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2 AF kinase, to the plasma membrane where they are activated by a series of complex molecular steps.
4 trol of diverse physiological responses, and are activated by a surprising diversity of mechanisms.
7 esterol from the PM to the ER is believed to be activated by a lipid-sensing peptide(s) in the ER tha
8 pathway that has previously been reported to be activated by a triad of R2R3-MYB, basic helix-loop he
9 ity to cleave a housekeeping gene mRNA after being activated by a cancer marker RNA, which can potent
11 The multisubunit ACCase in the chloroplast is activated by a shift to pH 8 upon light adaptation an
13 nf1-related protein kinase2s (SnRK2s), which are activated by ABA-triggered inhibition of type-2C pro
15 d we show by in situ hybridization that Wnts are activated by acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4) ) to
16 ests that under ADE conditions, NK cells can be activated by ADCC Abs and can control the magnitude o
17 on of A49 S7 occurs when NF-kappaB signaling is activated by addition of IL-1beta or overexpression o
19 nucleus (DRN), hereafter DRN(Vgat) neurons, are activated by ambient heat and bidirectionally regula
20 stead, NMDA receptors on both amacrine cells were activated by ambient glutamate, and blocking glutam
21 r G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that can be activated by amphetamines, trace amines, and biogenic
22 eceptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV) channel is activated by an array of stimuli, including heat and
23 findings indicate that VTA-glutamate neurons are activated by and required for innate defensive respo
24 alcium release dynamics, how NADPH oxidase 2 is activated by and responds to stretch, and finally the
25 e. Ca(2+) sparks and Ca(2+) waves), how NOX2 is activated by and responds to stretch, and finally the
26 mbryonic born dorsal DG (dDG) neurons, which were activated by anxiogenic stimuli and specifically ex
27 found to increase the number of fibers that are activated by artificial stimulation, thus reducing t
30 ts: activation of AWA olfactory neurons that are activated by attractive odors, and inhibition of one
34 cellular assays, we demonstrate that IGPR-1 is activated by autophagy-inducing stimuli, such as amin
36 Src, two kinases known to interact with and be activated by beta-Arr2 in response to GCPR activation
43 new fluorogenic near-infrared probe that can be activated by bioorthogonal chemistry and image tumour
45 erall, our results indicate that delta IPSCs are activated by both synaptic and diffusional GABA.
46 ly(heptazine imide) (PHI), the microswimmers are activated by both visible and ultraviolet (UV) light
48 a secondary satiation/satiety circuit, which is activated by both psychogenic stress and large meals.
52 he protein(s) that form the PTP and how they are activated by calcium and reactive oxygen species.
58 and dynamics, irrespective of whether IRSp53 is activated by Cdc42 or downstream effectors (Eps8, Ena
59 e first example of a Mn(II) complex that can be activated by changing the pH of its local environment
62 sly reported that the lateral habenula (LHb) is activated by cocaine and contributes to cocaine's ave
65 activated copper complex, so any alkyne that is activated by copper reacts rapidly with the nearest a
67 gle Platynereis corazonin receptor (CrzR) to be activated by CRZ1/GnRHL1, CRZ2/GnRHL2, and GnRHL3 (pr
68 as a chelation-assisted leaving group could be activated by Cu(OTf)(2) and avoided the use of harsh
77 to sugar but not artificial sweeteners, and are activated by direct delivery of sugar to the gut.
78 he most Ca(2+) -selective channels known and are activated by direct physical interactions with the e
81 PV4, is a polymodal cation channel which can be activated by diverse stimuli including mechanical, th
83 trated that host skin-resident T cells could be activated by donor monocytes to generate a GVHD-like
87 ns with distinct cross-reactivity properties were activated by each immunogen, and these differences
93 hannel expressed in endothelial cells (ECs), is activated by elevated pressure and other mechanical s
95 types of opioid receptors (mu, delta, kappa) are activated by endogenous peptides derived from three
96 some biology reveals that the proteasome can be activated by endogenous protein kinases, making it po
97 s in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus are activated by energy surfeits and inhibited by energy
101 ncounter DNA damage, a cell cycle checkpoint is activated by expressing a cell division inhibitor.
