ライフサイエンスコーパス: H. capsulatum

1 H. capsulatum CF and/or ID testing was positive in 47 (7

2 H. capsulatum conidia were also cytotoxic to amoebae.

3 H. capsulatum expresses several iron acquisition mechani

4 H. capsulatum grows as a multicellular hypha in the soil

5 H. capsulatum ID was positive in 42 (62.7%) patients, wi

6 H. capsulatum is known to secrete Fe(III)-binding hydrox

7 H. capsulatum must compete with the host to acquire the

8 H. capsulatum remains an important pathogen among immuno

9 H. capsulatum uses different host receptors for binding

10 H. capsulatum var. farciminosum was found within the Sou

11 H. capsulatum yeasts expressed CBP1 in all of these sett

12 H. capsulatum-infected CCR2(-/-) mice manifested defects

13 capsulatum that correctly identified the 34 H. capsulatum isolates in a battery of 107 fungal isolat

14 In addition, after H. capsulatum yeasts were subjected to a calcium-free sh

15 ibited additive fungistatic activity against H. capsulatum yeasts.

16 tein (BPI) also mediated fungistasis against H. capsulatum in a concentration-dependent manner.

17 exhibited no significant fungistasis against H. capsulatum yeasts.

18 ation of WGA-Fc fully protected mice against H. capsulatum, correlating with a reduction in lung, spl

19 nce, the capacity of IgG MAbs to agglutinate H. capsulatum significantly impacted pathogenic mechanis

20 atum var. capsulatum, (iii) Central American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum, (iv) South American H. ca

21 ified six clades: (i) class 1 North American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum, (ii) class 2 North Americ

22 var. capsulatum, (ii) class 2 North American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum, (iii) Central American H.

23 With the exception of the South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum group A clade, genetic dis

24 iminosum was found within the South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum group A clade.

25 sulatum var. capsulatum, (iv) South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum group A, (v) South America

26 var. capsulatum group A, (v) South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum group B, and (vi) H. capsu

27 These results suggest that GH17 encodes an H. capsulatum antigen that may be useful for the diagnos

28 generated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to an H. capsulatum surface-expressed heat shock protein of 60

29 rter fusions analysed in B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum confirmed that BAD1 is transcriptionally r

30 hod for the detection of B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum from culture isolates and directly from cl

31 detect and differentiate B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum from culture isolates and directly from cl

32 e dehydrogenase genes of B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum, respectively.

33 oydii as well as against B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum.

34 athogenicity in Blastomyces dermatitidis and H. capsulatum.

35 at importance to its success or failure, and H. capsulatum is good at finding or making the right env

36 Treatment of naive and H. capsulatum-immune mice with caspase inhibitors decrea

37 ins, cathepsin G, and BPI are the major anti-H. capsulatum effector molecules in the azurophil granul

38 Because H. capsulatum displays a considerable array of virulence

39 5.7%) patients, with reactivity against both H. capsulatum mycelial and yeast antigens in 30 (68.2%)

40 We report a case of sinusitis caused by H. capsulatum in a patient with AIDS.

41 l three families of siderophores excreted by H. capsulatum.

42 is morphologic switch, which is exhibited by H. capsulatum and a group of evolutionarily related fung

43 esults are consistent with the expression by H. capsulatum of both enzymatic ferric reductase and non

44 F-1alpha protein, exceeding those induced by H. capsulatum, altered macrophage responses to this path

45 C can override one of the strategies used by H. capsulatum yeasts to survive intracellularly within M

46 that immunoglobulin Gs (IgGs) to Hsp60 cause H. capsulatum aggregation dependent on the (i) concentra

47 Consequently, H. capsulatum was selectively deprived of Zn, thereby ha

48 eased the capacity of DC to kill and degrade H. capsulatum yeasts.

49 -induced resistance against B. dermatitidis, H. capsulatum, and C. posadasii.

50 mples but the Isolator system alone detected H. capsulatum in seven samples.

51 107 fungal isolates tested and also detected H. capsulatum in clinical specimens from three patients

52 istoplasma capsulatum; both systems detected H. capsulatum in seven samples but the Isolator system a

53 sensitive and specific as an aid to diagnose H. capsulatum infection and disease, supporting proof of

54 on of Tregs in the lungs prior to and during H. capsulatum infection.

55 We propose that during H. capsulatum infection of mammalian hosts, spontaneous

56 hat of cells from mice immunized with either H. capsulatum recombinant Hsp70 or bovine serum albumin.

57 g the 29 horses with suspected cases of EZL, H. capsulatum var. farciminosum was confirmed by extract

58 tly survive within macrophages, facilitating H. capsulatum translocation from the lung into the lymph

59 Finally, H. capsulatum displays morphotype-specific expression of

60 86% for B. dermatitidis and 100% and 73% for H. capsulatum compared with the results for culture.

