ライフサイエンスコーパス: LABA

1 LABA step-up was significantly more likely to provide th

2 ICS mean daily = 0.78, 0.76-0.79, p < 0.001; LABA = 0.83, 0.82-0.85, p < 0.001; other add-on = 0.86,

3 ICS mean daily = 0.80, 0.74-0.87, p < 0.001; LABA = 1.01, 0.92-1.11, p = 0.87, other add-on = 1.00, 0

4 tiotropium monotherapy initiators and 19 530 LABA-ICS initiators, the mean (SD) age was 75.1 (6.7) ye

5 97.1% used ICS (dose 2000 BDP), 93.6% LABA in association with ICS, 53.3% LTRAs, 64.1% anti-Ig

6 dults with asthma treated with ICS, adding a LABA did not improve time to asthma exacerbation compare

7 vides mechanistic insight as to how adding a LABA to an inhaled corticosteroid may improve clinical o

8 of therapy, which included the addition of a LABA (salmeterol) to an inhaled glucocorticoid (fluticas

9 The use of a LABA but not an LTRA as an "add-on controller" is associ

10 were established as follows: (1) users of a LABA plus low-dose ICS combination or users of a medium-

11 the other subcohort included 198 users of a LABA plus medium-dose ICS and 156 users of a high-dose I

12 sers of a medium-dose ICS and (2) users of a LABA plus medium-dose ICS combination or users of a high

13 had a superior response to the addition of a LABA.

14 alformations in asthmatic women exposed to a LABA plus ICS combination and those exposed to ICS monot

15 ne subcohort there were 643 women who used a LABA plus low-dose ICS and 305 who used a medium-dose IC

16 lformations was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.6-1.9) when a LABA plus low-dose ICS was used compared with a medium-d

17 um-dose ICS and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.5-2.7) when a LABA plus medium-dose ICS was used compared with a high-

18 orticosteroid alone or in combination with a LABA alters protein and gene expression pathways associa

19 sk of major malformations was similar with a LABA plus ICS combination and ICS monotherapy at higher

20 The role of treatment with a LABA-LAMA regimen in these patients is unclear.

21 enotype-guided treatment consisted of adding LABA for children with ADRB2 Gly16/Gly16, whilst childre

22 roate (FF) and long-acting beta(2) -agonist (LABA) vilanterol (VI) on early and late asthmatic respon

23 -up therapy) or long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA step-up therapy).

24 at incorporated long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA) inhalers were included.

25 nclude adding a long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA) or increasing the ICS dose.

26 e effect of ICS/long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA) treatment on both lung function measures of hyperi

27 for the use of long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA)/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) combinati

28 )/long-acting beta (2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) combination therapy should be a first-in-line trea

29 ICS)/long-acting B (2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) combination therapy should be a first-in-line trea

30 l, a long-acting B (2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), enhanced the expression of inflammatory genes, an

31 a long-acting beta (2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), enhanced the expression of inflammatory genes, an

32 ng a long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA)/ICS combination therapy, we tested the hypothesis

33 utic doses of long acting beta(2)AR agonist (LABA; clenbuterol; CLEN) and/or GR agonist (dexamethason

34 nts associated with longacting beta agonist (LABA) use have caused the US Food and Drug Administratio

35 osteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) administered in a randomized crossover fashion.

36 16 amino acid) and long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) exposure for asthma exacerbations in children.

37 recommend either a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) plus an inhaled glucocorticoid or a long-acting mu

38 from addition of a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) than from increased glucocorticoids; however, thes

39 Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) therapy improves symptoms in patients whose asthma

40 ticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmo

41 -acting beta(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) is well documented.

42 g-acting beta2 -adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) on GCM in the bronchial epithelium are unknown.

43 =600 mug/day], and long-acting beta-agonist [LABA] use [yes/no]).

44 dd-on medication (long-acting beta2-agonist [LABA], leukotriene receptor antagonist [LTRA], theophyll

45 ren treated with long-acting B(2) -agonists (LABA).

