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1 version event involving an older preexisting L1 element.
2 ative selection within any subregions of the L1 element.
3  human genomic diversity associated with the L1 elements.
4 ts are probably mobilized in trans by active L1 elements.
5 ears old) but not old (>6 million years old) L1 elements.
6 retrotransposition frequencies among various L1 elements.
7 tiate retrotransposition rates among similar L1 elements.
8 s (0.60/kb), in addition to numerous MIR and L1 elements.
9 a binding surrounded by pericentromeric LINE/L1 elements.
10 umulation of deleterious mutations caused by L1 elements.
11 representing a >20-fold increase over native L1 elements.
12 ess in humans is the highly abundant LINE-1 (L1) element.
13 on transcripts are initiated from endogenous L1 elements across the mouse genome.
14 ysis of the human EST database revealed that L1 elements also participate in splicing events with oth
15                 This analysis indicated that L1 elements also show a shift in their distribution, alt
16                             All of the preTa L1 elements analyzed by PCR were absent from the ortholo
17                                All of the Ta L1 elements analyzed by PCR were absent from the ortholo
18                                          The L1 elements analyzed displayed a similar tendency, in wh
19 ein factor involved in nuclear import of the L1 element and demonstrates that miR-128 controls L1 act
20 powerful system to study the cell biology of L1 elements and for the genetic identification and chara
21 the generation of hybrid transcripts between L1 elements and host genes.
22 its, and performed an integrated analysis of L1 elements and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) i
23 he implications of HAL1 for the evolution of L1 elements and the host genomes are discussed.
24 etrotransposition by various human and mouse L1 elements, and detailed the kinetics of L1 retrotransp
25                                              L1 elements are a type of long interspersed element (LIN
26                     Recent studies show that L1 elements are active and 'jumping' during neuronal dif
27                                         Many L1 elements are active and may generate potentially dele
28                                   Functional L1 elements are autonomous retrotransposons that can ins
29                                        Human L1 elements are highly abundant poly(A) (non-LTR) retrot
30                                              L1 elements are human transposons which replicate via an
31             Non-LTR retrotransposons such as L1 elements are major components of the mammalian genome
32 s in which unique DNA segments downstream of L1 elements are mobilized as part of aberrant retrotrans
33                                              L1 elements are not randomly distributed in genomic DNA
34                                              L1 elements are polyA retrotransposons which inhabit the
35       Genomic distributions of young Alu and L1 elements are quite similar, but over time, Alu densit
36 ols for in vivo mutagenesis; however, native L1 elements are relatively inactive in mice when introdu
37                                              L1 elements are retrotransposons currently active in mam
38                                              L1 elements are retrotransposons that have been replicat
39    A force of change in mammalian evolution, L1 elements are retrotransposons that have remained acti
40                                              L1 elements are the only active autonomous retrotranspos
41 erse transcription/integration reaction that L1 elements are thought to use during their retrotranspo
42                                              L1 elements are ubiquitous human transposons that replic
43       Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) elements are abundant, non-long-terminal-repeat (non
44                       Although human LINE-1 (L1) elements are actively mobilized in many cancers, a r
45                                      LINE-1 (L1) elements are retrotransposons that comprise large fr
46                                      LINE-1 (L1) elements are retrotransposons that insert extra copi
47                                      LINE-1 (L1) elements are the most abundant autonomous retrotrans
48                                   LINE-1, or L1, elements are retrotransposons that have amplified to
49 ied three human genes apparently "broken" by L1 elements, as well as 12 more candidate genes.
50 tions are polymorphic for the presence of an L1 element at a particular chromosomal location.
51 tion of high density and strand asymmetry of L1 elements at the imprinted Prader-Willi syndrome/Angel
52 and indicates a possible functional role for L1 elements at this locus.
53 ntron 24 and interestingly, within a LINE-1 (L1) element at Xp21.1.
54 esting that approximately 15% of full-length L1 elements bear evidence of flanking DNA segment transd
55 n-human primate genomes with 33 (14%) of the L1 elements being polymorphic with respect to insertion
56  locus despite differences in composition of L1 elements between rodent and human, requires a mechani
57 vation, these data suggest that unmethylated L1 elements, but not methylated L1s, may have a role in
58  (R-loops) and suppression of hyperactivated L1 elements by cooperating with histone methyltransferas
59            The rapid identification of novel L1 elements by these high-throughput approaches demands
60             This suggests that an individual L1 element can have substantial mutagenic potential.
61                             We conclude that L1 elements can continue to be regarded as essentially h
62                            Here we show that L1 elements can retrotranspose in male germ cells, and t
63 nterspersed nuclear element-1; also known as L1) element can retrotranspose in neuronal precursors de
64                                           As L1 elements constitute 17% of the human genome, chimeric
65    Thus, one or more properties unique to FL L1 elements constitute a genetic burden for modern human
66                                      LINE-1 (L1) elements constitute the major family of retrotranspo
67                                              L1 elements contain numerous functional internal polyade
68                We demonstrate that mammalian L1 elements contain numerous functional splice donor and
69 man L1 retrotransposons, the 5' UTR of mouse L1 elements contains tandem repeats of approximately 200
70 t classes of mobile elements, namely Alu and L1 elements, continue to generate new retrotransposon in
71 use and rat models containing human or mouse L1 elements controlled by their endogenous promoters.
