ライフサイエンスコーパス: Trp

1 Trp analogues are also valuable as building blocks for m

2 Trp concentrations were decreased mostly in viral CNS in

3 We also noted that residues Lys-101, Trp-103, and Glu-184 are crucial for proteolytic activit

4 *min; control: 102 +/- 41; C12: 522 +/- 102; Trp: 198 +/- 63; C12 + Trp: 545 +/- 138), and suppressed

5 l/L*min; control: 21 +/- 8; C12: 129 +/- 15; Trp: 97 +/- 16; C12 + Trp: 229 +/- 22) and GLP-1 (AUC0-9

6 ite and the possible interplay between the 2 Trp metabolic pathways.

7 conserved between murine and human IL-23p19 (Trp(156) in the human ortholog), the site 3 W156A substi

8 t two lipophilic residues of tetraspanin 33, Trp-283 and Tyr-282, were required for its interaction w

9 a well-conserved tryptophan at position 375 (Trp 375) in HIV-2/SIVsmm.

10 itrated other active-site residues (Trp(52), Trp(396), and Tyr(393)).

11 l: -3,433 +/- 2,647; C12: -11,825 +/- 3,521; Trp: -8,417 +/- 3,734; C12 + Trp: -18,188 +/- 4,165) con

12 ocess was explored through the labeling of 6-Trp-containing peptides and proteins ranging from 1 to 1

13 -375, and Leu-378 with ZapD residues Leu-74, Trp-77, Leu-91, and Leu-174.

14 re induced by the C-terminal residues Asp-78-Trp-82 of EcMazE, which are also responsible for strong

15 l; control: 1,232 +/- 72, C12: 1,180 +/- 82, Trp: 1,269 +/- 73, C12 + Trp: 1,056 +/- 106), stimulated

16 A Trp guest-host peptide was studied by manipulating its s

17 rong preference for rare peptides carrying a Trp at position 8 (p8) of 9-mer peptides bound to HLA-C*

18 The interactions of exenatide, a Trp-containing peptide used as a drug to treat diabetes,

19 Finally, a Trp quenching study revealed binding of cyclic-di-GMP wi

20 The C-terminal region of LRRK2 is a Trp-Asp-40 (WD40) domain with poorly defined biological

21 essential mitotic regulator consisting of a Trp-Trp (WW) domain flexibly tethered to a peptidyl-prol

22 lex of a peptide bound to HLA-C*05:01 with a Trp at p8 was sufficient for activation of primary KIR2D

23 ism of glycerophospholipids and amino acids (Trp, Met, and Cys, branched-chain amino acids), as well

24 lly hindered amino acid junctions (Gly, Ala, Trp, Glu).

25 Although Trp(157) is conserved between murine and human IL-23p19

26 esis that two aromatic residues (Phe-174 and Trp-376), conserved in bacterial GEs, interact with arom

27 We found that Tyr 96, Glu 201, Arg 204, and Trp 234 in the presumptive active site of JIP60 are cons

28 o conserved aromatic residues (Phe(3049) and Trp(3052)) were either individually or both replaced by

29 packed by the aromatic rings of Tyr(312) and Trp(273), as well as the hydrocarbon side chain of Ile(3

30 matic cage composed of Tyr-362, Ser-369, and Trp-385 that accommodate the tri-methylated side chain o

31 W(3Cyto) and Trp-less Pgp retained wild-type-like protein expression,

32 bic platform defined by residues Trp-711 and Trp-106, located in a highly mobile loop, appears able t

33 id positions, Val-750, Ile-552, Ile-839, and Trp-500, located within a previously proposed substrate

34 was completely symmetrical, rich in Arg and Trp residues, and able to adopt a native RTD-1-like stru

35 conserved in a narrow part of branch B, and Trp-112 is conserved in a wider group within branch B.

