ライフサイエンスコーパス: Rubisco

1 Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).

2 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).

3 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).

4 lose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).

5 -phenylalanine-alanine (AVFA), a fragment of RuBisCO.

6 inhibited active sites of hexameric form II Rubisco.

7 to fuel autotrophic fixation of carbon using RuBisCo.

8 te availability for the carboxylation enzyme Rubisco.

9 and analyzed its functional interaction with Rubisco.

10 minal fusion resembling the small-subunit of rubisco.

11 gh CO(2) concentrations near the carboxylase Rubisco.

12 ntent and the high fraction of N invested in Rubisco.

13 termine abundance of the CO2 -fixing enzyme, Rubisco.

14 tify the abundance of the CO2 -fixing enzyme Rubisco.

15 pressed but strongly stimulated by inhibited Rubisco.

16 mpetitive reaction with O2 also catalyzed by RuBisCO.

17 nthesis by concentrating CO2 near the enzyme Rubisco.

18 olutionary relationships between the ALC and rubisco.

19 d by the activity of the CO(2)-fixing enzyme Rubisco.

20 nefficiency of the CO(2)-assimilating enzyme Rubisco.

21 y made with properly assembled hexadecameric Rubisco.

22 cold through increased activity of PPDK and RuBisCO.

23 ted into biomass almost solely by the enzyme rubisco.

24 rtcomings of the primary CO(2)-fixing enzyme Rubisco.

25 leaf behind closed stomata for refixation by RuBisCO.

26 nisms triggered by the oxygenase activity of Rubisco.

27 protein complex consisting of 16 protomers, RuBisCO (517 kDa), is not affected by the number of trap

28 etabolic repair of the photosynthetic enzyme Rubisco, a complex of eight large (RbcL) and eight small

29 ry sugar phosphates from the active sites of Rubisco, a process necessary for Rubisco activation and

30 odobacter sphaeroides (RsRubisco)-a red-type Rubisco able to assemble in plant chloroplasts.

31 not account for Tgrowth -mediated changes in Rubisco abundance that underpin the thermal acclimation

32 at genetic deletion of the rbcX gene affects Rubisco abundance, as well as carboxysome formation and

33 2) of leaves of terrestrial plants, and that Rubisco accounts for ~3% of the total mass of leaves, wh

34 A+ protein and essential molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca) constantly remodels inhibited act

35 vum (wheat) genome encodes three isoforms of Rubisco activase (Rca) differing in thermostability, whi

36 Rubisco activase (Rca) facilitates the release of sugar-

37 The Rubisco activase (RCA) gene from each species was sequen

38 vestigated the mechanism of the AAA+ protein Rubisco activase (Rca) in metabolic repair of the photos

39 to the biosphere, by its molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca) is essential for photosynthesis a

40 Arabidopsis Rubisco activase (Rca) is phosphorylated at threonine-78

41 In plants, rubisco activase (Rca) regulates rubisco by removing inh

42 of photosynthesis, Rubisco, is regulated by Rubisco activase (Rca).

43 ged and remodeled by the molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (Rca).

44 Role of Rubisco Activase in imparting thermotolerance to the pho

45 Rubisco activase is an essential enzyme for photosynthes

46 KEY MESSAGE: Rubisco activase of plants evolved in a stepwise manner

47 In Salix, Rubisco activase transcripts were down-regulated in cont

48 harvesting complex binding proteins 1 and 3, Rubisco activase, and carbonic anhydrase.

49 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase (Rca) is a AAA(+) enzyme that uses ATP

50 ted by diverse molecular chaperones known as Rubisco activases (Rcas).

51 e cellular activities (AAA+ proteins) termed Rubisco activases (Rcas).

52 ve sites of Rubisco, a process necessary for Rubisco activation and carbon fixation.

53 The mechanism of rubisco activation appears conserved between the bacteri

54 n vitro, while maintaining the efficiency of Rubisco activation by Rca.

55 of TMFs, with variations in N allocation and Rubisco activation state further influencing photosynthe

56 Rubisco tight-binding inhibitors and higher Rubisco activation state than the wild type; however, th

57 +/- 0.3 degrees C, the temperature at which Rubisco activation velocity by Rca was halved.

58 a central role in initiating and sustaining Rubisco activation.

59 lpha and Rca-beta acting together to control Rubisco activation.

