ライフサイエンスコーパス: Ehrlichia

1 enus Anaplasma and the closely related genus Ehrlichia.

2 , lipopolysaccharide-lacking, monocytotropic Ehrlichia.

3 o a low dose but succumbed to a high dose of Ehrlichia.

4 otropic ehrlichiosis caused by Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia.

5 l revealed key themes in the pathogenesis of Ehrlichia.

6 le targeted knockouts may become feasible in Ehrlichia.

7 unopathology during infection with monocytic Ehrlichia.

8 ) had increased resistance to infection with Ehrlichia.

9 2), IL-15, and IL-18 genes, which might make Ehrlichia a stealth organism for the macrophage.

10 tive obligate intracellular bacteria such as Ehrlichia and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, as well as obli

11 athogen of humans that is closely related to Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species.

12 say that detects known pathogenic species of Ehrlichia and ANAPLASMA: The species was determined by u

13 Also of note was that Ehrlichia and Rickettsia bacteria were detected in each

14 ecent findings include descriptions of novel Ehrlichia and Rickettsia species, recognition of the occ

15 of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in immunity to Ehrlichia and the pathogenesis of fatal ehrlichiosis cau

16 cellular organisms in the genera Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma, persists in ticks and mammalia

17 Ehrlichia antibody testing was performed by using an ind

18 fatal monocytotropic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia bacteria from Ixodes ovatus (IOE) to determine

19 Our studies of highly pathogenic Ehrlichia bacteria isolated from Ixodes ovatus (IOE) rev

20 re Borrelia, Babesia, Anaplasma, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Bartonella, Francisella, Powassan virus, tick

21 The 38 specimens that were positive for Ehrlichia by both PCR/ESI-MS and the PCR-EIA were furthe

22 adaptive pathogenic immune responses against Ehrlichia by influencing T cell priming functions of den

23 tA genes revealed the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, and Rickettsia bacte

24 Immunoreactive proteins of Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis that have been

25 phagocytophilum antibodies but negative for Ehrlichia canis antibodies.

26 Ehrlichia canis causes a potentially fatal rickettsial d

27 n designated MmpA was cloned by screening an Ehrlichia canis expression library with convalescent dog

28 on oligonucleotide sequences from the unique Ehrlichia canis gene, p30, to facilitate studies that re

29 Ehrlichia canis has a small subset of major immunoreacti

30 Ehrlichia canis major immunoreactive proteins of 36 and

31 m MSP2 (p44), Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28-OMP, Ehrlichia canis p30, and Ehrlichia ruminantium MAP1, and

32 .3 kDa with 26.3% identity to a hypothetical Ehrlichia canis protein with no known function.

33 ehrlichiosis were examined for infection of Ehrlichia canis using PCR, multiplex real-time PCR, and

34 Ehrlichia canis virB9 was cloned and expressed.

35 reactive ferric ion-binding protein (Fbp) of Ehrlichia canis was identified and its iron-binding capa

36 -kDa major immunoreactive protein (gp200) of Ehrlichia canis were defined.

37 (Dsb) proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia canis were identified which restored DsbA acti

38 Ehrlichia canis, a small obligately intracellular, tick-

39 pathogens tested (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia canis, and Rickettsia rickettsii), but the sam

40 siales, including Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia canis, E. chaffeensis, E. ewingii, Rickettsia

41 ndicated that both dogs were coinfected with Ehrlichia canis, E. platys, and E. equi.

42 been identified in Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia canis, including three molecularly and immunol

43 sociated with exposure to canine parvovirus, Ehrlichia canis, Neospora caninum and perhaps rabies vir

44 We previously culture isolated a strain of Ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichio

45 Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks transmit Ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of canine ehrlichio

46 phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Ehrlichia canis.

47 ttsial pathogens in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia cause acute infection in immunologically naive

48 000 and 2001 were positive by PCR assays for Ehrlichia chaffeensis (50 of 217; 23%), Ehrlichia ewingi

49 Whereas Ehrlichia chaffeensis (HME) often causes meningoencephal

50 coinfections with nonviral pathogens (2 with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and 1 with Mycoplasma pneumoniae).