61 midine biosynthetic pathway is essential for H. capsulatum growth and virulence.

62 are the predominant infectious particle for H. capsulatum and are the first cell type encountered by

63 Eighteen of 19 blood cultures positive for H. capsulatum grew in both IS and MFL, although the time

64 Specific probes for H. capsulatum, B. dermatitidis, C. immitis, P. brasilien

65 ciens-mediated mutagenesis, and screened for H. capsulatum insertional mutants that were unable to su

66 and 100% specificity and 94% sensitivity for H. capsulatum.

67 he Accuprobe DNA and the exoantigen test for H. capsulatum var. capsulatum.

68 on with AmB may be useful as a treatment for H. capsulatum in immunodeficient hosts.

69 ssaying for beta-galactosidase activity from H. capsulatum transformants, we identified a 102-bp regi

70 The dimorphic probe hybridized with DNA from H. capsulatum, B. dermatitidis, C. immitis, P. brasilien

71 from inorganic or organic ferric salts, from H. capsulatum hydroxamate siderophores, or from host Fe(

72 A "dimorphic" fungus, H. capsulatum exists as a saprophytic mold in soil and c

73 ell as concordance of four gene genealogies, H. capsulatum could be considered to harbor six species

74 g 67 culture-confirmed patients who also had H. capsulatum CF/ID testing ordered, 51 (67.1%) were imm

75 To understand how H. capsulatum responds to RNS, we determined the transcr

76 However, H. capsulatum can establish persistent infections, indic

77 In a screen to identify H. capsulatum genes required for lysis of bone marrow-de

78 In H. capsulatum BAD1 transformants, yeast phase-specific e

79 gical role of this immunodominant antigen in H. capsulatum, enzymatic assays were performed to determ

80 m, we designed a strategy to disrupt CBP1 in H. capsulatum using a telomeric linear plasmid and a two

81 g the balance between Treg and Th17 cells in H. capsulatum infection.

82 Here we show that a 250-fold difference in H. capsulatum susceptibility between inbred mouse strain

83 tion and is also expressed differentially in H. capsulatum strains of different virulence levels.

84 Apoptosis was diminished in H. capsulatum-infected gld/gld and TNF-alpha-deficient m

85 g DNA, which has not been previously done in H. capsulatum and has been challenging in some other pat

86 indicate the importance of Hcl1 function in H. capsulatum replication in the harsh growth environmen

87 be removed without compromising function in H. capsulatum, allowing construction of a substantially

88 pression of functional beta-galactosidase in H. capsulatum.

89 ntial for functional expression of a gene in H. capsulatum.

90 ve DPPIV homologs (HcDPPIVA and HcDPPIVB) in H. capsulatum based on a homology search with Aspergillu

91 rst nuclear DNA binding factor identified in H. capsulatum which binds to target sequences in a phase

92 t sulfur metabolism influences morphology in H. capsulatum.

93 rature-responsive transcriptional network in H. capsulatum, which switches from a filamentous form in

94 on, as well as in a substantial reduction in H. capsulatum burden at 35 and 90 days postinfection.

95 perimentally directed allelic replacement in H. capsulatum, or in any dimorphic systemic fungal patho

96 ommon ancestor, Wor1 in C. albicans, Ryp1 in H. capsulatum, and Mit1 in S. cerevisiae are transcripti

97 temperature-regulated morphologic switch in H. capsulatum.

98 egulates the yeast to mycelial transition in H. capsulatum.

99 quisition in pathogenic organisms, including H. capsulatum, is a highly regulated process.

100 colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), inhibit H. capsulatum growth in macrophages.

101 Interestingly, H. capsulatum growth was restricted in mice lacking the

102 on by transformation of an HAG1 plasmid into H. capsulatum.

103 In response to excess iron, H. capsulatum represses transcription of genes involved

104 tection in patients' sera of a 69- to 70-kDa H. capsulatum var. capsulatum-specific antigen which app

105 nce, IgG1 and IgG2a MAbs to Hsp60 can modify H. capsulatum pathogenesis in part by altering the intra

106 terations in the metal homeostasis of murine H. capsulatum-infected macrophages that were exposed to

107 Conversely, mycelial H. capsulatum did not produce CBP, a finding that correl

108 lture media inhibited the growth of mycelial H. capsulatum but had no effect on yeast growth in vitro

109 infection with H. capsulatum conidia but not H. capsulatum yeast cells.

110 Although the ability of H. capsulatum to prevent acidification of the macrophage

111 dentical disease occurring in the absence of H. capsulatum seropositivity.

112 After a lethal challenge of H. capsulatum, CD40L-/- mice were not substantially diff

113 , but small budding yeasts characteristic of H. capsulatum were present.

