ライフサイエンスコーパス: brood

1 petition environment (artificially increased broods).

2 reased female-biased sex ratio for the whole brood.

3 umption, thereby leaving more food for their brood.

4 ves by larval female soldiers in a mixed-sex brood.

5 ore effective at rearing large quantities of brood.

6 itor than females that had cared for a large brood.

7 educes a male's contributions to raising the brood.

8 approximately 94-98% of the males in a mixed brood.

9 ays elevate the female's investment into the brood.

10 delivery of Yob transcripts yields male-only broods.

11 the fitness returns from highly male-biased broods.

12 in larval survival in inbred than in outbred broods.

13 ood and the number of offspring in available broods.

14 election favours the production of mixed-sex broods.

15 les being associated with more female-biased broods.

16 urvival rates to nestlings in forest control broods.

17 kers and the huge sizes of many invertebrate broods.

18 ates and body sizes between urban and forest broods.

19 of different migratory strategy or number of broods.

20 the frequency of embryo malformations in the broods.

21 a signal to inhibit food intake during mouth brooding.

22 e layer in a nest evolved independently from brooding.

23 pacificus) provides parental care via mouth brooding.

24 h that resident-resident pairs hatched their broods 12 days earlier than migrant-migrant pairs, and f

25 ly, wounds were evident on uninfested capped brood (5(th)-6(th) instar larvae = 3.91 +/- 0.64 wounds;

26 ual resident males and females hatched their broods 6 days earlier and fledged 0.2 more chicks per ye

27 feeding with workers, but also consuming the brood [8-11].

28 nt: long-lived or low-fecundity species with brooding ability were genetically less diverse than shor

29 treatment was associated with an increase in brood, adult bees and Gilliamella apicola (beneficial gu

30 We used females of the mouth brooding African cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni, to

31 r infection level with Nosema spp. and lower brood and adult bee population, compared to supplemented

32 igated its accumulation in honey, bee bread, brood and adults along with the mortality of bees.

33 10-tritriacontene and (Z)-6-pentadecene onto brood and brood cell caps significantly increased hygien

34 he while preying upon the ants and the ants' brood and duping the ants into rearing their young.

35 r and male numbers, and production of worker brood and reproductives.

36 probability of siring an EPO in an available brood and the number of offspring in available broods.

37 eviously associated with unhealthy honey bee brood and/or brood targeted for hygiene, are triggers of

38 tarting later in the season, and that double brooding and lay date were linked to higher annual fecun

39 xistence of PM(1) in sea anemone eggs and in brooding and released juveniles.

40 r care form, while complex adaptations, like brooding and viviparity, are lost at very low rates, if

41 Number of broods and body mass did not vary with elevation or lati

42 on regulation if they are able to move their broods and find adequate quality and quantity of forage.

43 ith male age, while the numbers of available broods and offspring per brood did not.

44 Number of available broods and offspring per brood showed low additive genet

45 arvae were less successful at raising larger broods and suffered greater mortality as a result: they

46 ct tasks are nursing (providing food for the brood) and foraging (collecting pollen and nectar).

47 biculate Electrapini as food for bee larvae (brood) and involves packing corbiculae with moistened po

48 lower fecundity (smaller clutch and/or fewer broods) and invest more in offspring quality (greater eg

49 perature on breeding initiation date, double brooding, and annual fecundity in a Nearctic-Neotropical

50 lated age differences among nestlings within broods, and another in which we held nestling age consta

51 also highlights that the number of available broods, and hence population structure and demography, m

52 d survival rates than those in urban control broods; and crucially (d) urban supplemented broods had

53 uggest that interactions between workers and brood are integral to colonies survival.

54 ovide less parental care when offspring in a brood are less likely to be their own, but empirical evi

55 dy is integral to their diet when feeding on brood as well.

56 riacontene and the traditional freeze-killed brood assay for selection of hygienic honey bee stocks.