72 onuclease activity of endogenously expressed L1 elements could contribute to DSB formation in germ-li
73 ernal A particle and lose DNA methylation of L1 elements, demonstrating an evolutionarily conserved r
74 ng up to 79% and 44% of variation in Alu and L1 element density, respectively.
75 ely active L1 elements or full length intact L1 elements (FLIs).
76                   The activity of individual L1 elements fluctuated during tumor evolution and correl
77 rive the expression of a highly active human L1 element from an adenovirus-L1 hybrid vector.
78                 We have identified 362 preTa L1 elements from the draft human genomic sequence, inves
79         Our analyses included 21 full-length L1 elements from the GenBank nonredundant database that
80 y for the direct identification of dimorphic L1 elements from the human genome.
81 e we characterize a novel subfamily of mouse L1 elements, G(F), which has unique monomer sequence and
82 f endogenous retrotransposons, predominantly L1 elements, greatly exceeding that reported in humans.
83 ces that includes an unusual cluster of four L1 elements > 92% identical over 2.8 kb.
84 ere, we focus on a unique category of "half -L1" elements (HAL1s), which encode ORF1p but not ORF2p.
85                                              L1 elements have a long evolutionary history dating to t
86                                              L1 elements have been evolving in mammals for > 100 mill
87                                              L1 elements have continued to actively propagate subsequ
88                                              L1 elements have contributed to the emergence of this lo
89                    Our results indicate that L1 elements have experienced different evolutionary fate
90                            Some of the young L1 elements have inserted into the human genome so recen
91 an evolution and characterized 21 loci where L1 elements have integrated without signs of endonucleas
92                                              L1 elements have proven useful as phylogenetic markers a
93       Retrotransposons, specifically Alu and L1 elements, have been especially successful in their ex
94 mbination between the same L1 and a colinear L1 element in intron 2 of COL4A6, resulting in a>40-kb d
95  donor L1s revealed that a handful of source L1 elements in a tumor can spawn from tens to hundreds o
96 as been modeled extensively, and the role of L1 elements in cancer progression has garnered interest
97  in ancestral L1 elements, the enrichment of L1 elements in GC-poor areas is likely due to insertiona
98                         Most of the inserted L1 elements in our 15 candidate genes predate the human/
99             The vast majority of the 500 000 L1 elements in the genome are defective, and only a rela
100 d increased copy numbers of species-specific L1 elements in the genome of chimpanzees compared to hum
101 nd 1/270 births, and the number of dimorphic L1 elements in the human population with gene frequencie
102 suggested that the only actively transposing L1 elements in the modern mouse genome were a young subf
103            There are three known families of L1 elements in the Mus genome, V, F, and A.
104                         We identify numerous L1 elements in these genomes and detect a striking diver
105 exposure of the host regulates expression of L1 elements in tumors.
106 plications tend to be co-inserted with young L1 elements, indicating recent retrotranspositional acti
107 ssion, we investigated whether a full-length L1 element inserted in the antisense orientation into an
108 rus vector enabled efficient delivery of the L1 element into differentiated primary human somatic cel
109 ha, thereby contributing to the packaging of L1 elements into transcriptionally repressive heterochro
110                                     Numerous L1 element inversions, extra nucleotide insertions, exon
111                                An individual L1 element is classified as a member of one of these fam
112           In somatic cells, transcription of L1 elements is repressed by distinct molecular mechanism
113 f the ORF2 coding sequence from mouse A-type L1 elements is required for functional reverse transcrip
114 stem was chosen because the transposition of L1 elements is well understood, the population dynamics
115 o show that somatic recombination of Alu and L1 elements is widespread in the human genome.
116 to yield species-specific clusters among the L1 elements isolated, and all Oryzomys sequences had num
117 otransposons are also the most highly active L1 elements known so far and have potential as practical
118               We have tagged an active human L1 element (L1(RP)) with a gene encoding enhanced GFP (E
119             We previously isolated two human L1 elements (L1.2 and LRE2) as the progenitors of diseas
120  nucleotide sequences of the two full-length L1 elements, L1beta-thal and L1RP, that have inserted in
121 egion, we discovered a different full-length L1 element, L1Gg-1, which was allelic and present at a h
122                                The resulting L1 elements lacked AS promoter activity and retrotranspo
123 he X chromosome provide strong evidence that L1 elements may serve as DNA signals to propagate X inac
124 ence of non-homologous end joining proteins, L1 elements may utilize an alternative, endonuclease-ind
125 ty-fold lower than reported, confirming that L1 elements mobilize in some human neurons but indicatin
126 ysis proved the expression of human-specific L1 element mRNAs in iPSCs.
