ライフサイエンスコーパス: amoebae

1 uding the largest known viruses, multiply in amoebae.

2 r producing resistance to grazing by certain amoebae.

3 ect in macrophages but was without effect in amoebae.

4 pression in phagocytic than in nonphagocytic amoebae.

5 multicellular stage and in spores but not in amoebae.

6 ed virions accumulated within the nucleus of amoebae.

7 d O-antigen expression and susceptibility to amoebae.

8 the SibA adhesion molecule in Dictyostelium amoebae.

9 tion of single regions reduced growth within amoebae.

10 AE is the formation of granulomas around the amoebae.

11 required for maximal intracellular growth in amoebae.

12 ts exhibited intracellular multiplication in amoebae.

13 ater bacterium and intracellular parasite of amoebae.

14 ted and unphosphorylated actin colocalize in amoebae.

15 stained the plasma membrane of D. discoideum amoebae.

16 le intracellular pathogen of macrophages and amoebae.

17 o potential pathogens, including free-living amoebae.

18 rs that either induce encystment or kill the amoebae.

19 F. tularensis is also able to survive within amoebae.

20 H. capsulatum conidia were also cytotoxic to amoebae.

21 r chromosomes before mitosis of the emergent amoebae.

22 pneumophila evolved as a parasite of aquatic amoebae.

23 acrophages and Hartmannella and Acanthamoeba amoebae.

24 hamoeba castellanii, which leads to death of amoebae.

25 ion protected these cells against killing by amoebae.

26 onella pneumophila to grow in coculture with amoebae.

27 an virulence also promote fungal survival in amoebae.

28 permissively gated, mixed GFP(+) and GFP(-)) amoebae.

29 ms the developmental totipotency of prespore amoebae.

30 er numbers in its intravacuolar niche within amoebae.

31 chloroplasts of algae and in mitochondria of amoebae.

32 asses), which did not cross-react with other amoebae.

33 ntracellularly in both human macrophages and amoebae.

34 terpretation that VSM are arcellinid testate amoebae.

35 to cell growth to ensure survival of emerged amoebae.

36 end-mediated DNA insertion in Dictyostelium amoebae.

37 juxtaposed to the bacterial surfaces within amoebae.

38 t aquaporin allowed rapid water entry in the amoebae.

39 phoglycosylated protein in bacterially grown amoebae.

40 culum of L. pneumophila cells and uninfected amoebae.

41 east, and developmental morphology of social amoebae.

42 fector repertoire tailoring within different amoebae.

43 nts of GFP-expressing bacteria in individual amoebae.

44 [Rozellomycota], an intranuclear parasite of amoebae.

45 /manganese uptake, and bacterial survival in amoebae.

46 ents by growing in a wide variety of aquatic amoebae.

47 ivity is critical for promoting infection of amoebae.

48 acuolar proliferation within macrophages and amoebae.

49 macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.

50 ens that share the same ecological niches as amoebae.

51 cterium marinum strains which failed to lyse amoebae.

52 es, cellulose delta(13)C, and fossil testate amoebae.

53 Of the isolated amoebae, 31 were Acanthamoeba spp., 21 were Hartmannella

54 of host cells, including macrophages and the amoebae Acanthamoeba castellanii and Hartmannella vermif

55 The soil amoebae Acanthamoeba causes Acanthamoeba keratitis, a se

56 Infection in murine macrophages, amoebae (Acanthamoeba castellanii), nematodes (Caenorhab

57 he mce cluster resulted in virulence towards amoebae (Acanthamoeba polyphaga) and reduced colonizatio

58 When amoebae aggregate they do not perfectly discriminate aga

59 Nutrient-deprived Dictyostelium amoebae aggregate to form a multicellular structure by c

60 achieve the multicellular stage, individual amoebae aggregate upon starvation to form a fruiting bod

61 llular stage in which not necessarily clonal amoebae aggregate upon starvation to form a possibly chi

62 g mainly in macrophages, with replication in amoebae also having been reported.

