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1 n of racemic cyclic diolides (rac-8DL(R) , R=alkyl group).
2 CH2CH2COOH)(OCONHR)], 4, where R is a linear alkyl group.
3 ffering in size, polarity, and charge of the alkyl group.
4 onomers due to the steric requirement of the alkyl group.
5 of CC bond dehydrogenation of an unbranched alkyl group.
6 nzoxazoles with the selective cleavage of an alkyl group.
7 dily, alpha-protons must be available on the alkyl group.
8 rresponding roughly to the size of the alpha-alkyl group.
9 tal alpha-carbon, and (e) branching in the N-alkyl group.
10 the C-C bond to dithiane or to the tertiary alkyl group.
11 vase conformation with self-inclusion of one alkyl group.
12 primary amide group from a chemically inert alkyl group.
13 d activation of an amine with an unactivated alkyl group.
14 ne can be tuned by varying the length of the alkyl group.
15 the beta-carbon, such as an aryl or branched alkyl group.
16 n when the two substituents are both primary alkyl groups.
17 ading capacities and solubilizing oligoether/alkyl groups.
18 a prototypical substrate bearing two linear alkyl groups.
19 otency decreases with increasing size of the alkyl groups.
20 topology arises when the key atom bears two alkyl groups.
21 es contained significant amounts of nonpolar alkyl groups.
22 kyl substituent for both linear and branched alkyl groups.
23 wo TLS polymerases and the structures of the alkyl groups.
24 le W138 provides specificity for short-chain alkyl groups.
25 m polar cyano- and nitro- groups to nonpolar alkyl groups.
26 up while dimethylethylammonium only contains alkyl groups.
27 the 6-position can accommodate a variety of alkyl groups.
28 tive amounts of 1,2- and 1,4-addition of the alkyl groups.
29 hen polyamine length was shortened below six alkyl groups.
30 ed aromatic rings and a limited selection of alkyl groups.
31 -Ti(O-i-Pr)(3) was used as the source of the alkyl groups.
32 igher k(cat) values than those with branched alkyl groups.
33 action is undiminished by sterically bulky N-alkyl groups.
34 in sp(3) C-H bonds are replaced with sp(3) C-alkyl groups.
35 hexyl and octyl) and branched (2-ethylhexyl) alkyl groups.
36 that contain fluorinated and nonfluorinated alkyl groups.
37 alkyl groups; and (iv) steric demands of the alkyl groups.
38 her two aryl, one aryl and one alkyl, or two alkyl groups; 3-aminocyclohex-2-en-1-ones of this type a
39 uch is known about how the structures of the alkyl group affect the repair and replicative bypass of
41 ble with a host of sterically differentiated alkyl groups, alkenes, acidic protons alpha to carbonyl
43 imides containing a solubilizing swallowtail alkyl group and a variety of substituted aryl groups can
44 nactivation involves the removal of the O(6)-alkyl group and its transfer to the active-site cysteine
47 ion is selective toward the less-substituted alkyl group and shows moderate to excellent diastereosel
49 in which the large substituent is a primary alkyl group and the medium substituent is a methyl group
50 ally friendly chiral racemic semifluorinated alkyl group and with AB3 minidendrons containing the sam
51 ich the carbomethoxy has been replaced by an alkyl group and with different phenyl substituents, have
55 osphate and monophosphonate groups by simple alkyl groups and evolved into the sophisticated ProTide
56 e relationship between the length of pendant alkyl groups and framework stability toward water vapor
60 mmetrical dendrons with alternating branched alkyl groups and triarylamine moieties at their peripher
61 ould be minimized with sterically hindered N-alkyl groups), and use of a novel "diamine switch" strat
62 n alkyl amine derivative with an unactivated alkyl group, and allows both primary and secondary alkyl
63 sions decreased with the chain length of the alkyl group, and these lesions directed promiscuous nucl
64 rporation of hydrophobic heterocyclic rings, alkyl groups, and halogens allowed a fine-tuning capabil
65 on current for SAMs terminated in nonpolar n-alkyl groups, and polar groups selected from common pola
66 ive migratory aptitude of phenyl groups over alkyl groups, and provides an efficient synthesis of (+)
68 ) lateral van der Waals interactions between alkyl groups; and (iv) steric demands of the alkyl group
69 determining concerted N(2)-loss/shift of the alkyl group antiperiplanar to the N(2) leaving group.
