ライフサイエンスコーパス: Leishmania donovani

1 moderate activity against the axenic form of Leishmania donovani .

2 mania braziliensis, Leishmania mexicana, and Leishmania donovani).

3 fier 1 (Ufm1) and its conjugation pathway in Leishmania donovani.

4 L-10 production by macrophages infected with Leishmania donovani.

5 vel of serine protease activity expressed by Leishmania donovani.

6 le for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani.

7 muM, SI > 10) against the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.

8 c protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania donovani.

9 compound against the kinetoplastid parasite Leishmania donovani.

10 e isomerase gene from the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.

11 ADOMETDC has been cloned and sequenced from Leishmania donovani.

12 enetically deficient mice were infected with Leishmania donovani.

13 5, designated LdPEX5, has been isolated from Leishmania donovani.

14 lease (Ld3'NT/NU) of the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani.

15 we treated gene-deficient mice infected with Leishmania donovani.

16 to characterize lumenal uptake of GDP-Man in Leishmania donovani.

17 oted parasite survival during infection with Leishmania donovani.

18 ibitors of T. brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani.

19 panosomatid parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania donovani.

20 c for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania donovani.

21 s in the anthroponotic transmission cycle of Leishmania donovani.

22 MOs in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani.

23 zation of selenocysteinyl-tRNA synthase from Leishmania donovani.

24 r human visceral leishmaniasis(VL) caused by Leishmania donovani.

25 s, which is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.

26 eral leishmaniasis in children infected with Leishmania donovani.

27 ty was detected against Trypanosoma cruzi or Leishmania donovani.

28 gainst the intracellular amastigotes form of Leishmania donovani.

29 n inoculation of the intracellular protozoan Leishmania donovani.

30 , including visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani.

31 xpression, and kinetic analysis of ASNA from Leishmania donovani.

32 C-terminal domain of the 3' nucleotidase of Leishmania donovani (33.7%).

33 ch as those caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of visceral leish

34 r distribution of a K39 kinesin homologue in Leishmania donovani, a medically important parasite of h

35 Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite, causes viscer

36 ent in these mechanisms were challenged with Leishmania donovani, a protozoan that selectively parasi

37 aled its structural similarity to the LPG of Leishmania donovani, a species whose inability to bind t

38 Leishmania donovani AAH is 38 and 23% identical to Sacch

39 , with an IC(50) value of 2.64 ug/mL against Leishmania donovani - amastigote and 7.18 ug/mL against

40 te to excellent activity when tested against Leishmania donovani amastigotes in vitro.

41 e ferrocenylquinoline derivatives, targeting Leishmania donovani, among which CQFC1 showed the highes

42 g T cell stimulation or after challenge with Leishmania donovani, an intracellular microbe whose cont

43 nutes after in vitro or in vivo contact with Leishmania donovani, an intracellular pathogen.

44 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani and cytotoxicities for mammalian cel

45 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani and cytotoxicity against mammalian c

46 ed by a myo-inositol transporter cloned from Leishmania donovani and expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

47 EM, we have determined the structures of the Leishmania donovani and human ribosomes at 2.9 A and 3.6

48 ines has been synthesized and tested against Leishmania donovani and L. amazonensis intracellular ama

49 Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum chagasi.

50 asis (VL), caused by the protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum, is one of t

51 ic disease caused by the protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum.

52 ections with intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pose

53 s against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani and nanomolar potency against Plasmo

54 of an active cytochrome c oxidase complex in Leishmania donovani and that upon deletion of its gene t

55 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani and their cytotoxicity for mammalian

56 ishmaniasis caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the bites of the

57 oma brucei rhodesiense , Trypanosoma cruzi , Leishmania donovani , and P. falciparum (K1 isolate).

58 a brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani), and several showed promising activ

59 a brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani), and two compounds (14 and 21) show

60 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani, and for cytotoxicity against mammal

61 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani, and for cytotoxicity against mammal

62 ap) were cloned from Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania donovani, and Leishmania major, which encoded

63 st Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum, the caus

64 ied as vital components of purine salvage in Leishmania donovani, and therefore Deltaadss and Deltaas

65 n the parasitic protists Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania donovani, and Trichomonas vaginalis.

