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1 of glass and an upper region of the heavier bronze.
2 s for thousands of years since the advent of bronze.
3 O(t)Bu to the Bronsted acidic protons of the bronze.
4 lized electrons to afford mixed-metal hybrid bronzes.
6 was noted with the catastrophic (26.4%) and bronze (22.7%) plans, while gold plans had the lowest sh
11 5.8 ka), with cattle appearing at the early Bronze Age (4.2 ka) and goats arriving later (3.5 ka).
15 tein analysis, that cauldrons from the Final Bronze Age (ca. 2700 BP) were primarily used to collect
17 Eurasian Steppes during the Early or Middle Bronze Age (ca. 3000-1500 BCE), the actual economic basi
18 first population, Cis-Baikal Late Neolithic-Bronze Age (Cisbaikal_LNBA), is associated with Yeniseia
19 power vacuum created by the collapse of Late Bronze Age (LB, ca. 1300 BCE) civilizations and the disi
20 n whether the glass produced during the Late Bronze Age (LBA) originated in Egypt or Mesopotamia.
21 ng and archaeobotanical analysis to two Late Bronze Age (LBA) sites, Esperstedt and Kuckenburg, in ce
22 asian Steppe belonging to the Late Neolithic Bronze Age (LNBA) lineage, until now exclusively identif
23 s genomes spanning the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age (LNBA; 4,800 to 3,700 calibrated years before
24 wo cereals were cultivated during the Middle Bronze Age (MBA), around 2000-1800 BC, especially Setari
25 hic (EN) hunter-gatherers and 19 Middle-Late Bronze Age (MLBA) pastoralists, from the site of Koken i
26 stry from the second, Yakutia Late Neolithic-Bronze Age (Yakutia_LNBA), is associated with migrations
28 Radiocarbon (carbon-14) data from the Aegean Bronze Age 1700-1400 B.C. show that the Santorini (Thera
29 e results support the notion that during the Bronze Age a dispersal of individuals carrying the R-S11
30 oss the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age add to the archaeological evidence of continu
31 rasian ancestry back to the Eneolithic/Early Bronze Age Afanasievo and Early Bronze Age Khemtseg (Che
32 Early Bronze Age and flourished in the Late Bronze Age alongside the emergence of diverse mortuary p
33 of Eastern Mediterranean cuisines during the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age, we analyzed microremains
34 nites inhabited the Levant region during the Bronze Age and established a culture that became influen
36 astoralism reached Mongolia during the Early Bronze Age and flourished in the Late Bronze Age alongsi
37 sistence of such a river during the Harappan Bronze Age and the Iron Age Vedic period is strongly deb
40 f male lineages, and focused interest on the Bronze Age as a period of cultural and demographic chang
41 nsity of Indo-Mediterranean trade during the Bronze Age as well as the degree of globalization in ear
42 an analysis of 14 warriors from the Tollense Bronze Age battlefield in northern Germany (~3,200 befor
44 e-wide data of 46 individuals from the Early Bronze Age burial ground of Leubingen in today's Germany
45 c analysis of equids uncovered in rich Early Bronze Age burials at Umm el-Marra, Syria, placed them b
48 east, at least one-tenth of the ancestry of Bronze Age central Anatolians, who spoke Hittite(4,5).
52 val of millet is often seen as part of wider Bronze Age connectivity, yet understanding of the subsis
53 two canids excavated from Late Neolithic and Bronze Age contexts in the Stora Forvar cave on the isla
54 hed a chronology for the initial Aegean Late Bronze Age cultural phases (Late Minoan IA, IB, and II).
