ライフサイエンスコーパス: beta-1,3-glucan

1 aniline blue, which is specific for callose (beta-1,3-glucan).

2 protein Bgs4 synthesizes the main cell wall beta(1,3)glucan.

3 eptum was free, with the remainder linked to beta(1-3)glucan.

4 ttached to beta(1-6)glucan and the latter to beta(1-3)glucan.

5 nts being alpha-mannan, beta-1,6 glucan, and beta-1,3 glucan.

6 s in the phloem in plants contain callose, a beta-1,3-glucan.

7 , has a defective cell wall due to decreased beta-1,3-glucan.

8 nd beta-glucosidase to release the remaining beta-1,3-glucan.

9 with beta-1,6-glucan and a small fraction of beta-1,3-glucan.

10 increases nearly 100-fold in the presence of beta-1,3-glucan.

11 -betaGRP2) with laminarin, a soluble form of beta-1,3-glucan.

12 mocyte suspensions in the presence of LPS or beta-1,3-glucan.

13 establish cross-links between beta-1,6- and beta-1,3-glucans.

14 le matrix of beta-1,6-glucans and additional beta-1,3-glucans.

15 kely the triple helix adopted by polymerized beta-1,3-glucans.

16 factors into recognition and degradation of beta-1,3-glucans.

17 attenuates the axon-regenerative effects of beta(1, 3)-glucan.

18 a-(1,3)-oligomers from dimer up to insoluble beta-(1,3)-glucan.

19 Da consistent with the repeating unit of the beta-(1-->3)-glucan.

20 e development of small-molecule analogues of beta-(1->3)-glucans.

21 o a two-chain active form in the presence of beta-1,3-glucan (a fungal cell wall component) and beta-

22 To target beta-(1,3)-glucan, a structural component of the Pneumoc

23 al echinocandins inhibit the biosynthesis of beta-1,3-glucan, a major and essential polysaccharide co

24 e somatic ovule cell that becomes encased in beta-1,3-glucan, a water insoluble polysaccharide implic

25 With both oral beta-1,3-glucans, a requirement for iC3b on tumors and C

26 tivation is required for TLR9 trafficking to beta-1,3 glucan-, A. fumigatus-, and C. albicans-contain

27 Because beta-1,3 glucans activate host antifungal pathways via t

28 ences in surface-accessible MAMPs, including beta-(1,3)-glucan, alpha-mannose, chitin, and other carb

29 The unmasking of beta(1-3)-glucan also results in increased elicitation o

30 -like receptor has shown to recognize fungal beta (1,3)-glucans and induce innate immune responses.

31 etermine whether biofilm cells secreted more beta -1,3 glucan and whether these differences could be

32 minations of cell wall-synthesizing enzymes (beta(1 --> 3)glucan and chitin synthases) and cytosolic

33 polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta(1,3)-glucan and chitin are of principle importance.

34 ll wall, beta(1-->6)glucan is linked to both beta(1-->3)glucan and mannoprotein, as well as occasiona

35 eins (mannan) and an inner layer enriched in beta-(1,3)-glucan and chitin.

36 macrophages via interactions between fungal beta-(1,3)-glucan and the host receptors Dectin-1 and CD

37 , but was inhibited by high molecular weight beta-(1-3)-glucans and by a monoclonal antibody to lacto

38 Given the diversity of natural beta-(1->3)-glucans and their wide range of biotechnolog

39 olar ratio between the major polysaccharides beta-1,3-glucan and alpha-1,3-glucan, while chitin remai

40 beta-1,3-Glucan and chitin are the most prominent polysa

41 caspofungin inhibits synthesis of cell wall beta-1,3-glucan and is used for prophylactic therapy in

42 Ebg1 can hydrolyze beta-1,3-glucan and laminarin into glucose, thus suppres

43 ndicated that recombinant (r)PmLGBP binds to beta-1,3-glucan and LPS with a dissociation constant of

44 t is suggested that the Phr proteins process beta-1,3-glucans and make available acceptor sites for t

45 at the mother-bud neck, partially linked to beta(1-3)glucan, and in the lateral wall, attached in pa

46 ed an average of 5% chitin, 20% chitosan, 5% beta-(1,3)-glucan, and 70% beta-(1,6)-glucan.