66 Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Leishmania donovani, and Trypanosoma cruzi was well tole

67 Expression of Leishmania donovani APRT in transgenic T. gondii parasit

68 Here, we use Leishmania donovani as a trypanosomatid model pathogen t

69 ucei rhodesiense, Plasmodium falciparum, and Leishmania donovani, as well as cytotoxicity against mam

70 j (50 mg/kg/day) was further studied against Leishmania donovani/BALB/c mice via the intraperitoneal

71 stant tuberculosis, is a potent inhibitor of Leishmania donovani both in vitro and in vivo.

72 lt the visceral replication of intracellular Leishmania donovani but fail to properly resolve infecti

73 ance in experimental visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania donovani) but more severe disease in a model

74 high levels in mice and humans infected with Leishmania donovani, but their contribution to host resi

75 Infection with the protozoan Leishmania donovani can cause serious visceral disease o

76 onic inflammation such as chronic infection (Leishmania donovani), cancer (melanoma and colorectal ca

77 Leishmania donovani cannot synthesize purines de novo an

78 Leishmania donovani cannot synthesize purines de novo an

79 oregulatory lipid, in successful survival of Leishmania donovani, causative agent of the fatal viscer

80 stages of the pathogenic protozoan parasite, Leishmania donovani, causative agent of the tropical inf

81 Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL),

82 udy, we show that in muMT mice infected with Leishmania donovani, CD8 T cells displayed a greater cyt

83 susceptible C57BL/6 (B6) mice infected with Leishmania donovani, CD8(+) T cell mechanisms are requir

84 ny species and subsepecies of such protozoa, Leishmania donovani chagasi causes visceral leishmaniasi

85 as to find markers of antimony resistance in Leishmania donovani clinical isolates and validate exper

86 were less able to control hepatic growth of Leishmania donovani compared with wild-type mice.

87 Protozoan parasites of the Leishmania donovani complex - L. donovani and L. infantu

88 ania chagasi are specific for members of the Leishmania donovani complex and have been shown to indic

89 Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the Leishmania donovani complex, is a fatal, neglected tropi

90 tanding of the evolution and genetics of the Leishmania donovani complex.

91 annia subgenus in aggregate; the Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani complex in aggregate; the species L

92 primitive trypanosomatid pathogen of humans, Leishmania donovani, constitutively expresses a unique e

93 ruzi proteasome beta5 subunit (G208S), or in Leishmania donovani CRK12 (G572D).

94 h the malarial cysteine proteases as well as Leishmania donovani cysteine protease.

95 Exploiting a mutant cell line (FBD5) of Leishmania donovani deficient in inosine and guanosine t

96 s on the LdNT1.1 nucleoside transporter from Leishmania donovani defined two amino acid residues in p

97 and RepliG were compared on small amounts of Leishmania donovani DNA, testing their ability to preser

98 e causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania donovani, does not prime human DC for IL-12 p

99 relevance of alpha-SNAP gene duplication in Leishmania donovani, emphasizing both subfunctionalizati

100 irst data on chronic parasitemia in PWH from Leishmania donovani-endemic areas.

101 Leishmania donovani express two members of the equilibra

102 that RAG-2 mice intravenously infected with Leishmania donovani form heterogeneous skin parasite pat

103 and clearance of the intracellular pathogen Leishmania donovani from infected macrophages.

104 enodiagnosis to evaluate the transmission of Leishmania donovani from patients with VL-human immunode

105 Metalloprotease gp63 (Leishmania donovani gp63 (Ldgp63)) is a critical virulen

106 the order Hs-SAHH > Tc-SAHH > Ld-SAHH (from Leishmania donovani) > Pf-SAHH (from Plasmodium falcipar

107 3.15 +/- 12.69% and 80.93 +/- 10.50% against Leishmania donovani /hamster model.

108 The protozoan Leishmania donovani has a myo-inositol/proton symporter

109 The protozoan flagellate Leishmania donovani has an active myo-inositol/proton sy

110 infection with antimony-resistant strains of Leishmania donovani has not been experimentally addresse

111 Studies of Leishmania donovani have shown that both ornithine decar

112 Here, we identified Leishmania donovani heat shock protein 78 (LdHSP78), a p

113 rified biochemically and genetically for the Leishmania donovani HGPRT employing a combination of pro

114 rhodesiense STIB900, T. cruzi Tulahuan, and Leishmania donovani HU3.

115 determined crystal structures for APRT from Leishmania donovani in complex with the substrate adenin

116 enous protein, induces control over visceral Leishmania donovani in experimentally infected BALB/c mi

117 n B was used to kill approximately 90-95% of Leishmania donovani in livers of mice deficient in mecha

118 sue, and its role in preventing clearance of Leishmania donovani in murine models of VL.