114 L-4 was associated with delayed clearance of H. capsulatum yeast and increased fungal burden.

115 be used to expedite culture confirmation of H. capsulatum in regions in which PDH is endemic.

116 ival and a reduction in the colony counts of H. capsulatum in internal organs at 14 days after infect

117 f naive and immune mice during the course of H. capsulatum infection.

118 Remarkably, despite a decrease of H. capsulatum CFU in lungs of CD4+ plus CD8+-deficient m

119 bacteria; however, the time to detection of H. capsulatum is increased.

120 the first reports of the direct detection of H. capsulatum var. farciminosum in equine blood and at h

121 The mean times to the detection of H. capsulatum were 8 days (range, 4 to 13 days) for MYCO

122 d to a single location in the genomic DNA of H. capsulatum.

123 were first infected with a sublethal dose of H. capsulatum (1 x 10(5)) and then reinfected 3 wk later

124 reinfected 3 wk later with a lethal dose of H. capsulatum (6 x 10(5)).

125 0L-/- mice infected with a sublethal dose of H. capsulatum survived infection, whereas all mice infec

126 initially infected with a sublethal dose of H. capsulatum were protected from secondary infection wi

127 om secondary infection with a lethal dose of H. capsulatum, demonstrating that CD40L is not required

128 To identify phase-regulated genes of H. capsulatum, we carried out expression analyses by usi

129 identify genes required for hyphal growth of H. capsulatum at RT and find that disruption of the sign

130 Chloroquine inhibits growth of H. capsulatum by pH-dependent iron deprivation, whereas

131 Growth of H. capsulatum mycelia in chemically defined minimal medi

132 macrophages to limit intracellular growth of H. capsulatum Thus, enhancement of HIF-1alpha creates a

133 Growth of H. capsulatum yeast in chemically defined minimal medium

134 -1, HNP-2, and HNP-3 inhibited the growth of H. capsulatum yeasts in a concentration-dependent manner

135 rphis by IFN-gamma and effective handling of H. capsulatum.

136 to a 60-kDa native antigen in immunoblots of H. capsulatum yeast antigen extract.

137 vival in response to a sublethal inoculum of H. capsulatum The absence of myeloid HIF-1alpha did not

138 were designed to amplify the Hcp100 locus of H. capsulatum.

139 neration of excess interleukin-4 in lungs of H. capsulatum-infected CCR2(-/-) mice is at least partia

140 lecular genetic analysis and manipulation of H. capsulatum, which have proven useful for examination

141 nificantly impacted pathogenic mechanisms of H. capsulatum during macrophage infection, and the effec

142 We have isolated a UV-induced mutant of H. capsulatum, resulting in nonreverting uracil auxotrop

143 of V-ATPase function in the pathogenicity of H. capsulatum, in iron homeostasis and in fungal dimorph

144 nii selected for, or induced, a phenotype of H. capsulatum that caused a persistent murine lung infec

145 The presence of H. capsulatum var. farciminosum DNA was confirmed by seq

146 ngs of infected mice, aberrant processing of H. capsulatum within macrophages, and immobilization of

147 The production of H. capsulatum-induced interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha was

148 we determined the transcriptional profile of H. capsulatum to *NO-generating compounds using a shotgu

149 Intracellular proliferation of H. capsulatum was measured in alveolar macrophages and p

150 important for survival and proliferation of H. capsulatum within macrophages.

151 stabilizer significantly reduced recovery of H. capsulatum from macrophages and produced a decrement

152 In addition, the relationships of H. capsulatum genotypes with clinically relevant phenoty

153 ue, was sufficient to increase resistance of H. capsulatum to RNS in culture.

154 formation on the hydroxamate siderophores of H. capsulatum.

155 tants were generated in a virulent strain of H. capsulatum by optimization of Agrobacterium tumefacie

156 virulence, thermal-sensitive Downs strain of H. capsulatum lacked detectable p30 binding activity in

157 xposure of an avirulent laboratory strain of H. capsulatum to A. castellanii selected for, or induced

158 and M phases of the virulent G217B strain of H. capsulatum were visualized by their capability for in

159 e activity to UV-mutagenized ura5 strains of H. capsulatum.

160 idence for the existence of two subgroups of H. capsulatum var. farciminosum.

161 N response is required for full virulence of H. capsulatum in mice.

162 s both surface localized in the cell wall of H. capsulatum and released into the culture medium.