47 beta-(1 --> 3)-Glucans are natural polysaccharides well-

48 is In the current study, we examined whether beta-1,3-glucans are masked by surface proteins in Pneum

49 C. glabrata has higher surface levels of beta-1,3-glucans as compared with C. albicans; however t

50 d cell wall changes (specifically, increased beta -1,3 glucan) associated with biofilm, compared with

51 followed shortly thereafter by a decline in beta-1,3-glucan-associated beta-1, 6-glucans and, within

52 The incorporation of [(14)C]-glucose into beta(1-->3)glucan at 37 degrees C was decreased or aboli

53 ieved by a preferential binding of chitin to beta(1-3)glucan at that site.

54 cked by pathogens rapidly deposit callose, a beta-1,3-glucan, at wound sites.

55 In this study, we demonstrate that beta-1,3 glucan beads are sufficient to induce dynamic r

56 s TLR9 accumulation on phagosomes containing beta-1,3 glucan beads.

57 n available biomass substrate, in this case, beta-1-3 glucan, because both CelC and LicA are active o

58 four structural components of the cell wall, beta(1-->3)-glucan, beta(1-->6)-glucan, chitin, and mann

59 nclude that the order of addition in vivo is beta(1-->3)glucan, beta(1-->6)glucan, mannoprotein.

60 ut does not bind chitosan, cellulose, xylan, beta-1, 3-glucan, beta-1,3-1,4-glucan, or mannan.

61 tion proteins such as lipopolysaccharide and beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP) play an important

62 (PRPs), including a lipopolysaccharide- and beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP).

63 to the pattern recognition receptor LPS and beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LvLGBP), and subsequent

64 th the face of one beta-sheet possessing the beta-1,3-glucan-binding surface.

65 In this study, laminarin (beta-1,3-glucan) but not sialic acid, mannan or pustulan

66 stulan, laminarin, or a low molecular weight beta-(1-3)-glucan, but was inhibited by high molecular w

67 , our study demonstrates that recognition of beta-1,3 glucan by Dectin-1 triggers TLR9 trafficking to

68 olymph of Manduca sexta, upon the binding of beta-1,3-glucan by its recognition protein, betaGRP2.

69 As beta(1-->3)glucan can be synthesized in vitro or in vivo

70 sglycosylation and driving the elongation of beta(1-3) glucan chains in the yeast cell wall.

71 ansglycosylase activity, producing elongated beta(1-3) glucan chains.

72 dule (CBM) that binds the nonreducing end of beta-1,3-glucan chains, and an uncharacterized C-termina

73 report here on the synthesis of small oligo-beta-(1 --> 3)-glucans characterized by thioglycosidic l

74 ata contained significantly higher levels of beta-1,3-glucans compared with C. albicans, but it did n

75 gand-induced self-association of the betaGRP-beta-1,3-glucan complex may form a platform on a microbi

76 )/beta(1-->4) mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) and beta(1-->3) glucan components of lignocellulose represen

77 s in Pneumocystis carinii have characterized beta-1,3 glucan components of the organism.

78 in and chitosan are relatively abundant, and beta-(1,3)-glucans constitute a minor cell wall componen

79 ectin-1 not only controls internalization of beta-1,3-glucan containing cargo and triggers proinflamm

80 can by Dectin-1 triggers TLR9 trafficking to beta-1,3 glucan-containing phagosomes, which may be crit

81 Massive beta-1,3-glucan contents were detected in cell walls of

82 Unexpectedly, GLS1 expression and beta-1,3-glucan contents were drastically reduced during

83 t and was reproduced by stimulation with the beta(1,3) glucan curdlan, indicating that dectin-1, rath

84 ased activity of the enzyme on the insoluble beta-1,3-glucan curdlan but not on soluble laminarin; ad

85 chains and reduces water permeability during beta-1,3-glucan depletion; however, C. albicans undergoe

86 beta(1-3)-glucan deposition was increased in lrg1Delta s

87 in the female germline transiently perturbed beta-1,3-glucan deposits, allowed intercellular movement

88 mune cells and bone marrow-derived cells for beta(1, 3)-glucan-elicited optic nerve regeneration.

89 the mechanisms these enzymes employ to drive beta(1-3) glucan elongation.

90 ns We show here that iron-induced changes in beta-1,3-glucan exposure are lactate-dependent; and high

91 are lactate-dependent; and high iron causes beta-1,3-glucan exposure by preventing lactate-induced,

92 l model accurately simulates the dynamics of beta-1,3-glucan exposure during growth and predicts leve

93 this shaving, together with the dynamics of beta-1,3-glucan exposure during growth, can account for

94 hough iron has recently been shown to affect beta-1,3-glucan exposure on the cell wall, we report her

95 In later studies, beta(1-->3)glucans, extracellular polysaccharides, and m

96 Whether beta-1,3-glucan facilitates germline isolation and devel

97 rate synthetases alpha-1-3-glucan (AGS1) and beta-1,3-glucan (FKS1).