119 eparately described the protozoan now called Leishmania donovani in splenic tissue from patients in I

120 The endemic strain of Leishmania donovani in Sri Lanka causes cutaneous leishm

121 Ph. argentipes transmits Leishmania donovani in Sri Lanka, primarily causing cuta

122 Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by Leishmania donovani in Sri Lanka.

123 iva of Phlebotomus argentipes, the vector of Leishmania donovani in the ISC, as immunodominant protei

124 o infection with the intracellular protozoan Leishmania donovani in this animal model.

125 overcome this obstacle to analyzing visceral Leishmania donovani in this relevant immunopathogenetic

126 s Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani in vitro, to identify the determinan

127 nosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani in vitro.Only monoesters 7-9 with a

128 We show that HSCs are infected with Leishmania donovani in vivo and in vitro and that this i

129 bosyltransferase (aprt) loci were created in Leishmania donovani in which both alleles were eliminate

130 r model of visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania donovani, in contrast to infection in mice, m

131 ine homeostasis in both life cycle stages of Leishmania donovani, individual mutant lines deficient i

132 okine-driven responses were characterized in Leishmania donovani-infected BALB/c mice in which IL-10

133 cytokines has similar therapeutic potential, Leishmania donovani-infected BALB/c mice were injected w

134 In nonvaccinated Leishmania donovani-infected BALB/c mice, HASPB- and KMP

135 In Leishmania donovani-infected BALB/c mice, we observe inc

136 Leishmania donovani-infected interleukin-13-/- BALB/c mi

137 We show that Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages (MPhis) are cap

138 Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages showed upregula

139 Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages were much more

140 signal transduction pathway was analyzed in Leishmania donovani-infected phorbol-differentiated U937

141 ity of NK T cell-deficient CD1d(-/-) mice to Leishmania donovani infection and Leishmania-induced CD1

142 nterferon (IFN-gamma) controls intracellular Leishmania donovani infection and the efficacy of antimo

143 but self-curing C57BL/6 mice, intracellular Leishmania donovani infection enhanced Toll-like recepto

144 Here we show that DCs from mice with chronic Leishmania donovani infection fail to migrate from the m

145 ing marginal zone macrophages resulting from Leishmania donovani infection have increased resistance

146 of miR155 in VL, we monitored the course of Leishmania donovani infection in miR155 knockout (miR155

147 strates acquired resistance in intracellular Leishmania donovani infection in the liver, inducing gam

148 role of IL-6, responses to an intracellular Leishmania donovani infection in the livers of IL-6(-/-)

149 We have recently reported that Leishmania donovani infection results in a remarkably se

150 IL-17 is associated with the progression of Leishmania donovani infection using murine model of VL.

151 Neutrophil elastase promotes Leishmania donovani infection via interferon-beta.

152 tment of euthymic BALB/c mice with quiescent Leishmania donovani infection with T cell-depleting or a

153 nduction of an efficient Th1 response during Leishmania donovani infection, but they play distinct ro

154 Upon evaluation in a mouse model of acute Leishmania donovani infection, one phenylpyridine deriva

155 immunity and early visceralization following Leishmania donovani infection.

156 production, is dispensable in the control of Leishmania donovani infection.

157 during visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani infection.

158 the interrelationship of Wnt5a signaling and Leishmania donovani infection.

159 uces leishmanicidal activity in experimental Leishmania donovani infection; therefore, BALB/c mice we

160 Leishmania donovani infects macrophages, disrupting immu

161 This study now shows that Leishmania donovani inhibits AIF1 expression in macropha

162 We show that the protozoan Leishmania donovani inhibits CD1 expression and prevents

163 The initial macrophage-Leishmania donovani interaction results in the formation

164 43), a compound with modest activity against Leishmania donovani intracellular amastigotes and excell

165 Immune evasion strategies adopted by Leishmania donovani involve the exploitation of suppress

166 Leishmania donovani is a protozoan parasite.

167 aniasis caused by the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani is a significant public health probl

168 nthine phosphoribosyltransferase (XPRT) from Leishmania donovani is a unique enzyme that lacks a mamm

169 Leishmania donovani is an intracellular parasite that in

170 The pathogenic protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani is capable of both de novo pyrimidin

171 East Africa, where Leishmania donovani is prevalent, faces the highest burd

172 niasis, acquired resistance to intracellular Leishmania donovani is Th1 cell cytokine dependent and l

173 -azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), caused by Leishmania donovani is the dermal sequel of Visceral Lei

174 nfection of mice with the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, is characterized by focal accumulat

175 and transfected into a Deltaldnt1/Deltaldnt2 Leishmania donovani knockout.