51 Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are

52 y both a polymerase chain reaction assay for Ehrlichia chaffeensis and by the demonstration of morula

53 Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis have a small subset o

54 Only Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. ewingii have been thought t

55 e disulfide bond formation (Dsb) proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia canis were identifie

56 unoreactive proteins have been identified in Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia canis, including thr

57 locus is conserved in the omp1 gene locus of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and p30 gene locus of E. canis des

58 basis of serologic cross-reactivity between Ehrlichia chaffeensis and the agent of HGE.

59 Ehrlichia chaffeensis AnkA was recently reported to be t

60 minant outer membrane proteins (P28 OMPs) of Ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a multigene family.

61 ng an indirect immunofluorescence assay with Ehrlichia chaffeensis as the antigenic substrate.

62 single copy of the mmpA gene in E. canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis but not in the human granulocytic

63 lasm of the reticulate forms of E. canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis but was notably found on extracell

64 Ehrlichia chaffeensis components that induce inflammatio

65 g ubiquitous transcription across the entire Ehrlichia chaffeensis genome.

66 n the closely related A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis have been shown to localize to the

67 sive myocarditis and multiorgan failure from Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a previously healthy adolescent

68 Previous studies of Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in the mouse have demons

69 can protect susceptible SCID mice from fatal Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection, an observation that has

70 Ehrlichia chaffeensis invades and survives in phagocytes

71 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligate intracellular bacte

72 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligate intracellular bacte

73 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligate intracellular bacte

74 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligate, intracellular bact

75 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular bac

76 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular bac

77 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular bac

78 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular gra

79 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular Gra

80 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular and

81 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular bac

82 Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligatory intracellular bac

83 -copy gene and was located downstream of two Ehrlichia chaffeensis omp-1 homologs and a decarboxylase

84 were similar to those of human infection by Ehrlichia chaffeensis or EMLA.

85 ation (ChIP) with DNA sequencing revealed an Ehrlichia chaffeensis p200 interaction located within ho

86 Homologous sequences for Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28 were compared to sequences of

87 ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum MSP2 (p44), Ehrlichia chaffeensis p28-OMP, Ehrlichia canis p30, and

88 The surface proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis provide an important interface for

89 otably, the obligate intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis resides in early endosome-like vac

90 Ehrlichia chaffeensis secretes tandem repeat protein (TR

91 munoreactive proteins of Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis that have been characterized inclu

92 hreatening tick-borne zoonoses, is caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis that lacks endotoxin and peptidogl

93 reactive glycoprotein (gp19) ortholog of the Ehrlichia chaffeensis variable-length PCR target (VLPT)

94 Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis was reported in 1987.

95 Ehrlichia chaffeensis was suspected as the causal agent

96 28-kDa outer membrane protein gene (p28) of Ehrlichia chaffeensis were analyzed to determine the mec

97 ge immunodominant outer membrane proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis were transcribed in blood monocyte

98 ions caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis with the ompA, 17-kDa surface anti

99 ed by 1) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Ehrlichia chaffeensis, 2) acute and convalescent serum t

100 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a bacterium that cannot survive o

101 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a cholesterol-rich and cholestero

102 man monocytotropic ehrlichiosis is caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a Gram-negative bacterium lacking

103 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-borne rickettsial organism

104 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-transmitted obligate intra

105 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-transmitted rickettsial ag

106 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-transmitted rickettsial ag

107 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-transmitted rickettsial, i

108 fe-threatening, infectious disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligate intracellular bacteri

109 le targeted mutations by allelic exchange in Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligate intracellular tick-bo

110 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligate intracellular, tick-t

111 The genome of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligatory intracellular bacte

112 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligatory intracellular gram-

113 ogous proteins in Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Ehrlichia canis.