70 etones with increasing steric demands of the alkyl group are evaluated as potential electrophiles for
71 )-alkyl-dG lesions in human cells, where the alkyl groups are ethyl, n-butyl (nBu), and, for O (6)-al
74 correlation effects between electrons in 1,3-alkyl groups are largely responsible for the enhanced co
77 , but alkene reactions that form hydrophobic alkyl groups are substantially less favorable in water t
78 ugh U=O and U=NR double bonds (where R is an alkyl group) are well-known analogues to transition-meta
80 prefers a pseudoequatorial position, and the alkyl group at C-4 has little influence on conformationa
82 ents exist as equilibrating isomers with the alkyl group at the 7-11 or 12 halide positions of the CB
84 substituted silanes possessing both aryl and alkyl groups at silicon atom were efficiently prepared u
85 whereas analogs bearing smaller and branched alkyl groups at the 3 position of the oxopiperazine temp
87 transferase (MGMT) is an enzyme that removes alkyl groups at the O(6)-position of guanine in DNA.
88 the metal-Calpha-Cbeta-R moiety, in which an alkyl group attached to the Cbeta atom is transferred to
90 roviding allylic alcohols bearing almost any alkyl group available using organoborane chemistry and i
91 (n = 5) are ordered and crystalline, and the alkyl groups become increasingly disordered and liquidli
92 rboring seven O(2)-alkyldT lesions, with the alkyl group being a Me, Et, nPr, iPr, nBu, iBu or sBu, a
93 red how eight O(4)-alkyldT lesions, with the alkyl group being a Me, Et, nPr, iPr, nBu, iBu, (R)-sBu
94 a series of O (6)-alkyl-dG lesions, with the alkyl group being a Me, Et, nPr, iPr, nBu, iBu, or sBu,
95 ture both anancomeric structures, displaying alkyl groups bound to the cyclohexyl ring in equatorial
96 aromatic substitution and replacement of an alkyl group by the nucleophilic alpha-C atom of the phos
97 entation of the lithiation relative to the N-alkyl group, (c) the presence or absence of a potentiall
100 In the resulting structures, long chain alkyl groups (C12 and C14) and phosphopantetheinate defi
103 ylides (i.e. those bearing only hydrogens or alkyl groups) can be generated from (2-azaallyl)stannane
105 to a weakening of the bonds to the bridging alkyl groups; CCG is thus usually more favored for steri
106 inyl, acyl, methyl, and other functionalized alkyl groups chemoselectively to a wide variety of unact
109 servation that ketones with sterically bulky alkyl groups could be reduced to the corresponding alcoh
110 otentially chelating methoxy moiety on the N-alkyl group, (d) the presence of a 2-methyl substituent
111 2-alkylimidazoline 24 is proposed, where the alkyl group derives from the substrate; this imidazoline
113 y to anti (17a and 17b) by introducing bulky alkyl groups (e.g., propyl groups) onto the hydroxy grou
114 pallidols) (both or one ring substituted by alkyl groups, e.g., 4,4'-dimethylstilbene); and those wh
115 ituted, tetracyclic indoline derivative with alkyl groups, employing a mild Negishi C-C bond forming
116 lic substituents (o-, m-, p-pyridyl) or four alkyl groups (ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl), in which ca
120 e substituents (i.e., chlorines for PCBs and alkyl groups for alkylated-PAHs) to the molecular struct
121 ltransferase (AGT), which transfers the O(6)-alkyl group from the damaged base to a cysteine residue
122 adducts of AChE that result from loss of one alkyl group from the inhibited enzyme (the aging reactio
124 ough the inner-sphere attack of nucleophilic alkyl groups from magnesium to the reacting carbons via
125 The DNA and RNA repair protein AlkB removes alkyl groups from nucleic acids by a unique iron- and al
126 Rates of individual steps in the removal of alkyl groups from O6-methyl (Me) and -benzyl (Bz) guanin
127 ylguanine-DNA methyltransferases to transfer alkyl groups from other lesions onto a cysteine residue.