36 nilino-1-naphthalene-sulphonate binding, and Trp solvation studies suggests that it forms a partially

37 C12 and Trp each stimulated CCK (P < 0.05), but to a lesser degr

38 the intraduodenal administration of C12 and Trp, at loads that do not affect energy intake individua

39 ined intraduodenal administration of C12 and Trp, at loads that individually do not affect energy int

40 of the hTDO-CO-Trp complex show that CO and Trp remain bound in the active site under comparable X-r

41 However, Gln and Trp substitution at Arg-1150 significantly decreased gli

42 Kyn and Trp concentrations were measured using ultraperformance

43 it of detection (0.5nM and 120nM for Kyn and Trp detection, respectively) and a broad linear range of

44 re we studied the role of the CBM-linker and Trp-38 of TrCel7A with respect to binding affinity, on-

45 th the exception of two amino acids (Met and Trp), all other amino acid residues are each encoded by

46 lyzing GAL4 driver lines of Ir, Gr, Ppk, and Trp receptor genes.

47 iled that residues Tyr(195) (-3 subsite) and Trp(234) (-5 subsite) from distal negative subsites have

48 ately, whereas microscale thermophoresis and Trp fluorescence represent a summary or average of both

49 However, Tyr and Trp are not functionally interchangeable, and the factor

50 Tyr and Trp residues served as donor and acceptor at the ends of

51 Ala, Asp, Asn, Glu, Gln, Lys, Phe, Tyr, and Trp showed that although both the Cu(Z) and Cu(A) sites

52 and the amino acid side chains Phe, Tyr, and Trp.

53 histidines containing tripeptides His(2-Ar)-Trp-His(2-Ar) exhibit potent antifungal activity against

54 tantly, C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae are Trp auxotrophs and are starved for this essential nutrie

55 The tetrapeptide His-DPhe-Arg-Trp or tripeptide DPhe-Arg-Trp replaced the Arg-Phe-Phe

56 tide His-DPhe-Arg-Trp or tripeptide DPhe-Arg-Trp replaced the Arg-Phe-Phe sequence in the AGRP active

57 ist potency at the mMC4R, c[Pro-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Asn-Ala-Phe-DPro] and c[Pro-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Dap-Ala

58 Trp-Asn-Ala-Phe-DPro] and c[Pro-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Dap-Ala-DPro], and may be further developed to gener

59 he melanocortin tetrapeptide Ac-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-NH2.

60 dative modification of apoA-I via 5-OHTrp at Trp(72) impairs cholesterol efflux and the rate-limiting

61 analog probe 2,7-diaza-tryptophan ((2,7-aza)Trp), which exhibits unique water-catalyzed proton-trans

62 The tryptophan analogue, 7-aza-Trp (7AW) was incorporated in the BLUF domain of the Act

63 t measurable rates and that the analog 7-aza-Trp, which is expected to temper the nucleophilicity of

64 the flavin to estimate the distance between Trp and flavin in both the light- and dark-adapted state

65 ar dynamics studies revealed that ET between Trp(233) and Cys(222) is possible and likely to particip

66 photoinduced electron transfer (PET) between Trp and the pyridinium salt, followed by fragmentation o

67 ed Forster resonance energy transfer between Trp in StnII and cholestatrienol, a fluorescent analog o

68 The most potent peptide 12f [His(2-biphenyl)-Trp-His(2-biphenyl)] displayed high in vitro activity ag

69 ement of Leu in 1 and in derivatives of 1 by Trp turned Y(4)R agonism to antagonism, giving Y(4)R ant

70 ere both the Sa and Si sites are occupied by Trp.

71 C12 + Trp markedly reduced energy intake (kcal; control: 1,232

72 /- 8; C12: 129 +/- 15; Trp: 97 +/- 16; C12 + Trp: 229 +/- 22) and GLP-1 (AUC0-90 min, pmol/L*min; con

73 41; C12: 522 +/- 102; Trp: 198 +/- 63; C12 + Trp: 545 +/- 138), and suppressed ghrelin (AUC0-90 min,

74 C12: 1,180 +/- 82, Trp: 1,269 +/- 73, C12 + Trp: 1,056 +/- 106), stimulated plasma CCK (AUC(area und

75 ,825 +/- 3,521; Trp: -8,417 +/- 3,734; C12 + Trp: -18,188 +/- 4,165) concentrations, but did not stim

76 P < 0.05), but to a lesser degree than C12 + Trp, and did not suppress energy intake or ghrelin.

77 IDO) and arginase 1 (ARG1), which catabolize Trp and Arg, respectively, respond to inflammatory cues

78 Cells catabolizing Trp and Arg suppress effector T cells and stabilize regu

79 generation of a tryptophanyl radical-cation (Trp(233*+)).

