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1 es) and Lophotrochozoa (including snails and annelids).
2  fusiformis, an early-branching, conditional annelid.
3 ed larvae of Platynereis dumerilii, a marine annelid.
4  intermediate ventral ganglionic mass in the annelid.
5 in of larval Platynereis dumerilii, a marine annelid.
6 he leech Helobdella sp. Austin, a clitellate annelid.
7 tally even among the monophyletic clitellate annelids.
8 ied with barnacles, echinoderms, molluscs or annelids.
9 y bear no homology to the metatroch found in annelids.
10 cepted to support a direct relationship with annelids.
11 rise to the segmental ectoderm of clitellate annelids.
12 cts after their phyletic separation from the annelids.
13 d in all vertebrates and many arthropods and annelids.
14 hordate neurulation and elongation stages of annelids.
15  or head or tail amputation in amphioxus and annelids.
16 zyme complements are largely conserved among annelids.
17 ecovered as the most basal of the stem-group annelids.
18 hared with molluscs, but not with autonomous annelids.
19 during the life cycles of this and two other annelids.
20 s the most abundant sterol in gutless marine annelids.
21 organization observed in several macroscopic annelids.
22  via teloblastic divisions, as in clitellate annelids.
23 erved nature of mitochondrial genomes within annelids.
24 oes closely resemble the armature of certain annelids.
25 most recent common ancestor of chordates and annelids.
26 gical and morphological diversity in ancient annelids.
27 e taxonomic interpretations, including among annelids [1, 3], lophophorates [4], and pentastomids [5]
28 ies have been lost three times among naidine annelids, a group of small aquatic worms that typically
29 Upper Tremadoc of Morocco, demonstrating the annelid affinity of the group.
30 ts as the organizer of the embryonic axes in annelids, although this has never been demonstrated dire
31 ique multifunctional enzyme, from the marine annelid Amphitrite ornata dehalogenates 2,4,6-tribromoph
32              Dehaloperoxidase (DHP) from the annelid Amphitrite ornata is a catalytically active hemo
33  (spinose and dentate) suggest that in a pre-annelid an earlier and more complete scleritome may have
34 vertebrate, ascidian, hemichordate, mollusc, annelid and arthropod, but not in RNAs from several cnid
35  position of introns in 30 genes of a marine annelid and showed that over 60% of the introns occupy p
36 However, unlike the case found in polychaete annelid and soil nematode embryos, there is no evidence
37               Opinion is divided between the annelid and the enteropneust scenarios, predicting, resp
38 d independently into several neuron types in annelid and vertebrate descendants.
39  molecular and mechanistic parallels between annelid and vertebrate regeneration.
40 her with previous studies on regeneration in annelids and amphibians, these results suggest a conserv
41 pmental and morphological diversification in annelids and animals.
42                                   Polychaete annelids and arthropods are both segmented protostome in
43  are interested in understanding whether the annelids and arthropods shared a common segmented ancest
44 ith distinct origins of segmentation between annelids and arthropods.
45 e impressions of chaetal microvilli found in annelids and brachiopods.
46 erative abilities (i.e. placozoans, sponges, annelids and bryozoans) are susceptible to intron integr
47 sive plants reducing the abundance of native annelids and chordates, but not mollusks or arthropods.
48                               In arthropods, annelids and chordates, segmentation of the body axis en
49 y in evolution several times in vertebrates, annelids and crustacea.
50                     For instance, freshwater annelids and gastropods responded markedly to imidaclopr
51  scales has prompted comparison with various annelids and molluscs, and has been used as a template t
52 recent cooption and, since the divergence of annelids and molluscs, there has been a shift in onset o
53 ization in zebrafish, and in adult stages of annelids and molluscs.
54  layer of the gut in chordates, echinoderms, annelids and molluscs.
55 ic position, close to the common ancestor of annelids and molluscs.
56 s in a approximately 2:1 mass ratio found in annelids and related species.
57 ganisms from distinct taxa (a crustacean, an annelid, and a gastropod) during pulse exposures to four
58  an inarticulate brachiopod, a phoronid, two annelids, and a platyhelminth.
59   Both "protostome" animals (e.g., mollusks, annelids, and arthropods) and "deuterostomes" (e.g., ech
60 from existing data for arthropods, mollusks, annelids, and chordates (77 species total) and found sig
61 , brachyuran decapod crustaceans, polychaete annelids, and macroalgae.
62  and estimated that protostomes (arthropods, annelids, and mollusks) diverged from deuterostomes (ech
63  other lophotrochozoans, including molluscs, annelids, and nemerteans, supporting a grouping of the t
64 ngia is possibly related to panarthropods or annelids, and sheds light on the origin of segmentation
65                  For example, arthropods and annelids are no longer placed together, but are now cons
66                                     Cambrian annelids are strikingly diverse and reveal important det
67 e nervous system in embryos of chordates and annelids are surprisingly similar.