57 hough D. petraeum were able to reproduce and brood at elevated levels of CO2, recruitment success was

58 ee life-history subcomponents: the number of broods available to a focal male to sire EPO, the male's

59 survival rates than those in forest control broods; (b) forest supplemented and control broods had s

60 ental temperatures that matched those of the brood ball burial depth to quantify survival.

61 e reduced to two key parameters, the cost of brood ball construction and the ease of finding balls to

62 at the egg inside and lay its own egg in the brood ball instead of constructing its own ball.

63 If another beetle finds a brood ball it will usually eat the egg inside and lay it

64 that the introduced O. taurus produced more brood balls and larger brood balls, and buried brood bal

65 ood balls and larger brood balls, and buried brood balls deeper than the native O. hecate in all trea

66 We reared offspring in their brood balls in developmental temperatures that matched t

67 beetles Onthophagus taurus lay their eggs in brood balls within dung pats.

68 taurus produced more brood balls and larger brood balls, and buried brood balls deeper than the nati

69 s for longer periods in order to guard their brood balls.

70 cluding the number, size and burial depth of brood balls.

71 The brooding behavior of the octopods we observed suggests t

72 Epithelial fusion, brooding behavior, and the presence of a skeleton were a

73 les and the association represents a complex brooding behavior.

74 ficant correlations with comb mass, maternal brooding behaviour and fecundity.

75 os were more productive than parents rearing broods biased more strongly towards sons or daughters, s

76 cologically important, small and short lived brooding bivalve Lissarca miliaris from Signy Island, An

77 across habitats and control and supplemented broods, but supplemented (and not control) broods consum

78 ed microclimate in which to raise fungus and brood by managing heat, humidity, and respiratory gas ex

79 ress responses (corticosterone secretion) in brood bystanders.

80 ed brain genes during two behavioral states (brood care (aka "nursing") and foraging) and identified

81 ernate between reproductive (queen-like) and brood care (worker-like) phases [5].

82 specific helper contributions to cooperative brood care increase as the mean relatedness between help

83 elatively short-term effects associated with brood care or foraging activities.

84 pts weakly correlates with task performance (brood care vs. foraging), but not affected by dominance

85 explains unusual quasisociality (cooperative brood care) among parasitoid wasps without invoking or p

86 hronously alternate between reproduction and brood care, and young workers eclose in synchronized coh

87 , and the ability to induce reproduction and brood care, C. biroi has great potential to illuminate t

88 ereas when the role of helpers is to provide brood care, then helpers are the sex or sexes that provi

89 Alloparental brood care, where individuals help raising the offspring

90 vides conclusive evidence of a developmental brood-care strategy conserved within Ostracoda for at le

91 years ago, and vertical transmission via the brood cell and the cocoon surface resulted in host-symbi

92 contene and (Z)-6-pentadecene onto brood and brood cell caps significantly increased hygienic behavio

93 inary concentrations of nitrogen radicals in brood cells (~1500 ppm NO(.) and its oxidation product N

94 ood may extend their survival outside capped brood cells, especially in areas where brood production

95 e morph are transported by the ants to their brood chamber and cared for as if they were true ant lar

96 Ps were mainly detected in the intestine and brood chamber in F0 and transferred to F1 and F2.

97 Furthermore, we show that, once in the brood chamber, mimic aphids suck on ant larva hemolymph.

98 Two octopods were observed to be brooding clutches of eggs that were laid on stalks of de

99 of reproduction may potentially lead to more broods co-occurring in the early breeding season-a criti

100 titioning selection into within- and between-brood components, we were able to separate individual fr

101 Both broods consisted of approximately 30 large (2.0-2.7 cm)

102 d broods, but supplemented (and not control) broods consumed large quantities of supplementary food.