63 tants, blocked for growth in macrophages and amoebae, also did not grow in D. discoideum.

64 ities, including a high abundance of testate amoebae and a high diversity of endemic OTUs within the

65 Amoebae and bacteria interact within predator-prey and h

66 Legionella pneumophila colonizes freshwater amoebae and can also replicate within alveolar macrophag

67 al selection in environmental hosts, such as amoebae and free-living nematodes.

68 s of infectious agents, including pathogenic amoebae and fungi.

69 equired for L. pneumophila infection of both amoebae and human macrophages.

70 in the cytoplasm of nonmotile Dictyostelium amoebae and human neutrophils, concentrates with F-actin

71 ithin iron-depleted Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae and human U937 cell macrophages.

72 nella pneumophila is a bacterial pathogen of amoebae and humans.

73 lular proliferation, but is limiting in both amoebae and humans.

74 Virulent P. aeruginosa strains kill these amoebae and leave an intact bacterial lawn.

75 nst severin isolated from both Dictyostelium amoebae and Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

76 n the laboratory in a variety of fresh-water amoebae and macrophage-like cell lines.

77 Legionella pneumophila replicates within amoebae and macrophages and causes the severe pneumonia

78 lla genomes, in entry of L. pneumophila into amoebae and macrophages and in host-specific intracellul

79 intracellular bacterium that resides within amoebae and macrophages in a specialized compartment ter

80 Entry of the deletion mutant into amoebae and macrophages was decreased by >70%.

81 Histoplasma capsulatum were each ingested by amoebae and macrophages, and phagocytosis of yeast cells

82 tic reduction in intracellular growth within amoebae and macrophages, two phenotypes that are not exh

83 By comparing genes that promote growth in amoebae and macrophages, we show that adaptation of L. p

84 on and a replicative cell type that grows in amoebae and macrophages.

85 cation when stationary-phase bacteria infect amoebae and macrophages.

86 host cells for Legionnaires' disease, i.e., amoebae and macrophages.

87 mechanism within D. discoideum as it does in amoebae and macrophages.

88 hin a Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV) of amoebae and macrophages.

89 ty of V. cholerae cells toward Dictyostelium amoebae and mammalian J774 macrophages by a contact-depe

90 In Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and mammalian leukocytes, the receptors and G-pr

91 markably similar in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and mammalian leukocytes.

92 tative intracellular pathogen of free-living amoebae and mammalian phagocytes.

93 ers of magnitude in Acanthamoeba castellanii amoebae and nearly 2 orders of magnitude in J774 mouse m

94 Experiments in amoebae and neutrophils have shown that local accumulati

95 We find that amoebae and neutrophils, cells traditionally used to stu

96 tion pathways underlying gradient sensing in amoebae and neutrophils.

97 egionella pneumophila, a parasite of aquatic amoebae and pathogen of pulmonary macrophages, replicate

98 tion against environmental predators such as amoebae and provide an explanation for the broad host ra

99 thods for long-term storage of Dictyostelium amoebae and spores.

100 predators such as free-living nematodes and amoebae and suggest that C. elegans can be used as a sim

101 lity to grow within Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae and the human macrophage-like U937 cells.

102 organisms were prepared by coculture of the amoebae and virulent L. pneumophila cells in vitro.

103 wth of Legionella in both its natural hosts (amoebae) and in mouse macrophages(4,5).

104 ion and characterization of giant viruses of amoebae, and a particular focus on their role in humans

105 Francisella tularensis can persist in water, amoebae, and arthropods, as well as within mammalian mac

106 Motile cells such as bacteria, amoebae, and fibroblasts display a continual level of en

107 in homologous proteins in other green algae, amoebae, and pathogenic fungi.

108 licated as the wild type did in macrophages, amoebae, and the lungs of mice.