80 mediate trapped in a crystal of the hIDO1-CO-Trp complex, where CO is photolyzed from the heme iron b

81 parative studies of a crystal of the hTDO-CO-Trp complex show that CO and Trp remain bound in the act

82 aled that combinations of Kyn concentration, Trp concentration, and Kyn/Trp concentration ratio with

83 he R-spine of RAF interacts with a conserved Trp residue in the vicinity of the NtA motif, connecting

84 in which one or two of four highly conserved Trp residues in the binding tunnel had been replaced wit

85 trans isomerization about a highly conserved Trp-Pro imide bond in a region of the TAD that is requir

86 ative interaction between a highly conserved Trp/Glu residue pair in the lower pore is detrimental to

87 beta-turn but instead required two conserved Trp(1)-Cys(2) residues at the N terminus.

88 This "conserved" Trp, however, can arise from different germline genes an

89 greatest increases in antibodies containing Trp or Val motifs.

90 e identified, from which four are containing Trp at C-terminal.

91 We also showed that beta-cyclopropyl-Trp undergoes C2 methylation in the absence of cycloprop

92 sequently, there is a reduction in cytosolic Trp in IFN-gamma-activated host cells.

93 ion process was developed to nitrate 4-Me-DL-Trp.

94 ues at the active site of class D SBLs (i.e. Trp(105), Val(120), and Leu(158), using OXA-48 numbering

95 t the C2 position of the indole ring of each Trp residue.

96 is enhanced) and can synthesize enantiopure Trp analogues substituted at the 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-posit

97 tibodies studied to date, a germline-encoded Trp is used to engage the Pro in NPNA beta-turns, but he

98 We found that aromatic residues, especially Trp, and sulfur-containing residues at the i-2 position

99 However, exploiting Trp fluorescence as an intrinsic reporter of conformatio

100 Fmoc-Trp(C2-BODIPY)-OH contains a BODIPY (4,4-difluoro-4-bora

101 synthesis of the fluorogenic amino acid Fmoc-Trp(C2-BODIPY)-OH (3-4 d), the preparation of the labele

102 phan (Trp)-based fluorogenic amino acid Fmoc-Trp(C2-BODIPY)-OH and its incorporation into peptides fo

103 d 1-100microM for Kyn, and 0.1-300microM for Trp detection).

104 Tyr supplementation is higher than it is for Trp, and the relative effect of brain Phe reduction is h

105 tion displays excellent site selectivity for Trp and is tolerant to other, redox-active amino-acid re

106 is especially attractive because it can form Trp analogues directly from serine (Ser) and the corresp

107 -triad chain is extended to include a fourth Trp (W369) and a Tyr (Y319) residue at the protein surfa

108 ces between fluorescence lifetimes of "free" Trp derivatives hydroxytryptophan (OH-Trp), N-formylkynu

109 between some key hydrophobic residues (e.g. Trp-64) and MoS2 surface also help to accelerate the pro

110 tion of labile amino acids such as Asn, Gln, Trp, Cit, and theanine.

111 -aminomethylaniline-diglycolic acid-DPhe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-NHEt), showing excellent tumor l

112 4-amino-1-carboxymethyl-piperidine-d-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2 ((68)Ga-RM2) is a synthe

113 Methods: DOTA-D-Glu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-(N-Me)Nle-Asp-1-Nal-NH(2) (DOTA-MGS5) radiolabeled w

114 )Lu-DOTA-MG11 ((177)Lu-DOTA-dGlu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH(2)) and (177)Lu-DOTA-PP-F11 ((177)Lu-

115 A-PP-F11 ((177)Lu-DOTA-(dGlu)(6)-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH(2)), and whether the use of protease

116 -PP-F11N ((177)Lu-DOTA-(dGlu)(6)-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-Phe-NH(2)) performs better than reference an

117 n analog (177)Lu-DOTA-(d-Glu)(6)-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-PheNH(2) ((177)Lu-PP-F11N) is a suitable age

118 residue H75 defines a cross-protomer Asp-His-Trp triad, which potentially serves as a pH-dependent re

119 gomerization interface based on specific His/Trp ring orientations while stabilizing the pK(a) of the

120 eptide position 1 predicted to alter the HLA Trp-167 side-chain conformation abrogated TCR binding, i

121 olved in Trp and Arg catabolism (IDO1, IDO2, Trp 2,3-dioxygenase [TDO], arginase [ARG] 1, ARG2, induc

122 can almost exclusively be attributed to Ile-Trp, the ACE inhibition by plant protein hydrolysates is

123 , we identify aberrant geotactic behavior in Trp-gamma (1) mutants, thereby opening up a finer assay

124 ected to temper the nucleophilicity of C2 in Trp, is a very poor substrate.

