ライフサイエンスコーパス: be approved for

1 ular resistance [PVR] >/=240 dynes.s.cm) who were approved for a POPH MELD exception between 2006 and

2 Four antibiotics were approved for acute bacterial skin and skin-structur

3 t options, solriamfetol and pitolisant, have been approved for adults, and the indication for sodium

4 rials, and the mTOR-inhibitor everolimus has been approved for advanced or metastatic aromatase inhib

5 bazitaxel, radium-223, and sipuleucel-T have been approved for advanced prostate cancer.

6 PI3Kdelta inhibitors have been approved for B-cell malignancies like CLL, small ly

7 ogenic drugs targeting VEGF or its receptors are approved for cancer treatment.

8 to bridge this gap, but few such assays have been approved for cancer applications.

9 r (EGFR)/ERBB1, or a co-receptor, HER2, have been approved for cancer therapy.

10 axel (PTX) loaded-PEG-b-PLA micelle (PTX-PM) is approved for cancer treatment due to injection safety

11 ersons 2 through 49 years of age but has not been approved for children under 2 or asthmatics due to

12 -oral, direct-acting antiviral regimens have been approved for children with chronic hepatitis C viru

13 Extended-release guanfacine is approved for children with attention deficit hyperact

14 As a variety of antimuscarinic drugs are approved for clinical use against other conditions,

15 and cost-efficiently investigate drugs that are approved for clinical use in the treatment of anothe

16 nce high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays are approved for clinical use in the United States.

17 As these disease-directed therapies are approved for clinical use, clinicians will need to d

18 Two drugs that inhibit HIV entry are approved for clinical use: the membrane fusion-inhib

19 Several toxin-derived products are approved for clinical, veterinary, or agrochemical u

20 first targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor to be approved for clinical use, and remains first-line the

21 us efforts, RXR ligands (rexinoids) have not been approved for clinical trials to treat metabolic syn

22 At present just one IRE system has been approved for clinical use and is currently commerci

23 (166)Ho-microspheres have recently been approved for clinical use for hepatic radioemboliza

24 To date, two ROCK inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in Japan (fasudil and rip

25 tive inhibitor of the 26S proteasome and has been approved for clinical use in the treatment of relap

26 Immune-based treatments have been approved for clinical use in various types of cance

27 ome these limitations, only one compound has been approved for clinical use so far.

28 Epigenetic inhibitors have been approved for clinical use to restore epigenetic abe

29 nt that specifically targets B cells has yet been approved for clinical use, all existing disease-mod

30 Dozens of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been approved for clinical use, and hundreds more are un

31 tiviral and gammaretroviral vectors have now been approved for clinical use, and the site-specific ge

32 agonists have been developed, none have yet been approved for clinical use, based on inadequate effi

33 rol ester transfer protein inhibitor has yet been approved for clinical use.

34 w of time has passed since a new Pt drug has been approved for clinical use.

35 eads in preclinical models, no agent has yet been approved for clinical use.

36 eless, no effective AP-1 inhibitors have yet been approved for clinical use.

37 activity versus one or multiple kinases have been approved for clinical use.

38 , not a single phosphatase inhibitor has yet been approved for clinical use.

39 HER2 antibody-drug conjugate T-DM1, have all been approved for clinical use.

40 er, there is no chondroprotective agent that is approved for clinical application.

41 VX-770 (ivacaftor) is approved for clinical use in CF patients bearing mult

42 Because sildenafil is approved for clinical use, our results suggest that a

43 urative effects in leukemia and lymphoma and is approved for clinical use.

44 Several new drugs have been approved for CLL treatment (fludarabine, bendamusti

45 , no vaccines or antiviral therapeutics have been approved for combating DENV-associated disease.

46 Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use.

47 serotype capsids, AAV1, AAV2, and AAV9, have been approved for commercial use in patients, but they m

48 endpoint to determine whether a drug should be approved for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia i

49 patients who were prescribed a PCSK9i, 47.0% were approved for coverage by the payer.