103 and existing DNA microsatellite loci for the brooding coral Porites astreoides to assess patterns of

104 Larvae of the brooding coral, Porites astreoides, and the broadcast sp

105 Here we use a split-brood, counterbalanced, field experiment to investigate

106 and a period of forced starvation while they brood developing young inside their mouths.

107 rtality leading to significant reductions in brood development and colony success.

108 umbers of available broods and offspring per brood did not.

109 American foulbrood is the most destructive brood disease of honeybees (Apis mellifera) globally.

110 illus larvae, is the most damaging bacterial brood disease of the honeybee (Apis mellifera), causing

111 a heat-collecting dome in which to incubate brood during cold weather, and deep chambers in which to

112 ite after extrusion of their eggs to protect brooding embryos from the chemically harsh, thermally fl

113 The gastropods that form these reefs brood encapsulated larvae; they are threatened by rapid

114 groups that displayed more interactions with brood experienced greater survivorship, a trend not pres

115 ioassays involving mite-infested and control brood extracts from three honey bee breeding stocks we:

116 ienic behavior is present in Varroa-infested brood extracts, 2) identified ten stock-specific hydroca

117 Brooding females at Von Damm exhibited greater size-spec

118 umber of days brooding, such that late-stage brooding females had larger AVT cells than mid-stage bro

119 in the NLT compared to brooding females, but brooding females had larger pomc1a neurons compared to g

120 bundant staining in gravid compared to mouth brooding females in most regions.

121 Consequently, brooding females in the periphery of the vent field are

122 NPY and AGRP neurons in the NLT compared to brooding females, but brooding females had larger pomc1a

123 evels were also higher in gravid compared to brooding females.

124 females had larger AVT cells than mid-stage brooding females.

125 which is necessary for egg-laying in queens, brood food production in workers, and proper immune func

126 d loss of the adult population, leaving only brood, food, and few adults in the hive.

127 Laying workers also had larger brood-food-producing and wax glands, showing metabolic i

128 ed fecundity (lower clutch size and/or fewer broods) for higher offspring quality (larger eggs and/or

129 yer around the colony that helps protect the brood from bacterial pathogen infection, resulting in a

130 fter vertically transmitting species evolved brooding from broadcasting, indicating that reduced buoy

131 urvival for goslings reared on areas used by broods from the Tutakoke River black brent colony.

132 broods; and crucially (d) urban supplemented broods had similar body size and survival rates to nestl

133 broods; (b) forest supplemented and control broods had similar body size and survival rates; (c) urb

134 we found that nestlings in (a) urban control broods had smaller body size and nestling survival rates

135 aspects of annual reproductive performance, brood hatch date and breeding success, differed between

136 structure communities; (3) immature stages (brood) have different bacterial communities than adults;

137 ompetition environment (artificially reduced broods) have higher early-life reproduction but lower la

138 f honey bee hygienic behavior independent of brood health.

139 species capable of attempting more than one brood in a breeding season could benefit from extended b

140 Brooding in colonial ascidians allows increased egg size

141 including both food supplemented and control broods in both urban and forest great tit Parus major po

142 anta bernicla nigricans) tend to raise their broods in the same areas each year, and these areas are

143 Having been reared in a large brood induced higher DNA methylation of the Nr3c1 regula

144 Queenless subcolonies that engage in more brood interactions may have had more resources available

145 that a male will sire an EPO in an available brood is the primary source of genetic variation in male

146 cooperate to raise young at a single nest or brood, is widespread among vertebrates but highly variab

147 Furthermore, broods laid in the presence of a male gained more weight

148 ry to our expectations, males cared less for broods laid in the presence of a male.

149 ctural insulation properties, to raise their broods (larvae and/or pupae) in advantageous thermal con

150 ree sympatric gorgonian species that release brooded lecithotrophic larvae in the same season: Paramu

151 Selection at the brood level was independent of sparrowhawk presence.

152 ts, we were able to separate individual from brood-level effects of fledging mass on predation probab

153 t-year survival and show experimentally that brood-level effects originate early in development.