125 Ca(2+)-dependent increase in Trp(94) fluorescence, indicative of the GCAP1 transition

126 pression and activity of enzymes involved in Trp and Arg catabolism (IDO1, IDO2, Trp 2,3-dioxygenase

127 pression and activity of enzymes involved in Trp and Arg catabolism, as well as to investigate amino

128 ires deprotonation of the indole nitrogen in Trp during its attack on methylcobalamin.

129 e modifications at multiple sites, including Trp(72) Site-specific mutagenesis studies have suggested

130 Processes that induce Trp and Arg catabolism in the TME remain incompletely de

131 for the synthesis of previously intractable Trp analogues.

132 Introducing Trp(85) or Phe(29) to replace Cys or Leu, respectively,

133 Kyn/Trp was decreased from healthy through completely tolera

134 yn concentration, Trp concentration, and Kyn/Trp concentration ratio with leukocyte count or lactate

135 gnificant association with Trp, Kyn, and Kyn/Trp in healthy and food-allergic cases.

136 n mechanism with selectivity toward D- and L-Trp as shown in voltammetric, photoluminescence and mole

137 omenon that occurs between photoexcited D-/L-Trp enantiomers and rGO/gamma-CD giving rise to an enant

138 cal mode for of tryptophan enantiomers (D-/L-Trp).

139 This free l-Trp-dependent mechanism of inhibition of translation ter

140 a)-l-tryptophanamide (FDTA), prepared from l-Trp, followed by LCMS analysis; all amino acids were fou

141 oxynitrite species that is able to nitrate l-Trp efficiently.

142 The production of both 4-Me-5-NO2-L-Trp and 4-Me-7-NO2-L-Trp uncovered remarkable regio-prom

143 on of both 4-Me-5-NO2-L-Trp and 4-Me-7-NO2-L-Trp uncovered remarkable regio-promiscuity of nitration

144 an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of l-Trp and indole acetic acid.

145 Overall conversion of l-Trp by the Thal-RebH5 variant resembled that of WT Thal,

146 ere, we analyzed the inhibitory effects of l-Trp on the function of two known E. coli translation ter

147 GA) tnaA-lacZ construct and the ability of l-Trp to inhibit RF2-mediated cleavage of the TnaC-peptidy

148 g assays confirmed that in the presence of l-Trp, the UGA stop codon generates higher accumulation of

149 Reductive cleavage of an L-Pro-L-Trp dipeptide from the MalG non-ribosomal peptide synthe

150 unding the RF2-GGQ functional motif reduce l-Trp-dependent expression of the tnaC(UGA) tnaA-lacZ cons

151 ) in a ternary complex with the substrates L-Trp and O2 and in a binary complex with the product N-fo

152 diated hydrolysis assays corroborated that l-Trp blocks RF2 function more than that of RF1.

153 Altogether, our results indicate that l-Trp preferentially blocks RF2 activity during translatio

154 s faster than that of NO and also leads to l-Trp nitration, while little evidence of product formatio

155 reporter genes, we found that the in vivo l-Trp sensitivity of tnaC gene expression is influenced by

156 ds were composed of Val, Pro, Tyr, Met, Leu, Trp, Phe, Lys and Glu.

157 Surprisingly, many Trp positions contained non-conservative substitutions t

158 ered immunosensor was examined in monitoring Trp consumption and Kyn production in metastatic (Calu-6

159 cts in a homozygous proprioceptory mutation (Trp-gamma (1) ) known to affect fine motor control in Dr

160 ligand is close to the tunnel entrance (near Trp-40), whereas the rest of the binding tunnel is empty

161 alculated absorption spectra for the neutral Trp radical.