68 te Antp and Ubx/abdA precursors prior to the annelid/arthropod divergence.
69 y inverting the body of an ancestor with the annelid/arthropod orientation.
70 ms, demonstrated for the metameric brains of annelids, arthropods, and chordates and the asegmental c
71 e screen 247 animal genomes from four phyla (annelids, arthropods, mollusks, chordates), spanning 19
72 ut establishing direct links with such basal annelids as Ipoliknus at present must remain conjectural
73 olution of the trochozoans (encompassing the annelids as well as such groups as the brachiopods and m
74  Hox cluster genes are most similar to known annelid, brachiopod, and nemertean Hox gene homeodomain
75 ) have been assigned variously to stem-group annelids, brachiopods, stem-group molluscs or stem-group
76 nelida(1)) are the sister group of all other annelids but contrast with Cambrian taxa in both lifesty
77 mbryological and morphological features with annelids, but each group also has been considered as a s
78 data reveal the cell type diversity of adult annelids by single cell transcriptomics and suggest that
79 rors the former hypothesis that interstitial annelids, called archiannelids, were at the base of the
80                                         Many annelids can regenerate missing body parts or reproduce
81 larval and juvenile stages of the polychaete annelid Capitella sp. I and en in a second polychaete, H
82 l and juvenile development in the polychaete annelid Capitella sp. I., a member of the third group of
83 oxC, FoxF, FoxL1 and FoxQ1 families from the annelid Capitella teleta and the molluscs Lottia gigante
84 us pharmacological inhibition studies in the annelid Capitella teleta, a sister clade to the mollusks
85 etylcholine binding protein (AChBP) from the annelid Capitella teleta, Ct-AChBP, in complex with vare
86 he published fate map of the spiral-cleaving annelid Capitella teleta, we used infrared laser cell de
87 arly brain neurogenesis in a lophotrochozoan annelid, Capitella sp. I.
88 embryos of a lophotrochozoan, the polychaete annelid Chaetopterus sp.
89                            A new study of an annelid challenges this view and proposes an earlier evo
90 broad FaNaC family that includes mollusk and annelid channels gated by FMRFa, FVRIamides, and/or Wami
91 ngly diverse and reveal important details of annelid character acquisition.
92 e and gut [3, 4]; however, both lack primary annelid characters such as segmentation and chaetae [5].
93 many of the observed differences between the annelid classes correlate with changes in life history.
94 characters such as presence of molluscan vs. annelid cross for phylogenetic analyses is reviewed.
95                   We argue that molluscan or annelid cross, neither of which are present in nemertean
96 al polychaete Capitella capitata using a pan-annelid cross-species antibody to the hunchback-like gen
97 which included soft bodied organisms such as annelids, crustaceans and bivalves, mainly colonizing so
98 ur finding of a functional AChBP in a marine annelid demonstrates that AChBPs may exhibit variations
99 three closely related microscopic dinophilid annelids (Dinophilus gyrociliatus, D. taeniatus and Tril
100 dominated on healthier reefs, whereas it was annelid-dominated on degraded reefs.
101 nce for a metameric body plan reminiscent of annelids early in the evolutionary history of lophophora
102 more than 50% of the energy was allocated to annelids (earthworms).
103   Many members of the spiralian phyla (i.e., annelids, echiurans, vestimentiferans, molluscs, sipuncu
104                  Asexual reproduction in the annelid Enchytraeus japonensis entails the regeneration
105                      Lombricine kinase is an annelid enzyme that belongs to the phosphagen kinase fam
106                                              Annelid erythrocruorins are extracellular respiratory co
107 in protostome animals (arthropods, molluscs, annelids etc.), but a break has also been reported in so
108 lids, providing a constraint on the tempo of annelid evolution and revealing unrecognized ecological
109       This discovery shows that a lineage of annelids evolved a dorsal skeleton of calcareous plates
110                                              Annelids exhibit a conserved histone repertoire organize
111 la palmiformis, members of the Alvinellidae, annelid family strictly endemic to deep-sea hydrothermal
112                 Thus, we argue that in these annelids fission may have evolved by recruitment of rege
113                                              Annelid fossils from the Cambrian period have morphologi
114                       Here we report two new annelids from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte,
115           All possible 5mC patterns occur in annelids, from typical invertebrate intermediate levels
116                            Compared to other annelids, gene orders of these three mitochondrial genom
117           In contrast, both human and marine annelid genes share only 30% of their introns with other
118                               Thus the early annelids had been linked to a variety of cataphract Camb
119                       The lack of detectable annelid hb protein in the trunk at the time of AP patter
120 challenge the currently accepted paradigm of annelid hemoglobin evolution and adaptation to reducing
121 he equally cleaving embryo of the polychaete annelid Hydroides, MAPK activation was not detected in t
122 om a wide array of arthropods, molluscs, and annelids includes motifs that directly bind Gro and CtBP
123            These include a clade that unites annelids (including sipunculans and echiurans) with neme
124                                         Many annelids, including the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris,
125                                The phylum of annelids is one of the most disparate animal phyla and e
126 g spiral cleaving embryos (e.g. mollusks and annelids), it has long been known that one blastomere at
127                 With the origin of bilateral annelid larva, two eyes co-evolved with neurons to impro
128  in chemosensory-neurosecretory cells in the annelid larval apical organ and signals to its receptor,
129 l types, demonstrating the heteromery of the annelid larval trunk.
