ライフサイエンスコーパス: biosphere

1 anisms are a crucial part of the terrestrial biosphere.

2 ochemical activity in a dynamic sub-seafloor biosphere.

3 emistry, biogeochemical cycles, and the deep biosphere.

4 bon lost from the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere.

5 se of cellular receptors among phages in the biosphere.

6 radioactive waste and incorporation into the biosphere.

7 ility to influence critical functions of the biosphere.

8 the Earth's weather, climate, chemistry, and biosphere.

9 ssociated with an extensive, deep subsurface biosphere.

10 ncrease having profound consequences for the biosphere.

11 unusual ecosystem isolated from the surface biosphere.

12 sure of persistent lead contamination in the biosphere.

13 e text] due to the ocean and the terrestrial biosphere.

14 al and widespread changes in the terrestrial biosphere.

15 impact the functioning of ecosystems and the biosphere.

16 represents the biophysical limit of Earth's biosphere.

17 on the evolution of cooperation in the early biosphere.

18 onredundant sequences present throughout the biosphere.

19 uptake and release of CO2 by the oceans and biosphere.

20 f-amplification and self-organization of the biosphere.

21 ofound influences on carbon (C) cycle in the biosphere.

22 fe and sustainability of the deep subsurface biosphere.

23 es the flow of matter and energy through the biosphere.

24 phere, shallow lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

25 ng free-living N fixation in the terrestrial biosphere.

26 a large portion of nitrogen fixation in the biosphere.

27 to free-living N fixation in the terrestrial biosphere.

28 nd related capsidless mobile elements in the biosphere.

29 lar handedness, or homochirality, across the biosphere.

30 cesses that govern our interactions with the biosphere.

31 mately supporting methanogenesis in the deep biosphere.

32 e specialized for survival in the subsurface biosphere.

33 nsfer mechanisms from the hydrosphere to the biosphere.

34 evolutionarily viable in today's terrestrial biosphere.

35 face chemistry and the low oxygen primordial biosphere.

36 evolution of the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.

37 jor provider of energy-rich compounds in the biosphere.

38 radioactive contamination to the surrounding biosphere.

39 of the highest stores of soil carbon in the biosphere.

40 nd below-ground processes in the terrestrial biosphere.

41 ability to cause adverse consequence to the biosphere.

42 tral to our understanding of the terrestrial biosphere.

43 bly supplying significant energy to the deep biosphere.

44 ycle process that fuels the deep subseafloor biosphere.

45 ny microbial cells as the marine sedimentary biosphere.

46 lant N and P in a progressively CO2-enriched biosphere.

47 phages, the largest group of viruses in the Biosphere.

48 oic and the Cambrian emergence of the modern biosphere.

49 cycling within the largest ecosystem of the biosphere.

50 played a key role in the development of the biosphere.

51 be considered when modeling the terrestrial biosphere.

52 e of events leading to global changes in the biosphere.

53 severely limiting the size of the primordial biosphere.

54 underexplored reservoir of diversity in the biosphere.

55 ments at scales from local ecosystems to the biosphere.

56 icant effect on the biogeography of the rare biosphere.

57 bolic strategies employed by the subseafloor biosphere.

58 er view of the biosynthetic potential of the biosphere.

59 varying contribution of CO(2) from the urban biosphere.

60 volcanoes, marine biosphere, and terrestrial biosphere.

61 bility to monitor and measure changes in the biosphere.

62 erstone of atmospheric CO(2) fixation by the biosphere.

63 al component of biogeochemical cycles in the biosphere.

64 on of estrogens into androgens occurs in the biosphere.

65 ionary transitions in the history of Earth's biosphere.

66 ial to transform energy flow through Earth's biosphere.

67 nts necessary for the maintenance of Earth's biosphere.

68 stimate the scale of the human impact on the biosphere.

69 orld and produces most of the biomass in the biosphere.

70 tion of rare species referred to as the rare biosphere.

71 that oxidative stress actually plays in the biosphere.

72 rgest organic matter pool in the terrestrial biosphere.

73 ound on the total information content in the biosphere: 5.3 x 1031 (+/-3.6 x 1031) megabases (Mb) of

74 as been the dramatic reshaping of the global biosphere, a transformation whose early origins are incr

75 Although the terrestrial biosphere absorbs about 25 per cent of anthropogenic car

76 t limitation is pervasive in the terrestrial biosphere, although the relationship between global carb

77 n is a global problem threatening the entire biosphere and affecting the life of many millions of peo

78 on the cycling flux between the terrestrial biosphere and atmosphere and infers a residence time of

79 regulating CO2 exchange between the Earth's biosphere and atmosphere, and in determining how carbon

80 rtant future interactions between the tundra biosphere and atmosphere.