114 ntibodies are essential for immunity against Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and protective mechanisms involve

115 With the recent discoveries of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and "Borrelia

116 tion by the obligate intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis, even when administered well after

117 ion of an obligatory intracellular pathogen, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, is characterized by formation of

118 thogenic bacteria, such as Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and Ricke

119 ed by the use of template DNA extracted from Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Rickettsia rickettsii, and Barton

120 Infection of humans with Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human mono

121 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human mono

122 Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human mono

123 Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophila and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agents of granulocy

124 ciens are found in an intravacuolar pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the tick-borne causative agent of

125 s encoding two surface-expressed antigens of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the variable-length PCR target (V

126 In the rickettsial pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the virBD genes are split into tw

127 sma (formerly Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, upon infection of humans, replica

128 ed by the obligately intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

129 osis (HME) is a tick-borne disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

130 is caused by a tick-transmitted rickettsia, Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

131 tick-borne disease caused by the rickettsia Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

132 PCR assay was developed for the detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

133 the 28-kDa major antigenic protein (P28) of Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

134 tick-borne zoonoses caused by infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

135 th a lipopolysaccharide-deficient bacterium, Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

136 resistance of IL-18Ralpha(-/-) mice against Ehrlichia correlated with increased proinflammatory cyto

137 Recombinant Ehrlichia Dsb (eDsb) proteins were recognized by sera fr

138 ion with a closely related weakly pathogenic ehrlichia, Ehrlichia muris.

139 terial pathogens in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia encode a protein superfamily, pfam01617, which

140 for Ehrlichia chaffeensis (50 of 217; 23%), Ehrlichia ewingii (44 of 217; 20%), and Anaplasma specie

141 e marrow biopsy specimens, and PCR amplified Ehrlichia ewingii DNA from both specimens.

142 CR was used to amplify a 537-bp region of an Ehrlichia ewingii gene encoding a homologue of the 28-kD

143 A case of Ehrlichia ewingii infection likely transmitted by transf

144 recent discoveries of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and "Borrelia lonestari," the public

145 ncultivable obligate intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia ewingii, previously known only as a canine pat

146 ad an initial PPA greater than 97.0%, except Ehrlichia ewingii, with a PPA of 88.9%.

147 This report reveals Ehrlichia exploitation of the evolutionarily conserved W

148 f dense-cored ehrlichiae and detected in the Ehrlichia-free supernatants, indicating that these prote

149 rlichiosis during infection with a strain of Ehrlichia from Ixodes ovatus (IOE) were evaluated using

150 chia-infected canine cells covers 93% of the Ehrlichia genome, suggesting ubiquitous transcription ac

151 evidence of infection using PCR targeting an Ehrlichia genus-wide 16S rDNA target.

152 emory T cells in protection against virulent Ehrlichia have not been completely investigated.

153 ype I secretion proteins are secreted at the Ehrlichia-host interface.

154 trafficking of DiI-labeled host membranes to Ehrlichia In addition, DiI-labeled host-cell membranes w

155 models for persistent infection in the genus Ehrlichia in immunocompetent mice have not been characte

156 Genogroup II ehrlichia, including the agent of human granulocytic ehr

157 embranes were unidirectionally trafficked to Ehrlichia inclusion and bacterial membranes, but DiI-pre

158 Our results support the notion that Ehrlichia inclusions are amphisomes formed through fusio

159 The trafficking of host-cell membranes to Ehrlichia inclusions was dependent on both host endocyti

160 fector Etf-1, which traffic to and fuse with Ehrlichia inclusions.

161 y to fatal ehrlichiosis, because it mediates ehrlichia-induced immunopathology and supports bacterial

162 nic versus protective immunity in a model of Ehrlichia-induced immunopathology.