109 is apparent innate immune function in social amoebae, and the use of TirA for bacterial feeding, sugg

110 of the transcriptional response of wild-type amoebae, and this allowed their classification into pote

111 When expressed in D. discoideum amoebae, AqpB-GFP fusion constructs localized to vacuola

112 Like dendritic cells, Dictyostelium amoebae are active in macropinocytosis, and various prot

113 Giant viruses of amoebae are complex microorganisms.

114 Since environmental amoebae are implicated as reservoirs for an increasing n

115 lts demonstrate that L. pneumophila-infected amoebae are infectious particles in replicative L. pneum

116 r proteins which are important for growth in amoebae are likely secreted by this pathway.

117 When farmer and non-farmer amoebae are mixed together at various frequencies and al

118 Free-living amoebae are protozoa ubiquitously found in water systems

119 at about 2 h, and then rapidly declining as amoebae are released from spores.

120 Testate amoebae are representative heterotrophs in peatlands [16

121 strong suspicion that mycobacteria could use amoebae as a vehicle for protection and even replication

122 These data identify amoebae as potential environmental reservoirs as well as

123 n the surprisingly rapidly changing shape of amoebae as they swim and earlier theoretical schemes for

124 Uniform exposure of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae as well as mammalian leukocytes to chemoattracta

125 to "climb up." The "apparent weight" of the amoebae at stalling rpm in myosin mutants depended on th

126 showed that, after attaching to host cells, amoebae bite off and ingest distinct host cell fragments

127 Giant viruses of amoebae bring upheaval to the definition of viruses and

128 exclusively as an intracellular parasite of amoebae, but it also persists in the environment as a fr

129 es naturally in fresh water as a parasite of amoebae, but it can also replicate within alveolar macro

130 in of Cn did not survive when incubated with amoebae, but melanization protected these cells against

131 eruginosa was investigated in 43 isolates of amoebae by multiplex PCR.

132 I hypothesise that amoebae can escape the ravages of accumulated mutation b

133 Soil-dwelling social amoebae can help us answer questions about the natural e

134 r in a population of randomly mutated social amoebae can select for cheater-resistance.

135 Growing amoebae carrying the construct accumulated the protein p

136 Free-living amoebae cause three well-defined disease entities: a rap

137 Gel-shift analysis of undifferentiated amoebae cell extract revealed a protein migrating at 0.4

138 AMP-induced aggregation, although individual amoebae chemotax normally.

139 Upon starvation, individual Dictyostelium amoebae chemotax toward aggregation centers in tightly p

140 e mutant had a decreased replication rate in amoebae compared with isogenic strains.

141 ila-infected H. vermiformis organisms (10(6) amoebae containing 10(5) bacteria), and intrapulmonary g

142 Our data imply that although amoebae could function as a training ground for intracel

143 impaired 20-fold in Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae cultured in the presence of an iron chelator.

144 Although AH induced encystment of the amoebae, cysts remained viable.

145 la genes required for growth in four diverse amoebae, defining universal virulence factors commonly r

146 The emerged amoebae dehydrate due to the high osmolarity within the

147 In contrast, LamA-mediated glycogenolysis in amoebae deprives the natural host from the main building

148 During invasive infection, highly motile amoebae destroy the colonic epithelium, enter the blood

149 After cell killing, amoebae detach and cease ingestion.

150 Free-living cells of the social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum can aggregate and devel

151 The social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum cooperate by forming mu

152 n is the formation of the slug in the social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum.

153 ates mTORC2 in AKT phosphorylation in social amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum) cells.

154 Mutant amoebae display reduced survival during nitrogen starvat

155 shape and movement in starved Dictyostelium amoebae during migration toward a chemoattractant in a m

156 While some amoebae reproduce sexually, many amoebae (e.g., Acanthamoeba, Naegleria) reproduce asexua

157 the bacteria form lawns on these plates with amoebae embedded in them.