162 e chemical nature of the non-tryptophan (non-Trp) fluorescence of porcine and human eye lens proteins

163 C12, but not Trp, stimulated GLP-1 (P < 0.05) and phasic pyloric pres

164 fully automated radiosynthesis of octreotide[Trp(2-CF(2)(18)F)] enables in vivo positron emission tom

165 rexpressed and was shown to prenylate C-3 of Trp residues in both linear and cyclic peptides in vitro

166 that all other indole-substituted analogs of Trp undergo methylation at varying but measurable rates

167 ught to involve the sequential conversion of Trp to indole-3-pyruvic acid to IAA However, the pathway

168 high levels of defense and dysregulation of Trp biosynthesis.

169 We showed that the fluorescence emission of Trp-327 is enhanced in response to activator binding, bu

170 tric immunosensor for in vitro evaluation of Trp consumption and Kyn production controlled by cancer

171 Fluorescence of Trp, its derivatives and argpyrimidine (ArgP) can be exc

172 a highly promising PET probe for imaging of Trp metabolism.

173 were insensitive to a chemical inhibitor of Trp biosynthesis, which is a phenotype previously observ

174 these PTMs to the fluorescence intensity of Trp, to determine semi-quantitatively their concentratio

175 that can mimic the molecular interactions of Trp, enabling wash-free imaging.

176 its a shift in samples with higher levels of Trp oxidation.

177 The serum levels of Trp, key KP metabolites (kynurenine and kynurenic and qu

178 sively shown, that oxidative modification of Trp(72) of apoA-I impairs many atheroprotective properti

179 Mutation of Trp(233) to phenylalanine (W233F) completely abolishes t

180 Trp or any molecule within a tested panel of Trp analogs.

181 we showed that the unmodified N1 position of Trp is important for turnover and that 1-thia-Trp and 1-

182 use of off-mechanism oxidation, primarily of Trp-321, and PxEDs stimulate KatG catalase activity by p

183 water-scant environment in the proximity of Trp for AnsA and AnsB, respectively.

184 as post-translational modifications (PTM) of Trp and Arg amino acid residues.

185 The residues of Trp-354, Arg-359, Glu-355, Leu-363, and Glu-367 in DR5 d

186 ily conserved modifications to a sequence of Trp residues (Trp-triad) required for CRY photoreduction

187 ndolmycin and AN3365, to mimic starvation of Trp and leucine, respectively.

188 anine (N255F), together with substitution of Trp(273) with alanine (W273A), generated an active site

189 While the enantioselective synthesis of Trp analogues is often lengthy and requires the use of p

190 Using the technique of Trp-Cys contact quenching, we investigate the effects of

191 y profiles corresponding to the unfolding of Trp-cage miniprotein in the presence and absence of urea

192 "free" Trp derivatives hydroxytryptophan (OH-Trp), N-formylkynurenine (NFK), kynurenine (Kyn), hydrox

193 We show that the cumulative fraction of OH-Trp, NFK and ArgP emission dominates the total fluoresce

194 These data suggest that ribosome stalling on Trp codons causes a negative polar effect on downstream

195 ecular collapse of Tyr(93) in kringle-1 onto Trp(547) in the protease domain that obliterates access

196 eparating the signals of interest from other Trp and Tyr residues.

197 nd 114 of StnII when compared to three other Trp positions further away from the bilayer binding regi

198 t for turnover and that 1-thia-Trp and 1-oxa-Trp serve as competitive inhibitors.

199 One residue in particular, Trp-271, is essential for cleavage of MKK3, MKK4, and MK

200 n the case of IFN-gamma-induced persistence, Trp codon-dependent changes in transcription.

201 of various planar (including aromatic (Phe, Trp, Tyr, and His)/amide (Asn and Gln)/Guanidine (Arg))

202 n vitro screens identified MTM(ox)32E (a Phe-Trp dipeptide-based 2'-conjugate) for in vivo testing.

203 nsin II (UII, 1, H-Glu-Thr-Pro-Asp-c[Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys]-Val-OH) fragment 4-11 were synthesized

204 The data indicate preferred Trp substitutions specific to the local context, often d

205 s are obtained for three different proteins (Trp-cage, myoglobin, and cytochrome c) with folding time

206 CLR selectivity for CGRP/AM in part by RAMP1 Trp-84 or RAMP2 Glu-101 contacting the distinct CGRP/AM

207 Lys(8) residues in the biologically relevant Trp-Lys-Tyr triad.

208 t residue of the peptide through HLA residue Trp-167, which acted as a tunable gateway.