130 n spiral cleavage and was repeatedly lost in annelid lineages with autonomous development.
131 ionship of the lophophorates to molluscs and annelids (Lophotrochozoa).
132                               The clitellate annelid Lumbricus rubellus is a model organism for soil
133 ng both microvilli and cilia in larva of the annelid Malacoceros fuliginosus.
134  that introns in the mitochondrial genome of annelids may be more widespread then realized.
135 e most diverse animal phyla, only 5 complete annelid mitochrondial genomes have been published.
136 y other protostomes, including the segmented annelids, molting animals (Ecdysozoa) are commonly consi
137  invertebrate groups, including molluscs and annelids-most lineages specify cell fates conditionally,
138 s the greatest number of introns observed in annelid mtDNA genomes, and possibly in bilaterians.
139                             The polychaetous annelid Neanthes acuminata complex has a widespread dist
140 procts), and a third unnamed clade gathering annelids, nemerteans, and platyhelminthes.
141       Many lophotrochozoans (i.e., molluscs, annelids, nemerteans, and polyclad flatworms) display a
142 erved mode of development found in mollusks, annelids, nemerteans, entoprocts, and some marine platyh
143 e species from five more spiralian phyla-the annelids, nemerteans, phoronids, brachiopods and rotifer
144 s and shares less than 30% identity with the annelid nerve myoglobin it most closely resembles among
145            However, recent data suggest that annelids offer unique insights on the early evolution of
146         Embryonic segmentation in clitellate annelids (oligochaetes and leeches) is a cell lineage-dr
147  excretory organs of a phoronid, brachiopod, annelid, onychophoran, priapulid, and hemichordate that
148 iability in octocorals, sponges, arthropods, annelids or anemones.
149 rphological difference between chordates and annelids or arthropods is the opposite orientation of th
150                                 Notably, the annelid Owenia fusiformis has two H2A.X variants that co
151 ed chromosome-scale genome sequencing in the annelid Owenia fusiformis with transcriptomic and epigen
152 mal embryogenesis and reactivates TEs in the annelid Owenia fusiformis.
153  proximodistal axis of developing polychaete annelid parapodia, onychophoran lobopodia, ascidian ampu
154                     Planktonic larvae of the annelid Pectinaria californiensis construct and inhabit
155 y myelin sheaths in vertebrates, oligochaete annelids, penaeid and caridean shrimp, and calanoid cope
156 ubifex, and compared with available data for annelid phosphagen kinases.
157 marine polychaete Capitella teleta, from the annelid phylum.
158 med previous findings of multiple origins of annelid, placozoan and sponge RVT-IM domains and provide
159 pression patterns in the brain of the marine annelid Platynereis dumereilii.
160 tigate ciliary metachronism in larvae of the annelid Platynereis dumerelii, using whole-body high-spe
161 innervation of the musculature in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii and identify smooth muscle
162  that a highly conserved beta-catenin in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii exhibits a reiterative, ne
163 precise locations in the brain of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii with a success rate of 81%
164 ume of an entire three-segmented worm of the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, it yields a visually cons
165 lls in a developing invertebrate, the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, that converges and extend
166                                       In the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, this timing is orchestrat
167 ht measurements from a habitat of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, we found that temporal ch
168                  In this study on the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, we investigated the linea
169 encing and mosaic transgenesis in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, we map cellular profiles
170 te three-segmented young worms of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, with a rich diversity of
171 onnectome of a segmented larva of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
172 sponse in the planktonic larva of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
173 , we characterize a Go-opsin from the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
174 ty in cells and in developing embryos of the annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
175 s, regulates larval settlement in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
176  four-eye visual circuit in the larva of the annelid Platynereis using serial-section transmission el
177    We established stable transgenesis in the annelid Platynereis, a reference species for evolutionar
178 roscopy data covering an entire larva of the annelid Platynereis.
179 s on a full-body larval ssTEM dataset of the annelid Platynereis.
180         Part of this rich diversity includes annelid polychaetes but unfortunately, our understanding
181 s and the nonganglionic brains of polychaete annelids, polyclad planarians, and nemerteans.