158 Starving Dictyostelium amoebae emit pulses of the chemoattractant cAMP that are

159 We found that growth of M. avium in amoebae enhances both entry and intracellular replicatio

160 The present results show that amoebae exposed to C. xerosis produce increased amounts

161 orescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) upon amoebae expressing a mutated green fluorescent protein g

162 After aggregation of social amoebae, extracellular cAMP binding to surface receptors

163 Social amoebae feed on bacteria in the soil but aggregate when

164 Wildtype Dictyostelium amoebae feed on bacteria, but for decades laboratory wor

165 Amoebae feed on these bacteria and form plaques in their

166 ic cells, including Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, fibroblasts, and neutrophils, are able to respo

167 ntified putative TPS genes in six species of amoebae, five of which are multicellular social amoebae

168 Free-living amoebae (FLA) are ubiquitous protozoa in aquatic/soil ha

169 nd interaction of Legionella and free-living amoebae (FLA) due to biofilm formation, elevated tempera

170 The occurrence of free-living amoebae (FLA) was investigated in 83 water samples from

171 We hypothesized that Free-living amoebae (FLA), as ubiquitous inhabitants of soil and wat

172 AK were sampled and cultured for free-living amoebae (FLA).

173 phic protists, including ciliates, Rhizaria (amoebae, foraminifera, radiolaria) and flagellate taxa.

174 eum there is a stage in which the aggregated amoebae form a migrating slug that moves forward in a po

175 Acanthamoebae are free-living amoebae found in the environment, including soil, freshw

176 lated in endogenous myosin isolated from the amoebae: four serines in the nonhelical tailpiece and Se

177 s phagocytosis, phagocytic and nonphagocytic amoebae from a single culture were purified.

178 All treated and untreated groups of amoebae from the 2 strains exhibited growth (radii of 14

179 ebae, five of which are multicellular social amoebae from the order of Dictyosteliida.

180 for months, through multiple life cycles of amoebae grown on the lawns of other bacteria, thus demon

181 n vitro-grown bacteria, macrophage-grown and amoebae-grown AA200 and AA224 showed an equal and dramat

182 L. pneumophila employs T2S for infection of amoebae, growth within lung cells, dampening of cytokine

183 macrophages and 32% of infected A. polyphaga amoebae harbor cytoplasmic bacteria.

184 In addition, the use of ST4P with cultured amoebae has indicated the potential of oligonucleotide p

185 Therefore, LamA of L. pneumophila is an amoebae host-adapted effector that subverts encystation

186 Thus, amoebae-imposed selection is a double-edged sword, havin

187 interact with macrophages, slime molds, and amoebae in a similar manner, suggesting that fungal path

188 These results highlight the importance of amoebae in natural waters as reservoirs of potential pat

189 h the chemotactic aggregation of up to 10(6) amoebae in response to propagating cAMP waves.

190 to the AC of hamster eyes, and the number of amoebae in the AC was determined by histopathology 1 to

191 ween genotypes) for the life cycle of social amoebae in which we theoretically explore multiple non-s

192 uring growth within Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, indicating that the requirement for SdhA shows

193 r T3SS-dependent cytotoxicity towards social amoebae, insect cells, and erythrocytes.

194 ets of genes whose expression is enriched in amoebae interacting with different species of bacteria,

195 eria, including sets that appear specific to amoebae interacting with Gram(+) or with Gram(-) bacteri

196 , characterized by precocious aggregation of amoebae into multicellular aggregates.

197 Injection of amoebae into the AC induced a robust neutrophil infiltra

198 racellular defect of the peptidase mutant in amoebae is explained by the loss of type II secretion.

199 Direct killing of host cells by the amoebae is likely to be the driving factor that underlie

200 emonstrate that L. pneumophila virulence for amoebae is required for maximal intrapulmonary growth of

201 Here we report the discovery that amoebae kill by ingesting distinct pieces of living huma

202 ere it was uncovered as a mechanism by which amoebae kill cells.

203 Microscopy, fungal and amoebae killing assays, and phagocytosis assays revealed

204 Inside amoebae, L. pneumophila was detected in 13.9% (6/43) of

205 all other known eukaryotic cells, Naegleria amoebae lack interphase microtubules; this suggests that

206 ical for Legionella pneumophila infection of amoebae, macrophages, and mice.