98 These granulocytes with CR3-bound beta-1,3-glucan-fluorescein were shown to kill iC3b-opso

99 undergo continual remodeling that generates beta-1,3-glucan fragments as products of endo-glycosyl h

100 large beta-1,3-glucans into smaller soluble beta-1,3-glucan fragments that were taken up by the CR3

101 However, the concentrations of beta -1,3 glucan from the biofilm conditions were 4-10-f

102 n layer of the wall masks the inner layer of beta(1-3)-glucan from exposure and detection by innate i

103 PS results in decreased masking of cell wall beta(1-3)-glucan from the immune system.

104 vities of these enzymes in the hydrolysis of beta-1,3 glucans from fungal cell walls.

105 Our findings indicate that germline beta-1,3-glucan fulfils a functional role in the ovule b

106 Previously, we characterized beta-(1->3)-glucan GPs from bacteria and E. gracilis, le

107 and trimeric hydroxylamine-based mimetics of beta-(1-->3)-glucans have been accessed by an asymmetric

108 CR3 is a known receptor for beta-1,3-glucan; however, blocking CR3 had significant e

109 A limulus lysate assay was used to quantify beta -1,3 glucan in supernatants from planktonic or biof

110 -copy LRG1 suppressed the mislocalization of beta(1-3) glucan in fus2Delta strains.

111 addition, it is known to produce paramylon (beta-1,3-glucan in a crystalline form) as reserve polysa

112 Goe1, glycogen rosettes are mislocalized and beta-1,3-glucan in the cell wall is reduced.

113 as a pattern recognition protein for LPS and beta-1,3-glucan in the shrimp proPO activating system.

114 fied cellulose synthase preparations yielded beta-1,3-glucan in vitro, leading to the interpretation

115 Synthesis of callose (beta-1,3-glucan) in plants has been a topic of much deba

116 pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) beta-1,3-glucan, in response to specific host signals su

117 We show that C. albicans and beta-1,3-glucan induce priming of human primary mononucl

118 The reduction of beta-1,3-glucan induced by echinocandins is accompanied

119 e marrow, the macrophages degraded the large beta-1,3-glucans into smaller soluble beta-1,3-glucan fr

120 Moreover, Bgs4-derived beta(1,3)glucan is essential for secondary septum format

121 We show that Bgs4-derived beta(1,3)glucan is required for correct and stable actom

122 erefore, our results show that extracellular beta(1,3)glucan is required for cytokinesis to connect t

123 The mode of action of SUN proteins on beta-(1,3)-glucan is unique, new, and original.

124 beta-1,3-glucan is a major cell wall component of Pneumo

125 Because synthesis of beta-1,3-glucan is absent in mammalian cells, inhibition

126 nt infection is well understood, the role of beta-1,3-glucan is unknown.

127 Callose (beta-1,3-glucan) is produced at different locations in r

128 in-1, a C-type signaling lectin specific for beta-(1,3)-glucan, is important for the innate immune sy

129 greater degree of polymerization required in beta-(1-->3)-glucans, is discussed in terms of the incre

130 ceptor for the fungal cell wall carbohydrate beta-1,3-glucan, is vital to host defense against fungal

131 this latter CBM, BhCBM56, bound the soluble beta-1,3-glucan laminarin with a dissociation constant (

132 parable activity to the corresponding native beta-(1->3)-glucans, laminaritriose, and tetraose, sugge

133 Particulate beta(1, 3)-glucan leads to increased Erk1/2 MAP-kinase s

134 the lack of conidial trehalose and increased beta-(1,3)-glucan levels in conidia.

135 r C. glabrata cell surface or biofilm matrix beta-1,3-glucan levels affected Hst 5 toxicity; rather t

136 ng phosphomannans) and chitin; and increased beta-1,3-glucan levels.

137 In C. albicans, most beta-1,3-glucan lies in the inner cell wall shielded, by

138 meric and the Ag recognition site identifies beta-1,3 glucan linkages specifically and with high affi

139 e first 181 amino-terminal residues bound to beta-1,3-glucan, lipopolysaccharide, and lipoteichoic ac

140 Consequently, beta(1,3)glucan loss generated ring sliding, oblique pos

141 and shielding contribute to the dynamism of beta-1,3-glucan masking at the fungal cell surface.

