ライフサイエンスコーパス: CDPK

1 CDPK activated novel vacuolar chloride (VCL) and malate

2 CDPK enzymatic activity previously has been detected in

3 CDPK exhibits a Ca(2+)-induced electrophoretic mobility

4 CDPK from guard cells phosphorylates the K+ channel KAT1

5 CDPK-activated VCL currents were also observed in red be

6 CDPK-silenced plants showed a reduced and delayed hypers

7 CDPKs and at least one SnRK have been implicated in deco

8 CDPKs and SnRKs are found on all five Arabidopsis chromo

9 CDPKs are encoded by large multigene families, and to as

10 CDPKs are present in plants and a specific subgroup of p

11 CDPKs commonly have an N-terminal kinase domain (KD) and

12 CDPKs contain an autoinhibitory junction (J) region whos

13 CDPKs have diverse regulatory functions, including invol

14 CDPKs provide the first example of a member of the calmo

15 ysis of the Arabidopsis genome identified 34 CDPKs, eight CRKs, two PPCKs, two PEPRKs, and 38 SnRKs.

16 A CDPK phosphorylation site was mapped to Ser(45) near a c

17 expressed in tobacco cells can be used as a CDPK activity reporter for in vivo studies.

18 ther properties in vitro and appears to be a CDPK.

19 ited form correlate with the activation of a CDPK isoform after in vivo stimulation.

20 We propose that Ca2+ activation of a CDPK normally occurs through intramolecular binding of t

21 To understand how the CaM-LD regulates a CDPK, a recombinant CDPK (isoform CPK-1 from Arabidopsis

22 Single channel recordings showed a CDPK-activated 34 +/- 5 pS Cl- channel.

23 We are reporting for the first time a CDPK gene in mungbean which is inducible by mechanical s

24 g a Ca2+-independent, constitutively active, CDPK* mutant.

25 introns supports the phylogenetic analysis; CDPK genes with similar intron/exon structure are groupe

26 ulin-like domain, suggest that the ancestral CDPK gene could have originated from the fusion of prote

27 activity of MAPKs and CDPK-like kinases, and CDPK and NADPH oxidases were involved in As-induced MAPK

28 pecies and calcium and activity of MAPKs and CDPK-like kinases were induced with increasing Cr(VI) co

29 markedly increased the activity of MAPKs and CDPK-like kinases, and CDPK and NADPH oxidases were invo

30 itial kinetics of calmodulin stimulation and CDPK inhibition, providing an example in plants for a po

31 the subcellular location of one Arabidopsis CDPK, AtCPK2, in detail.

32 ation of AtCPK5, a member of the Arabidopsis CDPK family.

33 In this Update, we analyze the Arabidopsis CDPK gene family and review the expression, regulation,

34 roaches, the characterization of Arabidopsis CDPKs provides a valuable opportunity to understand the

35 e have dissected the function of an atypical CDPK from Plasmodium falciparum, PfCDPK7.

36 Because CDPKs are absent from the host, these kinases are consid

37 s: calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPKs), CDPK-related kinases (CRKs), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy

38 pport a monophyletic origin for plant CDPKs, CDPK-related kinases, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylas

39 on, the interconversion of the corresponding CDPK forms could be induced in vitro in both directions

40 Based on these data, CDPK-FRET is a powerful approach for tackling real-time

41 s genome is predicted to encode 34 different CDPKs.

42 riety of functions are mediated by different CDPKs.

43 lant protein kinases, including two distinct CDPKs, fail to mimic this stress signaling.

44 rotein kinase with a calmodulin-like domain (CDPK) in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba.

45 ed for half-maximal activity (K0.5) for each CDPK with syntide-2 as substrate were 0.06, 0.4, and 1 m

46 The calcium-binding properties of each CDPK were distinct.

47 nsition from the nonelicited to the elicited CDPK form was caused by a phosphorylation event and was

48 mbinant CDPKalpha in vitro and by endogenous CDPK in vivo.

49 g cascade in planta via unregulated enhanced CDPK activity can lead to off-type effects likely due to

50 ly one site, and this site is different from CDPK phosphorylation sites.

51 biotechnological applications by generating CDPK alleles that enhance resistance to microbial pathog

52 His6-CDPK alpha (1-328), which contained none of the CLD, was

53 ivated only 5-fold, but the activity of His6-CDPK alpha (1-398), which retained nearly half of the CL

54 of the chimeric enzyme, its addition to His6-CDPK alpha (1-398) resulted in activity that was only 6%

55 cal inhibitors indicated that the identified CDPK is independent of or is located upstream from a sig

56 bout the subcellular locations of individual CDPKs or the mechanisms involved in targeting them to th

57 r Ser318 phosphorylation in related group IV CDPKs, which holds promise for biotechnological applicat

58 cting predominantly the phosphorylated 70-kD CDPK form, was greater than in nonelicited samples.