127 es have suggested that, in addition to TPRT, L1 elements occasionally utilize an alternative endonucl
128             In examining possible effects of L1 elements on host gene expression, we investigated whe
129 ivity of the ORF2 obtained from three A-type L1 elements: one, a cDNA from the RNA in ribonucleoprote
130 nome, GRCh38, contains 146 putatively active L1 elements or full length intact L1 elements (FLIs).
131 but no such sequence is evident in mammalian L1 elements or other members of its class.
132     We have previously described a synthetic L1 element, ORFeus, containing two synonymously recoded
133                                      LINE-1 (L1) elements play an important creative role in genomic
134                               Active LINE-1 (L1) elements possess the ability to transduce non-L1 DNA
135                                              L1 elements produce an RNA intermediate that is reverse
136                                              L1 elements propagate through RNA intermediates.
137 ing represents a new mechanism through which L1 elements remodel mammalian genomes.
138                                  Polymorphic L1 elements represent a new source of identical-by-desce
139 individual, and that population-specific hot L1 elements represent a novel form of cancer risk.
140                                              L1 elements represent the only currently active, autonom
141                    Third, the presence of an L1 element represents identity by descent, because the p
142 fined an endonuclease (L1 EN) encoded by the L1 element required for retrotransposition.
143 nd other data, we estimate that 30-60 active L1 elements reside in the average diploid genome.
144  genomes directly linked to the insertion of L1 elements, resulting in the loss of approximately 18 k
145 This suggests that the deleterious effect of L1 elements results principally from their ability to me
146          Computational analysis of the preTa L1 elements revealed that 29% of the elements amenable t
147               We provide evidence that preTa L1 elements show an integration site preference for geno
148         We also looked at whether very young L1 elements show the same change in distribution compare
149                  Sequence analysis of the Ta L1 elements showed a low level of nucleotide divergence
150 nd we present a model for the correlation of L1 element size and the corresponding deletion size.
151 ts of prerecombination and postrecombination L1 elements suggested that two different deletion mechan
152 atic approaches to analyze the structures of L1 element target site duplications and flanking sequenc
153 ransposition in cell culture than all native L1 elements tested.
154 nome are 5' truncated copies of a few active L1 elements that are capable of retrotransposition.
155                            The proportion of L1 elements that are longer than 1.2 Kb is higher in low
156 --> T hypermutations were not detected among L1 elements that had replicated in the presence of APOBE
157 man evolution we endeavored to delineate the L1 elements that have amplified since the emergence of t
158             We tested five full-length human L1 elements that retrotranspose at different frequencies
159 ically contain a single, abundant lineage of L1 elements that traces millions of years of evolution,
160                                Young LINE-1 (L1) elements that have integrated recently into the huma
161  the GC-poor genomic regions as in ancestral L1 elements, the enrichment of L1 elements in GC-poor ar
162 s number is in great excess to the number of L1 elements thought to be active in the human genome.
163 ing the number of characterized active human L1 elements to seven.
164                                  Using human L1 elements to study methylation of repeated sequences,
165  We have reconstituted the initial stages of L1 element transposition in vitro.
166 e germ cells, and that expression of a human L1 element under the control of its endogenous promoter
167  splice variants of both the human and mouse L1 elements undergo retrotransposition.
168 y, retrotransposition of an engineered human L1 element was ~10-fold more efficient in iPSCs than in
169  and level of heterozygosity for each of the L1 elements was variable.
170 o computationally identify recently inserted L1 elements we suggest that S. tridecemlineatus is exper
171        Since there are approximately 400 000 L1 elements, we estimate that insertion of transduced se
172 tive screening strategy to enrich for active L1 elements, we isolated 13 full-length elements from a
173 line DNA samples showed that the polymorphic L1 elements were located on several different chromosome
174          One hundred fifteen (45%) of the Ta L1 elements were polymorphic with respect to insertion p
175  that all of the recently integrated "young" L1 elements were restricted to the human genome and abse
176                            A total of 262 Ta L1 elements were screened with PCR-based assays to deter
177 ymorphisms is known to be the absence of the L1 element, which can be used to root plots/trees of pop
178           This suggests an interplay between L1 elements, which have a rich history of causing change
179 on produced a single evolutionary lineage of L1 elements while generating approximately 20% of the ge
180 ntegrity by preventing retrotransposition of L1 elements while maintaining splicing integrity, via pr
181                                   Individual L1 elements within a genome differ in sequence and retro
182  for the characterization of six polymorphic L1 elements within the human genome.
183 , or p53 DNA binding sites, were detected in L1 elements within the human genome.
184                      The majority of LINE-1 (L1) elements within the human genome are 5' truncated co

 
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