142 ough the transcription factor Crz1 to induce beta-1,3-glucan masking in C. albicans We show here that

143 re during growth, can account for a range of beta-1,3-glucan masking phenotypes.

144 to observed variabilities in lactate-induced beta-1,3-glucan masking.

145 results suggest the secreted polysaccharide beta -1,3 glucan may serve as a useful tool for the diag

146 ed differences in gene expression related to beta-1,3-glucan metabolism and signalling through interc

147 mal 2,4-dideoxy-thioether-linked carbacyclic beta-(1->3)-glucan mimetics and synthesized di-, tri-, a

148 ns learnt with previous low-molecular-weight beta-(1->3)-glucan mimetics, we designed a series of min

149 tutive expression of GLS1 led to exposure of beta-1,3-glucan on biotrophic hyphae, massive induction

150 eceptor for innate immune responses, detects beta-1,3-glucan on fungal surfaces via its N-terminal ca

151 chitin is free and the remainder attached to beta(1-3)glucan or beta(1-6)glucan.

152 beta-1,3-glucan phagosomes expressing a signaling incomp

153 as distinct from that of characterized GH149 beta-(1->3)-glucan phosphorylases, which operate on acce

154 Laminarin, a beta-1,3-glucan, presented two classes of binding sites

155 ctin-1 ligand curdlan [a particulate form of beta(1, 3)-glucan] promotes optic nerve regeneration com

156 This priming requires the beta-1,3-glucan receptor dectin-1 and the noncanonical R

157 The role of Dectin-1, a beta-1,3-glucan receptor, critical for fungal recognitio

158 response to invading microorganisms, insect beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein (betaGRP), a soluble

159 functional properties of two domains from a beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein present in the hemol

160 ults indicate that the two domains of Plodia beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein, separated by a puta

161 ,3-glucan (a fungal cell wall component) and beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein-2.

162 Following beta-1,3-glucan recognition, GFP-Dectin-1 undergoes tyro

163 Beta (1,3)-glucans represent 40% of the cell wall of the

164 otein kinase A signaling for lactate-induced beta-1,3-glucan shaving and define the contributions of

165 C. albicans mnn2x6 mutant confirms that both beta-1,3-glucan shaving and shielding contribute to the

166 xposure during growth and predicts levels of beta-1,3-glucan shaving under a variety of conditions, r

167 soluble immunomodulator, beta-(1,6)-branched beta-(1,3)-glucan (soluble beta-glucan), on toxin-stimul

168 le GluB is most active against the insoluble beta-1,3 glucan substrate zymosan A.

169 vity of recombinant proteins against various beta-1,3 glucan substrates indicates that GluA and GluC

170 f tightly associated chitin microfibrils and beta-1,3-glucans, supported by a flexible matrix of beta

171 G protein, Rho1, is required for activity of beta (1-->3)glucan synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes t

172 the GTP-binding protein Rho1 is required for beta(1-->3)glucan synthase activity, for activation of p

173 The in vitro activity of beta(1-->3)glucan synthase in rho1 (E45I), although dimi

174 C (Pkc1p) and for activity and regulation of beta(1-->3)glucan synthase.

175 the GTPase activity of Rho1p, a regulator of beta(1-3)-glucan synthase in vitro.

176 bundant and essential membrane proteins, the beta-(1,3)-glucan synthase (GS) and the proton pump Pma1

177 which harbor an S645Y mutation in the CaFks1 beta-1,3 glucan synthase drug target, suggesting potenti

178 erol biosynthesis, exhibits synergy with the beta-1,3 glucan synthase inhibitor caspofungin or the ca

179 iptional activation of FKS2, which encodes a beta-1,3 glucan synthase.

180 of fungal cell wall synthesis (FKS1 encoding beta-1,3-glucan synthase and CHS3 encoding chitin syntha

181 e homology with the well-characterized yeast beta-1,3-glucan synthase and transgenic plant cells over

182 We functionally characterized the beta-1,3-glucan synthase gene GLS1 of the maize (Zea may

183 after mice were treated with caspofungin, a beta-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitor that is known to redu

184 a chitin synthase inhibitor), caspofungin (a beta-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitor), or FK506 (a calcine

185 nd FKS2 genes, which encode a subunit of the beta-1,3-glucan synthase, the target of echinocandins.