154 in agricultural sites in August, by October brood levels were higher in colonies from agricultural s

155 Colony brood levels, frames of bees (adult bee mass) and intern

156 in the west, from late October onwards, and brooding locations, determined using tidal geolocation,

157 e warbler (Setophaga caerulescens), a double-brooded long-distance migrant, we used Pradel models to

158 data also indicate that living with stressed brood mates early in life entails some long-term costs.

159 level of stress hormones (corticosterone) in brood mates, we demonstrate that the social transfer of

160 Feeding on pre-capped brood may extend their survival outside capped brood cel

161 y, along with other specimens exhibiting pre-brooding morphologies.

162 mond pollination, have been characterized by brood mortality with specific symptoms, followed by even

163 ort by providing females with either a small brood of 10 larvae or a large brood of 40 larvae and com

164 either a small brood of 10 larvae or a large brood of 40 larvae and compared the ability of these fem

165 de conclusive evidence for marsupial care of brood-offspring.

166 ipulations, showing that caring for enlarged broods often reduces the parent's future survival or fec

167 refore, some females consistently rear their broods on areas resulting in lower post-fledging fitness

168 ed that the last hatched/born offspring in a brood or litter often show relatively poor subsequent pe

169 n growth were not explained by the number of broods or density dependence.

170 oadcast spawning (Crassostrea virginica) and brooding (Ostrea equestris) oyster species.

171 um data sets showed higher gene flow for the brooding oyster with more oceanic salinity tolerances.

172 veraged 40% lower for warblers reared with a brood parasite nestmate.

173 we focus on the range dynamics of four avian brood parasite species and their hosts in southern Afric

174 le brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), a brood parasite that commonly lays eggs in blackbird nest

175 e Gerygone flavolateralis and its specialist brood parasite, the shining bronze-cuckoo Chalcites luci

176 der to avoid retaliating punishment from the brood parasite.

177 nd geographic distribution of obligate avian brood parasites and their hosts to demonstrate that incr

178 Both predators and brood parasites can be major threats to the reproduction

179 agonistic behaviors to both conspecifics and brood parasites can be mediated by similar physiological

180 Virulence of avian brood parasites can trigger a coevolutionary arms race,

181 Obligate avian brood parasites provide a particularly tractable system

182 Brood parasites usually reduce their host's breeding suc

183 They are obligate brood parasites, laying their eggs in the nests of other

184 cial learning poses a particular problem for brood parasites, which are raised by adults of another s

185 g host-specific races (or 'gentes') in avian brood parasites.

186 is well-known in egg appearances of hosts of brood parasitic birds [2,3,7], which might also occur in

187 Brood parasitic birds lay their eggs in other birds' nes

188 Obligate brood parasitic birds, including brown-headed cowbirds (

189 ific brood parasitism is common in coots and brood parasitic chicks could manipulate hosts by tapping

190 Female brood parasitic common cuckoos, Cuculus canorus, are eit

191 ternal inheritance of egg colouration in the brood-parasitic common cuckoo Cuculus canorus.

192 Brood-parasitic cowbirds use a password, a simple signal

193 d in greater productivity because of reduced brood parasitism and increased nest survival, whereas gr

194 s, biotic interactions and local demography: brood parasitism had little detected impact on extinctio

195 Intraspecific brood parasitism has been reported in around 200 species

196 Conspecific brood parasitism is common in coots and brood parasitic

197 Empirical evidence for structured brood parasitism is, however, lacking for hosts of Europ

198 dividuals of the same species (intraspecific brood parasitism).

199 es, including early spring flight season and brood parasitism, which may indicate adaptation to condi

200 er chances of successfully defending against brood parasitism.

201 records of first egg dates from four single-brooded passerine bird species.