59 domain by a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (CDPK isoform CPK1), inhibits both basal activity ( appro

60 e, and the calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK or CPK) pathway are of particular interest due to t

61 the plant calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and Snf1-related kinase (SnRK) superfamily.

62 Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) family members regulate diverse parasitic processe

63 ty of calmodulin-like domain protein kinase (CDPK) is regulated by the direct binding of Ca2+.

64 ht-induced calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) isolated from the common ice plant, Mesembryanthem

65 An isoform of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) phosphorylated multiple sites of LlEF-1alpha1 in a

66 The native Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) responsible for in vivo inhibitory phosphorylation

67 by a maize calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) significantly increased sucrose cleavage activity

68 ane-bound, calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) that showed a shift in electrophoretic mobility fr

69 responsive calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) was isolated from the common ice plant (Mesembryan

70 APK) and 1 calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) were upregulated with short-term Cr(VI) treatment.

71 za sativa) calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), CPK18, was identified as an upstream kinase of MA

72 kinase and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), were also upregulated.

73 n kinases: calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPKs), CDPK-related kinases (CRKs), phosphoenolpyruvate

74 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are a major group of calcium-stimulated kinases fo

75 Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) have a calmodulin-like domain (CaM-LD) tethered to

76 found in calcium dependent protein kinases (CDPK).

77 ly inhibit select calcium-dependent kinases (CDPKs), we instead demonstrate that these pathways are c

78 Calcium (Ca(2+))-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs or CPKs) are a unique family of Ca(2+) sensor/kina

79 constitutive Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) activate ABA responses, the MED141-143IGH and G18

80 fferent from Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and other serine/threonine kinases in plants.

81 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are a class of calcium-binding sensory proteins t

82 Calmodulin-like domain protein kinases (CDPKs) are a family of calcium- but not calmodulin-depen

83 that four calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are Ca(2+)-sensor protein kinases critical for tr

84 species, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are critical.

85 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are distinct from protein kinases of mammals, and

86 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential enzymes in the biology of protozoan

87 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are expanded in apicomplexan parasites, especiall

88 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are key players in a plant's response to environm

89 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are plant-specific proteins that sense changes in

90 Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are regulated by a C-terminal calmodulin-like dom

91 Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are required for microneme exocytosis; however, t

92 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are specific to plants and some protists.

93 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are structurally unique Ser/Thr kinases found in

94 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) comprise a large family of serine/threonine kinas

95 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) comprise the major group of Ca2+-regulated kinase

96 those of the Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) from Plasmodium, Eimeria, and several plants, and

97 for calmodulin-like domain protein kinases (CDPKs) have been identified in plants and Alveolate prot

98 parasite calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been shown to reduce infection in several pa

99 Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs) in higher plants contain a C-terminal calmodulin-

100 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) of Apicomplexan parasites are crucial for the sur

101 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play important roles in the life cycle of Plasmod

102 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play key regulatory roles in the life cycle of th

103 Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play vital roles in metabolic regulations and sti

104 family of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) that have no direct homologues in the human host.

105 ing novel calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) that provides new insights into the roles of CDPK

106 lant-like" Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) transduces cytosolic Ca(2+) flux into enzymatic a

107 s of calmodulin-like domain protein kinases (CDPKs) were detected.

108 MAPKs) and Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), transcriptional reprogramming (particularly the

109 to encode calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs).

110 r through calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs).

111 l changes in Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs).

112 The observation of a peroxisome-located CDPK suggests a mechanism for calcium regulation of pero

113 Many CDPKs are membrane-associated, presumably because of lip

114 To test the impact of modulating CDPK activity in sorghum as a means to enhanced abiotic

115 , the precise biological function(s) of most CDPKs remains elusive.

116 he subcellular targeting potentials for nine CDPK isoforms from Arabidopsis, as determined by express

117 s to ascertain the functions of noncanonical CDPKs.

118 (45) (S45/A) completely blocked the observed CDPK inhibition of both basal and calmodulin-stimulated

119 utophosphorylation and catalytic activity of CDPK are Ca2+ dependent.

120 ily, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of CDPK genomic sequences.

121 ybrid system can accelerate the discovery of CDPK substrates.

122 D to the autoinhibitory (junction) domain of CDPK alpha in a manner analogous to the activation of ca

123 Silencing correlated with loss of CDPK mRNA, whereas mRNA accumulation of mitogen-activate

124 Mutants of CDPK alpha from which all or part of the CLD had been de

125 n, recombinant CLD and truncation mutants of CDPK alpha were expressed in bacteria and highly purifie

126 crystal structure of the J-CaM-LD region of CDPK from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCPK1), determined to 2

127 s synthesized and found to be a substrate of CDPK isoforms alpha, beta, and gamma.

128 ata indicate that the response to calcium of CDPKs is clearly unique among the CaM family.

129 ntiality of CDPK1 and CDPK7, the majority of CDPKs had no discernible phenotype for growth in vitro o

130 that provides new insights into the roles of CDPKs during Toxoplasma gondii infection.