50 le record according to CPRD quality control, were approved for CPRD and Hospital Episodes Statistics

51 ealth and no vaccines or antiviral therapies are approved for dengue fever.

52 It has already been approved for destination therapy of heart failure,

53 Targeted treatments that are approved for differentiated and medullary thyroid ca

54 ic antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies are approved for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, axicabta

55 No effective vaccine or treatment has yet been approved for either virus.

56 ble EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib are approved for first-line treatment of EGFR mutation-p

57 noma (HNSCC), where EGFR-blocking antibodies are approved for first-line treatment.

58 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (NIVO1+IPI3) is approved for first-line treatment of patients with ad

59 croemulsion (SFME) extraction systems, which are approved for food and yield a higher extracting powe

60 Several countries have been approved for Gavi support to introduce TCV in 2019-

61 were approved for solid tumours and 18 (28%) were approved for haematological malignancies.

62 abuvir (OBV/PTV/r + DSV) +/- ribavirin (RBV) is approved for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 (GT1)

63 Recently, bictegravir has been approved for HIV-1, but no data are currently avail

64 To date, no vaccine or treatments are approved for human use.

65 with up to 90% lethality, and no treatments are approved for human use.

66 wn SERM of triphenylethylene family that has been approved for human use, thus represents an ideal mo

67 icotine in animals, but these drugs have not been approved for human use.

68 ch, only a handful of vaccine adjuvants have been approved for human use.

69 SAHA is approved for human use, and molecules similar to JQ1

70 ulmonary artery pressure sensor (CardioMEMS) is approved for implantation via the femoral vein.

71 e Melody transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) was approved for implantation in obstructed right ventri

72 currently, no nanoparticle-based product has been approved for intraperitoneal delivery.

73 grated in the brain-spine interface have all been approved for investigational applications in simila

74 Although no therapies are approved for light chain (AL) amyloidosis, cyclophos

75 elve of the species found are listed or have been approved for listing in 2017 in the appendices of t

76 late was the first new oral anticoagulant to be approved for long-term anticoagulant treatment in 6 d

77 To date, no agent targeting GSK3 has been approved for lymphoma therapy.

78 ide effects, and none of the drugs evaluated is approved for maintenance therapy.

79 Very few medications are approved for management of type 2 diabetes in youth.

80 te seven drug-releasing vaginal rings having been approved for market, there is no universally accept

81 ological product, three rHuEPO products that are approved for marketing in the US or EU as biosimilar

82 Impella was approved for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in

83 bitor targeting MET in addition to VEGFR and is approved for medullary thyroid cancer.

84 No therapeutics or vaccines are approved for MERS; thus, development of novel therap

85 Although immunotherapies are approved for MIBC, the majority of patients fail to

86 Many new-generation AEDs have not been approved for monotherapy, causing drug labelling an

87 To date, no pharmacological treatment is approved for NAFLD/NASH.

88 portant addition to care, but currently none are approved for NASH.

89 Only four new chemical entities were approved for neglected diseases (three for malaria,

90 GM-CSF (sargramostim) is approved for neutropenia associated with stem cell tr

91 eted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has recently been approved for nonadipocytic soft tissue sarcomas ref

92 ogue that binds to serum albumin in vivo and is approved for once-daily treatment of diabetes as well

93 As these drugs have been approved for other clinical indications, they are n

94 The selective TRK inhibitor larotrectinib was approved for paediatric and adult patients with adva

95 Although interferon-free regimens are approved for patients co-infected with HIV and genot

96 KIs (gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib) has been approved for patients harbouring exon 19 deletions

97 trategies, and only one systemic therapy has been approved for patients with advanced tumors.

98 t acts as a substitutive therapy for HA, has been approved for patients with and without inhibitors.

