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1 DG engram neurons exhibit a highly distinct pattern of g
2 DG-GluN1 KO mice show CA3 cellular hyperactivity, detect
4 t combination treatment with metformin and 2-DG was efficacious in dampening mouse T cell activation-
5 itochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor), both 2-DG and glucose starvation strongly suppress tumor necros
6 g), and was exacerbated by 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) glycolytic inhibition, despite preventing IL-1beta s
7 d the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) have been used to study the inhibition of oxidative
9 tion of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) reduced osteoclast formation and activity under both
13 In this study, we report that metformin + 2-DG treatment more potently suppressed IFN-gamma producti
14 cts of metabolic inhibition by metformin + 2-DG treatment on primary human T cells and provide a basi
16 in normoxia is not obvious, and effects of 2-DG on cytokine responses should be interpreted cautiousl
19 tion suggest that dentate gyrus and CA(2,3) (DG/CA(2,3)) are biased to differentiate highly similar m
27 (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) are increased after an oral glucose load indicating
28 (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) in commonly-consumed products in a Western diet.
30 O), methylglyoxal (MGO), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) were assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negativ
31 arbonyl compounds (DCs), 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO) during simulat
33 estion phases (concentration loss: 11% for 3-DG, 24% for GO and MGO) and have an effect on the fermen
34 s have shown no antimicrobial activity for 3-DG, however, for the first time it has been shown that w
35 t body temperatures 3,4-DGE is formed from 3-DG and that concentrations of 3,4-DGE in the micromolar
36 To investigate the reaction pathways of 3-DG formation, we varied the composition of reactants (su
43 ced data issues and demonstrate that Poly(A)-DG not only outperforms state-of-the-art methods but als
46 bated anxiety-like behaviors, impaired adult DG neurogenesis, and abolished activity (e.g., voluntary
47 d anxiety-like behaviors and increased adult DG neurogenesis, whereas ablating or chronically inhibit
48 g anxiety-like behaviors but promoting adult DG neurogenesis, and both functions are likely through a
51 nd post-synaptic laminin receptors and alpha-DG and pikachurin in the synaptic space to maintain prop
54 n (matriglycan) on alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) enables diverse roles, from neuronal development to
55 the LCMV receptor alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) than v2.2 and entered alpha-DG-expressing but not al
61 cumulation was first observed in the CA1 and DG starting at 6-8 months that progressed throughout all
62 In fact, higher activation in the CA1 and DG was associated with lower volumes in these subfields.
63 ural progenitor cells (NPCs), GNs, glia, and DG volume in whole hippocampus postmortem in four groups
65 onnections predicting hippocampus -> PFC and DG -> CA1, i.e., theta transmission is unidirectional in
66 r and mid DG GNs (p < .0001), fewer anterior DG NPCs (p < .0001), and smaller whole DG volume (p = .0
72 ough pikachurin remains associated with beta-DG, pikachurin is no longer closely associated with mGlu
73 tedly, cyclic amides were found to be better DGs than pyridine-containing ones or cyclic imides for t
74 vival, but not the production, of adult-born DG granule cells, possibly because of greater circuit in
75 reas it restricts the survival of adult-born DG granule cells, which compete with mature granule cell
76 To rigorously assess pattern separation by DG circuitry, we used mouse brain slices to stimulate DG
77 scardially to mice is selectively uptaken by DG NSCs within a minute, via the vessel-associated apica
79 on the CA3 region and the dentate gyrus (CA3-DG) of the hippocampus, alongside associated memory impa
82 havior indicative of pattern separation, CA3/DG neurons respond to lure images more like novel than r
85 dorsal (dDG) and ventral (vDG) adult canine DG were comparatively examined over a period of 30 days.
86 eservoir enabling recovery from catastrophic DG damage.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Adult hippocampal neuro
87 populations of dentate gyrus granule cells (DG GCs) and lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) neurons acro
92 ode array (MEA) was used to monitor dentate (DG), CA3, and CA1 hippocampal extracellular glutamate le
94 changes in triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, cera
95 identified a group of embryonic born dorsal DG (dDG) neurons, which were activated by anxiogenic sti
96 ast, following labeling of MCs in the dorsal DG, the projections were more diffusely distributed.
97 ctional glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DG), a key component in the link between the cytoskeleto
98 eactivated during overlapping pair encoding, DG/CA(2,3) and subiculum representations for indirectly
99 these observations, and find that epileptic DG networks organize into disjoint, cell-type specific p
100 erm alterations in DG structure by examining DG assembly and the generation of a stable adult stem ce
101 or class of GABAergic neurons, essential for DG function, and are involved in the pathophysiology of
102 ng in the adult human hippocampal formation (DG, CA1, CA2, CA3, subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubi
103 both cases: from hippocampus to PFC and from DG to CA1 along the tri-synaptic pathway within hippocam
105 er an explicit modal discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method utilizing Implicit Large Eddy Simulation (ILE
107 leavage of the picolinamide directing group (DG) and recycling of the byproduct generated has been de
108 tiary amide core acted as a directing group (DG) enabling formation of six-membered cycloruthenated s
112 expressed only in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and assessed its association with hippocampal physio
113 ns for unexpected items, with dentate gyrus (DG) and CA3 being more sensitive to expectation violatio
118 range communications between dentate gyrus (DG) and the Ammon's horn (CA1) within the hippocampus.