209 acting its three conserved aromatic residues Trp-71, Tyr-87, and Phe-89 at the center of this pocket.

210 A hydrophobic platform defined by residues Trp-711 and Trp-106, located in a highly mobile loop, ap

211 ted and nitrated other active-site residues (Trp(52), Trp(396), and Tyr(393)).

212 modifications to a sequence of Trp residues (Trp-triad) required for CRY photoreduction.

213 in solvent accessibility of one of beta2m's Trp residues, which is buried during the initial structu

214 1 binding pocket for a ULM tryptophan (SF3b1 Trp(338)) and electrostatic interactions with a basic UL

215 first time, a FRET assay in PCa cells shows Trp-quenching due to Trp-NAD(P)H interactions, correlati

216 al water environments surrounding the single Trp.

217 HBS stapled Trp peptide exhibited signs of steric hindrance and diff

218 ers a large-scale migration of the substrate Trp, as well as the photolyzed CO, from the active site

219 ures of hIDO1 in complex with its substrate, Trp, an inhibitor, epacadostat, and/or an effector, indo

220 g strong interactions with the toggle switch Trp 246(6.48), and delineated the structural response to

221 ces cerevisiae tryptophanyl tRNA-synthetase (Trp-RS):suppressor tRNA pair to insert the noncanonical

222 The N-terminal Trp-Trp (WW) domain of PLEKHA7 interacts directly with t

223 t the earliest reaction time points and that Trp-321 is the preferred site of off-catalase protein ox

224 Here, we review evidence that Trp and Arg catabolism contributes to inflammatory proce

225 ved residues within WRDPLVDID indicated that Trp-637 plays a crucial role in Pah1 function.

226 in cell culture media, and could reveal that Trp consumption and Kyn production by highly metastatic

227 The Trp peptide synthesized with L-amino acids translocated

228 The Trp-38 to Ala substitution resulted in increased off-rat

229 The Trp-Kyn-NAD+ pathway is activated in CNS infections and

230 In ClCRY4, the Trp-triad chain is extended to include a fourth Trp (W36

231 (III:16/3.40), a residue that constrains the Trp-248 microswitch in its inactive conformation.

232 d strength both were typically lower for the Trp variants, but effects of the substitutions were mode

233 age the Pro in NPNA beta-turns, but here the Trp interacts with the first Asn.

234 entrations of the first 6 metabolites in the Trp catabolic pathway by LC-MS-MS in the community-based

235 epertoire of ion channels, which include the Trp channel Trpm8 and potassium channel Kcnk9, that are

236 (ArgP) can be excited at the red edge of the Trp absorption band which allows normalisation of the em

237 tightly correlated with upregulation of the Trp biosynthetic pathway but not with changes in central

238 rk suggests that coordinate targeting of the Trp catabolic enzymes tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) a

239 iving force for the high conservation of the Trp residues.

240 ulfamides were inserted as surrogates of the Trp(7) and Lys(8) residues in the biologically relevant

241 largely governed by residues positioning the Trp backbone atoms.

242 The docking tests indicated that the Trp containing peptides can bind, with different affinit

243 this cofactor donates a methyl moiety to the Trp substrate is unknown.

244 celerated zinc transport kinetics versus the Trp-form.

245 Introduction of these Trp derivatives into RGD peptides as a benchmark system

246 rp is important for turnover and that 1-thia-Trp and 1-oxa-Trp serve as competitive inhibitors.

247 lying preparation and separation steps, this Trp-Kyn immunosensor offers an improved limit of detecti

248 ers for Tyr(187) in TMIV (Phe(171)) and TMV (Trp(194)).

249 In addition to Trp(233*+), a Cys(222)-derived radical was identified by

250 It is attached to Trp via a spacer-free C-C linkage, resulting in a labele

251 ssay in PCa cells shows Trp-quenching due to Trp-NAD(P)H interactions, correlating energy transfer ef

252 nd and concomitant transfer of this group to Trp.

253 activity, as measured by the ratio of Kyn to Trp, could be used to diagnose or predict active tubercu

254 The 7-aza modification to Trp makes selective excitation possible using 310 nm exc

255 d conditions, its position is shifted toward Trp-cage's C-terminus.