103 ess the hypothesis that layer 6 (L6) CTs may be activated by extra-sensory inputs prior to anticipate
104 "Provector" whose cellular transduction can be activated by extracellular proteases, such as matrix
107 conclusion, our data suggest that NLRP3 can be activated by flagellin to act as a "safety net" to ma
108 immune cells, the NLRC4 inflammasome, which is activated by flagellin or bacterial secretion systems
109 ronal population in the basal forebrain that is activated by food-odor related stimuli, and potently
111 ontaining the cysteine desulfurase NFS1 that is activated by frataxin (FXN), scaffold protein ISCU, a
112 d costimulatory receptors, whereas PI3Kgamma is activated by G protein-coupled chemokine receptors.
113 unctional GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) that are activated by GABA released at synaptic contacts with
118 PCA1 is localized to the plasma membrane and is activated by H(2)O(2) via covalent modification of ex
119 u(II)-bound enolate, whereas the nitroolefin is activated by H-bonds to the imidazolium unit and the
122 ceptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is activated by heat and by capsaicin, the pungent compo
123 ion is induced under nitrogen-starvation and is activated by HetR, suggesting that HetL provides immu
125 Together, our results show that neck MUs are activated by high-frequency signals encoded by prima
126 pomyosin receptor kinases (TrkA, TrkB, TrkC) are activated by hormones of the neurotrophin family: ne
128 lasmic signaling hub of innate immunity that is activated by host-derived or bacterially derived cycl
129 t inhibits the activity of virulence factors is activated by host-factor-dependent acyl-adenylation.
136 unctionally quiescent at homeostasis but can be activated by IL-33 to produce large amounts of type 2
137 owing allergen exposure, ST2(+) T(reg) cells were activated by IL-33 to suppress IL-17-producing gamm
138 central nucleus of the amygdala of male mice are activated by in vivo ethanol consumption and that ge
140 Like many mammalian cytokines, unpaireds can be activated by infection and other stresses and can pro
144 CH12F3 B lymphoma cells, inversional CSR can be activated by insertion of a CTCF-binding element (CBE
147 pression in normal cells and that expression is activated by its mutational disruption in a reporter
149 mechanism in which the stepping of KIF3C can be activated by KIF3A in a strain-dependent manner, simi
151 receptor of the endocannabinoid system that is activated by L-alpha-lysophosphatidylinositol and var
152 re assumed to exist as preformed dimers that are activated by ligand-induced conformational changes.
154 olecule, peptide, or protein ligands and may be activated by ligand-induced interaction with a shape
155 or potential vanilloid (thermoTRPV) channels are activated by ligands and heat, and are involved in v
156 advanced molecular motors are rotators that are activated by light wherein a molecular subcomponent
160 Lyn as the specific Src kinase isoform that is activated by MCP-1 and acts upstream of Pyk2 in prima
164 In Drosophila and other arthropods, eggs are activated by mechanical pressure in the female repro
166 curvature, we propose that Tmc channels may be activated by membrane curvature in dendrites that are
167 H(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is activated by metabolic stress and promotes the develo
169 Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are activated by microbial riboflavin-based metabolite a
170 e a family of potent imaging probes that can be activated by molecules of interest in deep tissue, pr
171 lular cross talk because cardiac fibroblasts were activated by monocyte/macrophages and, in turn, pro
172 nscription of key genes prpC and prpD in MCC is activated by MtPrpR, a member of a family of prokaryo
174 une signaling through the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by multiple diabetes-related stressors, but
176 ctor 3 (IRF3) is a transcription factor that is activated by multiple pattern-recognition receptors.