119 Mossy cells (MCs) of the dentate gyrus (DG) are a major group of excitatory hilar neurons that a
120 STATEMENT Mossy cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) are an integral component of the DG/pCA3 circuit.
122 the fact that the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) gives rise to newborn DGCs throughout the lifetime i
124 he mammalian hippocampus, the dentate gyrus (DG) has the unique characteristic of exhibiting neurogen
126 and layers of the hippocampus dentate gyrus (DG) in an electric stimulation rodent model which displa
127 The reorganization of the dentate gyrus (DG) in TLE may create pathological conduction pathways f
129 ts.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The dentate gyrus (DG) is important for learning, memory, pattern separatio
130 ramammillary nucleus (SuM) to dentate gyrus (DG) is needed for contextual memory, social memory requi
133 yperactivity was found in the dentate gyrus (DG) of leuprolide-treated females, but not males, consis
134 NCE STATEMENT The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of rodents generates newborn dentate granule cells (
135 generated in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of rodents through a process called adult hippocampa
136 uronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and significantly impaired hippoc
137 populations of neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus are causally implicated in the en
139 entricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, whereas the implantation of MSCs
145 ural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) reside in a specialized local niche that supports th
148 on processes supported by the dentate gyrus (DG) to prevent interference from overlapping memory repr
149 te neuronal activation of the dentate gyrus (DG) using cFos immunohistochemistry was measured as a ne
150 to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) where information is filtered and converted into spa
152 ippocampus and especially the dentate gyrus (DG), a vulnerable brain region and one of the two sites
153 GABAergic transmission in the dentate gyrus (DG), accompanied by schizophrenia-like behavior in the a
154 cell type in the hilus of the dentate gyrus (DG), are unique in providing extensive longitudinal and
155 major hippocampal subfields, dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, and CA1, has a unique function in memory forma
156 rom the entorhinal cortex and dentate gyrus (DG), the proximal CA3 region of aged rats may switch fro
157 urogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), while the effects of antidepressants are mediated b
158 ether, and to what extent can dentate gyrus (DG)-resident neural stem cells drive regeneration of an
162 the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG-GCL) in human hippocampus and contrast these data to
165 ife stress produces long-term alterations in DG structure by examining DG assembly and the generation
166 red with controls, implicating astrocytes in DG, immune mechanisms in CA3, and synaptic scaling in CA
167 ntributes to the sparse population coding in DG.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our study describes a long-las
172 ow that conditional overexpression of MOR in DG NSCs under a doxycycline inducible system leads to fa
174 (Arg1) ablation as well as overexpression in DG, we identified a critical role of Arg1 in microglia a
175 classifier, we classified cells recorded in DG (Neunuebel and Knierim, 2014) and pCA3 (Lee et al., 2
176 al deletion of Tiam1 in male mice results in DG granule cells with simplified dendritic arbors, reduc
177 strongly suggest that pattern separation in DG/CA3 underlies the effect that violation of expectatio
178 s: (1) pattern separation-related signals in DG/CA3 and perirhinal cortex and (2) source memory signa
179 Relative to sham, e-stim training increased DG volume by approximately 10% and astrogliogenesis by 7
181 thesized that use of a task requiring intact DG function would emphasize molecular signals in the DG
187 Controlling for baseline volumes, the left DG/CA3 region was significantly larger following memanti
189 esonance imaging at 7 T, we found that lower DG volume and higher CA3 activation was associated with
192 heria toxin-based ablation of >50% of mature DG granule cells (GCs) or by prolonged brain-specific VE
194 c overexpression of human tau (hTau) in mice DG interneurons induced AHN deficits but increased neura
195 DDSui without ELA had fewer anterior and mid DG GNs (p < .0001), fewer anterior DG NPCs (p < .0001),
198 ns in live slices across key stages of mouse DG development, testing decades old static models of DG
204 hat muscle contractions alone, in absence of DG activation, are sufficient to increase adult hippocam
205 lters differentiation and dendritogenesis of DG NSCs and investigate the possibility that these alter
206 over, selective chemogenetic inactivation of DG-CA3 circuitry completely and reversibly abolishes the
207 ating in extensive, highly selective loss of DG GCs (thereby also reinforcing the notion of selective
208 exciting new insights into the mechanisms of DG computational processes, particularly for the encodin
209 opment, testing decades old static models of DG formation with molecular identification, genetic-line
210 tress exhibited a reduction in the number of DG stem cells, but unchanged neurogenesis suggesting a d
212 establish Tiam1 as an essential regulator of DG granule cell development, and identify it as a possib
213 lts suggest that Tiam1 is a key regulator of DG granule cell stabilization and function within hippoc
214 results reveal a causal and specific role of DG-CA3 circuitry in the maintenance of latent informatio
215 Here we perform unbiased RNA sequencing of DG engram neurons 24 h after contextual fear conditionin
216 ate that Tiam1 promotes the stabilization of DG granule cell dendritic arbors, spines, and synapses,
218 the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) is expressed on DG NSCs and that MSA leads to a two-fold elevation of en
219 /survival rates, restoring a nearly original DG mass, promoting proper rewiring of regenerated neuron
221 find that Tiam1's support of perforant path-DG synapse function is dependent on its GEF domain and i
224 y do not change in adults, while presynaptic DG mossy fiber boutons undergo significant structural re
225 ress leads to a more immature, proliferative DG than would be expected for the animal's age immediate
226 These results indicate that Tiam1 promotes DG granule cell dendrite and synapse stabilization late
229 ortance, the molecular mechanisms regulating DG neural circuit assembly and function remain unclear.