99 Multiple nanotherapeutics have been approved for patients with cancer, but their effect

100 inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma 2 protein, have been approved for patients with chronic lymphocytic leuk

101 an oral inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, is approved for patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)

102 n two placebo-controlled phase 3 trials, and is approved for patients with metastatic castration-resi

103 Cabozantinib is approved for patients with metastatic renal cell carc

104 an implantable pulmonary artery (PA) sensor is approved for patients with New York Heart Association

105 The sinus node inhibitor ivabradine was approved for patients with heart failure (HF) after

106 This drug was approved for patients with multiple myeloma who have

107 In addition to imatinib, which was approved for pediatric CML in 2003, the second-gener

108 cule derived from Chinese herb gamboges, has been approved for Phase II clinical trial for cancer the

109 ers of CKD have been reported, but none have been approved for preclinical or clinical use.

110 No treatments have been approved for primary progressive multiple sclerosis

111 Currently no countermeasures have been approved for prophylactic administration.

112 after surgery, but available only in Europe) are approved for prophylaxis in patients undergoing majo

113 Ustekinumab is approved for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treatm

114 PDE5Is are approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension, given

115 Rucaparib is approved for recurrent ovarian cancers with germline

116 Although pembrolizumab is approved for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squam

117 a once-a-day tablet formulation has recently been approved for reducing ethanol intake in alcoholic s

118 K kinase inhibitors crizotinib and ceritinib are approved for relapsed ALK(+) NSCLC, but acquired res

119 in, belinostat, and brentuximab vedotin have been approved for relapsed and refractory peripheral T-c

120 sk beetle Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers) was approved for release in the United States for classi

121 Telaprevir (TVR) has been approved for response-guided-therapy (RGT) of chron

122 t against influenza virus, yet few adjuvants are approved for routine use.

123 However, to date, no probe has been approved for routine imaging of cell death in the c

124 If this drug is approved for routine clinical use in patients with sc

125 Rapalogs are approved for selected cancer types, including kidney

126 Our cohort included 65 drugs: 47 (72%) drugs were approved for solid tumours and 18 (28%) were approv

127 DNA demethylating agents are approved for some blood malignancies and are under a

128 trials, and to date, no other treatment has been approved for STGD1.

129 Both liquid extracts and tablets are approved for sublingual immunotherapy in Europe.

130 se targeting the VEGF-A/VEGFR2 pathway, have been approved for subsets of solid tumors.

131 As everolimus is approved for tamoxifen-resistant or relapsing estroge

132 mpairment (MCI) and AD, and therefore it has been approved for testing in clinical trials beginning i

133 amycin analogs, temsirolimus and everolimus, are approved for the treatment of advance renal cell car

134 uggest that mTORC1 inhibitors, many of which are approved for the treatment of certain cancers, shoul

135 .S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drugs are approved for the treatment of influenza infections,

136 Purpose Bevacizumab regimens are approved for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma

137 Plasma-derived or recombinant C1INH products are approved for the treatment of such angioedema attack

138 f drug, the attachment inhibitors, will soon be approved for the treatment of HIV.

139 rea of research as no inhibitors have yet to be approved for the treatment of human cancer.

140 The latest drug to be approved for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrom

141 olecule inhibitor of EGFR kinase function to be approved for the treatment of nonsmall cell lung canc

142 The following three TKIs have been approved for the management of advanced disease: im

143 Five medications have been approved for the management of obesity, but data on

144 a new viral terminase complex inhibitor, has been approved for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV

145 ta) that acts directly on the receptor--have been approved for the prevention of stroke and myocardia

146 No therapeutic agent has been approved for the prevention or treatment of this di

147 e scarce, except for cyclosporine, which has been approved for the therapy of severe AD.

148 all therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, have been approved for the treatment of AQP4-IgG-positive NMO

149 5-azacytidine and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine have been approved for the treatment of different types of he

150 ha receptor in drug-resistant tumors and has been approved for the treatment of hormone-receptor-posi

151 he past decade, several immunotherapies have been approved for the treatment of melanoma.