131 This work reveals the critical roles of CDPKs in modulating JA homeostasis and highlights the co

132 l with the consensus phosphorylation site of CDPKs, its coding sequence was cloned and stably transfo

133 show that this kinase and a number of other CDPKs of similar Mr showed complex changes in elicitor-t

134 PfCDPK7 is very different from that of other CDPKs; it has a pleckstrin homology domain adjacent to t

135 rt that VpCDPK9 and VpCDPK13, two paralogous CDPKs from Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1,

136 Little is known regarding physiological CDPK targets.

137 Plant CDPK genes on one branch share common intron positions w

138 amecium genes differ from those in the plant CDPK genes in about 20 of 31 residues in the junction re

139 Plant CDPKs divide into two major branches.

140 The introns shared between protist and plant CDPKs presumably originated before the divergence of pla

141 with previously reported sequences for plant CDPKs at the protein level.

142 rons support a monophyletic origin for plant CDPKs, CDPK-related kinases, and phosphoenolpyruvate car

143 regulation, and possible functions of plant CDPKs.

144 gether with previous studies on a plasmodium CDPK suggests a model whereby even at normally low cytos

145 lated a cDNA clone encoding a novel protein, CDPK substrate protein 1 (CSP1).

146 h share common intron positions with protist CDPK genes.

147 ally, the calmodulin-like domains of protist CDPKs have intron positions in common with animal and fu

148 w the CaM-LD regulates a CDPK, a recombinant CDPK (isoform CPK-1 from Arabidopsis, accession no. L147

149 We isolated two related CDPK cDNAs (NtCDPK2 and NtCDPK3) from Nicotiana tabacum.

150 plants and ciliates, suggesting that related CDPKs may have a function in calcium-regulated secretion

151 e introduced a constitutively expressed rice CDPK-7 (OsCDPK-7) gene construct.

152 ugh previous studies have shown that several CDPKs play a role in controlling invasion, egress, and c

153 dant roles in vivo, we characterized soybean CDPK isoforms alpha, beta, and gamma, which share 60-80%

154 Antibodies to soybean CDPK alpha cross-react with CDPK.

155 Unmodified soybean CDPK alpha and a chimeric enzyme in which the calmodulin

156 demonstrates key positive roles of specific CDPKs in initial MAMP signalling.

157 These results suggest that CDPK may be an important component of Ca2+ signaling in

158 It has long been assumed that CDPKs are activated, like other Ca2+-regulated kinases,

159 tron placements supports the hypothesis that CDPKs, CRKs, PPCKs and PEPRKs have a common evolutionary

160 anscriptome profile comparison suggests that CDPKs are the convergence point of signalling triggered

161 The CDPK-SnRK superfamily consists of seven types of serine-

162 In these assays, the CDPK activity in elicited samples, reflecting predominan

163 These results show that members of the CDPK family differ in biochemical properties and support

164 To study the molecular evolution of the CDPK gene family, we performed a phylogenetic analysis o

165 vealed the presence of several copies of the CDPK gene.

166 ial role in stabilizing the structure of the CDPK regulatory apparatus.

167 transition is due to phosphorylation of the CDPK.

168 hen elicitor is subsequently added while the CDPK cannot be activated by elicitor upon forskolin trea

169 The CDPKs were inhibited by the general protein kinase inhib

170 tor there is a transient inactivation of the CDPKs before activation.

171 These CDPK transcripts are elevated after race-specific defenc

172 RNA blot analysis showed that the three CDPKs were expressed in most plant tissues examined and

173 ow Ca(2+) signaling activates egress through CDPKs, we performed a forward genetic screen to isolate

174 on event and was verified when antibodies to CDPK were used for protein gel blot analysis.

175 nition by CaM other features are specific to CDPKs, in particular the combination of the strong inter

176 revious studies on Plasmodium and Toxoplasma CDPKs suggest a role for the JD and CamLD in the regulat

177 Consistent with this model, a truncated CDPK (DeltaNC) in which the CaM-LD has been deleted can

178 We show here that a truncated CDPK lacking a CaM-LD (e.g. mutant delta NC-26H) can be

179 We focused on two CDPKs with distinct Ca2+-sensitivities, highly Ca2+-sens

180 nic Nicotiana attenuata plants, in which two CDPKs, NaCDPK4 and NaCDPK5, were simultaneously silenced

181 Unexpectedly, CDPKs and MAPK cascades act differentially in four MAMP-

182 Unlike CDPK, CCaMK phosphorylated only one site, and this site

183 atter activity approached that of unmodified CDPK alpha and was half maximal at a CLD concentration o

184 se of catalytically impaired and unregulated CDPKs with the yeast two-hybrid system can accelerate th

185 sition was not inhibited by W-7, the in vivo CDPK activation probably is not the result of autophosph

186 To determine whether CDPK or other protein kinases could have a role in guard

187 owed weaker activation (22% as compared with CDPK).

188 odies to soybean CDPK alpha cross-react with CDPK.