163 We have shown that liver injury and Ehrlichia-induced sepsis occur due to dysregulated infla

164 estigated the contribution of macrophages to Ehrlichia-induced sepsis using murine models of mild and

165 that TNFR I/II and TNF-alpha participate in Ehrlichia-induced shock and host defense by regulating l

166 ion, our data suggest that NKT cells mediate Ehrlichia-induced T-cell-mediated toxic shock-like syndr

167 unopathology in which CD8(+) T cells mediate Ehrlichia-induced toxic shock, which is associated with

168 ions of natural killer (NK) and NKT cells in Ehrlichia-induced toxic shock.

169 g a pathogenic role for IL-18/IL-18Ralpha in Ehrlichia-induced toxic shock.

170 racellular bacterial pathogens Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infect leukocytes by hijacking host-cell compo

171 cterial mRNA-enriched samples generated from Ehrlichia-infected canine cells covers 93% of the Ehrlic

172 Ehrlichia-infected flies showed decreased survival compa

173 Polyclonal sera generated in I. ovatus ehrlichia-infected mice recognized a conserved ehrlichia

174 rotein p200 is translocated to the nuclei of Ehrlichia-infected monocytes.

175 ture of memory CD8 T cells and Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia-infected peritoneal exudate cells resulted in

176 ibit cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity against Ehrlichia-infected target cells.

177 mmunofluorescence assay (IFA) using cultured ehrlichia-infected whole cells as antigen.

178 oles that Msp2 proteins play in granulocytic ehrlichia infection and evolution of the polymorphic maj

179 oral immunity plays an essential role during ehrlichia infection in immunocompetent mice, we utilized

180 Omental plasmablasts elicited during Ehrlichia infection lacked expression of CD138 but expre

181 ypothesize that inflammation associated with ehrlichia infection suppresses bone marrow function, ind

182 s were demonstrated for the first time in an Ehrlichia infection to exhibit cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ac

183 a primary low-dose (nonfatal) Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia infection, a secondary low-dose challenge infe

184 were also susceptible to sublethal I. ovatus ehrlichia infection, as were mice that lacked the phox91

185 address the role of cellular immunity during ehrlichia infection, we have used a newly described mode

186 to resolve a low-dose (sublethal) I. ovatus ehrlichia infection, which suggested that humoral immuni

187 are expressed concurrently during persistent Ehrlichia infection.

188 aluable dogs had evidence of past or current Ehrlichia infection.

189 d by interleukin (IL)-10 after initiation by ehrlichia infection.

190 paired bacterial clearance during persistent Ehrlichia infection.

191 Ehrlichia infections activated both the cellular and hum

192 infection with highly virulent Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia (IOE), an obligate intracellular bacterium tha

193 uses persistent infection, and Ixodes ovatus Ehrlichia (IOE), which is either acutely lethal or suble

194 f fatal ehrlichiosis caused by Ixodes ovatus Ehrlichia (IOE).

195 mice with virulent Ehrlichia (Ixodes ovatus Ehrlichia [IOE]) results in CD8+ T-cell-mediated fatal t

196 ed from an Ixodes ovatus tick (Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia, IOE).

197 Ehrlichia is an obligate Gram-negative intracellular bac

198 of the previously reported Venezuelan human Ehrlichia isolate (VHE) and was closely related (99.9%)

199 animal model of severe HME using a strain of Ehrlichia isolated from Ixodes ovatus ticks (IOE).

200 fection of wild-type (WT) mice with virulent Ehrlichia (Ixodes ovatus Ehrlichia [IOE]) results in CD8

201 and bacterial membranes, but DiI-prelabeled Ehrlichia membranes were not trafficked to host-cell mem

202 (LPS)-negative alpha-Proteobacteria such as Ehrlichia muris and Sphingomonas capsulata.

203 he human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent, or Ehrlichia muris DNA.