46 d long-acting beta2-adrenoreceptor agonists (LABA), are the mainstay of pharmacological treatment of

47 d montelukast and long-acting beta-agonists (LABA).

48 Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) are tw

49 Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) in combination with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

50 Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) were shown to inhibit LPS-induced bronchial inflam

51 oids (ICS) and long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) are frequently exposed to oral corticosteroids an

52 oids (ICS) and long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) are recommended in patients with asthma that is n

53 adding inhaled long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) to corticosteroids in asthma.

54 ns of long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) pr

55 by long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs) and may contribute to the clinical superiority of

56 , long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs) given twice daily cause the same degree of bronch

57 long-acting beta (2)-adrenoceptor agonists (LABAs) salmeterol, indacaterol, and formoterol.

58 osteroids (ICS) and long-acting B2-agonists (LABAs) for moderate to severe asthma remain unclear.

59 luded 2 trials of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) (n = 3174), 1 RCT of LABAs and inhaled corticoste

60 ppropriate use of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) for the treatment of asthma has been widely debat

61 rround the use of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) for the treatment of asthma, even in combination

62 acy and safety of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) have been questioned.

63 Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) have been shown to increase the risk of asthma-re

64 nists (LAMAs) and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) over inhalers containing inhaled corticosteroids

65 o the addition of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) to ICSs.

66 cocorticoids plus long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) to receive subcutaneous itepekimab (at a dose of

67 rapy with/without long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs).

68 atment response to longacting beta-agonists (LABAs).

69 cocorticoids plus long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs).

70 ucocorticoids and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs).

71 led therapy with long-acting beta2 agonists (LABAs) and corticosteroids is beneficial in treating ast

72 associated with long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs) have led to many US Food and Drug Administration

73 g-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists (LABAs).

74 substitute the combination of an LTRA and an LABA for the combination of inhaled corticosteroid and a

75 combination of inhaled corticosteroid and an LABA.

76 In subjects treated with ICS and LABA (n = 832, age: 3-21 years), Arg16/Gln27 versus Gly1

77 adequately controlled with high-dose ICS and LABA therapy.

78 ay be a synergistic benefit between LAMA and LABA as a consequence of receptor cross-talk, which in t

79 es were observed between the montelukast and LABA patients when analyzing the risk of specific neurop

80 ta(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists (SABA and LABA, respectively) relieve asthma symptoms, use of eith

81 inflammatory cytokines, corticosteroids, and LABAs affect ASM structure and function, with particular

82 levels who used inhaled glucocorticoids and LABAs, dupilumab therapy, as compared with placebo, was

83 spite the use of inhaled glucocorticoids and LABAs, the addition of tiotropium significantly increase

84 o were receiving inhaled glucocorticoids and LABAs, we compared the effect on lung function and exace

85 ontaining inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and LABAs.

86 agonists /long-acting muscarinic antagonist, LABA/LAMA) represented the least common medication regim

87 Among the approved LABA, indacaterol has a 24 h duration of action, whereas

88 In asthma, LABAs enhance glucocorticoid receptor (GR) nuclear trans

89 oflumilast, including its ability to augment LABA-induced gene expression changes, may contribute to

90 However, because LABAs are given twice daily but tiotropium bromide is re

91 There was no difference between LABA + ICS vs tiotropium + ICS in time to first exacerba

92 erlie the complementary interactions between LABAs and corticosteroids, although the precise signal t

93 d long-acting B2 adrenergic bronchodilators (LABA).

94 ong-acting beta2 adrenergic bronchodilators (LABA).

95 ations may be disproportionately affected by LABA risks.

96 gulation and associated tolerance induced by LABA.

97 The elements of asthma control achieved by LABAs (improved lung function) and leukotriene receptor

98 the superior clinical effects of combination LABA/corticosteroid treatment compared with either as mo

99 Newly prescribed combination LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids or LABAs alone.

100 g beta2-agonist plus inhaled corticosteroid (LABA-ICS) who were 66 years or older with COPD and witho

101 New once-daily LABA, including vilanterol, olodaterol, milveterol, carm

102 ce-daily tiotropium (n = 532) or twice-daily LABAs (n = 538,) and were followed up for up to 18 month

103 g of a long-acting beta-agonist twice daily (LABA step-up), or 100 microg of fluticasone twice daily

104 h an increased risk of exacerbations despite LABA treatment.