129 sferase is effective in removing the smaller alkyl groups from the O (6) position of guanine, whereas
131 (AGT) is a DNA repair protein which removes alkyl groups from the O-6 position of guanine, thereby p
133 ap that promotes exchange of an acyl with an alkyl group, generating the characteristic ether bond.
134 hydroxy-s-triazines, and those with linear N-alkyl groups had higher k(cat) values than those with br
135 l ketones, ArC(O)R, with a diverse number of alkyl groups have been achieved with an isolated carbony
137 dly, flips O6-alkylG residues, transfers the alkyl group in a chemical step that is rate-limiting in
139 migrate less effectively than other types of alkyl group in such reactions and that O-migration compe
140 han the hydrophobic interactions between the alkyl group in the thioether tail and surrounding protei
142 what are generally considered to be "remote" alkyl groups in -CbetaH=CalphaHS(O)n-alkyl systems and -
144 e-tree columns that allow interdigitation of alkyl groups in adjacent columns regardless of their dir
145 aldehyde acetals with secondary and tertiary alkyl groups in contrast to specific hydrogen catalysis
146 ted pyridyl moieties in position 4 and small alkyl groups in position 2 provided the best profiles.
147 alkyl zincates and show the relevance of the alkyl groups in the efficiency of TMP-dialkyl zincate ba
148 polarizability substituent constants of the alkyl groups in the form of a linear free energy relatio
150 s can be modulated by both the length of the alkyl groups in the tetraalkylammonium cations and the s
151 Molecular modeling clearly shows that the alkyl groups in these Michael acceptors shield the beta-
152 rs does not suffer from isomerization of the alkyl group, in contrast with the umpolung strategy for
154 over 50% of the top-selling drugs contain N-alkyl groups, in which it is very challenging to selecti
155 ield and the polarizability constants of the alkyl groups increases the value of DeltaE(H)(double dag
156 occur with retention of configuration at the alkyl group, indicating that these reductive elimination
157 of the rotational isomers for the less bulky alkyl groups, indicating that the observed preference is
160 n of imide and amide bonds with a long-chain alkyl group is an attractive feature of this protocol.
161 Surprisingly, when the terminal end of the alkyl group is completely fluorinated, the balance tips
163 athway, repulsion between the ligand and the alkyl group is minimized (by virtue of it being 1 degree
164 2.0-7.4) and rabbit serum; furthermore, the alkyl group is possibly tuned to attain the desired phar
165 lsulfonyl-2'-biphenyl radicals, in which the alkyl group is primary, secondary, or tertiary, were gen
167 der for N-alkyl aza-18-crown-6, in which the alkyl group is varied systematically from ethyl to n-dod
168 detailed structure of the attachment of the alkyl groups is not known, and it is proposed that it in
169 helicene inner rim and multiple solubilizing alkyl groups, is an attractive building block for long [
170 creased, the increased steric demands of the alkyl groups lead to liquidlike, disorganized alkyl laye
171 n of the R-group attached to the imide, with alkyl groups leading to low-spin diamagnetic (S=0) compl
173 ility that, under appropriate circumstances, alkyl groups may undergo transfer from alkyl sulfate mon
174 e chain, combined with the presence of small alkyl groups (methyl or ethyl), bromine, or aryl moietie
175 ons and experimental evidence show that tert-alkyl groups migrate less effectively than other types o
176 g 3-alkoxy-2-halocyclohex-2-enones via a 1,4 alkyl group migration shown to be concerted and intramol
178 de both the addition step and the subsequent alkyl group migration step included ketones, acetone, t-
179 lex which breaks down in a rate-limiting 1,2-alkyl group migration with concomitant expulsion of a mo
181 e C-F bond to the OBF2 group and hydrogen or alkyl group migration, as first demonstrated in this wor
182 atures (solvent effects, concurrent hydrogen/alkyl group migration, carbocation substitution, benzyli
184 ene depends strongly on the structure of the alkyl group: n-alkyl approximately gamma-substituted >>
185 L1 was able to catalyze removal of different alkyl groups not only from N(6)-substituted purine or 2-
186 (wherein R could be methyl, ethyl, aryl, or alkyl group) obtained from synthetic procedures, and a s