186 persensitive to caspofungin, an inhibitor of beta-1,3-glucan synthase.

187 aspofungin, an antifungal drug that inhibits beta-1,3-glucan synthase.

188 iated with the cell wall biosynthesis enzyme beta-1,3-glucan synthase.

189 or about cooperation between the alpha- and beta(1-3)glucan synthases Ags1 and Bgs for cell wall and

190 Acylated cyclic peptide inhibitors of beta(1,3)glucan synthesis with origins as fungal metabol

191 appeared to be specifically defective in the beta(1-->3) glucan synthesis function of Rho1p.

192 use of a temperature-sensitive mutation and beta(1-->3)glucan synthesis abolished by an echinocandin

193 lipopeptide molecules that are inhibitors of beta-(1,3)-glucan synthesis, an action that damages fung

194 Echinocandins target fungal beta-1,3 glucan synthesis and are used clinically to tre

195 e involved in cell wall biogenesis, restores beta-1,3-glucan synthesis and suppresses pgs1Delta tempe

196 pressoria of RNAi strains, downregulation of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis increased cell wall elasticity

197 Thus, while beta-1,3-glucan synthesis is required for cell wall rigi

198 Pneumocandin antagonists of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis rapidly suppress infection in

199 ent fungal cell wall synthesis by inhibiting beta-1,3-glucan synthesis, a significant glucose-consumi

200 By inhibiting beta-1,3-glucan synthesis, echinocandins cause both fung

201 treatment with caspofungin, an inhibitor of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis, for 21 days decreased express

202 nd responses to echinocandins, which inhibit beta-1,3-glucan synthesis.

203 rinii contains a unique catalytic subunit of beta-1,3-glucan synthetase utilized in cyst wall formati

204 g, the P. carinii Gsc-1 catalytic subunit of beta-1,3-glucan synthetase was cloned and characterized.

205 homology to phylogenetically related fungal beta-1,3-glucan synthetases, encoding a predicted 214-kD

206 for the major fungal cell wall carbohydrate beta-1,3 glucan that induces inflammatory cytokines and

207 beta-1,3-glucan that becomes exposed at the cell surface

208 Callose, a beta-1,3-glucan that is widespread in plants, is synthes

209 ith beta-1,6 branches, but not to curdlan, a beta-1,3-glucan that lacks branching.

210 ected to the nonreducing terminal glucose of beta(1-->3)-glucan through a linkage that remains to be

211 Increased exposure of beta-(1,3)-glucan to the immune system occurs when the m

212 Herein, we describe stapling of beta-(1,3)-glucans to tune their conformation, aiming to

213 d that the binding of lipopolysaccharide and beta-1,3-glucan to LGBP activates the prophenoloxidase (

214 ridine treatment exposed both the chitin and beta-1,3-glucans to the host immune system.

215 udy mechanisms underlying the suppression of beta-1,3-glucan-triggered plant immunity by the blast fu

216 and laminarin into glucose, thus suppressing beta-1,3-glucan-triggered plant immunity.

217 MLG and sophorose utilization, and supports beta(1-->3) glucan utilization, while Bgl3B underpins ce

218 Bgl3C drives beta(1-->3) glucan utilization.

219 beta -1,3 glucan was detected from both in vitro and in

220 study, the linkage region between chitin and beta(1-->3)-glucan was solubilized and isolated in the f

221 Uptake into macrophages stimulated with beta-1,3-glucan was blocked 50% by PS liposomes and 40%

222 Exposure of the chitin and beta-1,3-glucans was also observed in the Deltagpi7 muta

223 Barley and yeast beta-1,3-glucan were labeled with fluorescein to track t

224 eumocystis carinii, and Pneumocystis murina, beta-1,3-glucans were masked in most organisms, as demon

225 Orally administered beta-1,3-glucans were taken up by macrophages that trans

226 lta mutant exhibits increases in exposure of beta(1-3)-glucan, which leads to greater binding by Dect

227 C. albicans results in decreased masking of beta(1-3)-glucan, which may contribute to our understand

228 wall of pgs1Delta contained markedly reduced beta-1,3-glucan, which was restored in the suppressor.

229 GluA and GluC are most active against linear beta-1,3 glucans, while GluB is most active against the

230 rboxyl-terminal domain bound to laminarin, a beta-1,3-glucan with beta-1,6 branches, but not to curdl

231 and displayed higher affinity for insoluble beta-1,3-glucans with Kd values of approximately 2-10 mu