81 anisms are needed to understand Earth's deep biosphere and biotechnology applications.

82 thesis in the next generation of terrestrial biosphere and Earth system models.

83 mportance for the cycling of nitrogen in the biosphere and for the sustainability of life.

84 urs across extinction boundaries, pushes the biosphere and geosphere out of equilibrium.

85 aftermaths suggests strong ties between the biosphere and geosphere, and a previously undescribed ma

86 e carbon storage capacity of the terrestrial biosphere and hence the land-based mitigation potential.

87 space with fundamental ramifications for the biosphere and humanity.

88 Soil is a crucial component of the biosphere and is a major sink for organic carbon.

89 Iron is a key transition element in the biosphere and is crucial for living organisms, although

90 al history, the relative contribution of the biosphere and its chemical fingerprints on Earth's devel

91 y anthropogenic and natural processes in the biosphere and its information diversity over time.

92 en sequestration of POC from the terrestrial biosphere and oxidation of rock-derived (petrogenic) org

93 ls in the coevolution of the lithosphere and biosphere and provides a step toward understanding the f

94 extent of a poorly quantified rare microbial biosphere and refute recent predictions that there exist

95 as it regulates the gas exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere.

96 de (CO2) is altering the productivity of the biosphere and the uptake of CO2 by the oceans.

97 model to quantify CH4 fluxes from the marine biosphere and to examine the capacity of biogenic CH4 to

98 bial communities play essential roles in the biosphere and understanding the mechanisms underlying th

99 atmosphere pool, provides energy to the deep biosphere, and on geological timescales drives the oxyge

100 anthropogenic activities, volcanoes, marine biosphere, and terrestrial biosphere.

101 he global N cycle as much of the terrestrial biosphere appears to be experiencing reduced N availabil

102 ographical patterns, and members of the rare biosphere are generated, and suggest allopatric speciati

103 Finally, human pressures on the biosphere are growing rapidly, and a recent example is t

104 and community assembly processes of the rare biosphere are poorly understood.

105 anged between the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere, are necessary to better understand the role o

106 bial life strategies in the present-day deep biosphere as well as early life on Earth and beyond.

107 r developmental program populated the marine biosphere at least a billion years before the Cambrian E

108 ent, however reconciling the response of the biosphere (at local and nonlocal scales) to potential CA

109 The effects of plants on the biosphere, atmosphere and geosphere are key determinants

110 er of oxygenic photosynthesis has shaped the biosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere.

111 oves organic carbon (OC) from the short-term biosphere-atmosphere carbon (C) cycle, and therefore pre

112 t of the warmer spring and summer drought on biosphere-atmosphere carbon and water exchange in 2012.

113 eographic and temporal variability in Amazon biosphere-atmosphere carbon exchange and that is minimal

114 ed to further improve modeled projections of biosphere-atmosphere CO2 exchange in a changing climate.

115 , we elucidate key processes controlling the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of H2 and raise new questi

116 ions and can increase summer heating through biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks.

117 plications for ecosystems, food security and biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks.

118 important considerations for modeling future biosphere-atmosphere interactions and for understanding

119 soprenoid emissions, directly shaping global biosphere-atmosphere interactions.

120 resented for accurately modeling the coupled biosphere-atmosphere-climate earth system.

121 proach to ecosystem ecology, using microbial biospheres, based on a combination of theory and the rep

122 the sampling of viruses in this part of the biosphere being extremely sparse.

123 on is respired back to carbon dioxide in the biosphere, but a small fraction escapes remineralization

124 thesis supplies organic carbon to the modern biosphere, but it is uncertain when this metabolism orig

125 are among the most effective C sinks of the biosphere, but methane (CH(4)) emissions can offset thei

126 Bacteriophages play critical roles in the biosphere, but their vast genomic diversity has obscured

127 , the gatekeeper of carbon fixation into the biosphere, by its molecular chaperone Rubisco activase (

128 Here we investigate whether the marine biosphere can be identified as a source of Se and of oth

129 The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, ca

130 und by at least ca. 20%, supporting a marine biosphere-climate link through sea ice melt and low alti

131 not estimate the same quantity of atmosphere-biosphere CO(2) exchange.

132 hort-lived and characterized by catastrophic biosphere collapse and subsequent reorganization.