204 Infection of mice with the bacterium Ehrlichia muris elicits a protective T cell-independent

205 c infection with the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia muris elicits a protective, long-term IgM resp

206 ent of WT mice infected with mildly virulent Ehrlichia muris impaired bacterial clearance and enhance

207 Although Ehrlichia muris infection elicits a robust expansion of

208 report the histopathological progression of Ehrlichia muris infection in immunocompetent mice (AKR a

209 Ehrlichia muris infection in mice causes a loss of germi

210 en-specific CD4(+) T cells during persistent Ehrlichia muris infection in wild-type and interleukin-1

211 During Ehrlichia muris infection, TI IgM secretion in the splee

212 The B cell response to Ehrlichia muris is dominated by plasmablasts (PBs), with

213 s of protective immunity were examined in an Ehrlichia muris mouse model of monocytotropic ehrlichios

214 Mice were primed with either Ehrlichia muris or closely related virulent ehrlichiae t

215 ly virulent IOE strain and the less virulent Ehrlichia muris strain that are closely related to E. ch

216 In this study, we show in a mouse model of Ehrlichia muris that type 1 T follicular helper (T(FH1))

217 vivo during acute and chronic infection with Ehrlichia muris, a bacterium that establishes persistent

218 Infection with Ehrlichia muris, a pathogen closely related to E. chaffe

219 also generated during infection of mice with Ehrlichia muris, a tick-borne intracellular bacterial pa

220 Our previous study demonstrated that Ehrlichia muris, an obligate intracellular tick-borne pa

221 HME is modeled in C57BL/6 mice using Ehrlichia muris, which causes persistent infection, and

222 Within the bone marrow of Ehrlichia muris-infected C57BL/6 mice, we observed a red

223 is with the newly discovered human pathogen, Ehrlichia muris-like agent (EMLA).

224 ehrlichial infection using a human pathogen, Ehrlichia muris-like agent (EMLA).

225 closely related weakly pathogenic ehrlichia, Ehrlichia muris.

226 OE or intraperitoneally with mildly virulent Ehrlichia muris.

227 e for generating plasmablasts in response to Ehrlichia muris.

228 t not in response to a less virulent strain, Ehrlichia muris.

229 The broad-range assay detected Ehrlichia or Anaplasma DNA in 20 (26%) of the symptomati

230 rlichia-infected mice recognized a conserved ehrlichia outer membrane protein and, when administered

231 ction of ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia phagocytophila did not appear to affect the tr

232 he agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Ehrlichia phagocytophila, and the bovine pathogen Anapla

233 Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophila and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the

234 Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophila's major immunodominant surface

235 Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, up

236 marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) with lethal Ehrlichia polarized M0 macrophages into M1 phenotype und

237 dent manner, while infection with non-lethal Ehrlichia polarized these cells into M2 types.

238 To investigate the species distribution of Ehrlichia present in Missouri dogs, we tested 78 dogs su

239 Because Ehrlichia prominently infects the liver, we investigated

240 able to bacteria in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, removing a major technical impediment to the

241 permissive" genes for the ability to support Ehrlichia replication.

242 expressed from the map1 multigene family of Ehrlichia ruminantium are strongly recognized by immune

243 haffeensis p28-OMP, Ehrlichia canis p30, and Ehrlichia ruminantium MAP1, and has been shown to be inv

244 loci were examined between three genomes of Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater

245 Human neutrophils migrate towards Ehrlichia sp.-infected cells in a chemotaxis chamber ass

246 Ehrlichia species are intracellular bacteria that cause

247 35 homologs are found in other Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species but not in other bacteria.

248 University Hospital, 40 were positive for an Ehrlichia species by PCR/ESI-MS, giving a positive rate

249 Ehrlichia species can cause life-threatening infections

250 trometry (PCR/ESI-MS) to detect and identify Ehrlichia species directly from blood specimens.

251 al major immunoreactive protein orthologs of Ehrlichia species have recently been identified and mole

252 , but not Toll-like receptors, suggests that Ehrlichia species have unique inflammatory molecules.

253 Rapid detection and identification of Ehrlichia species improves clinical outcome for patients

254 We report a new ehrlichia species in Minnesota and Wisconsin and provide

255 ela, documentation of coinfection with three Ehrlichia species in two dogs, one from each country, be

256 ccines to protect animals and people against Ehrlichia species infections.

