261 ant maize (Zea mays) mutation that depresses zein synthesis in the developing endosperm.

262 d Mc were significant qualitative changes in zein synthesis observed.

263 enic (CaMV 35S promoter) and taxon-specific (zein) target DNA sequences.

264 ins, but the binding constant was higher for zein than for gliadin at 35 degrees C.

265 We identified domains within the 22-kD alpha-zein that bound preferentially the alpha- and delta-zein

266 the N-terminal proline-rich domain of gamma-zein that is sufficient to induce the assembly of PB for

267 mutant for the delta-zeins, the 22-kD alpha-zein, the beta-zein, and the gamma-zein RNA interference

268 Here, a double null mutant for the delta-zeins, the 22-kD alpha-zein, the beta-zein, and the gamm

269 In maize, alpha-zeins, the main protein components of seed stores, are m

270 Zeins, the maize (Zea mays) prolamin storage proteins, a

271 Zeins, the major seed storage proteins of maize, are of

272 Zeins, the prolamin storage proteins found in maize (Zea

273 tion, opaque2 (o2), or a transgene targeting zein through RNA interference (RNAi).

274 ased from zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) than zein-THY-NF and zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (1:1).

275 ein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) was higher than zein-THY-NF and zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (1:1).

276 HY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) than zein-THY-NF and zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (1:1).

277 -IC-NF (2:1) was higher than zein-THY-NF and zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (1:1).

278 It is worth mentioning that zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) preserved much more THY as

279 Therefore, much more THY was released from zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) than zein-THY-NF and zein-

280 Similarly, antibacterial activity of zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) was higher than zein-THY-N

281 It was demonstrated that zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF (2:1) was most effective in inhi

282 apsulated electrospun zein nanofibrous webs (zein-THY/gamma-CD-IC-NF) were fabricated as a food packa

283 nd Na2SO4 negatively impacted the ability of zein to from a visco-elastic material and at higher conc

284 llic acid was successfully incorporated into zein ultra-fine fibres at different loading amount (5%,

285 and the interaction between gallic acid and zein was attested by attenuated total reflection-Fourier

286 beta-zein genes, however, showed that delta-zein was colocalized in beta-zein-containing protein bod

287 g protein bodies and that the level of delta-zein was fivefold higher in delta-/beta-zein plants than

288 from this cross, and a higher level of alpha-zein was found to cosegregate with high eEF1A content.

289 the formation of visco-elastic material from zein was investigated.

290 The content of alpha-zein and gamma-zein was measured in pools of high- and low-eEF1A indivi

291 The origin of surface-localized delta-zein was probed by comparing delta-zein levels of starch

292 Zein was tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) a

293 rticles or other fluorescent contaminants of zein were up taken by the roots and biodistributed withi

294 Interactions between the 19- and 22-kD alpha-zeins were relatively weak, although each of them intera

295 interacted only weakly with the 22-kDa alpha-zein when expressed in the yeast two-hybrid system.

296 The delta-zein and beta-zein, when synthesized individually, were stable in the

297 thermolysin led to selective removal of the zeins, whereas granule-associated proteins of 32 kD or a

298 the accumulation of both 19- and 22-kD alpha-zeins, which resulted in higher lysine and tryptophan co

299 The spatial organization of zeins within the protein body, as well as interactions b

300 ta-zein in the binding and assembly of alpha-zeins within the protein body.

301 ormal Mendelian fashion and eliminates 22-kD zeins without affecting the accumulation of other zein p

302 sequenced all 23 members of the 22-kD alpha zein (z1C) gene family of maize.

303 The applicability of gallic acid loaded zein (Ze-GA) electrospun fibre mats towards potential ac

304 stem consisting of two natural biomaterials, zein (ZN) and chitosan (CS), to mediate oral DNA deliver