202 re associated with species that had multiple broods per season, lived in nonagricultural habitats and

203 LT (lateral antennal lobe tract) neurons and brood pheromone is mainly processed by m-ALT (median ant

204 's life cycle, and the exploitation of bees' brood pheromones is particularly significant given these

205 For the first time, brooding pocilloporids replaced spawning acroporids as t

206 sion changes in pregnant versus non-pregnant brood pouch tissue and characterize the genomic organiza

207 markable novelty among vertebrates, the male brood pouch.

208 r partners and simultaneously deserted their broods produced more offspring within a season than pare

209 ygienic activities), and colony development (brood production and pollen stores) in all treated colon

210 apped brood cells, especially in areas where brood production is year-round.

211 nd all treatments had detrimental effects on brood production.

212 was thought to be the main type of extended brood protection in bees.

213 l behavior, biparental care leads to greater brood protection in this species.

214 g of gosling mass, corrected for age, across brood rearing areas (BRAs) and years [Akaike model weigh

215 7-2004) of black brent goslings across seven brood rearing areas (BRAs).

216 was inhibited when bees were stimulated for brood rearing by placing overwintering beehives in straw

217 ibited when beehives were allowed to restore brood rearing by removing the screen, supporting the hyp

218 g the screen, supporting the hypothesis that brood rearing status is a main factor in the regulation

219 Since brood rearing status is influenced by various stress fac

220 back to the cold field, thereby suppressing brood rearing.

221 supplementation accelerated the induction of brood-rearing activity and the inhibition of AmAChE1 exp

222 ate spring, thereby artificially suppressing brood-rearing activity, AmAChE1 was highly expressed.

223 died geese, and (ii) goslings from subarctic brood-rearing areas have a limited capacity to slow grow

224 nsity-related degradation of their saltmarsh brood-rearing habitat.

225 ) practice both strategies by switching from brood reduction to compensation across time.

226 od size through death of marginal offspring (brood reduction), or feed the disadvantaged chicks to re

227 both horizontally and vertically despite its brooding reproductive mode and maternal transmission of

228 nd prepupae as compared to uninfested capped brood, respectively.

229 d daily to meet 40%-50% of each supplemented brood's food requirements) to great tit nestlings in urb

230 he genetic diversity and connectivity of the brooding scleractinian coral Seriatopora hystrix were as

231 We collected two data sets: (a) brood sex ratios of wild-caught males mated to standard

232 Number of available broods and offspring per brood showed low additive genetic variances.

233 state was supported: Birds rearing enlarged broods showed subsequent increased rate of actuarial sen

234 the hypothesis that stock-specific chemical brood signals are induced by Varroa and Deformed Wing Vi

235 g fruits play an important role as a food or brood site in many insect groups such as Diptera, Hymeno

236 eding on offspring fitness, but no effect of brood size (number of sporophytes per maternal ramet).

237 II transporter, pitr-1, results in decreased brood size and dramatically increased expression of vite

238 RNAi to dpy-21 normalized brood size and fat storage phenotypes in rict-1 mutants,

239 we found no significant correlations between brood size and genetically deduced incidence of multiple

240 ificant correlation in invertebrates between brood size and genetically deduced rates of multiple mat

241 ty (V(M)) components, in addition to testing brood size and maternal weight as specific sources of ma

242 We used maternal age at reproduction, brood size and survival rates in combination with DNA me

243 dults display smaller germ lines and reduced brood size consistent with a role for XND-1 in germ cell

244 e modulated somatic state through a lifelong brood size manipulation in wild jackdaws and measured it

245 Support for this prediction comes from brood size manipulations, showing that caring for enlarg

246 We found that the brood size of C. elegans was significantly reduced by ar

247 -2 is sufficient to reduce the body size and brood size of wild-type animals.

248 The assumption that lifelong increased brood size reduced somatic state was supported: Birds re

249 This evolutionary pressure resulted in a brood size reduction of 60%.

250 y may have evolved, highlighting the role of brood size regulation via infanticide in this genus.