207 sults are consistent with the view that soil amoebae may contribute to the selection and maintenance

208 vision of a single cell, genetically diverse amoebae may enter an aggregate and, if one lineage has a

209 rmis and support the hypothesis that inhaled amoebae may potentiate intrapulmonary growth of L. pneum

210 can efficiently infect mice, indicating that amoebae may represent an environmental vector within whi

211 Further exploration of social amoebae microbiomes may help us understand the roles of

212 Amoebae microbiomes were distinct from the microbiomes o

213 pply and reached mean densities of 2.5 log10 amoebae.mL(-1) in garden hose water.

214 llanii and Hartmannella vermiformis, the two amoebae most commonly linked to cases of disease.

215 dominant mixotrophs, the mixotrophic testate amoebae (MTA).

216 ed effector that subverts encystation of the amoebae natural host, and the paradoxical hMDMs' pro-inf

217 equivalent survival rates when cultured with amoebae, nematodes, and macrophages.

218 When confronted with starvation, the amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum initiate a developme

219 microscope, acceleration was increased until amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum were "stalled" or no

220 Free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba can cause severe and c

221 Enteric amoebae of the genus Entamoeba travel from host to host

222 e types and by its failure to hybridize with amoebae of two other genera (Hartmannella vermiformis an

223 nwhile, the inactivation and infectivity (to amoebae) of the released L. pneumophila were studied.

224 enetic screen utilizing the growth of mutant amoebae on a variety of bacteria as a phenotypic readout

225 hin phagocytes and transmission between host amoebae or macrophages.

226 y noxious substances to other cells, such as amoebae or phagocytes.

227 aquatic environments, but replicates within amoebae or the alveolar macrophages of immunocompromised

228 Because Msp is not required for growth in amoebae, other proteins which are important for growth i

229 The amoebae penetrated Descemet's membrane within 24 hours o

230 mouse) and uninfected H. vermiformis (10[6] amoebae per mouse).

231 ries of dilutions and determining the MPN of amoebae present from statistical tables.

232 Chemotaxing neutrophils and Dictyostelium amoebae produce in their plasma membranes the signaling

233 We cultured, on Acanthamoeba polyphaga amoebae, pulmonary samples from 196 Tunisian patients wi

234 In this manner these amoebae reap the benefits of an asexual reproductive exi

235 hin the sorus, and by 72 h 4% or less of the amoebae remain as spores, while most cells are now nonvi

236 in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.

237 Dictyostelium amoebae represent an intriguing synthetic biological cha

238 d not associate with the other naked, lobose amoebae represented by Acanthamoeba and Hartmannella, in

239 While some amoebae reproduce sexually, many amoebae (e.g., Acantham

240 24 h, 99 and 78% of infected macrophages and amoebae, respectively, contain cytoplasmic bacteria.

241 opmental transitions for solitary and social amoebae, respectively.

242 cterial proteins that promote replication in amoebae restrict growth in macrophages.

243 h fungal species, exposure of yeast cells to amoebae resulted in an increase in hyphal cells.

244 Genome sequences of social amoebae reveal the presence of terpene cyclases (TCs) in

245 of Dictylostelium discoideum occurs when the amoebae run out of their bacterial prey and aggregate in

246 art of the most represented genera composing amoebae's microbiome.

247 Alpha-diversity was unsurprisingly lower in amoebae samples compared with soil, but beta-diversity b

248 mpared with soil, but beta-diversity between amoebae samples was higher than between soil samples.