152 Dupilumab has recently been approved for the treatment of moderate to severe at

153 cule inhibitor of the JAK kinases, which has been approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis, a rare

154 oved agents that target the VHL pathway have been approved for the treatment of patients with advance

155 ly, the S1P analogue Fingolimod (FTY720) has been approved for the treatment of patients with relapsi

156 or combination therapy with an HDAC drug has been approved for the treatment of PDAC.

157 e cells including regulatory T cells and has been approved for the treatment of persistent or recurre

158 ical inhibition by a monoclonal antibody has been approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteop

159 Pembrolizumab has been approved for the treatment of recurrent or metastat

160 in represents one such ADC that has recently been approved for the treatment of relapsed Hodgkin and

161 tumor necrosis factor alpha that has already been approved for the treatment of several autoimmune co

162 ) is a PI3Kdelta inhibitor that has recently been approved for the treatment of several hematological

163 stem cell mobilizer, and has since 10 years been approved for the treatment of some hematological ma

164 One antisense drug, nusinersen, has been approved for the treatment of spinal muscular atrop

165 of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D)

166 Nusinersen is approved for the treatment of 5q spinal muscular atro

167 industrial source of ingenol mebutate, which is approved for the treatment of actinic keratosis, a pr

168 Pembrolizumab is approved for the treatment of advanced cancer in adul

169 Erlotinib is approved for the treatment of all patients with advan

170 antitumor Abs, including trastuzumab, which is approved for the treatment of breast cancer with HER2

171 an analgesic, and its topical administration is approved for the treatment of certain pain conditions

172 It is approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lympho

173 th no need for pharmacokinetic boosting that is approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

174 ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi), is approved for the treatment of human epidermal growth

175 It is approved for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis

176 Vismodegib is approved for the treatment of locally advanced and me

177 The androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide is approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-r

178 that targets CD38, depletes plasma cells and is approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma.

179 TY720, a drug that targets S1P receptors and is approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, cau

180 A polyethylene glycol-modified form of G-CSF is approved for the treatment of neutropenias.

181 Osimertinib is approved for the treatment of non-small-cell lung can

182 ly distinct androgen-receptor inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of nonmetastatic, castrati

183 ne conductance regulator (CFTR) potentiator, is approved for the treatment of patients with cystic fi

184 Bevacizumab is approved for the treatment of patients with progressi

185 lalisib, a selective inhibitor of PI3Kdelta, is approved for the treatment of patients with relapsed

186 ) possesses anti-inflammatory properties and is approved for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple

187 Bevacizumab is approved for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma,

188 ntibody-drug conjugate, brentuximab vedotin, is approved for the treatment of relapsed, refractory Ho

189 The microcantilever biosensor was approved for the detection of phenytoin in solutions

190 obtained, and informed consent documentation was approved for the study protocol.

191 In 1995 fasudil was approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm, an

192 Duloxetine was approved for the treatment of chronic knee pain due

193 It was approved for the treatment of Crohn disease (CD) on

194 But, before ranibizumab was approved for the treatment of exudative AMD, intrave

195 bral vasospasm, and more recently, ripasudil was approved for the treatment of glaucoma in 2014.

196 Bedaquiline is a new antibiotic that was approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (M

197 ely few drugs targeting nucleic acid sensors are approved for therapeutic use.

198 ntibodies against IL-6 and its receptor have been approved for therapeutic intervention or are in adv

199 Currently, three PIs have been approved for therapy of chronic hepatitis C, and se

200 e 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kalpha) inhibitors have been approved for therapy.

201 No systemic treatments are approved for this disease, with methotrexate-vinblas

202 rugs are in advanced clinical development to be approved for this disease.

203 rbidity and mortality; however, no treatment is approved for this indication.