56 ly, we refine the genetic origin of the Late Bronze Age Deer Stone-Khirgisuur Complex populations, tr
57 metacarpals shows that Botai horses resemble Bronze Age domestic horses rather than Paleolithic wild
58 n South Asia has the same profile as that in Bronze Age Eastern Europe, tracking a movement of people
59 l daggers are widespread in Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Europe, yet their social and practical roles
61 o South Asia and Europe before the suggested Bronze Age expansion of Indo-European languages from the
62 emographic reconstructions show no signal of Bronze Age expansion, but evidence of Paleolithic expans
63 Canarian natives show signatures related to Bronze Age expansions in Eurasia and trans-Saharan migra
65 er-gatherers (10,800 to 4250 cal BCE) and 26 Bronze Age farmers from the Corded Ware complex Fatyanov
67 Neolithic Bell Beaker Complex and the Early Bronze Age from the Lech River valley in southern Bavari
68 led as an admixture between a northern China Bronze Age genetic source and a source of Jomon-related
69 uggest that Southeastern Europe in the Early Bronze Age had a significantly different family and soci
75 on libraries created from four Iron Age and Bronze Age human teeth from Bulgaria, as well as bone sa
78 esolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies
79 ons, highlighting strong selection since the Bronze Age in Europe (<4,500 years) and potential geneti
83 h the major transition from the Neolithic to Bronze Age in the Yellow River valley and supports hypot
86 rovide the first genomic characterization of Bronze Age individuals (n = 8; 0.001-1.2x coverage) from
87 elong to a sublineage previously observed in Bronze Age individuals from Central Europe that had lost
89 ts of archaeogenetic investigations of Early Bronze Age individuals from Lower Austria, specifically
90 by analysing 91 newly generated genomes from Bronze Age individuals from present Poland and Ukraine,
92 orial expansions during the Early and Middle Bronze Age is characterized by long-term genetic stabili
93 ra-forming eruption of Santorini in the Late Bronze Age is known to have been tsunamigenic, and calde
97 dence for pastoral-related multi-cropping in Bronze Age Mesopotamia provides an antecedent to first m
98 e analysis and experiments shed new light on Bronze Age metal daggers, showing that they were fully f
100 s, perhaps whole families, whereas the later Bronze Age migration and cultural shift were instead dri
101 Europe from Anatolia and the late Neolithic/Bronze Age migration from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe, can
104 ng contributed to the demographic success of Bronze Age Mongolian populations and that the origins of
108 nt of pastoralism at high altitudes from the Bronze Age onwards and the extension of agriculture star
113 d genetic evidence supports widespread Early Bronze Age population movements out of the Pontic-Caspia
115 orm Early Bronze Age were followed by Middle Bronze Age populations displaying unique characteristics
116 oland and Ukraine, we discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an additional admi
117 pean hunter-gatherers, Steppe Eneolithic and Bronze Age populations, and European Late Neolithic/Bron
118 Age populations, and European Late Neolithic/Bronze Age populations, while their X chromosomes are in
119 mon/broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), in Bronze Age pottery vessels from the Korean Peninsula and
122 e anchorage phases can be distinguished: (i) Bronze Age proto-harbours that correspond to natural anc
123 Slightly elevated delta(15)N values for Bronze Age samples imply higher reliance on protein than
124 shows that the frequency of CCR5-Delta32 in Bronze Age samples is similar to that seen today, pushin
125 ete) shows that a tsunami resulting from the Bronze Age Santorini eruption reached the outskirts of t
126 sults open the field for new research on the Bronze Age Santorini tsunami regarding both impact and c
129 ta with genotypes of 18 individuals from the Bronze Age site Mokrin in Serbia (~4,100 to ~3,700 BP) a
134 of the NPR Scythians was found with the late Bronze Age Srubnaya population of the Northern Black Sea
135 y 3,800-y-old burial mound attributed to the Bronze Age Srubnaya-Alakul cultural tradition at the sit
136 'steppe-forest' cline descends from the Late Bronze Age steppe ancestries, while the 'southern steppe
138 odern and ancient datasets: 15 from the Late Bronze Age stone-cist graves (1200-400 BC) (EstBA) and 6
139 at the Neolithic peoples of Europe and their Bronze Age successors are not closely related to the mod
147 s majority genomic continuity from the Early Bronze Age to the Iron Age, this is markedly reduced in
148 w human migrations from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age transformed the social and genetic structure
149 haeological continuity across the Eneolithic-Bronze Age transition and a likely epicentre of Yamna fo
150 oss Europe, the genetics of the Chalcolithic/Bronze Age transition is increasingly characterized in t
152 hic patterns in France for the Neolithic and Bronze Age transitions consistent with neighboring regio
156 sociated with steppe pastoralists form Early Bronze Age were followed by Middle Bronze Age population
157 the Neolithic period and the following Early Bronze Age were marked by 'eastern' gene flow, which was
158 Using analysis of a well-preserved Early Bronze Age wooden container from Switzerland, we propose
159 ch metal resources, became a crucible of the Bronze Age(1) and the birthplace of the earliest steppe
161 me dataset from the Mesolithic period to the Bronze Age(2), along with new Medieval and post-Medieval
162 ermed the 'LNBA lineage' (Late Neolithic and Bronze Age), has been suggested to have spread into Euro
164 ividuals spanning the Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, a period characterized by intense interregio
165 allele frequency estimates from Eneolithic, Bronze Age, and modern Eastern European samples and forw
166 teppe, persisted within Europe until the mid-Bronze Age, and moved back toward Central Eurasia in par
168 was already present at high frequency in the Bronze Age, but not lactose tolerance, indicating a more
169 ary exploitation of horses prior to the late Bronze Age, ca. 1200 BCE - at which point horses come to
170 of Mid-Holocene (Late Mesolithic to Initial Bronze Age, ca. 7000-3000 BCE) Europe are characterized
171 has a broader demographic impact during the Bronze Age, despite continuity of local Chalcolithic gen
173 the Pontic Steppe during the late Neolithic/Bronze Age, however, we estimate a dramatic male bias, w
174 into Mongolia ca. 3000 BCE, and by the Late Bronze Age, Mongolian populations were biogeographically
175 uring the Late Chalcolithic and/or the Early Bronze Age, more than half of the Northern Levantine gen
176 ndicates they were abandoned before the Late Bronze Age, pointing to a potentially earlier origin.