230 old, we observed that greater left and right DG volume, and greater activity in the CA3 was associate
233 ta phase, but not vice versa; (2) similarly, DG high-gamma amplitude was significantly coupled to CA1
236 try, we used mouse brain slices to stimulate DG afferents and simultaneously record DG granule cells
237 iptome changes in the hippocampal subfields, DG, CA3, and CA1 from individuals with SZ psychosis and
238 address this issue, we inflicted substantial DG-specific damage in mice of either sex either by dipht
240 theta phase, but not vice versa, and (3) the DG high-gamma-CA1 theta PAC was significantly correlated
243 e association study genetic weights from the DG-GCL, which identified many schizophrenia-associated g
247 n between newly generated neuroblasts in the DG and cognition deficits in miR-17-92 knockout (KO) mic
248 dendrites of host excitatory neurons in the DG and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus, implying an
250 neuropeptide Y-positive interneurons in the DG correlated with a reduced number of activated egr-1(+
252 he activity of different neuron types in the DG during memory tasks and have provided exciting new in
254 hippocampal subregions indicated DEGs in the DG of middle-age rats, linked to synaptic function and n
255 beled cells which co-expressed Prox-1 in the DG of rmTBI-injured mice which coincided with enhanced c
257 e activity, adult-born neurons (ABNs) in the DG play critical roles in memory; however, their memory
259 was elevated in all three age groups in the DG, but temporally delayed to 18-20 months in the CA3 of
260 is expected to be exclusively present in the DG, whereas other processes (angiogenesis, synaptogenesi
261 pe-enriched aging and genetic effects in the DG-GCL that were either absent or directionally discorda
262 on quantitative trait loci identified in the DG-GCL, 15% were not detected in bulk hippocampus, inclu
265 nd classified two types of LFP events in the DG: high-amplitude dentate spikes (DSs), and a novel eve
267 ntribute to changing the excitability of the DG and CA3 during memory discrimination via transient di
268 eflects the pattern separation output of the DG and instead performs a computation that reflects an a
269 ndings suggest that the volume change of the DG is related to the antidepressant properties of ECT, a
272 ng also the exceptional vulnerability of the DG to insults, these findings provide a further rational
274 dentified distinct molecular profiles of the DG, CA3, and CA1 in SZ psychosis may serve to identify f
275 throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the DG, replicating the expected distribution of MC axons.
276 resent in specific layers and regions of the DG, such as PARK7, RACK1, and connexin 31/gap junction.
277 mination in the inner molecular layer of the DG, we discovered that the axonal projections of dorsal
283 intact CREB function specifically within the DG engram during memory consolidation, and identify a no
285 t all three excitatory cell types within the DG/pCA3 circuit may act as a single functional unit to s
287 and substrate has been investigated for this DG-mediated late-stage functionalization reactions along
289 s suggest that MCs in the dorsal and ventral DG differ in the distribution of their axonal projection
290 n assumed that MCs in the dorsal and ventral DG have similar patterns of termination in the inner one
291 ng unilateral labeling of MCs in the ventral DG, a dense band of fibers was present in the inner one-
294 attern separation, and spatial coding, while DG dysfunction is associated with neuropsychiatric disor
296 p = .0190) only in control subjects in whole DG, showing no effect on NPCs and DG volume in MDDSui.
297 erior DG NPCs (p < .0001), and smaller whole DG volume (p = .0005) compared with control subjects wit
298 theta PAC was significantly correlated with DG -> CA1 Granger causality, a well-established analytic
299 in hippocampal function by interfering with DG assembly and ultimately diminishing the adult stem ce
300 reciated regenerative potential of the young DG and suggests hippocampal NSCs as a critical reservoir