204 inhibitors rapamycin and analogs (rapalogs) are approved for treating of TSC and LAM.

205 inhibitors were the last among this group to be approved for treating people living with HIV, they ha

206 and NK1R antagonists such as aprepitant have been approved for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea a

207 ular concern, no new antibiotic classes have been approved for treating Gram-negative pathogens in de

208 protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1, have been approved for treating human cancers with durable cl

209 egy in the treatment of various diseases and is approved for treating hematological malignancies.

210 Activated factor VII is approved for treating hemophilia patients with autoan

211 Baloxavir marboxil, 4, is approved for treating influenza virus infections.

212 5-HT2B and 5-HT2A agonist activities, which is approved for treating obesity.

213 Intravenous prostacyclin is approved for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension

214 Several testosterone-replacement therapies are approved for treatment and should be selected accord

215 PARP inhibitors are approved for treatment of cancers with BRCA1 or BRCA

216 Several targeted drugs are approved for treatment of patients with metastatic r

217 Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs are approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes and are in

218 GLP-1 analogs are approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes and are un

219 merase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib has been approved for treatment of advanced ovarian cancer a

220 Compound 29 has recently been approved for treatment of chronic HCV infection in

221 fosbuvir and ledipasvir, which have recently been approved for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus

222 delta (PI3K-delta) inhibitor idelalisib has been approved for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leuke

223 combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir has been approved for treatment of genotype 1 hepatitis C vi

224 Sofosbuvir-containing regimens have been approved for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) i

225 Although ISA has been approved for treatment of invasive Aspergillus and

226 ary diseases such as haemophilia B, and have been approved for treatment of lipoprotein lipase defici

227 -regulated kinase (ERK) (MEK) 1/2, which has been approved for treatment of metastatic melanoma and a

228 gs, delamanid and bedaquiline, have recently been approved for treatment of multidrug-resistant and e

229 i-derived sphingosine homologue, FTY720, has been approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis.

230 wo of them (azacytidine and decitabine) have been approved for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes

231 atacept, a humanized version of CTLA4Ig, has been approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, pro

232 ctive PDE4 inhibitor Roflumilast-n-oxide has been approved for treatment of severe exacerbations of C

233 y specific for tumor necrosis factor- alpha, is approved for treatment in patients with Inflammatory

234 thrombopoietin receptor agonist eltrombopag is approved for treatment of adults with chronic immune

235 Ranolazine, a NaCh blocker, is approved for treatment of angina.

236 seases with underlying type 2 signatures and is approved for treatment of asthma, atopic dermatitis,

237 The B2 receptor antagonist icatibant is approved for treatment of attacks of hereditary angio

238 Although the IL-6R antagonist tocilizumab is approved for treatment of CRS, there is no approved t

239 phate receptor modulator, FTY720/fingolimod, is approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis.

240 utide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, is approved for treatment of obesity; however, the mecha

241 ients with advanced basal cell carcinoma and is approved for treatment of patients with advanced basa

242 The antibody trastuzumab is approved for treatment of patients with HER2 (ERBB2)-

243 e of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate and is approved for treatment of urea cycle disorders and pr

244 hasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX 0.7) was approved for treatment of diabetic macular edema (DM

245 ylated interferon alfa-2b (PEG-IFN-alpha-2b) was approved for treatment of resected stage III melanom

246 in 2012, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) were approved for treatment and prevention of venous thr

247 a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, is approved for treatments of patients with diabetes.

248 Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs are approved for type 2 diabetes mellitus; preclinical a

249 , several DPP IV inhibitors, the "gliptins", are approved for type 2 diabetes or are under clinical e

250 the 30% range, and no antivirals or vaccines are approved for use for treatment and prevention of SFT

251 luenza vaccines propagated in cultured cells are approved for use in humans, but their yields are oft

252 Both drugs are approved for use in locally advanced BCC (laBCC), wi

253 These drugs are approved for use in patients with cardiovascular dis

254 c interventions manipulating these cytokines are approved for use in some cancers as well as allergic

255 oV diagnosis detect only certain strains and are approved for use in the United States only in epidem

256 Currently, no UTI vaccines are approved for use in the United States, and the devel

257 No effective antivirals or vaccines for RSV are approved for use in the United States; however, ther

258 for relapsed disease, although a few agents are approved for use in this setting.