256 alyses revealed that tRNA(Met(CAU)) and tRNA(Trp(CCA)) are substrates for Cm formation, tRNA(Gln(UUG)

257 The presence of tRNA(Met) and tRNA(Trp) in both ceriantharian mitogenomes supports a closer

258 ia indicating a possible suppression of tRNA(Trp) in Octocorallia.

259 ma (IFN-gamma), which leads to a tryptophan (Trp)-limiting environment via induction of the enzyme in

260 Derivatives of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) serve as precursors for the chemical and biological

261 ed catabolism of the amino acids tryptophan (Trp) and arginine (Arg) is a common TME hallmark at clin

262 In other diseases, SI activates tryptophan (Trp) degradation through the kynurenine pathway (KP), gi

263 trations of kynurenine (Kyn) and tryptophan (Trp) in 221 cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients wi

264 uto-fluorescent NAD(P)H, FAD and tryptophan (Trp) lifetimes and their enzyme-bound fractions as marke

265 C-terminal to tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) residues provides a potential alternative to enzyma

266 ar cation-pi interaction between tryptophan (Trp) and an amine cation are shown to absorb and fluores

267 ioxygenase (IDO), which degrades tryptophan (Trp) to kynurenine (Kyn), has been demonstrated to contr

268 gulatory enzyme that breaks down tryptophan (Trp) to metabolites known as kynurenines (Kyns).

269 in their structure three or four tryptophan (Trp) residues linked to a central scaffold.

270 mal titration calorimetry (ITC), tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence, and microscale thermophoresis measure

271 rade the essential amino acid, l-tryptophan (Trp), along the kynurenine pathway.

272 l-tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid for mammals, is the precur

273 lyzes the methylation of C2 in l-tryptophan (Trp).

274 py and intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan (Trp) 265 after illumination.

275 the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism.

276 ne (Kyn) as a main catabolite of tryptophan (Trp) degradation is involved in the immuno-editing proce

277 time and selective monitoring of tryptophan (Trp) in blood and sweat samples, with a linear range of

278 or the selective modification of tryptophan (Trp) residues in peptides and small proteins using elect

279 n G, IgG) isotypes with oxidized tryptophan (Trp) residues were selectively generated by incubating t

280 mbination with a series of StnII tryptophan (Trp) mutants to study StnII/bilayer interactions.

281 By use of the tryptophan (Trp) analog probe 2,7-diaza-tryptophan ((2,7-aza)Trp), w

282 he intrinsic fluorescence of the tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) amino acid residues present in t

283 small-molecule inhibitors of the tryptophan (Trp) catabolic enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)

284 describes the preparation of the tryptophan (Trp)-based fluorogenic amino acid Fmoc-Trp(C2-BODIPY)-OH

285 vates human cells to produce the tryptophan (Trp)-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ID

286 ('C12'), and the amino acid, L-tryptophan ('Trp'), modulate gastrointestinal functions including gut

287 We also show that an active-site tryptophan, Trp-321, participates in off-pathway electron transfer.

288 Fluorescence spectroscopy using tryptophans (Trp) inserted at strategic positions is an important too

289 ith the most hydrophobic peptide Ile-Asn-Tyr-Trp.

290 e difference in steric hindrance between Tyr/Trp(604) and the trifluoromethoxy moiety of NMS-P715, th

291 es for a lasso peptide with an unprecedented Trp residue at its N-terminus, a peptide we have named f

292 When Trp is replaced by Phe, protons can be transferred to H3

293 (123) were involved in NADH binding, whereas Trp(70) and Ser(45) were the key residues for nitrobenze

294 modified by a dHexHex disaccharide, whereas Trp residues within three TSRs are also modified with C-

295 id not reveal a significant association with Trp, Kyn, and Kyn/Trp in healthy and food-allergic cases

296 aled an open and long active-site cleft with Trp-112 in subsite -5 concluded to be involved in mannos

297 transferase GSTU4, which is coexpressed with Trp- and camalexin-specific enzymes, is physically recru

298 nd that maximizes a pai-pai interaction with Trp(227) On the basis of these results, along with previ

299 19) which forms cation-pai interactions with Trp(291) of the S1' subsite and electrostatic interactio

300 facilitated by hydrophobic interactions with Trp-37, Phe-260, and Tyr-443.

301 dicals was observed during the reaction with Trp or any molecule within a tested panel of Trp analogs