183 rein, we present a hybrid nanomotor that can be activated by near-infrared (NIR)-irradiation for the
187 secretion (NGSIS) in pancreatic islets that is activated by nonesterified free fatty acids, the majo
189 e source of hippocampal norepinephrine (NE), are activated by novelty and changes in environmental co
194 actors from the nuclear receptor family that are activated by oxysterols and synthetic high-affinity
195 G/GRP neurons express oxytocin receptors and are activated by oxytocin during male sexual behavior.
197 ion of sirtuin-1 and cellular senescence and is activated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
200 g/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors are activated by pathogen effectors to trigger host defe
201 KI mice, it is now demonstrated that, after being activated by PB, CAR binds and recruits ERalpha on
203 ervations illustrate mechanisms by which CCs are activated by pH sensitive P2X4 receptor and ectonucl
204 n oxidation addition, whereas alkyl bromides are activated by (phen)Ni(I)-Ar through single-electron
206 ation we here show that the histidine kinase is activated by piston-like displacements in the membran
207 high selectivity on hair cells polarized to be activated by posterior deflections, as would occur du
214 schistosome ion channel was discovered that is activated by PZQ and displays characteristics which m
215 iectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-Chk1 pathway is activated by R loop-induced reversed replication fork
216 actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, is activated by Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate
218 ars van Krevelen redox mechanism where CH(4) is activated by reaction with a hematite surface oxygen
223 plicated in myocardial death, and CaMKII can be activated by ROS (ox-CaMKII) through oxidation of reg
226 sponse suppression to learned attention cues were activated by salient distractor events, suggesting
228 utoantibody, Pik3cd gain-of-function B cells are activated by self-antigen to form plasmablasts that
229 gest LJA5 neurons are uniquely positioned to be activated by sensation and stress, and in turn, inhib
232 tty acid receptor 3 (FFA3, previously GPR41) is activated by short-chain fatty acids, mediates health
234 ons (GRNs) and mechanosensory neurons (MSNs) are activated by slight cooling, although sugar neurons
235 ogonal inducible split recombinases that can be activated by small molecules, light and temperature i
241 by ORAI proteins in the plasma membrane and are activated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) lo
243 ) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) are activated by structurally diverse chemicals to regul
245 eptor in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is activated by subthreshold social defeat stress and su
246 ein kinase (TOPK), a serine-threonine kinase is activated by SUV irradiation and involved in skin car
247 Th2-driven immune responses, pulmonary cDC1s were activated by targeted deletion of A20/Tnfaip3, a ne
251 stic study reveals that both CH(4) and CO(2) are activated by the anionic Pt atom and that the succes
254 se results further establish inhibitors that are activated by the binding of transition metal ions as
256 d predict that primed enhancers in PAH PAECs are activated by the differentially active TFs, resultin
257 The five dopamine receptor subtypes (D(1-5)) are activated by the endogenous catecholamine dopamine.
258 By focusing on muscarinic receptors, which are activated by the nerve-derived neurotransmitter acet
260 erved tyrosine in their C-terminal tail, and are activated by the receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase
261 ctivation of the other, suggesting that both are activated by the same signal of ribosome collisions.
262 sis showed that both promoters and enhancers are activated by the same transcription factors in diffe
265 Ralpha, but AF-1-dependent transcription can be activated by the estrogen-antagonists, fulvestrant (I
268 r of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, which is activated by the bacterium Streptomyces rapamycinicus
269 nucleators, the Diaphanous-related formins, is activated by the binding of small G-proteins such as
270 it does alter GEF specificity, as RAC2(E62K) is activated by the DOCK GEF, DOCK2, but not by the Dbl
275 Finally, endothelial Slug (but not Snail) is activated by the pro-angiogenic factor SDF1alpha via
284 e weakening phenomenon during fault slip may be activated by thermal pressurization of pores' fluid a
286 n was triggered by thrombin, which, in turn, was activated by tissue factor released from intestinal
287 en in the gut, Th17 cells of oral origin can be activated by translocated oral pathobionts and cause
288 s overexpressed in advanced stage tumors and is activated by trypsin-like serine proteases that are h
290 The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is activated by vagal afferents from the gastrointestina
293 Ibbeta3, a prototypic adhesion receptor, can be activated by various mechanical stimuli including str
294 pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways and can be activated by various unsaturated fatty acid compounds
297 CUB domains are not autoinhibited and cannot be activated by VWF D4 but retain the hairpin fold.
298 describe that the CeA neuronal ensemble that is activated by withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure
299 ), two transcriptional coactivators known to be activated by WNT/beta-catenin signaling and to cooper
300 osed of MKK3 and the clade-C MAPKs MPK1/2/7, is activated by wounding in a MKK4/5-independent manner.