187 lly slow migration of the beta-disubstituted alkyl group of 6 and not to differences in the equilibri
190 kylated species, arising by migration of the alkyl group of the N-alkyl moiety to the adjacent ring c
192 the halogenase SyrB2 that positioning of the alkyl group of the substrate away from the oxo/hydroxo l
193 t is suggested that the rearrangement of the alkyl group of thebaine is favored due to the formation
194 alpha-methylene carbon of 2-nitrobenzyl with alkyl groups of increasing size was discovered as a key
195 tution of the oxatriquinane ring system with alkyl groups of increasing steric demand pushes the C-O
198 enter that can be incorporated either in the alkyl groups of the dendron or in the triphenylene part
200 imization of steric interactions between the alkyl groups of the diol on boron and the chiral phospho
202 ity relationship study revealed that a small alkyl group on the alpha-position of the ether was requi
204 ion is slightly cationic with respect to the alkyl group on the Pt(111) surface, RC + H <--> {RC(delt
206 The stabilizing and destabilizing effects of alkyl groups on an aromatic stacking interaction were ex
207 onstrates that, while the steric effect of o-alkyl groups on aryl substituents is highly localized to
209 e strands by 29.5 to 37.4 kcal/mol; (2) that alkyl groups on the amino acid side chains favor helix f
211 urther, we have correlated the effect of the alkyl groups on the structural order and orientation of
212 ibuted to nonbonded interactions between the alkyl groups on the substrates and the aryl groups of th
213 a larger cross-linking strategy, we appended alkyl groups onto the N2' position of 2'-amino-modified
215 hydroxyethyl-guanine but does not remove the alkyl group or base and does not cleave the oligonucleot
216 using compounds bearing pyrenemethyl esters, alkyl groups, or a single pyrene substituent (3-6).
217 At higher concentrations, with longer N-alkyl groups, or in selected solvents, electronic excita
220 ve differently, leading to detachment of the alkyl groups over the temperature range 180-500 degrees
221 s suggest that the highly electron-releasing alkyl group partially localizes the charge distribution
224 ger), which are dependent on the size of the alkyl group (polarizability) and the degree of fluorinat
226 y is ascribed to an inhibitory effect of the alkyl group projecting into the minor groove of double-s
227 lectivity of the reactions was high when the alkyl group R(2) was tertiary (tert-butyl), irrespective
229 d in one thiolate, transfer of the resulting alkyl group (R') to another thiolate, and subsequent eli
231 a weaker, less specific interaction involves alkyl groups reaching into the broad prime-side protein
232 lts explain the overall patterns of rates of alkyl group removal versus AGT concentration and the eff
233 the benzo ring C, as well as H, methoxy, and alkyl groups replacing the hydroxyl group were synthesiz
234 F pretreatment was detected in soils where O-alkyl groups represented the major fraction of the soil
235 cs via attachment of a steroid or long chain alkyl group resulted in compounds with significantly imp
237 more, the possibility of a [1,5] sigmatropic alkyl group shift of bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene system
238 iradical-mediated stepwise [1,5] sigmatropic alkyl group shift were shown to be comparable with the r
239 ese lesions is influenced by the size of the alkyl groups situated on the O (6) position of the guani
240 s were prepared to examine the effect of the alkyl group size, sulfur oxidation state, and phenyl rin
245 y was gained by replacing the ribose with an alkyl group that formed van der Waals interactions with
246 to an aromatic ring, a benzylic group, or an alkyl group that possesses a tertiary or quaternary carb
248 e work is isonitriles bearing perfluorinated alkyl groups that enable the ready separation of such re
250 hium surface is dependent on the size of the alkyl group, the smaller the alkyl group the greater the
252 Owing to the strong hydrophobicity of the alkyl groups, the resultant COFs show high crystallinity
254 t dioxygenase superfamily, which removes the alkyl group through oxidation eliminating a methyl group
256 alkyltransferases (MGMT) by transfer of the alkyl group to a cysteine residue in the active site.