182 ighly regenerative and asexually-reproducing annelid Pristina leidyi.
183 d shell fields in brachiopods, mollusks, and annelids provide molecular evidence supporting the conse
184 lychaete that unambiguously belongs to crown annelids, providing a constraint on the tempo of annelid
185 alled archiannelids, were at the base of the annelid radiation [7].
186                       The early evolution of annelids remains obscure or controversial(2,3), partly o
187 a conservative route to genome compaction in annelids, reminiscent of that observed in the vertebrate
188 mCI) isolated from the tentacle crown of the annelid Sabellastarte magnifica.
189                     A deep homology with the annelid scleritome must be reconciled with Wiwaxia's mol
190 IP receptor-ligand pair in regulating marine annelid settlement.
191 atodes, arthropods, platyhelminthes, and the annelids; some of which could comprise species complexes
192 O(2) vent (Ischia, Italy), using the sibling annelid species Platynereis cf..
193 ead-specific expression of Lox22-Otx in this annelid species supports data from two other bilaterian
194  only one pdf homolog in several mollusk and annelid species; two in Onychophora, Priapulida, and Nem
195 uncover a rich cell type diversity including annelid specific types as well as novel types.
196  up the foundation for functional studies in annelid stem cells, and presents newly established techn
197                                          The annelid Streblospio benedicti has a developmental dimorp
198 toderm in the leech Helobdella, a clitellate annelid (superphylum Lophotrochozoa) featuring stereotyp
199 s of orthonectid, a small group of parasitic annelids that live in other invertebrates, is the smalle
200 ugus and related species, are the only known annelids that survive obligately in glacier ice and snow
201                                              Annelids (the segmented worms) have a long history in st
202 unequal first cleavage in another clitellate annelid, the leech Helobdella robusta.
203 ment polarity gene engrailed (en) in a basal annelid, the polychaete Chaetopterus.
204                                         Like annelids, they possess segmental nephridia and muscles t
205 ich identify the molecular responses of this annelid to each contaminant.
206                    Bacterial symbioses allow annelids to colonise extreme ecological niches, such as
207 e microRNA miR-7 is perfectly conserved from annelids to humans, and yet some of the genes that it re
208 lves, advancing from reflex-driven behavior (Annelids) to associative learning (arthropods), abstract
209 enesis is generally favored for interstitial annelids today [3, 4, 8].
210 tly placed into two groups nested within the annelid tree.
211 nt micromeres (2d and 4d) of the oligochaete annelid Tubifex tubifex are essential for embryonic axis
212                            In the clitellate annelid Tubifex tubifex, by contrast, the spindle is mon
213                                              Annelids, unlike their vertebrate or fruit fly cousins,
214 suggest that both sea urchins and polychaete annelids use Hox genes in a very similar fashion.
215 of the forces governing the stability of the annelid/vestimentiferan cuticle collagens.
216 , the latest common ancestor of molluscs and annelids was also indirectly developing.
217                               Of these, only annelids were significantly more abundant in rubber plan
218 extracellular respiratory complexes found in annelids, where they serve the same function as red bloo
219                              A. ornata is an annelid, which inhabits estuary mudflats with other poly
220 tion in larvae of Chaetopterus, a polychaete annelid with a tagmatized axial body plan.
221                             GbM is common to annelids with 5mC, and methylation differences across sp
222 f segmented animals, the Articulata, uniting annelids with arthropods.
223 in the symbioses of phylogenetically related annelids with distinct nutritional strategies.
224 gmented vertebrates, insects, and polychaete annelids with jointed appendages.
225 gmented vertebrates, insects, and polychaete annelids with jointed appendages.
226 ds should most parsimoniously be assigned to annelids with originally organic tubes.
227 ion-selective CLR from the hydrothermal vent annelid worm Alvinella pompejana that opens at low pH.
228 small: we find that the force exerted by the annelid worm Nereis virens in making and moving into suc
229                             The larvae of an annelid worm use nitric oxide signalling to activate the
230          In the leech Helobdella robusta, an annelid worm, the early pattern of cell divisions is ste
231 le orthologue Lox22-Otx was isolated from an annelid worm, the leech Helobdella triserialis.
232 d as a primitive mollusc and as a polychaete annelid worm.
233 seven previously unknown species of swimming annelid worms below 1800 meters.
234 in signaling regulates circadian swimming in annelid worms by rhythmically activating cholinergic neu
235                             Although aquatic annelid worms have some of the fastest escape responses
236 d animal lineages from insects, crustaceans, annelid worms, and fishes, we find more species in linea
237                      However, recent work on annelid worms-an advanced group of eumetazoan animals-sh
238 excretory system, an adaptation unique among annelid worms.

 
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