133 quantitative evidence for the role of major biosphere components in the evolution of upper continent

134 s, and viewed to significantly contribute to biosphere cycling of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

135 have been interpreted as evidence for a deep biosphere dating back in time through the earliest perio

136 ead to positive or negative responses in the biosphere, depending on vegetation type.

137 storage of organic carbon in the terrestrial biosphere directly affects atmospheric concentrations of

138 s the polygeonamides produced from deep-rock biosphere DNA, contain the highest numbers of D-amino ac

139 Integrative concepts of the biosphere, ecosystem, biogeocenosis and, recently, Earth

140 % difference implemented in most present-day biosphere emissions models (i.e., homogeneous emissions)

141 s that the surface/atmospheric abundances of biosphere-essential materials will likely be variable.

142 s the global transition to a more productive biosphere, evidenced by increased availability of food a

143 in air-surface processes (whether atmosphere-biosphere exchange or aerosols), as well as the extent o

144 ere we quantify the response of tropical net biosphere exchange, gross primary production, biomass bu

145 Earth's microbial biosphere extends down through the crust and much of the

146 onal and global models to assess the climate-biosphere feedbacks and improve predictions of the futur

147 ng terrestrial albedo, potentially impacting biosphere feedbacks on past and future climate, and call

148 tic representation of future aerosol-climate-biosphere feedbacks.

149 mospheric inverse systems, we estimated land biosphere fluxes (natural, land-use change and fires) ba

150 Understanding of Chinese land biosphere fluxes has been hampered by sparse data covera

151 ment represents an exceptional record of the biosphere following the crucial changes that occurred in

152 ld have competed with Earth's early oxygenic biosphere for essential nutrients.

153 ns for understanding the extremes of Earth's biosphere; for understanding the potency of disease-caus

154 ing and ozone production, and influences the biosphere from ecosystem-level processes through to the

155 equences for our understanding of changes in biosphere function since the Late Pleistocene and of the

156 ntial consequences for broader ecosystem and biosphere functioning.

157 and will continue to significantly decrease biosphere functioning.

158 d a carbon source coexist in the terrestrial biosphere, fungi are expected to occur.

159 rigin and may be evidence that a terrestrial biosphere had emerged by 4.1 Ga, or approximately 300 My

160 This suggests that a modern-style marine biosphere had rapidly emerged during the latest Ediacara

161 The deep terrestrial biosphere harbours a substantial fraction of Earth's bio

162 Much of the Earth's biosphere has been appropriated for the production of ha

163 taxonomically and functionally diverse rare biosphere has the potential to increase functional redun

164 ny ways to conceptualize the recovery of the biosphere; here, we focus on the global recovery of spec

165 al diversity of endonucleases throughout the biosphere in DNA restriction, repair, and homing.

166 Scientific drilling has identified a biosphere in marine sediments (1) , which contain many u

167 ere present typically as members of the rare biosphere in metagenomic data from uncontaminated field

168 etter understand the role of the terrestrial biosphere in mitigating anthropogenic CO(2) emissions.

169 Viruses have impacted the biosphere in numerous ways since the dawn of life.

170 findings first indicate that the living rare biosphere in the aquifer system has the metabolic potent

171 providing energy to the overlying subsurface biosphere in the forearc regions of convergent margins.

172 generate and maintain diversity in the rare biosphere in this habitat.

173 ript suggesting the presence of a "deep, hot biosphere" in the Earth's crust.

174 Earth's microbial biomass exists in the deep biosphere, in the deep ocean, and within the Earth's cru

175 Human domination of the biosphere includes changes to disturbance regimes, which

176 nic energy fuels the human domination of the biosphere, including conversion of natural habitats to a

177 Human wellbeing relies on the Biosphere, including natural resources provided by ocean

178 s could have supported a substantial aerobic biosphere, including nitrification and methanotrophy, an

179 verse forests of the temperate region of the biosphere, including those of hardwood, conifer and mixe

180 Two core boundaries-climate change and biosphere integrity-have been identified, each of which

181 improved model representation of atmosphere-biosphere interactions in a changing global climate.

182 However, geosphere-biosphere interactions in serpentinite-hosted subseafloo

183 ssive disturbance - a limit set by geosphere-biosphere interactions.

184 uence of anthropogenic forcing on the marine biosphere is a high priority.