60 of photosynthetic induction, attributable to Rubisco activation.

61 ca structurally destabilizes elements of the Rubisco active site with remarkable selectivity.

62 d type; however, there were 17% to 60% fewer Rubisco active sites in the four transgenic lines than i

63 enzyme and maintaining an adequate number of Rubisco active sites to support carboxylation rates in p

64 ibitors and restores catalytic competence to Rubisco-active sites.

65 At steady state, in vivo Rubisco activity and mesophyll conductance accounted for

66 ynthetic capacity, and significantly reduced Rubisco activity compared with both wild-type tobacco an

67 ative electron transport), and regulation of Rubisco activity leads to emergent behaviors that may af

68 es of carboxylation, electron transport, and Rubisco activity when compared with modern genotypes.

69 Carbon (C) assimilation, Rubisco activity, CA1Pase activity, transcripts of Rca1b

70 hibitors, contributing to the maintenance of Rubisco activity.

71 in high CO(2) CcmM35 was able to form large Rubisco aggregates with the Se LSU, and these incorporat

72 In most eukaryotic algae, Rubisco aggregates within a microcompartment known as th

73 Furthermore, the ALC induces rubisco aggregation in a manner similar to that of anoth

74 synthetic efficiency, bacteria often enclose RubisCO and carbonic anhydrase into microcompartments ca

75 te efficient carbon fixation by sequestering RubisCO and carbonic anhydrase within a protein shell th

76 in plants because it is a major component of RuBisCO and chlorophyll.

77 ind that EPYC1 is of comparable abundance to Rubisco and colocalizes with Rubisco throughout the pyre

78 is achieved through specific degradation of Rubisco and cytochrome b (6) f and occurs only in the pr

79 rison also indicated that resources used for Rubisco and electron transport are reduced under both el

80 CsoS2 acts as an interaction hub to condense Rubisco and enable efficient alpha-carboxysome formation

81 The pyrenoid contains the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco and enhances carbon fixation by supplying Rubisc

82 hibitors, thereby increasing the activity of Rubisco and enhancing photosynthetic performance and pro

83 is densely packed with the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco and is thought to be a crystalline or amorphous

84 s(-1) -sixfold faster than the median plant rubisco and nearly twofold faster than the fastest measu

85 thus plants increased in vitro activities of RuBisCO and PPDK but decreased PEPc activity compared wi

86 isco in a model C3 plant with cyanobacterial Rubisco and progress toward synthesizing a carboxysome i

87 Leaf Rubisco and protein contents were consistent with the me

88 A link between the small subunit (SSU) of Rubisco and pyrenoid formation in Chlamydomonas reinhard

89 Identifying the interaction sites between Rubisco and Rca is critical to formulate mechanistic hyp

90 f Rca is responsible for the deactivation of Rubisco and reduction of photosynthesis at moderately el

91 condensation is mediated by two components: Rubisco and the linker protein EPYC1 (Essential Pyrenoid

92 hetic induction, including the activation of Rubisco and the opening of stomata, whereas transitions

93 hosphate inhibitors from the active sites of Rubisco and thereby plays a central role in initiating a

94 nucleotide-dependent Rca activity regulates Rubisco and thus photosynthesis during fluctuating irrad

95 solution can reproduce the basic pattern of RuBisCO and V(c,max) in rice and in two tropical tree sp

96 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc).

97 escription of the carboxysome shell protein, RuBisCO, and CcmM isoform localization.

98 n the KM of the primary carboxylating enzyme Rubisco, and in order to photosynthesize efficiently, ma

99 in total leaf protein per unit leaf area and Rubisco as a percentage of leaf N.

100 rstanding the molecular mechanism underlying Rubisco assembly and carboxysome biogenesis will provide

101 Well-defined Rubisco assembly and carboxysome formation are pivotal f

102 d previously been thought that CcmM mediated RubisCO assembly by displacing one of the RubisCO subuni

103 The Rubisco assembly domain is thus an inbuilt SSu mimic tha

104 are essential for proper protein folding and Rubisco assembly.

105 vacuole that liberates CO(2) to be fixed by RuBisCo behind closed stomata.

106 CcmM(S), however, lacked key RbcS RubisCO-binding determinants, most notably an extended N

107 quired chaperone complementarity that hinder Rubisco biogenesis in alternative hosts.