105 l leukotriene inflammation can differentiate LABA step-up responses from responses to LTRA or ICS ste

106 Patients were instructed to discontinue LABAs at week 4 and to taper and discontinue inhaled glu

107 Effect on Exacerbations in Patients on Dual [LABA/ICS] Therapy) trial (NCT01443845), participants age

108 ns are associated with adverse events during LABA therapy and should be evaluated in large clinical t

109 ave uncontrolled, persistent symptoms during LABA treatment (p=0.008-0.04).

110 Stepping down medication, either LABAs or ICSs, could save annually around pound 17,000,0

111 with a differential FEV(1) response favoring LABA over ICS step-up therapy, whereas higher urinary le

112 hs (change in score from baseline, -0.68 for LABA + ICS vs -0.72 for tiotropium + ICS; between-group

113 in change in FEV1 at 12 months (0.003 L for LABA + ICS vs -0.018 L for tiotropium + ICS; between-gro

114 inhaler of budesonide (ICS) with formoterol (LABA) was effective to reduce these symptoms.

115 trolled Patients on Medium Strength of ICS + LABA [TRIMARAN] and Triple in Asthma High Strength Versu

116 superiority of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/LABA combinations in asthma and chronic obstructive pulm

117 e therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/LABA/LAMA over dual therapy with LABA/LAMA in patients w

118 ICS+LABA therapy seems to be more effective than ICS+LTRA th

119 icantly modified the effect of high-dose ICS+LABA therapy on lung function.

120 significantly attenuate the efficacy of ICS+LABA therapy on lung function in Black children.

121 w median NO(2) exposures while receiving ICS+LABA therapy had a reduction of 5.86 (95% CI 1.16, 10.56

122 rtion of days covered, was higher in the ICS+LABA group compared with the ICS+LTRA group.

123 l setting subjects were more adherent to ICS+LABA therapy than ICS+LTRA therapy.

124 nd costs associated with ICS+LTRA versus ICS+LABA as step-up therapies for asthma.

125 s old) receiving ICS+LTRA therapy versus ICS+LABA therapy after a period of monotherapy with an ICS.

126 corticosteroid-long-acting beta-agonist (ICS-LABA) combination inhalers.

127 orticosteroid long-acting beta2-agonist (ICS-LABA) medications (change, 0.06 [95% CI, 0.01 to 0.10] f

128 umeclidinium-vilanterol) and combination ICS-LABA inhalers (budesonide-formoterol, fluticasone-salmet

129 atients with uncontrolled asthma despite ICS-LABA treatment and conclude that SITT is a safe and effe

130 icant decreases in the use of fixed-dose ICS-LABA agents in children (-0.98 percentage points) and ad

131 significant absolute decrease in PDC for ICS-LABA compared with controls (-4.8%; 95% CI, -7.7% to -1.

132 ecreases in annual 30-day fills only for ICS-LABA medications (absolute change, -0.04; 95% CI, -0.07

133 ars; 69 530 [50.4%] female) (107 004 new ICS-LABA users and 30 829 new LAMA-LABA users), 30 216 match

134 rence to controller medications, notably ICS-LABA medications used by patients with more severe asthm

135 scription for a combination LAMA-LABA or ICS-LABA inhaler between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2

136 ncreased proportion of days covered with ICS-LABA (6.0% [0.7% to 11.3%] of days; 15.6% increase).

137 improved clinical outcomes compared with ICS-LABA therapy, suggesting that LAMA-LABA therapy should b

138 Compared with ICS-LABA use, LAMA-LABA use was associated with an 8% reduct

139 ibitors, and ICS long-acting B-agonists [ICS-LABAs]).