178 d of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of th
179 ancestry in the Greek mainland by the Middle Bronze Age, we additionally show that such genetic signa
180 A lineages evidently arrived afresh with the Bronze Age, we also find evidence for continuity in the
181 asin by Afanasievo migrants during the Early Bronze Age, we find that the earliest Tarim Basin cultur
182 we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age, when extensive gene flow entangled it with t
183 o indicates horse domestication by the Early Bronze Age, which provides support for its role in stepp
212 istry-transport model, we show here that the Bronze-Age 'Minoan' eruption of Santorini Volcano releas
214 data, highlighting the critical role of post-Bronze-Age migrations into the region over the past 3,00
217 composition of three ternary Cu-Sn-Pb model bronze alloys (lead bronzes: CuSn10Pb10, CuSn7Pb15, and
219 hemical inhomogeneities in all three ternary bronze alloys with profound local deviations from their
222 yields, from 13 Hungarian Neolithic, Copper, Bronze and Iron Age burials including two to high (~22 x
225 losely related to modern Selkups and to some Bronze and Iron Age populations of the Altai region, wit
227 y rose to appreciable frequencies during the Bronze and Iron Ages [2, 3], long after humans started c
228 ased mobility correspond geographically with Bronze and Iron Ages settlement patterns across the Tibe
230 mic shifts with the advent of the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages, with interleaved periods of genome
234 he first farmers followed by the adoption of bronze and then iron metallurgy leading on to the rise o
235 ucting the genetic history of the Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Age populations of coastal northern Eas
236 es, organophosphorous pesticide and phosphor bronze, and the produced N2 might be collected and used
239 um (pea) mutants degenerate leaves (dgl) and bronze (brz) accumulate large amounts of iron in leaves.
241 debates on the electronic properties of blue bronzes but also provide a rare platform to study intere
244 studying spontaneous mutations at the maize bronze (bz) locus, we made the unexpected discovery that
246 arried out extensive genetic analysis of the bronze (Bz) region in Zea mays using a W22 inbred line c
252 n of existing and new data into 'gold-silver-bronze' criteria, allowing users to filter and query dep
253 d its specialist brood parasite, the shining bronze-cuckoo Chalcites lucidus in New Caledonia (Figure
255 e ternary Cu-Sn-Pb model bronze alloys (lead bronzes: CuSn10Pb10, CuSn7Pb15, and CuSn5Pb20), which we
257 ts had pretibial venous stasis ulcers, 4 had bronze edema, 23 had both, and 17 had recurrent cellulit
260 on scanning tunneling microscopy reveal that bronze forms on the surface by a complicated, unanticipa
269 ior tools to encourage entry into the copper-bronze-iron continuum of tool manufacture in other parts
270 eractions across the Adriatic Sea during the Bronze/Iron Age and a high level of individual mobility
272 red series of layered monophosphate tungsten bronzes (L-MPTB) [Ba(PO(4))(2)]W(m)O(3m-3) consist of m-
273 whereas the lower elites only had access to bronzes made by secondary alloying practice and copper w
274 een gold and silver medal in 40%, silver and bronze medal in 64%, and bronze or no medal in 61% of th
275 itions and compare the future performance of bronze medalists to those finishing just shy of the podi
277 By considering the chemical analysis of bronze objects within archaeological contexts, this pape
278 lief that all medals have been cast from the bronze of guns captured from the Russians at Sebastopol.
283 sources at various degrees of consensus (532 bronze pairs, 527 silver pairs and 370 gold pairs).
284 city and rate performance of low-temperature bronze-phase TT- and T-polymorphs of Nb2O5 are inherent
285 itaxial growth of a strain-free, monoclinic, bronze-phase VO2(B) thin film on a perovskite SrTiO3 (ST
287 idy cost of premiums for the least-expensive bronze plan for every county in the United States was ca
291 high elites such as Fuhao, particularly the bronze ritual vessels, were made by carefully controlled
296 ly debated as a key factor for the spread of bronze technology and profound changes in burial practic
297 emarkably preserved as liquids inside sealed bronze vessels of the Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.
298 tection of chromium traces on the surface of bronze weapons buried with the Chinese Terracotta Army,
299 e formation kinetics of the copper-tin alloy bronze when tin is deposited on the (111) surface of cop
300 octahedra, reminiscent of hexagonal tungsten bronzes, with planar Si6 rings enclosed within its hexag