257 Genetic analyses revealed that this new ehrlichia species is closely related to E. muris.

258 E. ewingii is the only Ehrlichia species known to infect neutrophils.

259 sota or Wisconsin were positive for the same ehrlichia species on polymerase-chain-reaction testing.

260 specimens were Anaplasma phagocytophilum; no Ehrlichia species were identified.

261 urve analysis to differentiate Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species with blood smear and serologic methods

262 f the 27-kb locus or the 28-kb locus of each Ehrlichia species, 14 paralogs were linked by short inte

263 athogen interactions have been identified in Ehrlichia species, but their roles in pathobiology are u

264 ests that dogs could be a reservoir for this Ehrlichia species.

265 s and is conserved among other Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species.

266 d instead to be caused by a newly discovered ehrlichia species.

267 ludes a 19-kDa protein that elicits an early Ehrlichia-specific antibody response in infected dogs.

268 cific polyclonal Abs and IFN-gamma-producing Ehrlichia-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) type 1 cells protec

269 cell numbers, and increased the frequency of Ehrlichia-specific CD4(+) Th1 cells in comparison to inf

270 drome characterized by a decreased number of Ehrlichia-specific CD4(+) Th1 cells, the expansion of tu

271 imed mice correlated with (i) decline in the Ehrlichia-specific CD4+ and CD8+ type 1 responses, (ii)

272 D4+ and CD8+ memory type 1 T-cell responses, Ehrlichia-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, an

273 ing this intracellular infection, a panel of Ehrlichia-specific mAbs was generated and analyzed.

274 essing B cells nearly eliminated the omental Ehrlichia-specific plasmablasts and reduced antigen-spec

275 Moreover, we found a high frequency of Ehrlichia-specific plasmablasts in the omentum of both c

276 Transfer of Ehrlichia-specific polyclonal Abs and IFN-gamma-producin

277 ection against lethal infection, (ii) strong Ehrlichia-specific secondary gamma interferon (IFN-gamma

278 of TNF-alpha in the serum, high frequency of Ehrlichia-specific, TNF-alpha-producing CD8(+) T cells i

279 ured from the study sites were infected with Ehrlichia spp.

280 mproved molecular diagnostic assay to detect Ehrlichia spp.

281 sodB-based quantitative PCR assay to detect Ehrlichia spp.

282 Anaplasma and related Ehrlichia spp. are important tick-borne, Gram-negative b

283 ar survival and replication of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. in granulocytes or monocytes.

284 three virB genes in these two Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. is regulated by factors that influence th

285 vergence in Ank function among Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. is supported by both locus and allelic an

286 eria, the absence of an intact fbp operon in Ehrlichia spp. suggests that genes involved in ehrlichia

287 The ability to detect Ehrlichia spp. within individual experimentally infected

288 e basic developmental cycle of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. within the tick has been delineated, ther

289 linically validated real-time PCR assays for Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia spp.,

290 e tested for Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Anaplasma phagocytophilum.

291 ection with a high dose of a highly virulent Ehrlichia strain (IOE) results in a toxic shock-like syn

292 Infection with gram-negative monocytotropic Ehrlichia strains results in a fatal toxic shock-like sy

293 hrlichiosis caused by related monocytotropic Ehrlichia strains.

294 to develop a tick transmission model with an Ehrlichia that is pathogenic for humans.

295 is that results from infection of mice by an ehrlichia that was isolated from an Ixodes ovatus tick (

296 r processes and molecular cross talk between Ehrlichia TRPs and host targets.

297 ing that molecular cross talk occurs between Ehrlichia TRPs and host targets.

298 An ehrlichial agent (Venezuelan dog Ehrlichia [VDE]) was isolated and propagated in cell cul

299 he novel exploitation of the SUMO pathway by Ehrlichia, which facilitates effector-eukaryote interact

300 ovel host response to obligate intracellular Ehrlichia, whose survival depends entirely on a long evo