259 recommended that this combination medication be approved for use as PrEP in high-risk persons without

260 New devices have recently been approved for use in adolescents, yet pediatricians

261 the last 15 years, several medications have been approved for use in alcohol dependence but have onl

262 key drivers of type 2 inflammation, and has been approved for use in atopic dermatitis and asthma.

263 ma), and copanlisib (pan-PI3K) have recently been approved for use in cancer treatment.

264 Sacubitril/valsartan has been approved for use in heart failure (HF) with reduced

265 been developed and the first compounds have been approved for use in Hh-driven basal cell carcinoma.

266 ting disease progression, no inhibitors have been approved for use in humans.

267 ombopoietin-receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) have been approved for use in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) a

268 occal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) has recently been approved for use in immunocompromised adults.

269 Cetuximab is an anti-EGFR antibody that has been approved for use in oncology.

270 , a biologic targeting the IL-6 pathway, has been approved for use in rheumatoid arthritis and intere

271 e oligonucleotide against APOB have recently been approved for use in subjects with clinically diagno

272 ew products on the market, but more EOs have been approved for use in the United States than elsewher

273 BRAF and MEK inhibitor combinations have been approved for use in various cancers by the US FDA.

274 ctive therapies for respiratory disease have been approved for use.

275 cal trials, no vaccines or therapeutics have been approved for use.

276 tal Artificial Heart (Syncardia, Tucson, AZ) is approved for use as a bridge-to-transplant or destina

277 the natural environment and its organic form is approved for use as a feed additive for animal produc

278 molecule that has antioxidant properties and is approved for use as an MRI contrast enhancer.

279 a first-in-class Hedgehog-pathway inhibitor, is approved for use in adults with advanced basal-cell c

280 ralong-acting, once-daily basal insulin that is approved for use in adults, adolescents, and children

281 Doxorubicin (Dox) is approved for use in liposomal form for the treatment

282 an intravenous, reversible P2Y12 antagonist, is approved for use in patients undergoing percutaneous

283 eric IgG1 mAb directed against the EGFR that is approved for use in patients with colorectal and head

284 EBR/GZR is approved for use in patients with renal impairment an

285 ve attenuated vaccine strain Candid #1 (Can) is approved for use in regions of endemicity and has sub

286 While the vaccine strain is approved for use in regions of endemicity within Arge

287 Background Ferumoxytol is approved for use in the treatment of iron deficiency

288 , which continues to develop new technology, is approved for use in the United States.

289 Auranofin (Ridaura) is approved for use in treating rheumatoid arthritis, bu

290 The CCR5 antagonist maraviroc is approved for use in treatment-naive and treatment-exp

291 ontrol, and prevent diseases, and penicillin is approved for use to improve growth rates in pigs and

292 tion and susceptibility testing system which is approved for use with positive blood cultures.

293 acute ischaemic stroke was alteplase, which is approved for use within 4.5 h after stroke onset in m

294 Nevertheless, before a new MRI device is approved for use, it is necessary to calibrate it pro

295 The infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 was approved for use in Crohn's disease after clinical c

296 e acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) blasts, was approved for use in patients with relapsed or refrac

297 In March 2017, dupilumab was approved for use in the treatment of atopic dermatit

298 NS3/4A PIs (PIs), telaprevir and boceprevir, were approved for use in combination with PegIFN/RBV for

299 As of yet, no drugs have been approved for UV, and management recommendations are

300 of two commercial, insoluble chitosans (one being approved for winemaking) were investigated by elec