185 The terrestrial biosphere is currently a strong carbon (C) sink but may

186 Because the biosphere is highly heterogeneous, species diversity imp

187 The subsurface biosphere is largely unexplored and contains a broad div

188 Recent studies have revealed that the rare biosphere is not merely an inactive dormant population b

189 easonal pattern of uptake by the terrestrial biosphere is recorded in fluorescence and the drawdown o

190 ological route for nitrogen gas entering the biosphere is reduction to ammonia by the nitrogenase enz

191 a major pathway by which fixed carbon in the biosphere is returned to the atmosphere, yet there are l

192 axa, but the uncertainty of the size of rare biosphere is yet to be experimentally determined.

193 eased from the geosphere fuel chemosynthetic biospheres is fundamental to understanding the distribut

194 ant hydraulics into the Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) land surface model.

195 hat are of fundamental importance across the biosphere, leading to a thorough understanding of biodiv

196 Deep biosphere life primarily consists of bacteria and archae

197 New biosphere mapping means that isotope data can be more co

198 g to implications for the sustenance of deep biosphere microbial communities and their potential role

199 We use a global land biosphere model to analyze historical terrestrial-freshw

200 nd land-use scenario, and on the terrestrial biosphere model used, highlighting the importance of imp

201 ge observations, combined with a terrestrial biosphere model with explicit modeling of forest regrowt

202 Simulations with a terrestrial biosphere model, however, suggest an average long-term O

203 exchange and that is minimally influenced by biosphere model-based first guesses of seasonal and annu

204 iving the IAV of S(net) by using an improved biosphere model.

205 luded in coupled carbon-nitrogen terrestrial biosphere models (CN-TBMs) and are consistent with CN-TB

206 vironmental forcings using three terrestrial biosphere models (ED2, IBIS, and JULES) forced by three

207 Terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) are highly sensitive to model re

208 However, given that most global terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) do not include the C cost of nut

209 resentation of photosynthesis in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) is essential for robust projecti

210 How terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) represent leaf photosynthesis an

211 hesis models are at the heart of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) simulating the daily, monthly, a

212 otosynthesis estimates from nine terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs), to quantify and assess photosyn

213 ts with the output of a suite of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs), we suggest that within the curr

214 cated as important for advancing terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs), yet to date, such models have o

215 tested as a benchmark against 12 terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs).

216 y are poorly represented in most terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs).

217 either current physiological nor terrestrial biosphere models adequately describe its short-term temp

218 Water fluxes in terrestrial biosphere models and feedbacks to community dynamics 121

219 al remote-sensing techniques and terrestrial biosphere models fail to reproduce the seasonality of GP

220 emble of demographically-enabled terrestrial biosphere models following an independent reconstruction

221 ionships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in

222 testing critical assumptions in terrestrial biosphere models that are being used to project future i

223 ) to increase representation of processes in biosphere models that could contribute to fill the budge

224 here we tested the ability of 10 terrestrial biosphere models to reproduce the observed sensitivity o

225 Simulations of photosynthesis by terrestrial biosphere models typically need a specification of the m

226 has underlain the development of terrestrial biosphere models used in climate prediction and of remot

227 into next-generation trait-based terrestrial biosphere models would improve predictions of global pho

228 timates have relied heavily on process-based biosphere models, despite lack of model agreement with p

229 Our set of atmospheric inversions and biosphere models, which were adjusted for a consistent f

230 hydraulics within terrestrial ecosystem and biosphere models, which will enhance our ability to make

231 ans to parameterize and evaluate terrestrial biosphere models.

232 rom an ensemble of process-based terrestrial biosphere models.

233 representation of fine roots in terrestrial biosphere models.

234 und processes are represented in terrestrial biosphere models.

235 y linking plants and microbes in terrestrial biosphere models.

236 down" atmospheric inversions and "bottom-up" biosphere models.

237 tauE) is not well constrained in terrestrial biosphere models.

238 pects of their representation in terrestrial biosphere models.

239 r cycles is a key uncertainty in terrestrial biosphere models.

240 antify its uncertainty in global terrestrial biosphere models.

241 to represent these processes in terrestrial biosphere models.

242 in the health and disease of the terrestrial biosphere, much less is known about the function and pot

243 determined and simplified systems, microbial biospheres offer the opportunity to test and develop str

244 owever, our understanding of the terrestrial biosphere on a global scale is subject to considerable u

245 indicates that potential impacts of the deep biosphere on CO2 fate and transport should be taken into

246 es (including both the abundant and the rare biosphere) on a regional scale.