108 ancillary molecular components required for Rubisco biogenesis.

109 ll subunit, RbcS, suggesting that CcmM binds RubisCO by displacing RbcS.

110 They enhance the carboxylase activity of RuBisCO by increasing the local concentration of CO2 in

111 tobRrDeltaS, for producing homogenous plant Rubisco by rbcL-rbcS operon chloroplast transformation.

112 In plants, rubisco activase (Rca) regulates rubisco by removing inhibitory molecules such as ribulos

113 prisingly simple molecular mechanism for how Rubisco can be packaged to form the pyrenoid matrix, pot

114 Rubisco can be rescued from this inhibited form by molec

115 of electron transport to the maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation (J(max) /V(cmax) ) under higher te

116 mperature acclimation of the maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax ), the maximum rate of elec

117 Apparent rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration standardized

118 herichia coli strain engineered to depend on rubisco carboxylation for growth.

119 tosynthetic capacity, indexed by the maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate (V(cmax) ), to simulate carbo

120 photosynthesis through their higher maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate.

121 Photosynthetic capacity (maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation, V(cmax) , and of electron transpo

122 study provides new insights on the range of Rubisco catalysis and temperature response present in na

123 ffered from wild-type plants with respect to Rubisco catalysis, photosynthesis and growth.

124 We conclude that the Rubisco catalytic properties found in streptophyte algae

125 For six streptophyte algae, Rubisco catalytic properties, affinity for CO(2) uptake

126 s confirms a role for the SSU in influencing Rubisco catalytic properties.

127 Rubisco catalytic traits and their thermal dependence ar

128 Rubisco catalyzes the fixation of CO(2) into organic com

129 nas reinhardtii and purification of the full Rubisco complex showed that this isoform conferred highe

130 oduction and evaluation of novel homogeneous Rubisco complexes in a whole plant context.

131 om Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can form hybrid Rubisco complexes with catalytic properties similar to t

132 echococcus elongatus (Se) to form aggregated Rubisco complexes with the carboxysome linker protein Cc

133 The decline in Rubisco constrained Vcmax and An for leaves developed at

134 echanism (CCM) are usually associated with a Rubisco-containing micro-compartment, the pyrenoid.

135 A key component is the Rubisco-containing pyrenoid that is needed to minimise C

136 ate in elevated [CO2] inside a chloroplastic Rubisco-containing structure called a pyrenoid.

137 e expected, ca1pase overexpression decreased Rubisco content and compromised wheat grain yields.

138 The lower Rubisco content in plants overexpressing ca1pase resulte

139 5% of rbcL transcript and RsRubisco ~40% the Rubisco content in WT tobacco.

140 gh CO2 was only half of that measured in CS, Rubisco content was one-third lower, and cells of Deltar

141 anhydrase within the carboxysome shell with Rubisco, cyanobacteria are able to overcome the limitati

142 Rubisco (d-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygena

143 decreases the rate of cytochrome b (6) f and Rubisco degradation, whereas NO donors accelerate the de

144 es light-dependent assimilation of CO(2) via RuBisCo dictate the rate of malate mobilisation?

145 to produce a high-fidelity, high-throughput Rubisco-directed evolution (RDE2) screen that negates fa

146 that optimal allocation principles explained RuBisCO dynamics with leaf age.

147 In cyanobacteria, Rubisco enzymes are densely packed and encapsulated in a

148 We find that >90% of Rubisco enzymes are found in the ~2 x 10(14) m(2) of lea

149 Rubisco enzymes play central roles in carbon fixation, w

150 oxysome and shows a dynamic interaction with Rubisco enzymes.

151 Although values for spinach RubisCO (epsilon = ~29 per mille) have routinely been us

152 etic electron transport remained high, while RuBisCO expression decreased concomitant with an inducti

153 RubisCO fixes (12) CO(2) faster than (13) CO(2) resultin

154 domain inserted into an otherwise canonical Rubisco fold, providing a tremendous expansion of our un

155 te decarboxylation concentrates CO(2) around Rubisco for secondary fixation.