251 pecies, parents are thought to either adjust brood size through death of marginal offspring (brood re

252 te exposure in F0 and that this reduction in brood size was also observed in the offspring generation

253 al conditions during early life (large natal brood size) or adulthood (high foraging costs) exert mul

254 But developmental retardation, reduced brood size, altered survival and increased sensitivity t

255 length, decrease of growth rate, decrease of brood size, and decrease of the elimination rate).

256 h, an increased time of development, reduced brood size, and reduced life span were observed in the m

257 developmental rate, pharyngeal pumping rate, brood size, body movement, activation of the mitochondri

258 results in slow developmental rate, reduced brood size, small body size, increased fat mass and trun

259 interaction between nest mortality risk and brood size-and predicted the age of fledging among speci

260 tant, of PEZO-1 caused a severe reduction in brood size.

261 e held nestling age constant but manipulated brood size.

262 ter animals also showed slow growth, smaller brood sizes and decreased longevity; phenotypes observed

263 owever, affected families had larger initial brood sizes than unaffected families.

264 but increased significantly with parasitoid brood sizes.

265 ultibrooded species and decreased for single-brooded species.

266 Once the majority of offspring in a brood start to express cooperative (or competitive) beha

267 As a consequence of mass mortality of adult brood stock in 2016 and 2017 owing to heat stress(6), th

268 s indicates that the low resistance of adult brood stocks to repeated episodes of coral bleaching is

269 crustaceans, show an interesting variety of brooding strategies.

270 cell size correlated with the number of days brooding, such that late-stage brooding females had larg

271 ncrease the chances of survival of the whole brood, suggesting a beneficial fitness value of cross-ov

272 it is likely that egg development, and hence brooding, takes years [1].

273 ciated with unhealthy honey bee brood and/or brood targeted for hygiene, are triggers of honey bee hy

274 nked to Varroa and DWV were also elevated in brood targeted for hygienic behavior.

275 e; however, it significantly reduced queens' brood tending ability.

276 es in mountain sites had more adult bees and brood than those in agricultural sites in August, by Oct

277 reeders were more likely to attempt a second brood than those starting later in the season, and that

278 tion laid larger clutches and fledged larger broods than females mated to males with worse cognitive

279 enic bees, capable of detecting and removing brood that is parasitized or diseased.

280 oney bee pheromonal compounds emitted by the brood, the workers, and the queen.

281 They are known to protect and brood their eggs until the juveniles hatch, but to date

282 Conditioning of the adults while they brood their larvae, or developmental acclimation of the

283 bers per clutch in invertebrate animals that brood their offspring and then compare findings with ana

284 e it would promote a more female-biased wasp brood, thus increasing the tree's fitness.

285 toms can be produced by chronically exposing brood to both an organosilicone surfactant adjuvant (OSS

286 ear survival decline threefold from year- to brood- to individual level, so that estimates of selecti

287 uent seasons in the increased versus reduced broods' treatment group.

288 The time to first brood was delayed in the highest FPW (0.04%) treatment.

289 tempt, as females that had cared for a small brood were better competitors than virgin females that h

290 ility, as females that had cared for a small brood were more successful when competing for a second c

291 s, whilst females that had cared for a large brood were similar in competitive ability to virgin fema

292 Broods were fathered by up to 3 different males.

293 Parents rearing broods with 1:1 sex ratios were more productive than par

294 c paternity analyses reveal cuckoldry in all broods, with fewer than 25% of offspring being sired by

295 ious mortality rates, eliminating 99% of the brood within a few days after first feeding.

296 both populations, mean RS was higher in the brood year experiencing lower predation intensity.

297 quite small (harmonic mean N(b)=25 fish per brood-year vs 373 for wild fish), and was exacerbated by

298 Selection coefficients were similar across brood years with different levels of predation, often in

299 ckeye salmon populations for two consecutive brood years with very different predation intensities ac

300 very different predation intensities across brood years.