176 A knockout strain of Leishmania donovani lacking both ornithine decarboxylase

177 aromyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Leishmania donovani, Lactococcus lactis, and Bacillus su

178 ode of gene regulation in which the parasite Leishmania donovani (Ld) causes mitochondrial depolariza

179 Leishmania donovani (LD) resides within macrophages duri

180 The management of Leishmania donovani (LD), responsible for fatal visceral

181 l structures of the dimeric APRT enzyme from Leishmania donovani (LdAPRT) bear many similarities to o

182 role of live attenuated centrin gene-deleted Leishmania donovani (LdCen(-/-) ) parasites through indu

183 Leishmania parasites such as centrin deleted Leishmania donovani (LdCen(-/-)) against visceral leishm

184 ains and extends to other species, including Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum, and Leishmania

185 By screening Leishmania donovani libraries with polyclonal antibodies

186 ut not AMB solution significantly suppressed Leishmania donovani liver parasite burdens (p<0.05) but

187 lustered monophyletically and related to the Leishmania donovani minicircles.

188 MTP1 by inflammation was also observed in a Leishmania donovani model of chronic infection.

189 However, in the Leishmania donovani model of pathogen persistence, Il10(

190 In this study, we showed that Leishmania donovani modulates the TLR2-mediated pathway

191 rmore, stromal cells from mice infected with Leishmania donovani more effectively supported different

192 In a Leishmania donovani mouse model, two racemic phenylpyrid

193 ransporter, which was classified as ABCC2 or Leishmania donovani multidrug resistance protein 2 (LdMR

194 ing modes, resulting in novel, highly potent Leishmania donovani NMT inhibitors with good selectivity

195 es we generated a computational model of the Leishmania donovani nucleoside transporter 1.1 (LdNT1.1)

196 ithin predicted transmembrane domains of the Leishmania donovani nucleoside transporter 1.1, LdNT1.1,

197 o TM11 in an ab initio model of a homologous Leishmania donovani nucleoside transporter.

198 d adenosine kinase (AK) to purine salvage in Leishmania donovani, null mutants genetically deficient

199 nhibition is distinct from that reported for Leishmania donovani or CMV, in that it targets the inter

200 Centrin1 gene deleted Leishmania donovani parasite (LdCen1(-/-)) was developed

201 ed that genetically modified live-attenuated Leishmania donovani parasite cell lines (LdCen(-/-) and

202 on of the four PfCENs in a centrin knock-out Leishmania donovani parasite line that exhibited a sever

203 leishmaniasis (VL), a disease caused by the Leishmania donovani parasite.

204 Leishmania vaccines such as centrin deleted Leishmania donovani parasites (LdCen (-/-)) showed prote

205 Leishmania donovani parasites are the cause of visceral

206 Starvation of Leishmania donovani parasites for purines leads to a rap

207 = 3.7 uM), and also blocked proliferation of Leishmania donovani parasites resistant to antimonial dr

208 potency against both Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania donovani parasites with good safety and metab

209 sly, we have shown that genetically modified Leishmania donovani parasites, here described as live at

210 ally up-regulated proteins in purine-starved Leishmania donovani parasites.

211 sed by infection with the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, parasites persist in the spleen and

212 Leishmania donovani possess two closely related genes th

213 amma) gene knockout (GKO) mice infected with Leishmania donovani proceeded to reduce liver parasite b

214 Adaptation of the glucose metabolism of Leishmania donovani promastigotes (insect stage) was inv

215 ropyrans effectively inhibited the growth of Leishmania donovani promastigotes and amastigotes, and i

216 Leishmania donovani promastigotes constitutively secrete

217 Leishmania donovani promastigotes deficient in both LPG

218 more than 70 artemisinin derivatives against Leishmania donovani promastigotes is described for the f

219 Leishmania donovani promastigotes were shown to release

220 itor cell-derived dendritic cells (DCs) with Leishmania donovani promastigotes, Histoplasma capsulatu

221 e of infection, the intramacrophage pathogen Leishmania donovani protects its niche with the help of

222 hydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) enzyme expressed in Leishmania donovani protozoa.

223 Leishmania donovani protozoan parasites, the causative a

224 rol of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani requires interferon-gamma production

225 The primitive protozoan pathogen of humans, Leishmania donovani, resides and multiplies in highly re

226 leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major and Leishmania donovani, respectively.