156 Engineering improved Rubisco for the enhancement of photosynthesis is challen

157 Clustering of RuBisCO Form II with a highly prevalent Zetaproteobacter

158 Neither the Rubisco form nor the use of solvent D(2)O and deuterated

159 is apparent from these measurements that all RubisCO forms measured to date discriminate less than co

160 the influence of outer sphere atoms, in two Rubisco forms of contrasted O(2)/CO(2) selectivity.

161 lose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) forms dead-end inhibited complexes while bindin

162 Of the three carboxylating forms of RubisCO, forms I and II participate in autotrophy, and f

163 As an example, at 25 degrees C, Rubisco from Hordeum vulgare and Glycine max presented,

164 , we show this impediment does not extend to Rubisco from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RsRubisco)-a red-t

165 ive evolution rounds using the plant-like Te-Rubisco from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elon

166 rgely affected the assimilation potential of Rubisco from the different crops, especially under those

167 Here, we report that form III RubisCO functions in the CBB cycle in the thermophilic c

168 The dedicated enzyme, RubisCO, has a low turnover and poor specificity for CO2

169 However, photosynthesis and, in particular, Rubisco have not been characterized in trichomes.

170 ized folding and assembly requirements of Te-Rubisco hinder its heterologous expression in leaf chlor

171 t multiple CcmM(S) domains can bind a single RubisCO holoenzyme and, moreover, that RbcS is not relea

172 nt transformation strategies, replacement of Rubisco in a model C3 plant with cyanobacterial Rubisco

173 Rubisco in Arabidopsis was re-engineered to incorporate

174 es (Ecrs), which outcompete the plant enzyme RuBisCO in catalytic efficiency and fidelity by more tha

175 ganic carbon in the aquatic habitat, whereas Rubisco in extant land plants reflects more recent selec

176 The broad kinetic diversity of Rubisco in nature is accompanied by differences in the c

177 individual CcmM(S) domains are able to bind RubisCO in vitro with 1.16 mum affinity.

178 s Rca-alpha alone less effectively activates Rubisco in vitro, it is not known how CO(2) assimilation

179 g it into CO(2) in a compartment that houses Rubisco (in contrast with other CCMs that concentrate CO

180 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) in a paracrystalline lattice, making it possibl

181 n efficiency (CE) by 17%, relative to potato Rubisco incorporating pS1 or pS2-subunits.

182 were most impaired in lines producing potato Rubisco incorporating the pS(T)-subunit, which reduced C

183 biochemical pump that concentrates CO2 near RubisCO increasing assimilation efficacy.

184 S was deleted, suggesting that CcmM(S) binds RubisCO independently of its RbcS subunit.

185 These results support a possible role for Rubisco inhibitors in protecting the enzyme and maintain

186 sing ca1pase would decrease the abundance of Rubisco inhibitors, thereby increasing the activity of R

187 amers containing some subunits that lack the Rubisco-interacting N-terminal domain displayed a ~2-fol

188 identity of 89 pyrenoid proteins, including Rubisco-interacting proteins, photosystem I assembly fac

189 ments were used to evaluate a suite of known Rubisco-interacting residues for relative importance in

190 Overall Rubisco-interacting residues located toward the rim of t

191 ed structure-guided mutagenesis to probe the Rubisco-interacting surface of rice Rca.

192 se and Rca activity, implicating them in the Rubisco interaction.

193 lothiobacillus neapolitanus demonstrate that Rubisco interacts with the N terminus of CsoS2, a multiv

194 Rubisco leads to spontaneous condensation of Rubisco into a single phase-separated compartment in Ara

195 Although cyanobacterial rubisco is believed to be less sensitive to RuBP inhibit

196 displaced by O(2.) Hence, carbon fixation by RuBisCO is highly inefficient; indeed, in higher C3 plan

197 Rubisco is primarily found in the chloroplasts of mesoph

198 Rubisco is prone to inhibition by tight-binding sugar ph

199 Rubisco is the essential enzyme mediating the fixation o

200 oxygenation of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate by Rubisco is the first step in photorespiration and reduce

201 lose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) is inhibited by nonproductive binding of its su

202 lose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the cornerstone of atmospheric CO(2) fixatio

203 ulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the most abundant enzyme in plants and is re

204 lose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is the most abundant enzyme on Earth.

205 ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), is a main determinant of de novo organic matte

206 The central enzyme of photosynthesis, Rubisco, is regulated by Rubisco activase (Rca).

207 rchaeon Methanococcoides burtonii contains a Rubisco isoform that functions to scavenge the ribulose-

208 lutionary constraints, prompting interest in Rubisco isoforms from non-photosynthetic organisms.