163 The adverse effects of IL-4 on H. capsulatum elimination were not observed during the e

164 nation effects of the antibodies to Hsp60 on H. capsulatum yeast cells by light microscopy, flow cyto

165 uracil auxotrophy due to a ura5 mutation on H. capsulatum virulence in both cell culture and whole-a

166 that human dendritic cells (DC) phagocytose H. capsulatum yeasts and, unlike human macrophages (Mo)

167 considered a resident of the phagolysosome, H. capsulatum may also reside in a modified phagosome wi

168 s, the site preference measured for purified H. capsulatum P450nor was not constant, increasing from

169 Here, we report H. capsulatum ferric reduction activities in whole yeast

170 robial effector nitric oxide (*NO) restricts H. capsulatum replication.

171 l, this hypothesis has not been tested since H. capsulatum mutants that experience decreased phagosom

172 In vivo, Zn supplementation and subsequent H. capsulatum infection supressed MHCII on DCs, enhanced

173 These findings indicate that H. capsulatum conidia and yeast can produce melanin or m

174 We propose that H. capsulatum uses the pathways identified here to cope

175 This finding suggested that H. capsulatum exploited an autophagic process to survive

176 The H. capsulatum siderophore dimerum acid and the structura

177 s in H protein expression levels between the H. capsulatum classes, with a correlation between secret

178 ntified an insertion mutation disrupting the H. capsulatum homolog of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzy

179 robe used against C. immitis DNA and for the H. capsulatum probe used against Candida albicans DNA.

180 nt with observations in other organisms, the H. capsulatum hcl1 mutant was unable to grow on leucine

181 ) were too distant to unequivocally root the H. capsulatum tree.

182 light, with the notable distinction that the H. capsulatum circuit responds to temperature.

183 reted beta-glucosidase activities from three H. capsulatum restriction fragment length polymorphism (

184 Thus, H. capsulatum provokes an orderly modulation of the infl

185 inding MAb and were similar in appearance to H. capsulatum yeast cells.

186 DNA, they did not necessarily correspond to H. capsulatum open reading frames.

187 tive immunogen against pulmonary exposure to H. capsulatum.

188 genous IL-4 modulates protective immunity to H. capsulatum by delaying clearance of the organism but

189 ecessary for macrophage-mediated immunity to H. capsulatum in mice.

190 interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23 on immunity to H. capsulatum infection in mice.

191 CD40L was essential for primary immunity to H. capsulatum infection.

192 a critical element of protective immunity to H. capsulatum.

193 IgG) isotype monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to H. capsulatum Hsp60.

194 mice that received methamphetamine prior to H. capsulatum infection were immunologically impaired, w

195 arphis drove IL-10 production in response to H. capsulatum IL-10 inhibited Mvarphi control of fungal

196 ic/F bottle did not recover M. tuberculosis, H. capsulatum, or C. neoformans isolates.

197 Uracil auxotrophs of two H. capsulatum restriction fragment length polymorphism c

198 Wild-type H. capsulatum grows as filaments at room temperature and

199 capsulatum var. capsulatum group B, and (vi) H. capsulatum var. duboisii.

200 c assays were performed to determine whether H. capsulatum contained a beta-glucosidase enzyme activi

201 ave revealed an important mechanism by which H. capsulatum thwarts the host immune system.

202 against sublethal and lethal challenges with H. capsulatum yeasts.

203 ntained abundant yeast forms consistent with H. capsulatum.

204 asma but not morphologically consistent with H. capsulatum.

205 Substrate gels with H. capsulatum culture supernatants revealed beta-glucosi

206 FN-gamma(-/-) mice previously immunized with H. capsulatum and treated with amphotericin B at the tim

207 Splenocytes from mice immunized with H. capsulatum yeasts responded to purified CBP in prolif

208 activity were identified by incubation with H. capsulatum yeasts for 24 h and by quantifying the sub

209 40L-/-) and CD40L+/+ mice were infected with H. capsulatum and assessed for various parameters.

210 Tissues from mice infected with H. capsulatum and from biopsy specimens from a patient w

211 SCID mice infected with H. capsulatum and treated with IL-12 showed an increase

212 cytes and alveolar macrophages infected with H. capsulatum was inhibited by the addition of physiolog

213 prolonged the survival of mice infected with H. capsulatum.

214 induced in macrophages during infection with H. capsulatum conidia but not H. capsulatum yeast cells.

215 i) the immune response during infection with H. capsulatum is controlled via mechanisms independent o

216 fested a high mortality after infection with H. capsulatum, although TNFR1-/- mice were more suscepti

217 mediating protection against infection with H. capsulatum, CD40L-deficient (CD40L-/-) and CD40L+/+ m

218 ributes to host resistance to infection with H. capsulatum.

219 the lungs of mice infected intranasally with H. capsulatum.

220 that normal mice infected intravenously with H. capsulatum and treated with interleukin-12 (IL-12) at

221 s restored in the presence of wild-type (WT) H. capsulatum yeasts, or the hydroxamate siderophore, rh