227 Infection with antimony-resistant Leishmania donovani (Sb(R)LD) induces aggressive patholo

228 he molecular mechanism of antimony-resistant Leishmania donovani (Sb(R)LD)-driven up-regulation of IL

229 ar patients infected with antimony-resistant Leishmania donovani (Sb(R)LD).

230 l for survival of the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani Screening of macrophage antioxidant

231 In investigating Leishmania donovani SET29, we found depletion of LdSET29

232 that supports extensive skin infection with Leishmania donovani, spatial analyses at macro-(quantita

233 es (in North Dakota) and infection caused by Leishmania donovani species complex.

234 Here we establish a Leishmania donovani strain and describe the production,

235 e (MIL) resistance in two clinically derived Leishmania donovani strains with different inherent resi

236 ed infection with the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani suggests that vaccination could prev

237 of the intracellular replication of residual Leishmania donovani that escape chemotherapy evolves to

238 We have used a mutant line (TUBA5) of Leishmania donovani that is deficient in adenosine/pyrim

239 leishmaniasis is a deadly illness caused by Leishmania donovani that provokes liver and spleen infla

240 sed by the parasites Leishmania infantum and Leishmania donovani The gold standard diagnostic test fo

241 ons in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway of Leishmania donovani, the causal agent of visceral leishm

242 entary screens against the tropical parasite Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral lei

243 panothione reductase (TR) activity levels in Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral lei

244 In this study the interactions of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral Lei

245 However, for Leishmania donovani, the DNA-binding activity and the ma

246 within the polyamine biosynthetic pathway of Leishmania donovani, the etiological agent of visceral l

247 We provided a proof-of-concept of SL-seq in Leishmania donovani, the main causative agent of viscera

248 re, we investigated the interactions between Leishmania donovani, the main etiological agent of visce

249 the optimization of a phenotypic hit against Leishmania donovani, the major causative organism of VL.

250 re we demonstrate that during infection with Leishmania donovani, the marginal zone of mice undergoes

251 In contrast, mice infected with Leishmania donovani, the most commonly studied model of

252 SET domain proteins have been identified in Leishmania donovani through sequence annotations.

253 or (TNF)-deficient mice were challenged with Leishmania donovani to characterize TNF in the response

254 Here we have engineered Leishmania donovani to express high levels of an active

255 ngipalpis to transmit Leishmania infantum or Leishmania donovani to hamsters.

256 s exploited by the intra-macrophage parasite Leishmania donovani to protect their "home" from actinom

257 The unique bisubunit structure of Leishmania donovani topoisomerase 1B (LdTop1) is a poten

258 ically distinct protozoan (Leishmania major, Leishmania donovani, Toxoplasma gondii) and helminth (Br

259 osoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Leishmania donovani, Toxoplasma gondii, and Plasmodium f

260 Precise replacement of the Leishmania donovani tryA gene encoding TR was only possi

261 lastids most relevant to human disease, i.e. Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma b

262 sess antiprotozoal activity in vitro against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma

263 e of pathogens, namely, Schistosoma mansoni, Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma

264 7BL/6 mice involving Schistosoma mansoni and Leishmania donovani, two important human pathogens affec

265 nt for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani using an experimental mouse model.

266 eoside permease from the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani, using ab initio computation.

267 , interleukin (IL)-12 initiates control over Leishmania donovani via Th1 cell activation, interferon

268 In established Leishmania donovani visceral infection in normal mice, a

269 C57BL/6 mice failed to control intracellular Leishmania donovani visceral infection, indicating that

270 ilisin protease (SUB; Clan SB, family S8) of Leishmania donovani was cloned and found to possess a un

271 serum to the purified recombinant HGPRT from Leishmania donovani was generated in rabbits, and confoc

272 eoside permease from the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani was modeled using ab initio computat

273 To test this hypothesis, Leishmania donovani was serially passaged in mice expose

274 er cells) in mice infected with the parasite Leishmania donovani, we identified a transcriptomic netw

275 within the LdNT2 nucleoside transporter from Leishmania donovani were mutated and the resultant pheno

276 cids, but the only crystal structure is from Leishmania donovani, which expresses a long form of the

277 wed obvious antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani with an IC50 value of 9.22 muM.

278 , and 24l, exhibited potent activity against Leishmania donovani with IC(50) values ranging from 3.75

279 parasites Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 1.55 and 0.22 mu

280 0) 9.81 and 3.75 muM, respectively) forms of Leishmania donovani with negligible cytotoxicity toward