249 As predators of bacteria, amoebae select for traits that allow bacteria to become

250 predicted from a new phylogeny of arcellinid amoebae show a striking resemblance to microscopic fossi

251 Dictyostelium amoebae show striking electrotaxis in an applied direct

252 Shelled (testate) amoebae stand out as an exception with rich documented d

253 amoebae to secrete cAMP, toward which other amoebae stream, forming multicellular mounds that differ

254 Pathogenic free-living amoebae, such as Acanthamoeba species, Balamuthia mandri

255 Free-living amoebae, such as Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp., a

256 omplex for pointed ends and its abundance in amoebae suggest that in vivo all actin filament pointed

257 bent under centrifugal force in all stalled amoebae, suggesting that this pseudopod is very dense in

258 that Dictyostelium as well as the other soil amoebae that synthesize cycloartenol evolved from algal

259 xillins I and II in the cortex of vegetative amoebae, the leading edge of motile cells, and the cleav

260 Legionella pneumophila has co-evolved with amoebae, their natural hosts.

261 alysis of Entamoeba extracts showed that the amoebae themselves contain catecholamines and at least o

262 Sex determination in the social amoebae thus appears to use regulators that are unrelate

263 Application of amoebae to a library of mutants of S. elongatus led to t

264 lium transitions from a group of unicellular amoebae to an integrated multicellular organism.

265 nding protein (MBP) mediates adhesion of the amoebae to corneal epithelial cells, a key first step in

266 ) is a polyketide that induces Dictyostelium amoebae to differentiate as prestalk cells.

267 g body and the constituent cells change from amoebae to either refractile spores or vacuolated stalk

268 s on the ocular surface, which stimulate the amoebae to elaborate a 133-kDa pathogenic protease.

269 for some S cell functions and for vegetative amoebae to feed on live bacteria.

270 In Dictyostelium, starvation induces amoebae to form migratory slugs that translocate from su

271 otor behaviour of all living organisms, from amoebae to humans.

272 ting a vast diversity of hosts, ranging from amoebae to humans.

273 n widely expressed in organisms ranging from amoebae to mammals that has been shown to play vital rol

274 The binding of amoebae to mannose-GPs was blocked by free methyl-alpha-

275 Subsequent steps in pathogenesis require the amoebae to penetrate and degrade collagen.

276 the cytosol of human macrophage (hMDMs) and amoebae to rapidly degrade glycogen to generate cytosoli

277 Starvation induces Dictyostelium amoebae to secrete cAMP, toward which other amoebae stre

278 We used remains from plants and testate amoebae to study historical changes in peatland biologic

279 macrophage-like U937 cells and Hartmannella amoebae to the same degree as did wild-type legionellae,

280 ability of prespore Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae to undergo redifferentiation so as to reestablis

281 e decreased abundance of mixotrophic testate amoebae under drier conditions (R(2) = .4207; p < .001).

282 rain to be 40- to 80-fold more infective for amoebae, unequivocally demonstrating that Cas2 facilitat

283 izontally transmitted chlamydiae residing in amoebae was a result of processes occurring at the infec

284 Inhibition of amoebapore gene expression in amoebae was obtained following transfection with a hybri

285 plasma membrane of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, was postulated previously to play a role in pha

286 vering protein from Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, we have identified a mammalian form of severin

287 e demonstrate that major lineages of testate amoebae were already diversified before the Sturtian gla

288 The most common associates of amoebae were classified to order Chlamydiales and genus

289 Giant viruses of amoebae were discovered serendipitously in 2003; they ar

290 Subsequently, these 13C-prelabeled amoebae were infected with L. pneumophila wild type or s

291 es for Cn after ingestion by macrophages and amoebae were similar.

292 ng point more than 5 mm, indicating that the amoebae were viable.

293 lustrate the potential for other free-living amoebae, which are not normally associated with human di

294 seminated by horizontal gene transfer within amoebae, which are permissive hosts for either intracell

295 environment, M. marinum also interacts with amoebae, which may serve as a natural reservoir for this

296 e well-studied Dictyostelium discoideum, are amoebae whose life cycle includes both a single-cellular

297 conditioned media obtained after incubating amoebae with the host cells.

298 is important for the general fitness of the amoebae with the mutant strain displaying a substantial

299 a survives and replicates in macrophages and amoebae within a specialized phagosome that does not fus

300 amoeba species are among the most ubiquitous amoebae, yet Acanthamoeba keratitis is remarkably rare.