209 Rubisco kinetic properties in streptophyte algae have re

210 he existence of significant variation in the Rubisco kinetics among species.

211 Because Rubisco kinetics and their temperature dependency were s

212 In this study, we present the profile of Rubisco kinetics for 20 crop species at three different

213 nse of the different kinetic parameters, the Rubisco Km for CO2 presented higher energy of activation

214 algal systems and involves threading of the rubisco large subunit C terminus.

215 a model in which Rca transiently threads the Rubisco large subunit N terminus through the axial pore

216 mutations in the conserved N terminus of the Rubisco large subunit.

217 nd plants, we investigated the potential for Rubisco large subunits (LSU) from the beta-cyanobacteriu

218 ion of mature EPYC1 and a plant-algal hybrid Rubisco leads to spontaneous condensation of Rubisco int

219 carboxylation and high temperature) inducing Rubisco-limited photosynthesis.

220 current atmospheric CO2 partial pressure was Rubisco-limited.

221 ivatives bind tightly to the active sites of Rubisco, locking the enzyme in a catalytically inactive

222 The crystal structure of M. burtonii Rubisco (MbR) presented here at 2.6 A resolution is comp

223 Most notably, an alternative RuBisCO-mediated CO(2) reduction (the reductive hexulose

224 lection that recovers physiologically active RubisCO molecules directly from uncultivated and largely

225 gher plants, dead-end inhibited complexes of Rubisco must constantly be engaged and remodeled by the

226 y and characterize a suite of 33 Arabidopsis Rubisco mutants for their ability to be activated by Rca

227 a metabolic module, the carboxysome, through rubisco network formation, and carboxysome organization.

228 The lower ambient temperature, and Rubisco not working at night, can explain most of the di

229 he effective time-averaged catalytic rate of Rubisco of ~0.03 s(-1) on land and ~0.6 s(-1) in the oce

230 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) often limit plant productivity.

231 s attempting to simultaneously bind a single RubisCO oligomer.

232 and rigorous estimate for the total mass of Rubisco on Earth, concluding it is ~0.7 Gt, more than an

233 tron microscopy revealed that Rca docks onto Rubisco over one active site at a time, positioning the

234 s 2-phosphoglycolate, a toxic product of the Rubisco oxygenation reaction.

235 pyrenoid matrix, potentially explaining how Rubisco packaging into a pyrenoid could have evolved acr

236 High ratios of RuBisCO:phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity support

237 g needs of catalytically efficient red algae Rubisco prevent their production in plants.

238 The pS3-subunit caused impairment of potato Rubisco production by ~15% relative to the lines produci

239 oining 5'-intergenic sequences revealed that Rubisco production was highest (50% of the wild type) in

240 (cTP), and N-terminal domains to the ATPase, Rubisco recognition and C-terminal domains.

241 tein whose C-terminal region is required for RubisCO recruitment.

242 ysis of the CsoS2 interaction motif bound to Rubisco reveals a series of conserved electrostatic inte

243 ited active sites of the CO(2)-fixing enzyme Rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

244 d large subunits of the carbon-fixing enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

245 weak, but significant, sequence identity to RubisCO's small subunit, RbcS, suggesting that CcmM bind

246 Approximately 33,000 unique rubisco sequences were identified and clustered into ~ 1

247 of Rubisco to the pyrenoid, namely the algal Rubisco small subunit (SSU, encoded by rbcS) or only the

248 nsional structure that closely resembles the RubisCO small subunit, CcmM does not dislodge it, leadin

249 otiana tabacum) trichomes contain a specific Rubisco small subunit, NtRbcS-T, which belongs to an unc

250 ed regulators of maize C(4) enzyme genes and RUBISCO SMALL SUBUNIT2 Our study provides not only a pow

251 plants were produced that lacked cognate Se Rubisco small subunits (SSU) and expressed the Se LSU in

252 d form II multimer ever solved and the first RubisCO structure obtained from an uncultivated bacteriu

253 inales order are proposed to belong to a new Rubisco subgroup, named form IIIB.