140 ound 1-4 days' wages, ICSs 2-7 days, and ICS-LABAs at least 6 days.

141 for SABAs, 2.6-340 for ICSs, and 24 for ICS-LABAs in the single study reporting this.

142 hese combination inhalers (LAMA-LABAs vs ICS-LABAs) have been conflicting and raised concerns of gene

143 ICS/LABA treatment significantly increased abundance of desm

144 combined with long-acting beta2-agonist (ICS/LABA) are standard treatments for asthma.

145 CS) or with long-acting beta(2)-agonist (ICS/LABA) or placebo.

146 icosteroid and long-acting beta-agonist (ICS/LABA).

147 ICS alone, a PDE4 inhibitor alone, or an ICS/LABA combination therapy.

148 rapy alone, and 54% were treated with an ICS/LABA combination.

149 trial was conducted to evaluate ICS and ICS/LABA against placebo.

150 assess the relationship between ICS and ICS/LABA combination therapy and severe asthma exacerbations

151 ndividuals using ICS treatment alone and ICS/LABA combination therapy suggested that the overall prot

152 ICS and ICS/LABA exposure was estimated from pharmacy data for patie

153 Week 24 for triple therapy (n = 911) and ICS/LABA therapy (n = 899), mean changes from baseline in FE

154 ICS and ICS/LABA use was estimated for each day of follow-up to crea

155 This signature, decreased by ICS/LABA treatment was enriched for genes associated with in

156 zed clinical trial suggest that combined ICS/LABA treatment is beneficial for prematurity-associated

157 5 mug; ELLIPTA inhaler) with twice-daily ICS/LABA therapy (budesonide/formoterol 400 mug/12 mug; Turb

158 related quality of life with twice-daily ICS/LABA therapy in patients with COPD.

159 atients with uncontrolled asthma despite ICS/LABA treatment.

160 ered a 1-month run-in period on low-dose ICS/LABA budesonide/formoterol (BUD/F) 200/6 one inhalation

161 ion rate with triple therapy versus dual ICS/LABA therapy (35% reduction; 95% CI, 14-51; P = 0.002).

162 tective effect was as good or better for ICS/LABA combination therapy when compared with ICS treatmen

163 After 3-month ICS/LABA treatment, residual volume (RV)/total lung capacity

164 scomfort with the middle or high dose of ICS/LABA combination agents under well technique (32 of BUD/

165 e is no evidence either ICS plus Tulo or ICS/LABA combination is better for elder patient.

166 was defined as poor adherence to ICS or ICS/LABA inhaler of 75% or less.

167 trolled asthma patients receiving ICS or ICS/LABA were assessed for physical and psychiatric problems

168 washout prior to randomization to ICS or ICS/LABA.

169 ear (stable condition under the previous ICS/LABA).

170 andomization ICS), 19 children receiving ICS/LABA (including 4 with prerandomization ICS), and 14 chi

171 Short-term ICS/LABA treatment improves RV/TLC% predicted in severe COPD

172 , 7.3% to 21.0%; P = .002) higher in the ICS/LABA group compared with the placebo group.

173 Recently, three novel triple therapy (ICS/LABA/LAMA) formulations in a single-inhaler device (SITT

174 ents with COPD receiving triple therapy (ICS/LABA/LAMA) if the patient has had no exacerbations in th

175 nd Triple in Asthma High Strength Versus ICS/LABA HS and Tiotropium [TRIGGER]) recruited patients fro

176 Treatment with ICS/LABA fixed-dose combination therapy appeared to perform

177 gle-inhaler triple therapy compared with ICS/LABA therapy in patients with advanced COPD.