247 ort the plausible antiquity of a terrestrial biosphere populated by cyanobacteria well before the GOE

248 ogenic environmental element that enters the biosphere primarily from geochemical sources, but also t

249 ion rates, this information content suggests biosphere processing speeds exceeding yottaNOPS values (

250 tion and of remote sensing indices of global biosphere productivity.

251 imate crisis: how long will it be before the biosphere rebounds from our actions?

252 elative to the 2011 La Nina, the pantropical biosphere released 2.5 +/- 0.34 gigatons more carbon int

253 tability and functions of the rare microbial biosphere remains unknown.

254 Rare biosphere represents the majority of Earth's biodiversit

255 ecosystems have had on the evolution of the biosphere requires an understanding of modern lithificat

256 The southern pass of Fakarava atoll-a biosphere reserve in French Polynesia-hosts an average o

257 ey were located within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, but were not influenced by disease ra

258 Direct quantification of terrestrial biosphere responses to global change is crucial for proj

259 tent with the goal of predicting large-scale biosphere responses to global change.

260 a major unresolved challenge for forecasting biosphere responses to global change.

261 Tropical forests contain the bulk of the biosphere's carbon.

262 In this study, the IBIS (Integrated BIosphere Simulator) was used to simulate the global-sca

263 gnificantly (32%) to the uncertainty in land biosphere sink change.

264 these data, we estimate a mean Chinese land biosphere sink of -1.11 +/- 0.38 petagrams of carbon per

265 ately 35% of the increase in the global land biosphere sink.

266 versification of Pinnularia borealis, a rare biosphere soil diatom species complex, using a global sa

267 served features of change towards 'corporate biosphere stewardship', with significant potential for u

268 considered one of the most complex microbial biospheres studied to date, hosting thousands of bacteri

269 underlying the dynamics of the coupled urban-biosphere system.

270 ated inside eco-hydrological and terrestrial biosphere (TB) model schemes.

271 ice, snow cover, permafrost, and terrestrial biosphere that arise after a certain global temperature

272 rviving in the nutrient-poor, lithified deep biosphere that include the recycling of organic matter.

273 ic carbon cycling and energy transfer in the biosphere that is mediated by a wide range of streambed

274 energy can be harnessed by a chemosynthetic biosphere that permeates hydrothermal regions on Earth.

275 Within the terrestrial biosphere, the magnitude of carbon storage can vary in r

276 ttention has been given to the study of deep biospheres, their role in geochemical cycles, and their

277 ity, abundance, and ecological impact in the biosphere throughout the Phanerozoic [1].

278 nderstanding the response of the terrestrial biosphere to climatic change and other anthropogenic for

279 diversity advances our understanding of the biosphere to conserve more biodiversity in the face of l

280 spheric haze was a transient response of the biosphere to increased nutrient availability, with metha

281 zenoid compounds have been reported from the biosphere to the atmosphere.

282 flux, J(CO2), a primary carbon flux from the biosphere to the atmosphere.

283 otected ecosystems may have allowed the deep biosphere to thrive, despite violent phases during Earth

284 and population declines threaten to push the biosphere toward a tipping point with irreversible effec

285 evidence now supports the presence of a deep biosphere ubiquitously distributed on Earth in both terr

286 Given the ubiquity of complex systems in the biosphere, understanding the evolution of complexity is

287 global models of the marine and terrestrial biospheres used for climate change projections, typicall

288 es are likely to play a major role in future biosphere-vegetation feedbacks such as sun-screening und

289 The Asian land biosphere was a net sink of -0.46 (-0.70-0.24) PgC per y

290 , while in South and Southeast Asia the land biosphere was close to carbon neutral.

291 , nearly all of the reactive nitrogen in the biosphere was generated and recycled by microorganisms.

292 thermal vents represent a deep, hot, aphotic biosphere where chemosynthetic primary producers, fuelle

293 of plant-soil-nutrient feedbacks in the land biosphere, which, in turn, are essential for our ability

294 Determining whether the terrestrial biosphere will be a source or sink of carbon (C) under a

295 nique class of pigments found throughout the biosphere with a wide variety of functions, structures,

296 e, and on the other the modern 'Phanerozoic' biosphere with its extraordinary diversity of large mult

297 a(15)N data indicate a Mo-based diazotrophic biosphere with no compelling evidence for a significant

298 areness that our planet is a self-supporting biosphere with sunlight as its major source of energy fo

299 equestered scCO2 , harbor a 'deep carbonated biosphere' with carbon cycling potential.

300 originating from the terrestrial and marine biosphere, with a profound effect on atmospheric chemist