254 PRK consumes ATP to produce the Rubisco substrate ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

255 ed RubisCO assembly by displacing one of the RubisCO subunits, Ryan et al. show that despite having a

256 alytic properties similar to those of native Rubisco, suggesting that the alpha-helices are catalytic

257 r, our inability to verify the expression of RuBisCO suggests that carbon fixation was not critical f

258 members of the PdxA, class II aldolase, and RuBisCO superfamilies are phosphorylated, we postulated

259 consists of a system of equations describing RuBisCO synthesis and degradation within chloroplasts, d

260 initiating and sustaining the activation of Rubisco than when Rca-beta is also present.

261 or side-product of the oxygenase activity of Rubisco that also directly impedes carbon assimilation a

262 e cognate Se SSU in planta, harboring active Rubisco that enables plant growth, albeit at a much slow

263 Deletion of the genes encoding ruBisCO (the CO(2)-fixing enzyme of the Calvin-Benson-Ba

264 to remove inhibitors from the active site of Rubisco, the central carboxylation enzyme of photosynthe

265 RubisCO, the CO(2) fixing enzyme of the Calvin-Benson-Ba

266 The regulation of Rubisco, the gatekeeper of carbon fixation into the bios

267 ly permeable protein shell that encapsulates Rubisco, the principal CO(2)-fixing enzyme, and carbonic

268 As previously seen for Synechocccus PCC6301 Rubisco, the specialized folding and assembly requiremen

269 le abundance to Rubisco and colocalizes with Rubisco throughout the pyrenoid.

270 overexpressing ca1pase had lower numbers of Rubisco tight-binding inhibitors and higher Rubisco acti

271 rly twofold faster than the fastest measured rubisco to date.

272 We use our estimate for the total mass of Rubisco to derive the effective time-averaged catalytic

273 pecies to thermal stability of RCA, enabling Rubisco to remain active.

274 critical to tailoring the properties of crop Rubisco to suit future climates.

275 released indicates that binding of inhibited Rubisco to the C-terminal CbbO VWA domain initiates a si

276 e thought to be essential for recruitment of Rubisco to the pyrenoid, namely the algal Rubisco small

277 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) to enhance carbon assimilation.

278 lose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) to show that the sterile spikelet assimilates c

279 Both forms of RuBisCO, together with ATP citrate lyase genes in the rT

280 e that secretory trichomes have a particular Rubisco uniquely adapted to secretory cells where CO2 is

281 cing the activity of the CO(2)-fixing enzyme Rubisco using biophysical CO(2) concentrating mechanisms

282 h efforts, there are five different forms of RubisCO utilized by diverse photolithoautotrophs and che

283 showed in vivo capacity for carboxylation at Rubisco (V(c,max) ), and not stomata, as the primary lim

284 CcmM(S) bound equally tightly to a RubisCO variant in which the alpha/beta domain of RbcS w

285 sulted from a high capacity for both maximum Rubisco (Vc,max 117 mumol CO2 m(-2) s(-1)) and ribulose-

286 c capacity (maximal rate of carboxylation of Rubisco (Vcmax ), and the maximum rate of electron trans

287 eria are able to overcome the limitations of Rubisco via localization within a high-CO(2) environment

288 lpha4-beta4 surface loop that interacts with Rubisco via Lys-216.

289 MF trees examined, a substantial fraction of Rubisco was inactive.

290 Carbamylation of Fremyella recombinant rubisco was inhibited by RuBP, but this inhibition was n

291 To study its effect on plant growth, the Te-Rubisco was transformed into tobacco by chloroplast tran

292 roducing near wild-type levels of the hybrid Rubisco were similar to those of wild-type controls.

293 tic fractionation of the fifth form, form IC RubisCO, which is found widely in aquatic and terrestria

294 id metabolism (CAM) concentrate CO(2) around RuBisCO while reducing transpirational water loss associ

295 co and enhances carbon fixation by supplying Rubisco with a high concentration of CO2 Since the disco

296 This activity provides Rubisco with a high concentration of its substrate, ther

297 cycle is constrained by the side activity of Rubisco with dioxygen, generating 2-phosphoglycolate.

298 the transit peptide of the small subunit of Rubisco with mature HMR rescues both its plastidial and

299 ntrating mechanism (CCM), which encapsulates Rubisco with poor specificity but a relatively fast cata

300 supplying the central carbon-fixing enzyme, Rubisco, with a higher concentration of its substrate, C