178 ICS/LABAs were switched to FP/FM-pMDI and slow and deep inha

179 in hospital admission rates were recorded in LABA-treated non-Hispanic white patients with the rare I

180 Combined use of an inhaled LABA with tiotropium bromide should provide important th

181 ce in vivo of an interaction between inhaled LABA and corticosteroid on GR nuclear translocation in h

182 Combination LAMA-LABA inhalers (aclidinium-formoterol, glycopyrronium-for

183 ed a new prescription for a combination LAMA-LABA or ICS-LABA inhaler between January 1, 2014, and De

184 7 004 new ICS-LABA users and 30 829 new LAMA-LABA users), 30 216 matched pairs were identified for th

185 In this cohort study, LAMA-LABA therapy was associated with improved clinical outco

186 with ICS-LABA therapy, suggesting that LAMA-LABA therapy should be preferred for patients with COPD.

187 Compared with ICS-LABA use, LAMA-LABA use was associated with an 8% reduction in the rate

188 s comparing these combination inhalers (LAMA-LABAs vs ICS-LABAs) have been conflicting and raised con

189 LAMA/LABA fixed dose combinations (FDCs) provide the convenie

190 me children lack response to the addition of LABA.

191 lly responsible for the increased benefit of LABA/LAMA combinations over single long-acting bronchodi

192 iated the effect of a given concentration of LABA was gene-dependent.

193 hance, sensitize, and prolong the effects of LABA/ICS combination therapies.

194 ults support the possibility that effects of LABA/LAMA combinations on hyperinflation, mucociliary cl

195 e findings do not support the superiority of LABA + ICS compared with tiotropium + ICS for black pati

196 e, continued favorable changes in the use of LABA agents were observed after the 2010 FDA regulatory

197 ies might have contributed to reduced use of LABA agents, as intended; however, their effect, indepen

198 ect of these regulatory activities on use of LABA-containing agents or other asthma medications.

199 score matching, there were 8712 new users of LABA-inhaled corticosteroid combination therapy and 3160

200 ased the potency and doubled the efficacy of LABAs.

201 g beta-agonists (LABAs) (n = 3174), 1 RCT of LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) (n = 1097), 5 RC

202 dose escalation and comparable with that of LABAs.

203 OPD hospitalization compared with new use of LABAs alone (difference in composite outcome at 5 years,

204 New use of LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids was associated with a

205 pitalizations [27.8%]) and 2129 new users of LABAs alone (1179 deaths [37.3%]; 950 COPD hospitalizati

206 id combination therapy and 3160 new users of LABAs alone who were followed up for median times of 2.7

207 outcome was observed among 5594 new users of LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids (3174 deaths [36.4%];

208 s over single long-acting bronchodilators or LABA/inhaled corticosteroids in decreasing exacerbation.

209 t be exacerbated in people receiving LABA or LABA plus glucocorticoids.

210 requency than either their monocomponents or LABA/inhaled corticosteroid combinations in patients at

211 ination LABAs and inhaled corticosteroids or LABAs alone.

212 ferential FEV(1) response favoring LTRA over LABA step-up therapy.

213 c antagonist (LAMA) combination therapy over LABA or LAMA monotherapy in patients with COPD and dyspn

214 ients with asthma uncontrolled with ICS plus LABA or ICS alone.

215 tor antagonists (LTRA; n = 338), or ICS plus LABA plus LTRA (n = 686).

216 LAMA plus ICS plus LABA provided modest improvements in bronchodilation and

217 The after/before ICS plus LABA treatment ratio of B2AR number was 1.0 for alendron

218 randomization and after 8 weeks of ICS plus LABA treatment.

219 for patients receiving high-dosage ICS plus LABA with baseline blood eosinophils 300 cells per muL o

220 plus long-acting beta(2)-agonists (ICS plus LABA) and a history of two or more exacerbations in the

221 ids and long-acting beta2-agonists (ICS plus LABA) in the previous year.

222 ich are uncontrolled by high-dosage ICS plus LABA, and provide support for benralizumab to be an addi

223 common than presumed in concomitant ICS plus LABA-treated asthmatic patients.

224 to first severe exacerbation versus ICS plus LABA.

225 MA in combination with ICS alone or ICS plus LABA.

226 cerbations in patients treated with ICS plus LABA.

227 ated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus LABA.

228 tor antagonist (LTRAs; n = 354) or ICSs plus LABAs plus LTRAs (n = 569).