257 ises from nucleophilic displacement at the O-alkyl group to afford the terminally functionalized N-su
258 ering from the circulation is removal of the alkyl group to generate an intermediate that can subsequ
259 he role of the dialkylzinc is not to add the alkyl group to the carbonyl but rather to transfer the a
261 nism involves transfer of hydrogen from an N-alkyl group to the keto oxygen to produce zwitterionic i
262 nism involves transfer of hydrogen from an N-alkyl group to the keto oxygen to produce zwitterionic i
264 nsformations, including addition of aryl and alkyl groups to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and hydro
265 -1-ol (5), a Z-selective cuprate addition of alkyl groups to an alpha,beta-alkynyl ester intermediate
266 ine activators in the asymmetric addition of alkyl groups to benzaldehyde, we have observed enantiome
268 the surface, results in hydrogenation of the alkyl groups to form alkanes, which then desorb into the
269 elopment of catalysts for dehydrogenation of alkyl groups to give the corresponding olefins could ope
270 challenge because of the propensity of these alkyl groups to isomerize under the reaction conditions.
271 mmetric addition of alkyl and functionalized alkyl groups to ketones under highly concentrated and so
272 cleophilic addition of propargylic and other alkyl groups to ketones, using easily accessible (poly)u
273 NA equilibrium binding molecules to transfer alkyl groups to specific positions on DNA is an approach
274 relationship studies revealed that attaching alkyl groups to the cyclohexyl ring significantly improv
276 on, formally a 1,5 hydrogen shift from the N-alkyl groups to the vinyl position of a gold-coordinated
277 enabling technology for the mild transfer of alkyl groups to transition metal catalysts in cross-coup
278 rve as a competent replacement for Zn(II) in alkyl group transfer enzymes, turnover may be limited by
281 e studied, and CH-insertion into an adjacent alkyl group was found to be the dominant or exclusive pa
283 bstituted glycoluril subunits with different alkyl groups were designed, synthesized, and fully chara
284 tions of the small meta-alkyl and large para-alkyl groups were due to their similar distances and van
285 ms with different numbers of methyl and long alkyl groups were examined as positively charged heparin
286 trapeptides that possessed greater than nine alkyl groups were superior to alpha-MSH in terms of the
287 Balances with deuterated and non-deuterated alkyl groups were synthesized, and their intramolecular
288 ly, at the farther para-position, the larger alkyl groups were systematically more stabilizing with t
289 and tBu) and position (meta and para) of the alkyl groups were varied in a molecular balance model sy
291 t (as well as an aldehyde derived from the O-alkyl group), whereas O-tert-butyl acetophenone oxime (4
292 r ion group can be prepared from halogenated alkyl groups which are also employed for the mass balanc
293 bonyl oxides with the syn-positioned methyl (alkyl) group, which is more favorable than isomerization
294 omain and show that the interaction of the N-alkyl group with a hydrophobic cage of the binding site
295 ing the H-transfer steps during reactions of alkyl groups with CO* to form longer-chain alkylidynes a
296 at the lipophilicities of perfluoroalkyl and alkyl groups with the same length are nearly identical a
297 e insensitive to the replacement of terminal alkyl groups with the terminal polar groups in this set.
299 ions, those forming a C-N bond at a tertiary alkyl group would be particularly valuable, because this