229 ted with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plus LABAs but not for treatment with ICSs alone (n = 1758) o

230 he use of ADRB2 polymorphisms for predicting LABA treatment response is still limited and further pro

231 anticholinergic medication, newly prescribed LABA and inhaled corticosteroid combination therapy, com

232 tion therapy, compared with newly prescribed LABAs alone, was associated with a significantly lower r

233 After randomization, LABA was discontinued at week 4, and inhaled glucocortic

234 th rare ADRB2 variants in patients receiving LABA therapy.

235 Patients receiving LABA with a rare ADRB2 variant had increased asthma-rela

236 cts might be exacerbated in people receiving LABA or LABA plus glucocorticoids.

237 ty score-matched patients who were receiving LABA-based therapies were included.

238 hite and African American patients receiving LABAs with these rare variants had increased exacerbatio

239 to determine whether alendronate can reduce LABA-associated LOBP in inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-tre

240 d not find evidence that alendronate reduces LABA-associated LOBP, which relates to the occurrence of

241 formoterol and budesonide as representative LABA and ICS, respectively.

242 Although preclinical studies suggest LABAs and LAMAs have antiinflammatory effects, such effe

243 ed to evaluate the risk of administering the LABA salmeterol in combination with an inhaled glucocort

244 ers and 2.41 per 100 patient-years among the LABA users.

245 combination of the LTRA montelukast and the LABA salmeterol could provide an effective therapeutic s

246 tation of GRE-dependent transcription by the LABA formoterol.

247 signed to receive, by inhalation, either the LABA indacaterol (110 mug) plus the LAMA glycopyrronium

248 e montelukast patients and 566 events in the LABA patients were identified.

249 periority comparison) or the addition of the LABA salmeterol (secondary noninferiority comparison).

250 al prospectively evaluated the safety of the LABA salmeterol, added to fluticasone propionate, in a f

251 MA glycopyrronium (50 mug) once daily or the LABA salmeterol (50 mug) plus the inhaled glucocorticoid

252 roflumilast N-oxide) each sensitized to the LABA, formoterol.

253 patients were stepped down by dropping their LABAs or another add-on or by halving their ICS dose (ha

254 Thus, LABAs modulate glucocorticoid action, and comparable tra

255 at baseline) predicted a better response to LABA step-up (P=0.009).

256 The response to LABA step-up therapy was most likely to be the best resp

257 White race predicted a better response to LABA step-up, whereas black patients were least likely t

258 be needed to predict individual responses to LABA step-up therapy.

259 2 variants modulate therapeutic responses to LABA therapy and contribute to rare, severe adverse even

260 tive biomarkers is crucial for understanding LABA safety.

261 matitis: OR 3.76 [2.14-6.61]), and drug use (LABA + ICS: 1.86 [1.27-2.74], antileukotrienes 4.83 [1.6

262 %]); 26 462 used montelukast and 47 829 used LABA.

263 The proportions of asthmatic patients using LABA-containing products, inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs)

264 curring after initiation of dupilumab versus LABA-containing therapies was measured.

265 rences in the effects of tiotropium + ICS vs LABA + ICS (hazard ratio for time to first exacerbation,

266 atment initiation, tiotropium monotherapy vs LABA-ICS initiation was associated with a small increase

267 ia associated with tiotropium monotherapy vs LABA-ICS was of questionable clinical importance, partic

268 ociated with fewer asthma exacerbations when LABAs and inhaled glucocorticoids were withdrawn, with i

269 elevance, especially in target tissues where LABAs behave as partial agonists.

270 um monotherapy initiators were compared with LABA-ICS initiators.

271 the rare, life-threatening events seen with LABA use.

272 roids (ICS)/LABA/LAMA over dual therapy with LABA/LAMA in patients with COPD and dyspnea or exercise

273 erious asthma-related events associated with LABAs.

274 comitant use of inhaled glucocorticoids with LABAs mitigates those risks.

275 glucocorticosteroid therapy with or without LABAs.